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Ilmu Gizi Indonesia

ilgi2017
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Published by Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

ISSN : 2580491x EISSN : 25987844 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Ilmu Gizi Indonesia merupakan jurnal yang dikelola oleh Universitas Respati Yogyakarta. Jurnal ini menerima naskah ilmiah di bidang gizi. Jurnal ini fokus pada bidang gizi klinik, gizi masyarakat, food science, food service, dan gizi olahraga. Ilmu Gizi Indonesia terbit dua kali dalam setahun, yaitu Bulan Agustus dan Februari.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 138 Documents

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Hubungan asupan lemak, serat dan rasio lingkar pinggang pinggul dengan tekanan darah pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Gondokusuman I Yogyakarta Aas Yuriah; Ari Tri Astuti; Inayah Inayah
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (2019): Februari
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi hipertensi di Kota Yogyakarta menduduki peringkat kedua. Risiko hipertensi disebabkan beberapa faktor seperti asupan lemak berlebih, asupan serat yang kurang serta mempunyai rasio lingkar pinggang pinggul (RLPP) dalam kategori lebih. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan asupan lemak, serat dan RLPP dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Gondokusuman I Yogyakarta. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Gondokusuman I Yogyakarta. Subjek penelitian adalah pasien hipertensi berjumlah 53 pasien. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Asupan lemak dan serat diukur dengan menggunakan semi-quantitative food frequency questionaire dan melakukan pengukuran lingkar pinggang pinggul untuk mengetahui RLPP pasien. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi Square dan Fisher’s Exact. Hasil: Ada hubungan asupan lemak, serat dan RLPP dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Gondokusuman I Yogyakarta (p=0,01; p=0,03; p=0,03 secara berurutan). Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan asupan lemak, asupan serat dan RLPP dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Gondokusuman I Yogyakarta.

Hubungan aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar kolesterol pasien penyakit jantung koroner Selviana Anakonda; Fery Lusviana Widiany; Inayah Inayah
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (2019): Februari
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Latar Belakang: Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyakit kardiovaskular dengan prevalensi tertinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya penyakit jantung koroner adalah kadar kolesterol dalam darah. Upaya untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah diantaranya dengan mengendalikan kebiasaan makan dan melakukan latihan aerobik. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar kolesterol pada pasien PJK. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Penelitian melibatkan 79 responden yang diambil dengan teknik accidental sampling. Kriteria inklusi meliputi pasien penyakit jantung koroner rawat jalan yang bersedia menjadi responden, laki-laki berusia ≥ 45 tahun dan perempuan berusia ≥ 55 tahun. Kriteria eksklusi adalah pasien PJK yang mengonsumsi herbal atau ramuan dari luar rumah sakit untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Data dianalisis dengan software statistik menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact. Hasil: Sebagian besar responden yang tidak beraktivitas olahraga mempunyai kadar kolesterol normal (70,9%). Ada hubungan antara aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar koleterol (p=0,051) dengan α=10%. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas olahraga dengan kadar kolesterol pada pasien PJK di Poliklinik Jantung RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul.

Skor aktivitas prebiotik growol (makanan fermentasi tradisional dari singkong) terhadap Lactobacillus sp. dan Escherichia coli Puspita Mardika Sari; Desty Ervira Puspaningtyas
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (2019): Februari
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Latar Belakang: Growol adalah makanan fermentasi tradisional dari singkong. Proses fermentasi diduga mampu memperbaiki karakteristik fisik tepung, meningkatkan kadar serat pangan dan kadar pati resisten. Namun demikian, potensi prebiotik dari growol terhadap perubahan bakteri saluran cerna secara in vitro belum pernah dipelajari. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi prebiotik growol terhadap bakteri saluran cerna (Lactobacillus sp. dan Escherichia coli). Metode: Bahan yang digunakan adalah tepung growol sebagai produk fermentasi, tepung singkong sebagai kontrol bahan baku, glukosa sebagai kontrol substrat pada medium mikrobiologis, serta FOS dan dekstrin sebagai kontrol positif prebiotik komersial. Growol dibuat melalui fermentasi spontan yang selanjutnya dikeringkan dan digiling hingga berukuran 60 mesh menjadi tepung growol. Pengujian in vitro dilakukan pada Lactobacillus sp. dan Escherichia coli dengan menambahkan 1% (v/v) kultur ke dalam basal MRS dan basal Nutrient Broth. Pertumbuhan bakteri diukur pada jam 0, 24 dan 48 dengan metode plate count. Skor aktivitas prebiotik dihitung berdasarkan persamaan Huebner, selanjutnya data diolah dengan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan skor aktivitas prebiotik yang signifkan baik pada jam 24 (p=0,193) maupun jam 48 (p=0,244). Namun demikian semua sampel menunjukkan skor aktivitas prebiotik positif dengan nilai skor tertinggi pada jam ke 24 adalah dextrin (0,46) diikuti FOS (0,07), growol (0,04), dan singkong (0,02). Skor tertinggi pada jam ke-48 adalah FOS (8,56) diikuti growol (1,06), dekstrin (0,61), dan singkong (0,70). Kesimpulan: Singkong maupun growol berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan pangan sumber prebiotik. Namun demikian, penelitian lebih lanjut terutama secara in vivo diperlukan untuk mengkaji lebih lanjut mengenai potensi prebiotik growol.

Correlation between milk bottle practice and diarrhea on children under five at Puskesmas Umbulharjo 1, Yogyakarta City Myra Mesnuath Kosapilawan; Delima Citra Dewi Gunawan; Fera Nofiartika
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Background: Diarrhea is one of the causes of death in children. The incidence of diarrhea in Yogyakarta City in 2014 was still quite high, as many as 917 cases. The use of milk bottles is one of the factors causing diarrhea in children. Milk bottles are susceptible to bacterial contamination due to poorthe use of milk bottles. Objective: To investigate the relationship between the practice of using milk bottles and the incidence of diarrhea in infants in the working area of Umbulharjo 1 Health Center, Yogyakarta City. Methods: The design of this study was cross sectional. The research was conducted in the Umbulharjo Community Health Center work area 1. The research subjects were 138 children aged 0–59 months and using milk bottles. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test to determine the relationship between the practice of using milk bottles and the incidence of diarrhea. Results: The practice of using milk bottles in 89 toddlers (64.5%) was included in the bad category while 49 toddlers (35.5%) were included in the good category. There was a relationship between the practice of using milk bottles with the incidence of diarrhea (p=0.00). Conclusion: The practice of using a good bottle of milk can reduce the risk of diarrhea in infants.

Determinant of stunting among children under five years old in Wukirsari Village, Cangkringan Subdistrict, Sleman, Yogyakarta Vika Indah Rahayu; Nugroho Susanto; Ayu Fitriani
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Background: One of the biggest nutritional problems in Indonesia is stunting. Children under five years old with stunting are more susceptible to disease and having reduced cognitive abilities. Stunting can be caused by several factors, such as from both external and internal factors. Objective: To find out the determinants of the incidence of stunting among children under five years old in Wukirsari Village, Cangkringan sub district, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Methods: This study was conducted in 23 subvillages in Wukirsari Village in February 2019 with a case control design. This study involved 100 children under five years old with 50 cases and 50 controls. Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, mothers’ education, family income, and posyandu visit were collected using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi Square test. Results: There was no correlation between mother’s education and posyandu visit with stunting incidence (p>0.05). There was a correlation between family income with stunting incidence (p=0.00). Family who had low income were 6.526 times more likely to have stunted children. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between family income with stunting incidence.

Relationship between calcium and magnesium intake and blood pressure in adulthood Dwi Lestari
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Background: Hypertension occurs due to environmental factors, genetic factors and interactions between them. Environmental factors affected the most on blood pressure are food or dietary, which it plays the most important role in blood pressure homeostasis. Calcium and magnesium levels in the blood are important because calcium makes the heart contract, while magnesium functions to help the heart muscle for relaxation. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between calcium and magnesium intake and blood pressure at age 18 ̶ 44 years in Kedungkandang, Malang. Methods: This was cross-sectional study with consecutive samplingon the sample of 90 people. Calcium and magnesium intakeswere obtained using weighing food record and 24-hours food recall. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer. Bivariate analysis was performed by Spearman Rank Correlation test. Results: There was no significant relationship between calcium intake and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p>0.05). Between magnesium intake and systolic blood pressures showed a significant relationship (p=0.005, r=0.207), butfor diastolic blood pressure had nosignificant relationship (p>0.05). Daily average of calcium intakewas 208.5±123 mg and magnesium intake was 226.2±110.2 mg. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between magnesium intake and systolic blood pressure, but the closeness of the relationship was weak and positive, meaning that the higher magnesium intake the higher systolic blood pressure. On the other hand, there was no significant relationship between calcium intake and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Antifungal activity of onion (Allium cepa L.) essential oil on Candida albicans Miftahur Rahmi; Felicia Aileen Agustia
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Background:Onions (Allium cepa L.) contain essential oil that have sulfur compounds called thiosulfinates or isothiocyanates which are known to have antibacterial and antifungal effects. Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) test is needed to determine the minimum concentration of onion essential oil which can inhibit or kill fungus test. Objectives: To determine the antifungal activity of essential oil in onion (Allium cepa L.) and to find out the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) on Candida albicans. Methods:This research was an experimental study with disc diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) using Sabourond Dextrose Agar (SDA) media. Results: The results were obtained at concentrations of 20% (C1); 10% (C2); 5% (C3); 2.5% (C4); 1.25% (C5); 0.625% (C6); and 0.312% (C7) provided inhibition with an average diameter of 13.14 mm; 9.33 mm; 8.49 mm; 6.90 mm; 0 mm; 0 mm; and 0 mm respectively. Conclusion: Essential oil of onion (Allium cepa L.) could inhibit fungal growth of Candida albicans and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of essential oil onions (Allium cepa L.) indicated on concentration of 2.5% with a flat diameter average of 6.90 mm.

Pengaruh promosi gizi di sekolah terhadap pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku tentang konsumsi air pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Yogyakarta Endri Yuliati; BJ. Istiti Kandarina; Toto Sudargo
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Latar Belakang: Air merupakan zat gizi penyusun cairan intrasel dan ekstrasel, tetapi pemenuhan kebutuhannya sering dikesampingkan. Kurang air minum berdampak negatif pada fisik dan mental. Sekolah termasuk lingkungan terdekat anak sehingga berpotensi sebagai tempat memperbaiki perilaku anak. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh model promosi gizi di sekolah dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku terkait konsumsi air minum anak. Metode: Penelitian kuasi eksperimen ini menggunakan rancangan pre and post with control group design yang dilaksanakan di sekolah dasar di Kota Yogyakarta. Pemilihan sekolah dilakukan dengan multistage random sampling. Setiap dua sekolah menerima salah satu bentuk promosi gizi berikut: A) pendidikan gizi dengan pembelajaran aktif dan pembiasaan (n=70) dan B) pembiasaan (n=65). Pendidikan gizi disampaikan oleh peneliti selama tiga minggu dengan frekuensi 1 kali per minggu. Pembiasaan dilakukan selama dua minggu berupa meminta anak untuk membawa minuman dari rumah dan minum bersama-sama sebelum pelajaran dimulai dan ketika akan pulang sekolah. Pengetahuan dan sikap tentang minum diukur dengan kuesioner sedangkan perilaku diukur dari volume konsumsi air minum dengan tiga hari fluid record. Data prepost dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank. Perbedaan kedua kelompok diuji dengan Mann Whitney. Hasil: Peningkatan pengetahuan hanya terjadi pada kelompok A, yaitu sebesar 1,13 (p<0,05). Untuk sikap dan perilaku terkait air minum tidak mengalami peningkatan yang bermakna setelah intervensi, yaitu berturut-turut untuk kelompok A dan B dari 1.137,74+432,32 dan 1.234,10+509,51 menjadi 1.119+404,87 dan 1.170+513,63 ml. Kesimpulan: Promosi gizi dengan metode pembelajaran aktif dan pembiasaan dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa, tetapi belum dapat meningkatkan sikap dan perilaku siswa terkait konsumsi air.

The influence of feeding practice on the risk of stunting in infant and young children in developing countries:a literature review Sri Melfa Damanik; Dessie Wanda
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Bacground: Stunting is one of the conditions of failed to grow on the children where the child’s height is not obtained in accordance with the age of the child. There are a few things that become the main causes of stunting problem in children, as well as the ineffectiveness of child feeding practice. Objective: To find out the influence of feeding practice according to WHO guidelines on the risk of stunting in infant and young children in developing countries according on literature review. Methods: This literature review used search strategy on five databases involved Science Direct, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Taylor & Franchis, and Scopus using the keywords of “stunting, feeding practice, infant and young children”. The author used several filter i.e. research articles, articles with English language, and published in 2008-2018. All articles were selected using Appraisal Tool of PRISMA and resulting 16 Articles. Results: Sixteen articles showed that minimum dietary diversity, exclusive breast feeding, the time of introduction of complementary feeding, high iron feeding, and frequency of feeding have a significant relationship with incident of stunting for infant and young children. Conclusion: The feeding practice for infant and young children in developing countries was not optimal. Providing education as early as possible to prospective mothers and mothers about proper feeding practices was expected can increase the knowledge and ability of mothers to practice appropriate feeding according to WHO recommendations.

Iodium intake, history of breastfeeding, growth and development of toddler aged 13–23 months at Srumbung, Magelang Gloria Nirmayanty; Metty Metty; Untung S. Widodo
Ilmu Gizi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Background: The age of 0–2 years is the golden period because this is period of the fastest development of brain nerve. Breast milk contains iodine which is useful to maximize the process of growth and development of children. Iodine deficiency can also cause cretinism, usually occurring in endemic hyacinth areas such as at Srumbung. Objective: To determine the relationship between iodine intake and establishment of breastfeeding toward the growth and the development of toddler aged 13–23 months in three villages in Srumbung, Magelang City. Methods: This was survey study with cross sectional design. The study was conducted from April to May 2018 in Ngablak, Ngargosoko and Srumbung. The population were 110 toddler aged 13–23 months. Subjects were 86 children and were taken with proportional random sampling. Data of iodine intake, history of breastfeeding, and developmental were collected through interviews, while anthropometric data were obtained through direct measurement. Data were analyzed using Chi Sqare test with CI 95%. Results: The statistical analysis showed the maternal iodine intake and child growth had p =0,350, maternal iodine intake with child development had p=0,170, history of breastfeeding with child growth had p=0,130 and history of breastfeeding with child development had p=0.004. Conclusion: There was no relationship between maternal iodine intake and child growth, maternal iodine intake and child development, and history of breastfeeding and child growth. There was relationship between establishment of exclusive breastfeeding with development.

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