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INDONESIA
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal)
Published by Universitas Pelita Harapan
ISSN : 20865554     EISSN : 26140470     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) is published by the Faculty of Social and Political Science of the University of Pelita Harapan. The journal aims to facilitate the exchange and deployment of scientific ideas by academics and practitioners in the field of International Relations. The topics in Verity consist of International Political Economy, Security Studies, Poverty and Social Gap, International Development, Regional and International Cooperation, International Organized Crime, Human Rights, Nationalism and Conflict, Global Governance, Gender, Globalization, Diplomatic Relations, and Economic Development. Verity has been published since 2009 and it is a bi-annual publication with an issue in January-June and another in July–December.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 120 Documents
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Indonesia’s Foreign Policy under Prabowo: A Shift Toward Strategic Assertiveness Yadav, Abhiram Singh
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 33 (2025): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i33.9507

Abstract

Indonesia’s foreign policy has traditionally followed the Bebas dan Aktif (Free and Active) doctrine, emphasizing neutrality while actively engaging in global affairs. However, the election of Prabowo Subianto in 2024 marks a significant shift toward a more assertive and strategic approach. While maintaining Joko Widodo’s focus on economic diplomacy, Prabowo has expanded Indonesia’s priorities to include national security, defense, and global partnerships. His administration has actively pursued key initiatives such as joining BRICS, strengthening maritime security in the Indo-Pacific, and expanding military cooperation with major global powers. This study employs a qualitative thematic analysis of existing literature to examine these policy shifts and their implications for Indonesia’s position on the world stage. The findings indicate that while economic diplomacy remains a central pillar, Prabowo’s approach reflects a broader vision that integrates economic interests with national security and strategic alliances. His leadership emphasizes Indonesia’s sovereignty, defense modernization, and a stronger regional and global presence. By balancing economic partnerships with increased military engagement, Prabowo aims to position Indonesia as an influential middle power capable of shaping regional and international dynamics. Overall, this study highlights how Indonesia’s foreign policy under Prabowo represents a transition from economic pragmatism to a more comprehensive strategy that reinforces national interests while fostering strategic global collaborations.
Perdagangan Antara Indonesia dan Amerika Latin: Integrasi Melalui De Jure Nur Al-Husin, Rachmasari
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 33 (2025): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i33.9528

Abstract

Indonesia has formed de jure trade integration with Latin America, although exports to the region are relatively low and political will to integrate is still minimal. In addition, the low interest of Indonesian entrepreneurs in trade with Latin America further shows the lack of integration opportunities. In fact, ideally trade integration occurs after intense trade relations. This fact raises the research question: Why did Indonesia immediately form de jure trade integration with Latin America? In order to answer this question, this research used a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. Data were collected through interviews and literature studies, then it was analyzed by using an illustrative method. Moreover, this research used the concept introduced by Gamso and Postnikov (2021) regarding South-South Country Form Trade Integration which is encouraged by 2 matters. First, competition pressure to compete with fellow southern countries. Second, policy learning that the experience of trade integration with traditional partners is used as a reference in order to form something similar to fellow southern countries. This research shows that Indonesia formed de jure trade integration with Latin America because of policy learning. Experience in forming trade integration with traditional partners makes Indonesia accustomed to certain standards and negotiation patterns. A similar approach is applied to Latin America with an agreement format which has proven effective, accelerating and deepening trade integration. In the context of competition pressure, this step is not to compete with Latin America, but rather to maintain the consistency of trade integration as with traditional partners.
PERAN BADAN PENGAWAS PEMILIHAN UMUM REPUBLIK INDONESIA SEBAGAI PRESIDEN GLOBAL NETWORK ON ELECTORAL JUSTICE (GNEJ) DALAM UPAYA DIPLOMASI PERADILAN PEMILU PERIODE TAHUN 2022-2023 Sutrisno, Andri
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 33 (2025): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i33.9540

Abstract

The dynamic state of democracy and the challenges of election administration place the General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) as a key institution in safeguarding democratic integrity in Indonesia. This study employs a qualitative-descriptive approach using literature review and document analysis to examine Bawaslu's role in the context of international engagement, particularly through its involvement in the Global Network on Electoral Justice (GNEJ). The findings reveal that Bawaslu’s active participation in GNEJ especially its election as President of GNEJ for the 2022–2023 period, following its previous role as Regional Vice President for Asia has significantly strengthened Indonesia’s institutional diplomacy on a global scale. This leadership position has enabled Bawaslu to promote Indonesia’s electoral justice system and foster cross-national collaboration toward fair and inclusive electoral justice. The successful organization of the 5th Plenary Assembly of GNEJ stands as a strategic milestone reflecting Bawaslu’s commitment to regional and global democratic advancement. The study concludes that Bawaslu’s presidency in GNEJ not only enhances the institution’s international image but also creates avenues for inter-state cooperation in building more effective and just electoral oversight systems. Collaboration and the spirit of mutual support serve as essential foundations in addressing the complexities of electoral issues and in strengthening human resource capacities. Bawaslu RI demonstrates that a state institution can play a constructive diplomatic role in advancing shared democratic objectives at the global level.   Kondisi demokrasi yang dinamis dan tantangan dalam penyelenggaraan pemilu menempatkan Badan Pengawas Pemilu (Bawaslu) sebagai lembaga yang strategis dalam menjaga integritas demokrasi di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan metode studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi untuk menganalisis peran Bawaslu dalam konteks hubungan internasional, khususnya dalam jaringan Global Network on Electoral Justice (GNEJ). Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa keikutsertaan aktif Bawaslu dalam GNEJ, terutama saat dipercaya menjadi Presiden GNEJ periode 2022–2023 setelah sebelumnya menjabat sebagai Wakil Presiden Regional Asia, memperkuat posisi diplomasi kelembagaan Indonesia di ranah global. Momentum tersebut dimanfaatkan Bawaslu untuk mempromosikan sistem peradilan pemilu Indonesia dan mendorong kolaborasi lintas negara dalam memperjuangkan keadilan pemilu yang inklusif dan adil. Penyelenggaraan 5th Plenary Assembly GNEJ menjadi salah satu capaian strategis yang menunjukkan komitmen Bawaslu terhadap penguatan demokrasi regional dan global. Simpulan dari studi ini menegaskan bahwa posisi Bawaslu sebagai Presiden GNEJ tidak hanya meningkatkan citra kelembagaan di tingkat internasional, tetapi juga membuka ruang diplomasi antarnegara dalam membangun sistem pengawasan dan peradilan pemilu yang lebih efektif. Kolaborasi dan semangat gotong royong menjadi fondasi utama dalam menghadapi kompleksitas kepemiluan dan tantangan peningkatan kapasitas SDM. Bawaslu RI menunjukkan bahwa lembaga negara dapat berperan aktif sebagai instrumen diplomasi demokrasi yang konstruktif di tingkat global.    
DIPLOMASI EKONOMI INDONESIA: TANTANGAN DARI UNDANG-UNDANG PENGURANGAN INSENTIF AS DAN DOMINASI NIKEL OLEH CHINA Pattinussa, Jhon; Pandjaitan XIV, Qanszelir G. B.; Patading, Gusti; Pratikno, Roy Vincentius
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 33 (2025): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i33.9666

Abstract

Indonesia, as the world’s largest producer of nickel, faces significant challenges in leveraging its resources for economic development. These challenges are compounded by external pressures, including the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), and internal issues related to China’s dominance in Indonesia’s nickel sector. Despite its vast nickel reserves, Indonesia is excluded from the green incentives provided under the IRA, which threatens to undermine its strategic position in the global nickel supply chain. The study seeks to understand the underlying factors driving this exclusion and the impacts of China’s dominance on Indonesia’s nickel industry. This research employs an explanatory qualitative approach, drawing from literature reviews and interviews with an industry expert. The methodology focuses on interpreting the interrelations between international trade policies, environmental sustainability, and Indonesia’s domestic challenges. The study identifies three key factors behind Indonesia’s exclusion from the IRA: the lack of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the United States, environmental concerns over Indonesia’s mining practices, and the significant presence of Chinese companies in Indonesia’s nickel sector. China’s dominance has also led to environmental degradation, reduced domestic industrial competitiveness, and economic dependency. To address these challenges, the research proposes that Indonesia negotiate an FTA with the United States. Such an agreement would create a framework for accessing IRA incentives, strengthen Indonesia’s economic sovereignty, and mitigate China’s dominance. While the negotiation process will require strong political will and careful diplomacy, it presents a viable path for Indonesia to secure its economic and geopolitical interests.
DIPLOMASI EKONOMI INDONESIA: TANTANGAN DARI UNDANG-UNDANG PENGURANGAN INSENTIF AS DAN DOMINASI NIKEL OLEH CHINA Jhon Pattinussa; Qanszelir G. B. Pandjaitan XIV; Gusti Patading; Roy Vincentius Pratikno
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 33 (2025): January - June
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i33.9666

Abstract

Indonesia, as the world’s largest producer of nickel, faces significant challenges in leveraging its resources for economic development. These challenges are compounded by external pressures, including the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), and internal issues related to China’s dominance in Indonesia’s nickel sector. Despite its vast nickel reserves, Indonesia is excluded from the green incentives provided under the IRA, which threatens to undermine its strategic position in the global nickel supply chain. The study seeks to understand the underlying factors driving this exclusion and the impacts of China’s dominance on Indonesia’s nickel industry. This research employs an explanatory qualitative approach, drawing from literature reviews and interviews with an industry expert. The methodology focuses on interpreting the interrelations between international trade policies, environmental sustainability, and Indonesia’s domestic challenges. The study identifies three key factors behind Indonesia’s exclusion from the IRA: the lack of a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the United States, environmental concerns over Indonesia’s mining practices, and the significant presence of Chinese companies in Indonesia’s nickel sector. China’s dominance has also led to environmental degradation, reduced domestic industrial competitiveness, and economic dependency. To address these challenges, the research proposes that Indonesia negotiate an FTA with the United States. Such an agreement would create a framework for accessing IRA incentives, strengthen Indonesia’s economic sovereignty, and mitigate China’s dominance. While the negotiation process will require strong political will and careful diplomacy, it presents a viable path for Indonesia to secure its economic and geopolitical interests.
UPAYA GERAKAN MILK TEA ALLIANCE DALAM MERESPON OTORITARIANISME DI INDONESIA DAN THAILAND Siringoringo, Martina Uliarta; Prayoga, M. Putra; Amalia, Yuni
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 34 (2025): July-December
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i34.9821

Abstract

The phenomenon of democratic backsliding and the resurgence of authoritarianism has become a major concern in Southeast Asia, including in Indonesia and Thailand. This study aims to analyze how transnational civil society movements, particularly the Milk Tea Alliance (MTA), respond to and resist authoritarianism in these two countries. Using the theory of Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs) by Keck and Sikkink, this study identifies the strategies of information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics employed by the MTA. The research adopts a qualitative-descriptive approach with literature study as the main method. The findings indicate that the MTA has succeeded in building cross-national solidarity that strengthens local advocacy, despite facing challenges such as state repression and nationalist resistance. These findings contribute to the understanding of the role of global civil networks in supporting democratization and civil liberties amidst the current wave of authoritarianism.
The 2024 Reclaim the Night Movement Following the Kolkata Rape and Murder Case: A Framing Theory Analysis Rizky, Muhammad Erza Aimar; Yusuf, Timothy Sandro; Rijadi, Josepha Caroline Sekarningrum; Ramadhan, Muhammad Dafa; Adhipramana, Ghazy Abiyyu Dary
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 34 (2025): July-December
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i34.10050

Abstract

The “Reclaim the Night” (RTN) movement in India, galvanized by the 2024 Kolkata rape and murder case, exemplifies the dynamic interaction between grassroots activism and collective action framing in addressing systemic gender-based violence. This study investigates the dynamics of the collective action framing process within the 2024 "Reclaim the Night" demonstrations following the rape and murder of a female doctor in Kolkata. Employing Benford and Snow's collective action framing theory, the research qualitatively analyzes the movement's diagnostic, prognostic, and motivational framing, along with influencing variables and discursive, strategic, and contested processes. Findings indicate that diagnostic framing effectively identified widespread issues, including victim stigmatization and systemic political failures rooted in patriarchal perspectives. Prognostic framing emphasized actionable solutions such as proper legal processes and improved working conditions to prevent future tragedies. Motivational framing leveraged public frustration with legal authorities' neglect to amplify protest momentum. The RTN movement's strategic use of master frames like safety, freedom, and government accountability, coupled with social media mobilization, garnered significant support. However, contested processes, including public and political counter-arguments, highlight the ongoing challenges in reframing societal narratives. This movement offers a model for transformative action, contributing to a broader vision of gender equality by reclaiming public spaces and reconstructing societal narratives.
Kerja Sama Selatan-Selatan: Strategi untuk Mengurangi Ketergantungan pada Bantuan Kemanusiaan Hastira, Muhammad Fajhriyadi
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 34 (2025): July-December
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i34.10243

Abstract

This study aims to explore South–South Cooperation (SSC) strategies in reducing the structural dependence of recipient countries on traditional donors in humanitarian aid, using the dependency theory framework as an analytical tool. The method used is descriptive qualitative, based on literature review, where data were collected through systematic searches in Scopus using the keywords “South–South Cooperation,” “dependency theory,” and “humanitarian aid dependency.” Analysis was conducted using content analysis techniques: data reduction, thematic presentation, and triangulation of sources to ensure validity. The results of the study reveal three main strategies of SSC, namely (1) demand-driven technology transfer tailored to local needs, (2) technical training and institutional capacity building, and (3) a horizontal approach among countries that eliminates political conditionalities. Empirically, regression analysis of 27 projects showed an average decrease in external supply dependency of 34% and an increase in the institutional resilience index of 41% over three years of implementation. The main contribution of this study is to expand theoretical understanding of counter-dependency mechanisms and provide practical recommendations for responsive foreign policy, including developing a standardized monitoring-evaluation framework and strengthening regional training centers.
Unveiling Indonesia’s Challenges in Attracting Foreign Direct Investment: The Case of Apple Inc and the Electronic Manufacturing Industry Roring, Hanna Angel; Pattinussa, Jhon; Pratikno, Roy Vincentius
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 34 (2025): July-December
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i34.10443

Abstract

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) plays a pivotal role in advancing economic growth, industrial modernization, and technology transfer in emerging economies. This study explores Indonesia’s persistent challenges in attracting high-technology FDI within the electronic manufacturing sector, focusing on the case of Apple Inc. as a reflection of broader policy dynamics. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research analyzes secondary data from official reports, government publications, and scholarly literature to uncover the intersection between Indonesia’s economic ambitions, political diplomacy, and security considerations. The findings reveal that although Indonesia possesses significant potential—characterized by abundant resources, a large domestic market, and an expanding digital ecosystem—its investment climate remains hindered by bureaucratic inefficiencies, inconsistent regulations, and limited technological infrastructure. The study highlights that Apple Inc., while fulfilling its Local Content Requirement (TKDN) through software-based initiatives such as the Apple Developer Academy, continues to refrain from establishing local manufacturing facilities. This decision underscores the broader structural constraints faced by multinational corporations operating in Indonesia’s regulatory environment. Economically, the research demonstrates that FDI remains central to Indonesia’s goal of transitioning from resource-based exports toward high-value manufacturing. Politically, it shows that FDI functions as an instrument of economic diplomacy, enhancing Indonesia’s international credibility. From a security perspective, strengthening the electronic manufacturing sector through FDI is vital for achieving technological sovereignty and resilience amid global supply chain disruptions. The study concludes that Indonesia’s success in attracting sustainable FDI depends on its ability to harmonize economic liberalization with institutional reform and industrial readiness. Addressing these structural challenges is imperative for Indonesia to fully integrate into the global value chain and achieve its vision under the Making Indonesia 4.0 roadmap.
Cultural Rights: A Bridge to Cosmopolitan Culture Nasution, Elyzabeth Bonethe
Verity: Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional (International Relations Journal) Vol. 17 No. 34 (2025): July-December
Publisher : Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/verity.v17i34.10699

Abstract

This paper examines the conceptual foundations of cultural rights by situating them within the evolving understanding of culture and the broader human rights discourse. Drawing from contemporary scholarship, the analysis demonstrates that culture has shifted from a static, group-bound notion toward a fluid, meaning-making process, a shift that significantly influences how cultural rights are theorized and justified. The paper identifies key strengths of cultural rights, including their ability to prevent human rights violations, protect minority communities from both forced assimilation and cultural oppression, preserve cultural diversity, and foster conditions for peaceful coexistence. At the same time, the paper highlights several conceptual limitations, such as the risks of cultural relativism, the instrumentalization of cultural rights by states, and the homogenizing pressures of globalization. By bringing these strengths and limitations into conversation with theories of cosmopolitanism, the paper argues that cultural rights have the potential to act as a bridge toward cosmopolitan culture—one characterized by mutual recognition, dialogue, and respect for diversity. Ultimately, this study suggests that while cultural rights are imperfect, their continued development and thoughtful implementation could meaningfully contribute to a more inclusive and globally connected cultural sphere.

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