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Journal of Islamic Architecture

JIA
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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

ISSN : 20862636 EISSN : 23564644 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Engineering,

Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Journal of Islamic Architecture (JIA) is a scientific publication for widespread research and criticism topics in Islamic architecture studies. JIA is published twice a year in June and December since June 2010 by International Center for Islamic Architecture from the Sunnah (CIAS), Department of Architecture Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia. One volume of JIA is published in two-year calendar.

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Articles 322 Documents

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ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERISTICS STUDY ON COMMUNITY MOSQUES IN PRIANGAN 1900 â€“ 1942 Istiqomah, Esti; Budi, Bambang Setia
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 2, No 4 (2013): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

AbstractPriangan was a region with a distinctive historical background and administrative unity. The region consisted of 7 regencies in present West Java Province. There were some old community mosques in the region. The aim of this paper is to formulate architectural characteristics of Priangan old community mosques and their overall development. Â The Â mosques Â are Â no Â longer Â observable Â today. Â Therefore, Â the Â study Â is Â referring Â to Â old documentations. The oldest available documentations of such mosques were presented in the form of photos from Dutch colonial era, after the ethical policy. Therefore, the study is limited from the year 1900 to 1942. Based on the photos, the mosques were resketched by outlining the intended variables, which are building mass, transitional space, and roof. There were some common architectural characteristics that can be concluded from Priangan Â old Â community mosques. TheÂ common characters are Â single Â mass,Â surrounding verandah, and two stacked pyramidal roof. On the overall development, the mosques showed the peak of architectural characteristics variations on the photos that were taken in the year 1925.Keywords: Â mosque, Priangan, colonial, characteristic, architectureÂ Â AbstrakPriangan Â merupakanÂ suatu Â wilayahÂ yang Â memiliki kesamaan Â latar Â historis Â dan Â pernah Â memiliki kesatuan administrasi. Wilayah ini meliputi 7 kabupaten di Provinsi Jawa Barat saat ini. Di wilayah tersebut terdapat masjid-masjid komunitas lama. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan karakteristik arsitektural masjid- masjid komunitas lama yang ada di Priangan serta kecenderungan perkembangan keseluruhannya. Masjid- masjid tersebut saat ini sudah tidak dapat diamati lagi di lapangan. Oleh karena itu, studi karakteristik dilakukan melalui sumber dokumentasi bersejarah. Dokumentasi masjid-masjid tersebut mulai muncul pada masa kolonial Belanda setelah politik etis dalam bentuk foto. Oleh karena itu, kurun waktu kajian dibatasi antara tahun 1900 hingga tahun 1942. Dari foto-foto tersebut, masjid kemudian di sketsa ulang untuk memperjelasÂ variabel-variabel Â yang Â akan Â dianalisis, Â yaitu Â massa, Â ruang, Â dan Â atap. Â Dari Â hasil Â analisis, didapatkan karakteristik arsitektural masjid komunitas lama di Priangan yang umum, yaitu memiliki massa tunggal, selasar keliling, dan atap tumpang 2 tumpuk. Kemudian dalam foto masjid-masjid yang diambil tahun1925, karakter arsitektural masjid menjadi semakin beragam.Â Â Kata kunci: masjid, Priangan, kolonial, karakteristik, arsitekturÂ

HOUSING AS AN EXPRESSION OF SELF-IDENTITY IN CONTEMPORARY ALGERIA: THE WORK OF EL-MINIAWY BROTHERS Bellal, Tahar
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 1, No 2 (2010): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

This paper tries to shed light on post-traditional environment in Algeria in a post global civilisation era. Some chosen projects implemented in some parts of the country are dealt with in relation to the expression of self identity through housing architecture. The focus of the work is on methods, achievements and implications of the projects. As from the seventies of the last century Algeria witnessed dramatic changes in its physical environment. The cities became the focus of international construction activities and many internationally renowned architects competed for large scale projects (Oscar Niemeyer, Ricardo Boffil, Kenzo Tang, etc). The projects chosen in this paper all deal with housing and include a housing scheme in Maadher near Msila, the second example in El Oued, the third is a housing project in Ouled Djellal. All of these projects by El Miniawy brothers disciples of the late Hassan Fathy, address critical aspects of the built environment. Yet one can consider these projects as representative of architectural thinking and activity in the country. This working paper reveals general aspects to gain comprehensive understanding, rather than statistical knowledge of Algerian built environment.

ANALYZING ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE VISUAL QUALITY IN BUSHEHR CITY; CASE STUDY: RELIGIOUS SPACE KAZERUNI BARHAH (HOSSEINIYE) Alalhesabi, Mehran; Hosseini, Seyyed Bagher; Nassabi, Fatemeh; Sedhpour, Bahram Saleh
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Islamic architecture can be studied from different aspects. This paper introduces a religious place in Bushehr city of Iran, aÂ Bahrah or Hosseiniye that is used in especial religious ceremony and was built a century ago and after recent renovations is still in use and applicable. The research tries to quantify and analyze itsÂ visual quality as an important quality in the built environment with a tool called isovist in Syntax 2D software. In this study isovist indexes of six different spaces have been evaluated in this. The research shows interesting findings of spatial form and location and its visibility; for example it shows that spaces with circulation role have more visibility also spaces of the higher floor show higher visibility than the ground floor. Â Keywords:Â Visibility analysis, Syntax2D, religious space, isovist, Barhah

UNIVERSITY LIFE AND AUSTRALIAN HOMES: THREE CASE STUDIES OF INTERNATIONAL MUSLIM STUDENTS IN BRISBANE Othman, Zulkeplee
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Despite a significant increase in enrolments of postgraduate international Muslim students within Australian universities, little is known about their perceptions of life within Australian homes while undertaking their studies. The aim of this study is to investigate the ways in which studentsâ€™ cultural and religious traditions affect their use of domestic spaces within the homes in which they reside. The research found that participants faced some minor difficulties in achieving privacy, maintaining modesty and extending hospitality while able to perform their daily activities in Australian designed homes. The findings suggest that greater research attention needs to be given to the development of Australian home designs that are adaptable to the needs of a multicultural society. Australian society encompasses diverse cultural customs and requirements with respect to home design, and these are yet to be explored.

On The Fabrication of Cultural Memory: History Theme Malls in Dubai Biln, John
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 4, No 1 (2016): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Dubai, one of the most mobile cities in the world, is rapidly cementing its image as a global city and icon of Islamic tolerance. Dubaiâ€™s economic opportunities, relative safety and geographic centrality in the heart of the Middle East make it attractive to a wide range of economic and political migrants from across the region. This article asks how a city which is overwhelmingly populated by members of a highly mobile and diverse non-citizen workforce could construct a plausible sense of collective memory, a fundamental requirement for any meaningful social cohesion. In considering this question, the article reviews two well-known history-themed commercial centers, Ibn Batutta Mall and the Khan Murjan in Wafi Mall. Each of these emphasize Arab-Islamic cultural heritage and the regionâ€™s long history of trade and transit. Both malls highlight culturally significant journeys documented in historical manuscripts. The article concludes that in constructing a complex experience which maps immediate spatial movement onto well-known travel narratives, the Ibn Battuta and Khan Murjan centers provide scaffolds for a cultural memory essentially â€œmade to orderâ€ for a population who share, if little else, a profound sense of dislocation, flow and perpetual movement.

Integrating Features of Islamic Traditional Home and Smart Home El Basyouni, Mona
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 4, No 3 (2017): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Architecture is a mirror that reflects the various elements of its environment and surroundings, such as climate, geographical characteristics, standard architectural principles, and social, cultural and scientific developments. Muslims of different regions were able, through architecture, to portray their temperaments and environments, free of external influence and guarantee life goals for users. Every day, building owners and occupants experience the constant challenges of comfort, convenience, cost, productivity, performance and sustainability. Owners, designers, builders, and operators are continuously faced with new processes, technologies and offerings to help them achieve better building performance. Since an intelligent building is run by a â€œsystem of systemsâ€ that is integrated to deliver a higher level of operational efficiency and an improved set of user-interface tools than are usually found in traditional building automation; at the other handÂ Arab homes with Islamic Identity guarantee all life goals for use.. Hence, this research focus on the smart environmental treatments of Islamic features for traditional architecture in Arabs homes, features of smart home and life goals for resident users.Trying to achieve a methodology combining them for enriching Arab experience of traditional architecture and its architectural results, with the modern trends of smart architecture. This combination aims at creating a residential model combining the benefits and features of Arab Islamic identity and intelligent design.Â

MAINTAINING OR NEGOTIATING IDENTITY: THE SOCIO-POLITICAL DYNAMICS OF COMMUNITY MOSQUES IN MALANG, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Putrie, Yulia Eka; Martokusumo, Widjaja; Budi, Bambang Setia
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

The contemporary dynamics of mosque development in Indonesia is closely related to the socio-political dynamics of various Islamic groups or organizations such as Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, etc. A great number of mosques in Indonesia have been built by Muslim communities affiliated to one of these Islamic groups. In this case, mosque architecture can be considered as one means of expression of the communitiesâ€™ specific identities which derived from their particular perspectives on the ideal picture of a mosque. However, there is also another case where a mosque is built by a heterogeneous Muslim community. In this context, the image of an ideal mosque becomes the object of negotiations among the diverse affiliated members. This paper discusses to what extent these socio-political dynamics affect the identity representation of community mosques in Malang, one of the regions in East Java where the dynamic interactions among various Islamic groups take place. The result shows that the attempts to represent identity in the community mosques are related to the socio-political dynamic of the Muslim communities. In the mosques of the specific groups, some architectural elements, such as the iconographic ornaments and colors, the spatial arrangement, and the specific features are maintained to represent their specific identities. However, in the mosques of the heterogeneous Muslim communities, these elements are negotiated and challenged by the community members. These negotiations could result, whether in the mutual understanding and tolerance, or in the space claim attempts by the dominant group through the domination of the activity systems, the role restrictions, and the physical control over the mosque.

THE FIQH OF THE IMAM AND CONGREGATION POSITION AS DESIGN GUIDELINES IN DESIGNING A VERTICAL MOSQUE Khamdevi, Muhammar
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

AbstractIn the books of hadeeth and fiqh, it has been narrated many instructions about the imam and congregation position, especially about the position between the imam and the congregation and about the farthest and highest distance of the last row. Suprisingly, if we look closely, these lead us to the possibility in designing a vertical mosque. That is important to address the problem of urban sprawl, where the buildings would have to be directed vertically to solve urban density and to avoid further loss of urban green space. But, is there any high restriction in the hadeeth and the fiqh? Would it be opposed to other hadeeths about the warning of vying to build a magnificent tall mosque? This paper discussed about the possibility in designing a vertical mosque in terms of islamic fiqh and architecture. The research aimed to create a design guideline for vertical mosque and to correct some misconceptions in designing a mosque. This research used a qualitative method, namely literature review. The outcome of this research is the guidelines in designing a vertical mosque.Keywords: Fiqh, Islamic Architecture, Imam and Congregation, MosqueÂ Â AbstrakDalam buku-buku hadits dan fiqh banyak diriwayatkan petunjuk-petunjuk mengenai posisi imam dan jamaah, terutama tentang posisi antara imam dan jamaah dan tentang jarak terjauh dan tertinggi dari baris shaf terakhir. Ternyata jika dicermati, ini membawa kita kepada kemungkinan dalam merancang sebuah masjid vertikal. Hal ini sangat penting untuk menjawab masalah urban sprawl, di mana bangunan harus diarahkan secara vertikal untuk mengatasi kepadatan kota dan menghindari kehilangan lebih lanjut dari ruang terbuka hijau. Tapi, apakah ada pembatasan tingginya pada hadits dan fiqh? Apakah itu akan bertentangan dengan hadits lain mengenai peringatan berlomba membangun masjid mewah dan tinggi? MakalahÂ ini membahas kemungkinan dalam merancang sebuah masjid vertikal dari segi fiqh islam dan arsitektur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat pedoman desain untuk masjid vertikal dan memperbaiki beberapa anggapan salah dalamÂ merancang Â masjid. Â Penelitian Â ini Â menggunakan Â metode Â kualitatif, Â yakni Â literatur Â review. Â Hasil penelitian ini adalah berupa pedoman desain dalam merancang sebuah masjid vertikal.Â Kata Kunci: Fiqh, Arsitektur Islam, Imam dan Jamaah, Masjid

KEDUDUKAN DAN FUNGSI MASJID AGUNG TERHADAP ALUN-ALUN KOTA MALANG Ramdlani, Subhan
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Identical to any inland cities in Java, Kota Malang also possesses an alun-alun in its downtown, completed with a Jamiâ€™ Mosque on the west side. This composition clearly shows some features of capital cityâ€™s typology in Java. Beside the similarity, some differences from the typology are also found in Alun-Alun Malang. The composition of Alun-Alun Kota Malang doesnâ€™t put the square as the main orientation of pendopo as the center of the government. Furthermore, the position and function of Jamiâ€™ Mosque are dynamically follows the existence of Alun-alun Kota Malang which grows simultaneously with the city development. Thus research about the positional and functional relationships between the Jamiâ€™ Mosque and the Alun-Alun needs to be held. A phenomenological approach is used for this research. Primary data is collected through interview with the users, analysts and observers of Alun-Alun in order to grasp an idea of their assumptions about the mosqueâ€™s function. Meanwhile, the secondary data is attempted to obtain historical data of Alun-alun Kota Malang, including the establishment and the expansions of Jamiâ€™ Mosque, especially when it became Grand Mosque of Kota Malang. The data were compared with the phenomenon which occurs at the moment, the desires and the needs of the user community, as well as the sustainability of function and position the mosque as the identity of alun-alun. The findings of this research are the functions of the Grand Mosque are closely related to the phenomenon of the Alun-Alunâ€™s development.

JERUSALEM: A TALE OF A CITY Mandour, M. Alaa
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 1, No 3 (2011): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

World class cities are few and far between, sometimes referred to as â€˜global citiesâ€™ or simply â€˜world citiesâ€™. There are no more than a dozen metropolitan areas in the world that can claim Â this kind of global status. London, Â New Â York, Â Paris, Â and Â Tokyo Â sit Â at Â the Â top Â of Â this Â world Â city Â hierarchy. They Â have Â enormous concentrations of economic, political, and cultural clout â€“ measured by such things as the number of corporate headquarters, the size of their stock exchanges, the presence of national and international political bodies, and their role in music, fashion, and other cultural activities. What would it take to make a city claimed by two nations and central to three religions â€œmerelyâ€ a city, a place of difference and diversity in which contending ideas and citizenries can co-exist in benign yet creative ways? The intractable conflicts in the Middle East and the cycle of violence among Israelis and Palestinians are deeply embedded in historical struggles over national sovereignty and the right to territory. For this reason, questions about whose state will prevail in what physical location have defined the terms of conflict and negotiation. This also has meant that most proposed solutions to Â â€œthe Â Middle Â East Â problemâ€ Â have Â revolved Â around Â competing Â claims Â of Â nation-states, Â their Â rights Â to existence, and their physical and juridically-sanctioned relationships to each other. While true generally, this framing of the problem has been especially dominant in the case of Jerusalem, a city that is geographically and historically an overlay of spaces and artifacts that carry deep meaning for competing peoples and nations. The current struggles of Palestinians and Israelis to each claim this hallowed ground as their capital city has added yet another layer of complexity, conflict, and political division, all of which is reflected in the competing/dual nomenclature Al-Quds/Jerusalem used to refer to the Â city â€“as well as the violence and contestation that continues to accelerate unabated. Â Keywords: two nations, three religions, Jerusalem

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