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Journal of Islamic Architecture

JIA
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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

ISSN : 20862636 EISSN : 23564644 DOI : -

Core Subject : Humanities, Art, Engineering,

Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

Journal of Islamic Architecture (JIA) is a scientific publication for widespread research and criticism topics in Islamic architecture studies. JIA is published twice a year in June and December since June 2010 by International Center for Islamic Architecture from the Sunnah (CIAS), Department of Architecture Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Indonesia. One volume of JIA is published in two-year calendar.

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Articles 322 Documents

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A Review on the Concepts of Traditional Architecture by Mulla Sadraâ€™s Al-Hikmat Al-Mota'alie Sheijani, Zeinab Soleimani; Sheijani, Seddighe Soleimani; Khakpour, Mojgan
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 4, No 4 (2017): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Paying little attention to the roots of today's architecture has departed the contemporary architecture from its conceptual origins. However, the single application of traditional architecture principles does not fulfill the demands of today's life. Although by peering into the traditional Iranian architecture, principles and specific ideas implicit in the Islamic wisdom of Iran are revealed. In addition to maintaining the values of traditional architecture, a new approach to architectural design can also be achieved by recognizing and integrating these principles with the necessities of today's life. The article aims to answer whether it is possible to create a link between the traditional Iranian architecture concepts and the principles of contemporary rational architecture, similar to what Mulla Sadra, the great Persian philosopher, created between the Iranian ancient wisdom and al-Hikmat al-Masha which was solely a rational philosophy. To achieve the mentioned aim, first Mulla Sadra's intellectual structure has been studied, after modeling al-Hikmat al-Mota'alie. Then the traditional architecture has been analyzed in order to recognize its being (al-Wojud) and essence (al-Mahiyat). The priority of being has been introduced in the next step, followed by levels of being. The next pace was to discuss the structure of Mulla Sadra's thinking method in architecture. The results of study indicate that the process of communication between ancient wisdom and al-Hikmat al-Mashaexplained by Sadra can be classified in two phases, cognizing and integrating. In the stage of integration Sadra used rational reasoning to prove the issues that have been obtained through intuition and the same trend can be applied in architecture. The intuitive aspects of traditional architecture can also be presented within the framework of today's rationalist architecture in two steps, including cognizing and integrating.Â

RECONSTRUCTING THE IDEA OF PRAYER SPACE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TEMPORARY PRAYING PLATFORM PROJECT OF 2ND YEAR ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS IN THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA (UKM) Utaberta, Nangkula; Bahar, Mohammad Arsyad
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 2, No 4 (2013): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

AbstractGod created human as caliph on this earth. Caliph means leader, care-taker and guardian. Therefore humans have an obligation to maintain, preserve and conserve this natural for future generations. Today we see a lot of damage that occurs in the earth caused by human behavior. Islam saw the whole of nature as a place of prayer that must be maintained its cleanliness and purity. Therefore as Muslims we need to preserve nature as we keep our place of prayer. The main objective of this paper is to re-questioning and re-interpreting the idea of sustainability in Islamic Architecture through a critical analysis of first project of 2nd year architecture student of UKM which is the â€œTemporary Praying Platformâ€. The discussion itself will be divided into three (3) main parts. The first part will be discussing contemporary issues in Islamic Architecture especially in the design of Mosques while the second part will expand the framework of sustainability in Islamic Architecture. The last part will be analyzing some sample of design submission by 2nd year students of UKM on the temporary praying platform project. It is expected that this paper can start a further discussion on the inner meaning in Islam and how it was implemented in the design of praying spaces in the future.Keywords: Â Sustainability, Islamic Architecture, Temporary Praying PlatformAbstrakTuhan menciptakan manusia sebagai khalifah di muka bumi ini. Khalifah berarti pemimpin, penjaga dan wali. Oleh karena itu, manusia memiliki kewajiban untuk memelihara, menjaga dan melestarikan alam ini untuk generasi mendatang. Sekaranginikitatelahmelihat banyak kerusakan yang terjadi di bumi yang disebabkan oleh perilaku manusia itu sendiri yang disebutkan sebagai khalifah di bumi. Islam melihat seluruh alam sebagai tempat beribadah yang harus dijaga kebersihan dan kemurniannya, oleh karena itu, sebagai umat Islam adalah perlu melestarikan alam seperti menjaga tempat ibadah mereka. Tujuan utama dari makalah ini adalah untuk mempertanyakan dan menafsirkan kembali gagasan keberlanjutan (sustainable) dalam Arsitektur Islam melalui analisis kritis tugasÂ pertama dari mahasiswa arsitektur angkatan Â tahun Â kedua dari Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), yaitu tugas perancangan " tempat beribadah sementara "atau â€œtemporary praying platformâ€ . Kajiandibagi menjadi tiga bagian utama. Bagian pertama akan membahas isu-isu kontemporer dalam Arsitektur Islam terutama dalam desain masjid. Kajian kedua adalah kerangka keberlanjutan dalam arsitektur Islam. Bagian ketiga adalah analisis dari beberapa sampel pengajuan desain oleh mahasiswa. Diharapkan tulisan ini dapat memulai diskusi lebih lanjut tentang makna batin dalam Islam dan bagaimana penerapannya dalam desain ruang beribadah yang sustainable.Kata kunci:Keberlanjutan, Arsitektur Islam, tempat beribadah sementaraÂ

SULTAN HASSAN MOSQUE: AN ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURAL WONDER ANALYTICAL STUDY OF DESIGN AND ITS EFFECT ON ISLAMIC CAIRO Kamal Ismail, Kareem Adel Mohamed
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 1, No 2 (2010): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Cities in 21st century are losing identity due to globalization and rapid urbanism. However, great architectural buildings like Sultan Hassan Mosque Complex show us that great architectural wonders can keep this identity and can affect positively in societyâ€™s life. The simple aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between architectural features and Islamic meanings in modern world through studying the past. The study is mainly based on two main sources of data, literature review regarding historical part and site visit dealing with discussion of architectural features, uses and effect on surroundings society. Based on these sources, analysis was made based on matrix relationship between two sets of criteria, architectural parts (design, usage, location, artistic features), and mosque significance in Islam (prayer house, community center, center of knowledge, meeting place for shoura). Findings proved the existence of consequent relationship between Islam and architecture, as Islamic principles affect the design of the mosque in religious, social, and service aspects. Alternatively, architectural building satisfies all Muslim needs. This dual effect situation shapes recommend-dations like enhancement of the multidimensional use of the mosque, strengthen the community service role of the mosque, and developing design of modern mosques to fulfill Muslim requirements with 21st century measures and also endorse Islamic values through architecture.

THE DYNAMICS OF THE FORM OF NUSANTARA MOSQUE: ARCHITECTURAL HOMOGENEITY VIS A VIS ARCHITECTURAL HYBRIDITY Wismantara, Pudji Pratitis
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 2, No 1 (2012): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

There are two points of departure in the design of mosque architecture in Nusantara, namely architectural homogeneity and architectural hybridity. Each provides the legitimacy of the architecture of identity formation. This paper seeks to explore the comparative, the concept of homogeneity and hybridity architecture, with a critical theory approach. TheÂ results of this search is, the concept of architectural homogeneity establishing assumption that certain architectural forms are supposed to represent "universal identity and modernity" of Muslim architecture. Meanwhile, the concept of architectural hybridity to show enrichment architecture identity because of the attempt to combine aspects of the universality of Islam with locality of Nusantara. Both these aspects can be positioned as the two subjects of mutual dialogue in a parallel position. As architecture strategy, the concept of hybridity reflects the effort or ijtihad in interpreting local and universal contextuality in the contemporary conditions that are constantly evolving and open.Keywords: Nusantara mosque, hybridity of architecture, homogeneity of architecture, architecture strategy

AUTHENTICITY, IDENTITY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN POST-WAR IRAQ: Reshaping the Urban Form of Erbil City Ibrahim, Rebwar; Mushatat, Sabah; Abdelmonem, Mohamed Gamal
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Issues of authenticity and identity are particularly significant in cities where social and cultural change is shaping active transformation of its urban fabric and structure in the post-war condition. In search of sustainable future, Iraqi cities are stretched between the two ends of the spectrum, authentic quarters with its traditional fabric and modern districts with their global sense of living. This paper interrogates the reciprocal influences and distinct qualities and sustainable performance of both authentic and modern quarters of Erbil, the capital of the Iraqi province of Kurdistan, as factors in shaping sustainable urban forms for Iraqi cities. In doing so, the paper, firstly, seeks to highlight the urban identity as an effective factor in relation to sustainable urban form. Secondly, the city of Erbil in Iraq has been chosen as a field study, due to its regional, social, political and historical role in the region. Thirdly, the study emphasises the dynamic activities and performance of residential projects according to rational sustainable criteria. The research concludes that urban identity and the sense of place in traditional and historical places should inform design strategies in order to achieve a more sustainable urban context.

Rationalizing the Permissibility of Mosque Decoration Omer, Spahic
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 4, No 1 (2016): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

This paper discusses the subject of mosque decoration and some of the criteria which determine its permissibility or otherwise. Some aspects of the matter are somewhat sensitive and double-edged. Thus, the paper presents an objective, balanced and scientific account of the theme, steering clear of the sentimental aspects of the evidences often put forth by both the proponents and opponents of mosque decoration. The main thrusts of the paper are the issues pertaining to the legitimacy of decoration in general, the subject of the function of mosques vis-Ã -vis their decoration, as well as the broad guidelines that regulate mosque decoration emphasizing the decoration of the mihrab (praying niche) area and the qiblah wall. The paper concludes that in principle mosque decoration is permissible so long as it conforms to the requirements of the Islamic spirituality and the quintessence of genuine Islamic art and architecture.

An Ancient Mosque In Ningbo, China â€œHistorical And Architectural Studyâ€ Hagras, Hamada Muhammed
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 4, No 3 (2017): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

With the rise of Tang dynasty (618â€“907), Ningbo was an important commercial city on the Chinese eastern coast. Arab merchants had an important role in trade relations between China and the West. Ningbo mosque was initially built in 1003 during Northern Song period by Muslims traders who had migrated from Arab lands to settle in China. Through ongoing research of representative Muslim architecture, such as Chinese Mosques, this paper seeks to shed light on the artistic features of this mosque. Many of the key characteristics of this distinctive ethnic heritage are based on commonly held religious beliefs and on the relationship between culture and religion. This paper aims to study the characteristics of Chinese mosques architecture, through studying one of the most important planning patterns of the traditional courtyards plan Known as Siheyuan, and it will also make a practical study on Ningbo Yuehu Mosque. The result of this study shows that the Ningbo Yuehu mosque is like Chinese mosques which follows essentially the norms of Chinese planning, layout design, and wooden structures.

INTEGRATION OF REVEALED KNOWLEDGE INTO DESIGN THINKING: AN URBAN DESIGN STUDIO EXPERIMENT Maharika, Ilya Fadjar
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

Integration of human knowledge principle has been widespread in the world of Islamic education, including in Indonesia. Partially seen as an attempt to build a school of thought of architecture education, the principle opens the discussion on the discursive level of design thinking. This paper reveals an explorative effort to translate the idea into a class experiment in an architectural design studio. This class experimental research uses a content analysis of studentsâ€™ reflective writing who involve the design process that deliberately begins with the introduction of revealed knowledge (Arabic: wahy) in Architectural Design Studio 7 at the Department of Architecture, Universitas Islam Indonesia. In conclusion, it has formulated a dynamic and multi-dimensional construction of design thinking based on the integration of knowledge

THE FARTHEST MOSQUE OR THE ALLEGED TEMPLE AN ANALYTIC STUDY Wazeri, Yehia Hassan
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

AbstractThe Farthest Mosque (Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa in Jerusalem) has been associated in the consciousness of the Muslims, with The Sacred Mosque (Al-Masjid Al-Haram in Makkah) through a spiritual bond since the event of Israâ€™ (Night Journey) and Mi`raj (Ascension to Heaven). The objective of this study is to determine the orientation of the Farthest Mosque and illustrate the similarity in geometric shape (plan) and proportions, between the Farthest Mosque in Jerusalem and the sacred mosque (Al-Ka`bah) in Makkah, in the first part of the research. The second part of the research involves a study of some texts from the Old Testament that address the architectural and structural descriptions of the alleged temple, with the purpose of exposing whether glaring contradictions exist between the texts of the Old Testament themselves or between them and the real architectural and structural facts acknowledged by specialists in this field.Keywords: The Farthest mosque, the Alleged Temple, Al-Ka`bah, geometric similarityÂ Â AbstrakMasjid tertua (Masjid al-Aqsa di Jarusalem) telah dihubungkan dalam kesadaran umat muslim, dengan masjid suci (Masjidil Haram di Mekah) melalui ikatan spiritual sejak kejadian Israâ€™ (perjalanan malam) dan Miâ€™raj (kenaikan Â ke Â surga).Â Tujuan Â dari Â kajian Â ini Â adalah Â untuk Â menentukan Â orientasi Â masjid Â tertua Â and menggambarkan kesamaan bentuk geometri (denah) dan proporsi, antara masjid tertua di Jarusalem dan masjid suci (Kaâ€™bah) di Mekah, di bagian pertama penelitian. Bagian kedua penelitian melibatkan kajian beberapa tulisan dari surat wasiat kuno yang mengarah kepada deskripsi arsitektural dan struktural kuil, dengan tujuan mengekspos baik kontradiksi yang mencolok antara tulisan surat wasiat kuno itu sendiri maupun di antara mereka, dan fakta arsitektural dan struktural yang nyata diakui oleh spesialis di lapanganÂ Kata kunci: masjid tertua, kuil, kaâ€™bah, kesamaan geometri

ANALISIS BIAYA PROJEK KONSTRUKSI DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYARIAH Sedayu, Agung
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 1, No 1 (2010): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

The monetary circulation in construction projects is very important to be analyse and evaluated from the perspective of islamic law. This is so because most construction companies were indicated practicing some methods which have no basis in Islam. Some of them are even legally done some practice which considered as forbidden in Islam, such as dishonesty, manipulations, and injustice acts. Moreover, in Indonesia most of construction companies are using a foreign method from the former collonial government. The methods are found to be generating conflicts between persons in the project, and therefore could damage the social relationship of human being. BOW Analysis, and SNI which developed from BOW are still used in Indonesia. Those methods are not able yet to stand for some essential human rights, especially for the projectsâ€™ labor. The same condition happens too in the modern-world analysis which have coeffecients in determining worker fee, such as Weibull Analysis. This very sophisticated analysis is unable to answer the economic problems of society. All these methods were developed under the capitalistic framework which only intended to obtain more individual benefit, without considering the loss resulted to other peopleâ€™s lives. Laborâ€™s payment is very low in this capitalistic construction analysis. They are assumed similar to machines and equipments which has a range of productivity. If they became unproductive after some period of time, they can be thrown easily without considering their lives needs. On the other side, economic system in Islamic law is provided with some solutions to answer all social and economical problems in the society. Shariah economic and management system which is applied in a construction corporationâ€™s system analysis and accountancy will bring great advantages, whether for its labor and company, or for society in general. Within the shariah construction management, all parties will reach Allahâ€™s blessing and gain benefits in both worldly life and the hereafter.

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