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MAINTAINING OR NEGOTIATING IDENTITY: THE SOCIO-POLITICAL DYNAMICS OF COMMUNITY MOSQUES IN MALANG, EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Putrie, Yulia Eka; Martokusumo, Widjaja; Budi, Bambang Setia
Journal of Islamic Architecture Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Journal of Islamic Architecture
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Maliki Malang

The contemporary dynamics of mosque development in Indonesia is closely related to the socio-political dynamics of various Islamic groups or organizations such as Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, etc. A great number of mosques in Indonesia have been built by Muslim communities affiliated to one of these Islamic groups. In this case, mosque architecture can be considered as one means of expression of the communitiesâ€™ specific identities which derived from their particular perspectives on the ideal picture of a mosque. However, there is also another case where a mosque is built by a heterogeneous Muslim community. In this context, the image of an ideal mosque becomes the object of negotiations among the diverse affiliated members. This paper discusses to what extent these socio-political dynamics affect the identity representation of community mosques in Malang, one of the regions in East Java where the dynamic interactions among various Islamic groups take place. The result shows that the attempts to represent identity in the community mosques are related to the socio-political dynamic of the Muslim communities. In the mosques of the specific groups, some architectural elements, such as the iconographic ornaments and colors, the spatial arrangement, and the specific features are maintained to represent their specific identities. However, in the mosques of the heterogeneous Muslim communities, these elements are negotiated and challenged by the community members. These negotiations could result, whether in the mutual understanding and tolerance, or in the space claim attempts by the dominant group through the domination of the activity systems, the role restrictions, and the physical control over the mosque.

Revitalisasi, Sebuah Pendekatan Dalam Peremajaan Kawasan Martokusumo, Widjaja
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol 19, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Services ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (671.211 KB)

Revitalisation is indeed an expression of institutionai policy as direct towards the structure of political hegemony and economical policy of a certain period of time. Sociocultural, environment and economic aspects have been the most important elements in creating sustainable environment. In essence, as a process revitalisation is an integrated effort to bring back the vitality of underused and deteriorated urban areas, while as a program it is a part of the urban development approaches. This paper does not intend to differentiate the terminology of renewal, rehabilitation and gentrification, but rather tries to highlight the role and position of revitalization in conjunction with renewal process. As this paper argued, each of terminology has a specific characteristic in urban development. Discussion also highlights the problem of gentrification in urban development process, which might have negative impacts in urban revitalization process. The issue of civil society and people empowerment in urban revitalization have been raised in connection with the democratization of urban planning and development mechanism.

Transformation of the Architecture of the City as an Impact of the Presence of University Campuses in Depok Prasidha, I Nyoman Teguh; Martokusumo, Widjaja; Lubis, Basauli Umar
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol 30, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Services ITB

The presence of a university in a city not only affects the activities of its citizens but also its physical environment. The establishment of a number of university campuses at the end of the 1980s in Depok caused a significant transformation of the architecture of the city. This paper focuses on the process and pattern of the transformation of the architecture of Depok city that have occurred in the areas surrounding the university campus, and the effect on its physical environment. The method of urban typo-morphology study was used to investigate the transformation process and pattern of transformation in the study location and the factors influencing them and their effect on the quality of the physical environment. This research revealed that the existence of university campuses had multiple effects on the physical environment of their surrounding areas. Uncontrollable changes in the elements of the architecture of the city have caused various unsafe conditions and a decline in the quality of its physical environment. The result of this research can be applied to deal with changes in the physical environment around the university campuses, and also for comparison to other cities with similar cases. Abstrak. Keberadaan universitas di suatu kota tidak hanya mempengaruhi kegiatan warganya, tetapi juga lingkungan fisiknya. Kehadiran beberapa kampus universitas pada akhir 1980-an di Depok, secara signifikan menyebabkan transformasi arsitektur kota. Makalah ini berfokus pada proses dan pola transformasi arsitektur kota Depok yang terjadi di kawasan sekitar kampus universitas dan pengaruhnya terhadap lingkungan fisiknya. Metode studi typo-morfologi perkotaan digunakan untuk menjawab masalah proses transformasi dan pola di lokasi penelitian dan masalah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses transformasi arsitektur kota di daerah tersebut dan pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas lingkungan fisik daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa keberadaan kampus universitas memiliki efek ganda pada lingkungan fisik daerah sekitarnya. Perubahan unsur arsitektur kota yang tidak terkendali telah menyebabkan berbagai kondisi tidak aman dan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan fisiknya. Hasil penelitian dapat diterapkan untuk menghadapi perubahan lingkungan fisik di sekitar kampus universitas dan juga sebagai perbandingan dengan kota-kota lain dengan kasus serupa.Kata Kunci. Transformasi, arsitektur kota, kampus universitas, Depok.

Revitalisasi dan Rancang Kota: Beberapa Catatan dan Konsep Penataan Kawasan Kota Berkelanjutan Martokusumo, Widjaja
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol 17, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Services ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (664.347 KB)

Urban development with its complexity is a permanent process of adjustment towards economic use of technology and development of socio-culture patterns. Changes due to globalization and modernization require a sensitive understanding in the way how people manage critical, and irreplaceable existing urban resources properly. Nowadays, this is clearly indicated by the emerging issues of sustainability and depletion of valuable resources in the discourse on urban design and development. In course of transformation process revitalization can be perceived as one of urban strategies. In essence, revitalization is an integrated effort to bring back the vitality of underused and deteriorated urban areas. The scope of revitalization is economic, socio-cultural and physical criteria for new investments, while the non-physical interventions, mostly dominated by economic and financial considerations, social rehabilitation etc., strive for sustainability of urban area. Basically, revitalization efforts try to enhance economic development, in such a way that maintenance and significant characteristics of a place will be guaranteed. This, urban revitalization efforts must be based on a comprehensive understanding of history, meaning and locality. Due to complexities of current urban problems urban design as this paper argues, is more than just physical design. While revitalization of urban quarters aims for renewal of economic use, urban design on the other hand plays an important role in shaping and giving directions on physical intervention in urban fabrics.

The Effect of Universal Design of Campus Facilities for Person with Disabilities (Case Study: Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta and University of Daegu, South Korea) Harahap, Rachmita Maun; Santosa, Imam; Martokusumo, Widjaja
International Humanities and Applied Science Journal Volume 2, Issue 2, 2019
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ihasj.2019.v2i2.01

Interiority is not just the science of interior design that meets the needs of function and aesthetics alone. Both of these are indeed the main 'task' in interior design. Each building is design and built to fulfill certain functions. Hotels, apartments, and houses for example, serves as a means of accommodation. Restaurant serves as a commercial building that meets the needs of food. A public building should be accessible and used by a variety of different needs. These buildings must be accessible to those who can see or not (blinds), walkers and wheelchair users, and those who are able to listen or not (deaf/hard of hearing). This paper is study of application of universal design that is accessible of campus buildings that function as container of Tri Dharma of Higher Education activity. The case studies taken in this research are Universitas Mercu Buana in West Jakarta and University of Daegu in South Korea. The study was conducted by studying the universal design of the two universities by considering two parameters, namely universal design and usability, by conducting literature studies and user interviews. From the results of the study it is found that universities in Daegu have made universal design and usability factors an important part of design, while Universitas Mercu Buana in West Jakarta hasn’t yet fully made these two factors as part of the design, with many facilities not being able to accessed and used universally well.

The Notion of Urban Cultural Landscape Concept From Landscape Architecture Perspective Dini Rosmalia; Widjaja Martokusumo
Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012): Jurnal Lanskap Indonesia
Publisher : http://arl.faperta.ipb.ac.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jli.v4i2.10622

Urban cultural landscape is a concept considered as new and still raises many arguments among scholars. This concept comes from terms of cultural landscape and first was revealed in 1925 by Sauer, a Geographer. Then this term has evolved to be a concept of urban cultural landscape after finding many countries in the world are interesting to propose their historic cities as a World Heritage Cultural Landscape. Currently, some researchers from geography, anthropolo-gy, economics, architecture and landscape architecture have tried to reveal the concept. However, generally the description of their concept is more in processing or exploring the establishment elements of urban cultural landscape, so as can be seen that the concept is not comprehensive yet and still partial in accordance with the scientific background. Therefore, this paper aims to reveal the concept of urban cultural landscape from different disci-plines to gain a comprehensive one. And to support the establishment of the concept, the paper uses a case study, which is Cirebon city as it is one of the unique and historic cities in Indonesia. The city has been established since 15th century. The establishment has been affected by social, cultural, political and economic impacts from various periods of rules (Sultanate Cerbon, Dutch Colonial and the Republic of Indonesia).of rule (Sultanate Cerbon, Dutch Colonial and the Republic of Indonesia). Keywords: Cirebon city, landscape elements, urban components

Revitalisasi, Sebuah Pendekatan Dalam Peremajaan Kawasan Widjaja Martokusumo
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 19 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Revitalisation is indeed an expression of institutionai policy as direct towards the structure of political hegemony and economical policy of a certain period of time. Sociocultural, environment and economic aspects have been the most important elements in creating sustainable environment. In essence, as a process revitalisation is an integrated effort to bring back the vitality of underused and deteriorated urban areas, while as a program it is a part of the urban development approaches. This paper does not intend to differentiate the terminology of renewal, rehabilitation and gentrification, but rather tries to highlight the role and position of revitalization in conjunction with renewal process. As this paper argued, each of terminology has a specific characteristic in urban development. Discussion also highlights the problem of gentrification in urban development process, which might have negative impacts in urban revitalization process. The issue of civil society and people empowerment in urban revitalization have been raised in connection with the democratization of urban planning and development mechanism.

Revitalisasi dan Rancang Kota: Beberapa Catatan dan Konsep Penataan Kawasan Kota Berkelanjutan Widjaja Martokusumo
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 17 No. 3 (2006)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Urban development with its complexity is a permanent process of adjustment towards economic use of technology and development of socio-culture patterns. Changes due to globalization and modernization require a sensitive understanding in the way how people manage critical, and irreplaceable existing urban resources properly. Nowadays, this is clearly indicated by the emerging issues of sustainability and depletion of valuable resources in the discourse on urban design and development. In course of transformation process revitalization can be perceived as one of urban strategies. In essence, revitalization is an integrated effort to bring back the vitality of underused and deteriorated urban areas. The scope of revitalization is economic, socio-cultural and physical criteria for new investments, while the non-physical interventions, mostly dominated by economic and financial considerations, social rehabilitation etc., strive for sustainability of urban area. Basically, revitalization efforts try to enhance economic development, in such a way that maintenance and significant characteristics of a place will be guaranteed. This, urban revitalization efforts must be based on a comprehensive understanding of history, meaning and locality. Due to complexities of current urban problems urban design as this paper argues, is more than just physical design. While revitalization of urban quarters aims for renewal of economic use, urban design on the other hand plays an important role in shaping and giving directions on physical intervention in urban fabrics.

Transformation of the Architecture of the City as an Impact of the Presence of University Campuses in Depok I Nyoman Teguh Prasidha; Widjaja Martokusumo; Basauli Umar Lubis
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 30 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jpwk.2019.30.1.6

The presence of a university in a city not only affects the activities of its citizens but also its physical environment. The establishment of a number of university campuses at the end of the 1980s in Depok caused a significant transformation of the architecture of the city. This paper focuses on the process and pattern of the transformation of the architecture of Depok city that have occurred in the areas surrounding the university campus, and the effect on its physical environment. The method of urban typo-morphology study was used to investigate the transformation process and pattern of transformation in the study location and the factors influencing them and their effect on the quality of the physical environment. This research revealed that the existence of university campuses had multiple effects on the physical environment of their surrounding areas. Uncontrollable changes in the elements of the architecture of the city have caused various unsafe conditions and a decline in the quality of its physical environment. The result of this research can be applied to deal with changes in the physical environment around the university campuses, and also for comparison to other cities with similar cases. Abstrak. Keberadaan universitas di suatu kota tidak hanya mempengaruhi kegiatan warganya, tetapi juga lingkungan fisiknya. Kehadiran beberapa kampus universitas pada akhir 1980-an di Depok, secara signifikan menyebabkan transformasi arsitektur kota. Makalah ini berfokus pada proses dan pola transformasi arsitektur kota Depok yang terjadi di kawasan sekitar kampus universitas dan pengaruhnya terhadap lingkungan fisiknya. Metode studi typo-morfologi perkotaan digunakan untuk menjawab masalah proses transformasi dan pola di lokasi penelitian dan masalah faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses transformasi arsitektur kota di daerah tersebut dan pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas lingkungan fisik daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa keberadaan kampus universitas memiliki efek ganda pada lingkungan fisik daerah sekitarnya. Perubahan unsur arsitektur kota yang tidak terkendali telah menyebabkan berbagai kondisi tidak aman dan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan fisiknya. Hasil penelitian dapat diterapkan untuk menghadapi perubahan lingkungan fisik di sekitar kampus universitas dan juga sebagai perbandingan dengan kota-kota lain dengan kasus serupa.Kata Kunci. Transformasi, arsitektur kota, kampus universitas, Depok.

Faktor-faktor penentu dalam sejarah transformasi perwujudan Bangunan tinggal Bali aga Ida Ayu Dyah Maharani; Imam Santosa; Prabu Wardono; Widjaja Martokusumo
Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies) Vol 7 No 2 (2017): BUDAYA EKONOMI BALI
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Bali Universitas Udayana

Bali Aga residential buildings which have a vernacular character believed to be built deliberately by humans as a shelter when they started to live settled in 8th to 13th century. The shape of Bali Aga residential buildings have a transformation in similarity and difference among Bali Aga villages, occur in each period of Bali Aga era in diachronic ways. This research traces the factors which influence that phenomenon. The Bali Aga era that rebranding attempted to an ancient, the new and the newest Bali Aga, show that transformation in the similarity and difference is not due to cultural overlapping only. The change of local environmental conditions and potential also affect it, in accordance with the vernacular concept. Both become the most important factors affecting the shape of Bali Aga residential buildings, which written in qualitative historiography method limited to the discussion about interior and façade of buildings.

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