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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Daya Gabung Inbrida Jagung Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan dan Nitrogen Rendah pada Pembentukan Varietas Hibrida Efendi, Roy; M., Andi Takdir; Azrai, Muhammad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Low maize grain yield due to drought and low N stresses maybe overcome by growing tolerance hybrid maize varieties. The objectives of this research were to analyze the combining ability of eight inbred lines possessing those traits and indentify suitable parental inbred lines which can be used to develop single cross hybrid tolerant to drought andÂ low nitrogen. Eight inbred lines were crossed using complete diallel cross design of Griffingâ€™s- I on Februry to June, 2014. Those inbred lines were 1044-30, DTPYC9-F46-3-9-1-1-B (for drought tolerance), MR 14 (medium drought tolerance), G20133077 (tolerant to low N), CY 11, CLRCY039 (medium tolerant to low N), and CY12 and G2013631 (for drought and low N sensitive). Fifty-six experimental hybrids derived from diallel crosses, eight inbred lines and four commercial hybrid varieties as checks were evaluated under managed drought, low dosage of N fertilization and under optimum condition, during the dry season (July to October) of 2014. Randomized complete block design three replications was used in each different stressÂ condition. The results showed that CY 11, G2013631, and MR 14 inbred lines possesed good general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield under drought, low N, and optimum conditions. These inbred lines also showed good GCA for the secondary traits such as large stem, delayed leaf rolling and late leaf senescence to support for high grain yield under drought stress and low N condition. Inbred lines of drought and low N sensitive such as G2013631, but had high GCA, could be used as parent to develop drought and low N tolerance hybrids if crossed with inbred lines having medium-tolerant to drought or tolerant to low N, such as G20133077, which had low DGU, or CY11 which had high GCA. Hybrid maize tolerantÂ toÂ droughtÂ andÂ tolerant to low N, such as CY11 x G20133077, G20133077 x G2013631, and CY 11 x G2013631, produced significantly higher grain yield, over 8 t/ha, under drought and under low N, as compared with hybrid varieties Bima 3 and Bisi 2, which yielded 5.91 and 6.59 t/ha under drought, and 6.82 and 7.01 t/ha under low N condition. Grain yields under optimum condition were positively correlated with those under both drought and low N conditions. The result suggests that it is possible for improving grain yield of hybrid maize, simultaneously for optimum, drought stress and low N conditions.

Keragaman Genetik Peronosclerospora maydis Penyebab Bulai pada Jagung Berdasarkan Analisis Marka SSR Muis, Amran; Pabendon, Marcia B.; Nonci, Nurnina; Waskito, Wahyu Purbowasito
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Downy mildew on maize in Indonesia had been reported infecting maize in all provinces and they are mostly caused by Peronosclerospora maydis, except in Sulawesi which is caused by P. philippinensis. The disease spreads very quickly because the conidia could be dispersed by the air movement. This study was aimed to determine the genetic diversity of the downy mildew pathogen in Indonesia using SSR markers, conducted from April to October 2012. The pathogens were sampled by collecting plants infected by downy mildew from Aceh, North Sumatra, Lampung, West Kalimantan, West Java, East Java and South Sulawesi. The SSR analysis results showed that the genetic similarity coefficient among the 67 isolates were quite high and the isolates formed three clusters, i.e. clusters A, B, and C and two sub-clusters within cluster A based on UPGMA, which were fairly obvious grouping of isolates based on conidial morphology. The sub-cluster A1, conidia shape was similar to that of P. philippinensis from South Sulawesi geographical area. The sub-cluster A2, conidia shape was similar to that of P. maydis from East Java, West Kalimantan, and Lampung. Cluster B consisted collection of pathogen DNA from specific areas, namely Aceh, Toraja and Simalungun (North Sumatra). Cluster C which formed conidia resemble to that of P. sorghi, derived from Langkat (North Sumatra) and Bogor (West Java).

Pengaruh Rakitan Teknologi Produksi Terhadap Hasil, Kelayakan Usaha Penangkaran Benih dan Daya Tumbuh Benih Kedelai Arifin, Zainal
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 2, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Implementation of soybean production technology of specific location with using high quality seeds of superior varieties is one of the important factors for achieving increased production of soybeans. This assessment was aimed to determine the effect of assembly seed production technology to yield, feasibility of seed breeding and viability. The experiment was conducted in lowland KP. Mojosari, Mojokerto regency which was held on dry season I 2013. Randomized experimental design with 6 replications in an area of 1.0 hectares was used in the experiment. The treatment consisted of five varieties, namely : (a) Anjasmoro, (b) Argomulyo, (c) Kaba, (d) Sinabung, and (e) Argomulyo (Farmer). Assessment of seed storage technology was conducted at Laboratory of Seed of AIAT East Java for 8. The result of study showed that the highest productivity was found in soybean medium seed type, namely Kaba varieties (2,41 t/ha of consumption seed and 1,96 t/ha labeled seed) and Sinabung (2,39 t/ha of consumption seed and 1,90 t/ha labeled seed) with each R/C value of 2,18 and 2,12 respectively, so that the seed breeding using the recommendation technology is economically feasible. The treatment of drying of large seed type (Anjasmoro and Argomulyo) and medium seed type (Kaba and Sinabung) had the viability > 80% with the retention period until the eighth month when the seeds are dried each 1 month with moisture content <10%. The cultivation technology and soybean storage Argomulyo way farmers without re-drying produce viability >80% which only occurs until the fourth month.

Takaran Optimal Pupuk NPKS, Dolomit, dan Pupuk Kandang pada Hasil Kedelai di Lahan Pasang Surut Taufiq, Abdullah; Wijanarko, Andy; Suyamto, Suyamto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Tidal swamp land has a good potential for soybean production. The main obstacle found on this land are low soil fertility, acidic reaction and high alluminium. The study was aimed to determine the optimal rate of fertilizer, and the effect of dolomite and manure on soybean yield on tidal swamp land. The experiment was conducted on a tidal land type C in Rantau Rasau, East Tanjung Jabung, Jambi Province, in 2009. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consisted of a combination of fertilizers N, P, K, S, dolomite, and manure. The results showed that a high soybean yield on the tidal land type C can be obtained by applying NPKS fertilizers, dolomite, and manure with a rate of 30-30-30-20 (N-P2O5-K2O-SO4) kg/ha or equivalent to 200 kg compound fertilizer/ha. The NPKS fertilizer can be reduced by 50%, if it is combined with 750 kg/ha of dolomite and 1000 kg/ha organic manure. Addition of dolomite and manure increased the efficiency of the NPKS fertilizer.

Pengaruh Pupuk Majemuk NPKS dan NPK terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi Sawah pada Inceptisol Hartatik, Wiwik; Widowati, Ladiyani Retno
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 3 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Rate of NPK fertilization on rice using NPK compound fertilizer needs to consider soil nutrient status and plant nutrient requirement. The research was aimed to determine the optimum rate of compound fertilizer and the effect of enriched S nutrient of NPKS compound (15-15-15-5S) and NPK compound fertilizer (15-15-15) on the growth and yield of rice. The experiments were conducted at two sites in Galuga, Ciampea Bogor, West Java from April to September 2013, using randomised complete block design with 3 replications. Experiment at site I consisted of 9 treatments: six levels of fertilizers NPKS i.e. 0; 150; 300; 450; 600; and 750 kg/ha, standard fertilizer, NPK compound fertilizer equivalent to standard, and standard fertilizer plus S. Rate of urea, SP-36, and KCl for standard fertilizer treatment was respectively 250, 75, and 50 kg/ha. At site II the treatments consisted of 6 levels of NPK compound fertilizer i.e. 0; 150; 300; 450; 600; and 750 kg/ha and the standard fertilizer with rate of 250 kg/ha of urea, 50 kg/ha SP-36, and 75 kg/ha KCl. Plot size was 4 m x 5 m planted with Ciherang variety. Data collection included chemical properties of soil before and after the experiment, plant height, number of tillers, straw weight, and dry grain weight and the nutrient uptake. The effectiveness of fertilizer was calculated by RAE (Relative Agronomic Effectiveness). Results showed that fertilizer NPKS (15-15-15-5S) at 600 kg/ha effectively increased dry grain weight from 3.63 t/ha to 4.67 t/ha, but was not significantly different from a standard fertilizer treatment. It increased dry grain weight by 29% compared to control. NPK fertilizer (15-15-15) effectively promoted growth and dry grain weight equivalent to standard fertilizer at rate of 300-750 kgha. The optimum rate of NPK compound fertilizer (15-15-15) was 440 kg/ha as was shown with the production performance of 4.12 t/ha with RAE by 58%. NPKS compound fertilizer with rate of 750 kg/ha showed the highest uptake of N, P, and K nutrients and significantly increased the available P in the soil. Whereas NPK compound fertilizer with a rate of 600 kg/ha indicated the highest P nutrient uptake. Fertilizer enrichment with sulfur on NPKS fertilizer (15-15-15-5S) did not significant affect on grain dry weight.

Kombinasi Ekstrak Rimpang Jahe dengan Insektisida Fipronil untuk Pengendalian Hama Trips pada Kacang Hijau Indiati, S. W.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Thrips, Megalurothrips usitatus is an important pest on mungbean. Severe attack by thrips causes yield losses up to 64%. Control measure by combining the use of botanical and synthetic insecticides is expected to reduce the amount use of synthetic insecticides. The research was aimed to obtain the proper time and frequency applications of botanical and synthetic insecticides, most effectively control the thrips on mungbean. The research was conducted at Muneng research station during dry season of 2012. The treatment were arranged on randomized block design, three replications of 10 treatments. New mungbean varieties, Vima-1 was planted on plot of 20 m x 3 m, with 40 cm x 15 cm spacing, two plants per hill. Fertilization of 45 kg Urea + 45 kg SP36 + 50 kg KCl/ha were applied at planting. Observations were made on thrips populations, damages caused by thrips attack, grain yield and yield components. Results showed that the use of fipronil 2 ml/l at 10 days after planting (DAP) followed by application of ginger rhizome extract 20 g/l at 17; 24; 31 DAP and the use of fipronil 2 ml/l at 10 and 17 DAP followed by application of ginger rhizome extract 20 g/l at 24 and 31 DAP effective to control thrips, equivalent with the use of fipronil 2 ml / l at 10; 17; 24; 31 DAP . The use of ginger extract as botanical insecticide reduces the use of synthetic insecticide thus maintains the quality of environment by reducing the insecticide residue.

Penampilan Fenotipik dan Stabilitas Sorgum Manis untuk Bahan Baku Bioetanol Pabendon, Marcia B.; Mas'ud, S.; Sarungallo, Rosalia S.; Nur, Amin
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic performance of promising lines sweet stalk sorghum to produce high yield of ethanol different agroecological zones. Eleven genotipes and three check varieties of sweet sorghum were tested in eight different locations in four provinces in Indonesia, namely Sidrap and Bulukumba (South Sulawesi), Polman and Majene (West Sulawesi), Telaga and Biyonga (Gorontalo), and Kendalpayak and Tajiran (East Java) from July until December 2009. The combined analysis of variance showed that the effect of genotypes, locations, interaction of genotipes and locations, were significant for all traits. Based on the phenotypic performance five genotipes with high yield of ethanol were identified. Yield ethanol was high up to 4536 l/ha much higher than those of three check varities. Genotypes Watar Hammu Putih, 4-183A, 15011A, 15011B, and 15021A yielded ethanol from the fermentation process amounted to 6616 l, 4999 l, 5927 l, 5732 l, and 6653 l/ha. The high were ethanol production from each genotype was supported by characters that were relatively different, but the most dominant was the weight of biomass stem per ha, with the coefficient of correlation of 0.92. Stability analysis identified four characters, namely brix sugar content, production of ethanol per hectare, weight of stem biomass, and grain yield per ha. The five promising genotipes with high ethanol yields, were adaptive to spesific loacations. Genotypes 5-193C had wide range of adaptation across the 8 locations, but ethanol production was lower than that check cultivar. Genotype with the highest grain yield was 1090A.

Evaluasi Pemupukan Urea Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan Untuk Tanaman Padi Kasno, Antonius; Rostaman, Tia
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 3 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Nitrogen is the main macro nutrients that are needed rice crops, without it the yield of rice equal with rice without fertilizers. Fertilization without taking into consideration characteristics of the soilÂ caused changes in soil nutrient imbalances. Response of plant to nitrogen fertilization changed the imbalanceÂ nutrient in the soil, so the evaluation of urea fertilization need to be done. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the urea fertilization for rice in rainfed areas. The study was conducted in six locationsÂ Andong, Jakenan, Cibeber, Gabus, Panimbang and Sukadana during the dry season in 2015 and 2016. Urea fertilization is part of the N, P, K fertilizer experiment which carried out with aÂ randomized complete block design with four levels of N fertilizer dose. The dose level of N fertilizer were 0, 200, 300, and 400 kg urea/ha, which is repeated three times. In addition to urea as treatment, each plot of treatment added 125 kg SP-36 and 100 kg KCl per ha. The results showed that the majority of the rainfed areas containing N low. N fertilizer significant increased of plant height between 12.9 â€“ 32.4 cm, number of tillers from 3.3 to 8.6 stems, weight of dried grain harvest from 1.93 â€“ 5.00 t/ha, weight of grain dry milled 1.52-2.59 t/ha, and dry straw weight increase between 2.29 to 3.17 t/ha. The optimum dose of urea fertilizer for rice rainfed areas ranged between 200-300 kg urea/ha. Dose of fertilizer based on productivity of the rice is still relevant is used as a basis for the create of urea fertilizer recommendation.

Komponen Hasil dan Karakter Morfologi Penentu Hasil Kedelai Hakim, Lukman
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 3 (2012): Desember 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Ten soybean genotypes representing improved varieties and promising lines were grown on wetland after rice at Muara Experimental Farm, Bogor, West Java, during the 2010 dry season. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Each of the genotypes was grown in a 2 m x 4.5 m plot at a 40 cm x 15 cm plant spacing, two plants per hill. Results of the data analyses showed that among the yield components, plant height, number of pods per plant, and harvest index were positively correlated with grain yield. The direct effects of plant height, number of pods per plant, and harvest index on grain yield as indicated by the path coefficient were the highest, while the effect of other yield components were either small or negative. The yield variation (IR2) not attributable to the ten yield component variables was high (53.66%). Based on the analyses, soybean genotypes with high grain yield should have sufficient plant height, high number of pods per plant, and high harvest index. Therefore, plant height, number of pods per plant, and harvest index could be used as criteria for selection of high yielding genotypes in the soybean breeding program.

Seleksi Galur Kacang Tanah Adaptif pada Lahan Kering Masam Kasno, Astanto; Trustinah, Trustinah; Rahmiana, A. A.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Increasing production of groundnut through the opening of new land is considered as the best option available. The remaining land available for groundnut, however, is an acid dry land. Groundnut selection for acid soil tolerance through a preliminary yield test consisted of 100 advance lines was done in Natar Experimental Farm, Lampung, in the early dry season (MaretJuni) of 2010. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The selected lines were then grown in South Lampung and East Lampung Districts during the late dry seasons (July-November) of 2010. The second experiment was done using a strip plot design with two replications. Applying the principal component analyses of 14 characters from the first experiment found nine characters that had KMO (Kaiser-MeyerOlkin) values higher than 0.5 and significant according to the Bartlettâ€™s test. Six of the 9 characters had high loading factors, and they were competent for further analysis. To facilitate simultaneous selection of the six characters, a cluster analysis was applied and was able to distinguish lines into three groups consisted of 27, 24, and 39 lines respectively. Finally, 8, 1, and 17 lines were selected from each of the groups. Two check varieties, Landak and Turangga, were included in group one, while variety Jerapah was included in group three. Potential yields of the selected lines ranged from 2.5 to 3.6 t dry pods/ha with scores of leaf spot disease ranged from 4.7 to 6.0 (resistant to moderately resistant). Using 10% intensity of selection, 17 lines were selected that combined both locations test (low and high Al saturated). The selected lines will be tested further in an adaptation yield trial for two seasons in various locations prior to the release as new varieties adapted to dry acid soil.

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