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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Evaluasi Molekuler dan Lapangan terhadap Galur-galur Padi Berumur Genjah dan Produktivitas Tinggi Turunan Ciherang Prasetiyono, Joko; Dadang, Ahmad; Maâ€™sumah, Maâ€™sumah; Tasliah, Tasliah; Fatimah, Fatimah; Silitonga, Tiur Sudiaty
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Improving Ciherang rice variety for earliness and higher productivity was obtained using Marker Assisted Backcrossing (MAB). Among 78 lines of BC2F4 generation of Ciherang x Nipponbare were obtained from greenhouse and molekuler analysis selection. Field evaluations were conducted at two locations, namely field station of Sukamandi (Indonesian Center for Rice Research, West Java), and field station of Maros (Indonesian Cereals Research Institute, South Sulawesi). Molecular analysis was performed using markers RM1362 and RM7601 which are flanking markers for the QTL region for Hd2 gene, located on chromosome 7. Flowering time and grain yield were evaluated among BC2 F4 lines. Five lines flowered earlier and yielded higher than Ciherang were selected for background analysis using microsatellites covering the rice chromosomes. The earliest flowering line was BC2F4 CihNip-60 (at 74 days, 4 days earlier than that of Ciherang), and the highest yield (which flowered earlier than Ciherang) was BC2 F4 CihNip-23, namely (2.20 t/ha higher than Ciherang). A total of 74 (95%) BC2 F4 lines showed QTL region of Hd2 gene in homozygous condition. This showed that molecular selection from F1 generation of BC2 F4 was able to identify homozygous gens and almost free of contaminant plant. Genetic backgrounds of the five BC2 F2 selected lines were similar to that of Ciherang. Based on the agronomic and molecular marker, twenty five lines of BC2 F4 flowered earlier than did Ciherang and yielded higher than did Ciherang. These lines should be further evaluated for their stability

Adaptasi Beberapa Varietas Jagung pada Agroekosistem Lahan Kering di Maluku Kaihatu, Sheny Sandra; Pesireron, Marietje
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 2 (2016): Agustus 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize has an important role in the national economy, but at some area, including in Maluku, the productivity is still low, below its potential productivity. The productivity of maize could be improved by planting high yielding and adaptive variety to the local environment. Study was conducted in the Haruru village, District Amahai, Central Maluku, from March to August 2012 aimed to identify maize varieties adaptive on dry land agro ecosystem. The study used randomized block design, replicated three times, where farmersâ€™ fields were used as replications. The varieties tested were Srikandi Kuning, Gumarang, and Sukmaraga composites varieties. Bima-2 and Bima-2 (hybrid varieties) and Mutiara, Ungu Hati Putih, Merah, Orange Hati Putih, and Orange Hati Merah (local variety, obtained from farmersâ€™ fields in the district of MTB). Fertilizers were drilled, 5-7 cm on the side of plant at a rate of 135 kg N, 90 kg P2O5, 60 kg K2O and 1-2 t manure/ha. Variables to be measured were percentage of surviving plants, age at 50% of male flowering, age at 50% of female flowering, plant height, ear height, cob length, cob weight, cob diameter, number of rows/ear, seed number per ear row, 100-seed weight, weight of dry grains, moisture content, and grain yield. Results showed that local varieties indicated a better growth, but grain yield were superior for the hybrid and the composite varieties. Bima-4 hybrid variety produced 10.31 t/ha dry grain, followed by Bima-2 hybrid and the composite varieties of Sukmaraga, Srikandi Kuning, and Gumarang, each was 8.70 t/ha, 7.97 t/ha, 7.60 t/ha and 7.26 t/ha, respectively. Local varieties Mutiara, Orange Hati Putih, Merah, Orange Hati Merah, and Ungu Hati Putih each yielded only 3.74 t/ha, 3.32 t/ha, 3.07 t/ha, 3.02 t/ha and 2.45 t/ha respectively.

Penyaringan Cepat dan Toleransi Tanaman Jagung terhadap Intensitas Cahaya Rendah Syafruddin, Syafruddin; Suwarti, Suwarti; Azrai, M.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize cropping under plantation tree crop has a potential for increasing the national maize production. Environment under the tree crops has relatively low light intensity, which hinder the leaf photosynthesis. Therefore, research to identify maize genotypes tolerant to low light intensity was conducted. The research was carried out in three stages; stage-1 was to identify the most effective shading method to be used for the rapid screening, consisted of two treatments, namely: 87.5% and 99.9% light interception. Stage-2 was rapid screening of 160 maize genotypes at germination stage, under the dark room to select tolerance genotypes. The stage-3 was to study physiological mechanism of maize growth under low light intensity stress by planting nine tolerant and susceptible genotypes. The results showed that rapid screening of maize for tolerant to low light intensity stress can be done by growing newly germinating maize for 8 days in the dark room. Genotypes G02 x 7; CY 15 x MAL03; AP.1 x 1042-37; B11 x 265-A; MR12 x MAL04; MR14 x 270C; G02 x 5; AMB07 x CML161 and 1044-9 x 1027-11 were found to be tolerant to low light intensity stress. Growing maize seedling in the dark room had decreased chlorophyll content, carbohydrates and fat, however, the Nitrogen (N) content in the leaves increased. Tolerance genotypes response to low light intensity was indicated by decreasing chlorophyll, carbohydrates and fat content, as well as increasing Nitrogen content, much less than those of susceptible genotypes.

Optimasi Produksi Benih Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Hibrida dengan Aplikasi GA3 Wahyuni, Mela; Surahman, Memen; Qadir, Abdul; Satoto, Satoto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 3 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The low production of hybrid rice seed is influenced by the syncronized of flowering time between CMS and restorer. One of several ways to syncronize both two CMS and restorer was use gibberellins. Gibberellins as growth regulator worked by triggered plant growth and flowering. The objective of this research was to obtain the optimal concentration of GA3 to support theÂ increase hibryd rice seed production. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design based on randomized complete block design. The first factor was three hybrid rice varieties (V) i.e. V1 Hipa-8 (A1 and PK91), V2 Hipa-14 (A7 and PK92) and V3 Jatim-3 (A6 and PK88) belong to the Center for Rice Research (BB Padi) as the main plot and the second factor was four level concentrations of gibberellins (GA3) i.e. G0 (without GA3), G1 (GA3 150 ppm) G2 (GA3 200 ppm) and G3 (GA3 250 ppm) as a subplot. The treatment wasÂ performed by spraying GA3 with spray volume of one liter per a plot on the female and male parent. The results of experiment showed that concentrations of GA3 treatment significantly increased plant height, angle of floret opening and decreased number of empty spikelets. The treatment interaction of GA3 concentration and variety significantly effected on percentage of increasing plant height and productivity. The highest productivity was rice hibryd ofÂ A7 (Hipa-14) of 1 000 kg/ha with application of 200 ppm GA3.

Ketahanan Genotipe Padi terhadap Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Patotipe III, IV, dan VIII Susanto, Untung; Sudir, Sudir
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 2 (2012): Agustus 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Testing of resistance to dominant BLB pathotypes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) bacterium were carried out on 22 IRBB isogenic lines (IL), 22 local varieties (LV), 6 new varieties (NV), one differential variety, and 49 F1 crosses of IL with NV, IL with local varieties or LV with NV. The study was conducted in the screened field of Indonesian Center for Rice Research in Sukamandi during the Dry Season of 2010 and Wet Season of 2010/ 2011. Each of the experiments was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Three dominant pathotypes of Xoo were tested, i.e. pathotype III, IV, and VIII. The results showed that for Xoo pathotype III, there were three ILs reacted moderately resistant (MR), 18 lines moderately susceptible (MS), one line susceptible (S), 15 local varieties resistant (R) and 7 MR; 4 new varieties were R and one new variety was MR, while 48 F1 were R and one F1 line was R. Reactions of the rice genotypes to Xoo pathotype IV indicated two isogenic lines were MR, 20 isogenic lines were S, four local varieties were MS and 18 varieties were S, 6 F1 lines were MR, one F1 line was MS, 38 F1 were line S and 4 F1 line highly susceptible (HS), one new variety was MS, four new varieties were S, and one new variety was HS. Resistance to pathotype IV was a complex trait that needs specific genetic combination. Reactions of rice genotypes to Xoo pathotype VIII showed 14 isogenic lines were MS and 8 were S; 5 local varieties were MR, 10 were S, and 7 were S; 16 F1 lines were R, 25 F1 lines were MR, and 8 F1 lines were MS. IRBB10 (Xa10) and IRBB64 (Xa4 + xa5 + Xa7 + Xa21) were each more resistant to Xoo pathotypes III, IV, and VIII than the other isogenic lines. The defferential variety Java 14 (Xa1, xa3, Xa12) showed MR reaction to Xoo pathotypes III, IV and VIII, and was potential to be used as a donor parent in breeding for broad spectrum resistance to BLB.

Efektivitas Formulasi Spora Bacillus subtilis B12 sebagai Agen Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Tanaman Padi Wartono, Wartono; Giyanto, Giyanto; Mutaqin, Kikin H.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Bacterial leaf blight control in rice (Oryza sativa Lin.) using bactericide is prohibitive, due to its high cost and its negative effect on the environment. Biocontrol when avaible, therefore is the best alternative solution. Bacillus subtilis is a perspective of biocontrol agent to control several plant diseases, because of its ability to produce antimicrobial and produce plant growth promoting substances. This research was aimed to examine the effectiveness of B. subtilis spore formulation by way of seed treatments and foliar sprays, using different frequencies and concentrations, to control bacterial leaf blight disease (BLB) on rice, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, and to evaluate its function as plant growth promoter. The experiments were conducted at greenhouse and in the field using factorial design. At the greenhouse experiment, seed treatment and foliar spray, using concentration of 2% produced better result in controlling BLB, and better result on promoting rice plant growth. In the field experiment, application at 2 week interval showed better effect on suppressing the the disease and on increasing yield. Applications of the formulation of B. subtilis B12 spore reduced BLB disease by 21% and potentially increased yield up to 50%.

Distinguishing Rice Genotypes using Morphological, Agronomical, Susanto, Untung; Rohmah, Nofi Anisatun; Mejaya, Made Jana
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Complete data on characteristics of a rice variety is very important toÂ race the authenticity of the variety at the field. Sometimes a name of a variety had changed, due to the informalÂ seed distribution among farmers. This could become problem in the property right of the variety. Distinguishing among rice varieties using only morphological and agronomical traits are sometimes not sufficient. Currently, molecular markers such as SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) and SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers have become available and are powerfull to distinguish rice genotypes. This research was aimed to distinguish nine rice varieties grown by farmers, using morphological characters (47 traits), agronomical characters (9 traits), SSR markers (12 primer pairs, related with important traits of rice plant), and 384 SNP markers, and to compare the effectiveness of each technique in distinguishing among genotypes. A field experiment was conducted in Ranca Jaya village, Patok Beusi, Subang, West Java during Wet Season (WS) of 2011/2012, using a Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications. A modified CTAB method was used to extract DNA for detection using 12 SSR markers and 384 SNP markers. The results revealed that the use of SSR markers that were linked to certain genes was more accurate than that of the SNP markers, agronomic, and morphological characters, in distinguishing differences among the 9 rice genotypes. The complete data of morphologic, agronomic, and molecular are useful to distinguish the authenticity of a variety in order to protect the intelectual property right attached on the variety.

Penggunaan Herbisida untuk Pengendalian Gulma pada Budi Daya Kedelai Jenuh Air di Lahan Pasang Surut Perkasa, Achmad Yozar; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Guntoro, Dwi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Weed is a problem on the soybean saturated culture in tidal swamp land. The objective of this study was to obtain the most effective herbicide for weed control on soybean planted under saturated culture in the tidal swamp land. Research was conducted in tidal swamp land at Banyu Urip village, Tanjung Lago districs, Banyuasin, South Sumatra Province, from July to December 2013, using a randomized block design consisted, of the eight treatments, with three replications. The treatments were: control (P0), manual weeding 4 weeks after planting (P1), paraquat 2 l/ha 4 weeks after planting (P2), glyphosate 3 l/ha 4 after planting (P3), oxyfluorfen 2 l/ha 3 days before planting (P4), oxyfluorfen 3 days before planting 2 l/ha followed application of paraquat 4 weeks after planting 2 l/ha (P5), oxyfluorfen 3 days before planting 2 l/ha followed application of glyphosate 4 weeks after planting 3 l/ha (P6), penoxulam 1 l/ha 2 weeks after planting (P7). Results showed that herbicide paraquat effectively suppressed total dry weight of weeds at 4, 6, and 8 weeks after planting. Cyperus iria was the most dominant weed in the field, with Sum Dominance Ratio 37.7%. The highest soybean productivity was 3.7 t/ha obtained from glyphosate treatment. Pre-emergence herbicide applications should be done prior to soybean planting and the post-emergence herbicide application must be done carefully by using nozzle lid to prevent toxicity to the crop plants.

Evaluasi Mutu Beras dalam Penentuan Pola Preferensi Konsumen terhadap Beras di Pulau Jawa Mardiah, Zahara; Rakhmi, Ami Teja; Indrasari, Siti Dewi; Kusbiantoro, Bram
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 3 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Java is the most populated areas as well as the highest consumers of rice in Indonesia. Until now, rice which is widely consumed by the population of Java Island is still dominated by Ciherang, while planting the same varieties in long period time will cause ... This research aims to study the patterns of consumer preferences in Java on rice as one of the considerations for dissemination and assembly of new varieties. Evaluation is done by conducting sensory and physicochemical analysis on the five most widely purchased rice of each province on Java island. Hedonic and ranking test was assessed by 1000 panelists that were scattered in five provinces in Java. While the physicochemical analysis carried out in the Proximate Laboratory in Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR), Sukamandi. In general, consumer preferences in each province in Java has a similar pattern except in DIY. Consumers in Java prefers rice with intermediate amylose content except those in DIY who like low amylose rice. Gelatinization temperature of rice is mostly high gelatinization temperature except those in DIY that dominated by low gelatinization temperature rice. Moreover, rice color influences consumer preferences in Java except on consumers in the West Java who chose the rice was not based on the level of rice white color.

Pengaruh Aplikasi Rizobakteri dan Pupuk Fosfat terhadap Produktivitas dan Mutu Fisiologis Benih Jagung Hibrida Hipi, Awaludin; Surahman, Memen; Ilyas, Satriyas; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize productivity could be improved by using good quality of seed of high yielding hybrid varieties. The objective of this research was to study the effect of rhizobacteria and P fertilizer on physiological quality of maize hybrid seed and maize productivity. The experiment was conducted at Lembar Village, West Lombok District, West Nusa Tenggara Province and at Seed Science and Technology Laboratory IPB from April to December 2012. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plot was P fertilizer (untreated, 50 kg, 100 kg, 150 kg, and 200 kg SP36/ha), and the subplot was rhizobacteria treatments (untreated, rhizobacteria B42, and rhizobacteria ATS4). The results showed that application of 100 kg SP36/ha increased maize yield compared to that of unfertilized. Rizhobacteria ATS4 increased plant height and productivity of maize. Application of ATS4 rhizobacteria followed by 100 kg SP36/ha fertilizer increased the percentage of good quality seeds. Application of rhizobacteria could reduce the use of SP36 fertilizer up 50% of the recommended rate. Rizobakteri ATS4 and fertilizer P 100 kg SP36/ha increased the physiological quality of harvested seeds after four month storage at 21-25oC temperature and 53-62% relatif humidity.

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