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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Alat Pengusang Cepat IPB 77-1 MM untuk Penapisan Vigor Daya Simpan Benih Kedelai Terryana, Rerenstradika Tizar; Suhartanto, M. R.; Qadir, Abdul
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 3 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Accelerated Aging Machine â€œIPB 77-1 MMâ€ could be used for soybean seed screening based on the seed storability vigor. The aim of the research was to identify simple, fast and accurate accelerated aging method using accelerated aging machine IPB 77-1 MM. Two methods of accelerated aging test (physical and chemical treatment) were applied to seeds of Anjasmoro soybean variety. The best accelerated aging method was then used to screen seed storability vigor of 23 soybean varieties. Seed storability vigor of 23 soybean varieties were detected using accelerated aging machine IPB 77-1 MM and each was compared with the seed storability vigor of those stored 10 weeks in controlled storage. Results of the experiment showed that using chemical or physical treatment on accelerated aging process were able to decrease seed vigor, but chemical treatment decreased seed vigor faster, more simple and more practical. Accelerated aging machine IPB 77-1 MM could also be used for screening varietal seed storability vigor of soybean using electrical conductivity test.

Keragaman Virulensi dan Konstruksi Molekuler Virus Tungro pada Padi dari Daerah Endemis Praptana, R. Heru; Sumardiyono, Y. B.; Hartono, Sedyo; Trisyono, Y. Andi; Widiarta, I Nyoman
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 2 (2014): Agustus 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Tungro is an important disease of rice, constraining to the rice production in Indonesia. Tungro is caused by the infection of two different viruses namely tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and tungro spherical virus (RTSV). Both viruses are only transmitted by green leafhoppers, especially Nephotettix virescens in a semipersistent manner. The variation of tungro viruses from different areas had been reported, and there is a specific relationship between resistance variety and tungro virus isolate. It is important therefore, to study the virulences and the genetic diversities of tungro viruses derived from the endemic areas in Indonesia. This study was aimed to identify the virulence and the molecular diversity of tungro viruses from endemic areas in Indonesia. Susceptible variety TN1 was used in the study. Surveys and collection of the infected plants and green leafhoppers were conducted in some tungro endemic areas, including: West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Artificial virus transmission using test tube method was used in the virulence test. Green leafhoppers caught from the field were used as vector transmitters. The virulence of tungro viruses was determined based on diseases indexes (DI). Results showed that the virulence of tungro viruses varied among region in the endemic areas in Indonesia. The Central Java virus isolate was the most virulence; however, not all isolates from endemic areas in the island of Java were more virulent than those from outside of Java. The presence of RTBV and RTSV was detected in the infected TN1 plants. The existences of molecular diversities of tungro viruses from the endemic areas were observed. The relationship between combination of DNA bands of RTBV and RTSV with the virulence in endemic areas outside of Java was more complex than it was in West Java and Central Java. The molecular diversities of tungro viruses were not correlated with the geographic difference of the endemic areas, nor with the virulences.

Identifikasi Varietas Berdasarkan Warna dan Tekstur Permukaan Beras Menggunakan Pengolahan Citra Digital dan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Adnan, Adnan; Suhartini, Suhartini; Kusbiantoro, Bram
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 2 (2013): Agustus 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Research on milled rice color and texture using digital image processing technique is becoming important, due to its potential use as a basic method for rice derived variety identification. The research was aimed to identify milled rice of varieties Basmati, Inpari 1, and Sintanur using color and texture analysis based on digital image processing. A combination of color and texture analysis was used as input parameter and then analyzed in the next step using the artificial neural network (ANN) to determine input parameter that has the highest accuracy level. The experiment was conducted at Merauke Experiment Station, Papua Institute for Agriculture Assessment Technology from May to July 2011. The materials used were milled rice of varieties Basmati 370, Inpari 1, and Sintanur that were previously grown at Sukamandi Experiment Station of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR). All samples were qualified as grade 1 based on SNI 6128:2008. Fifty image samples were taken from each variety to get a total of 150 images to be analyzed for their colors and textures using the digital image processing. The color and texture data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further tested using the Duncanâ€™s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to obtain the median, while the data spread was analyzed using the boxplot method. The combination of color and texture as input parameters were analyzed using the ANN. One hundred and five rice data were used for training and 45 data were for testing. The results showed that the digital image processing and ANN recognized three output parameters in rice varieties of Basmati, Inpari 1, and Sintanur. Texture analysis with five input parameters were considered the best factor to be used in the ANN model with 100% accuracy.

Pemanfaatan Pembenah Tanah dan Mikroba Pelarut P untuk Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pupuk NPK pada Usahatani Jagung di Lahan Kering Masam Soelaeman, Yoyo; Maswar, Maswar; Haryati, Umi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize farming on an acid upland soil generally gives high priority to the use of chemical/NPK fertilizers. Application of organic soil amendments and P (phosphate) solubilizing microbes in maize farming on an acid upland soil were expected to substitute the use of NPK fertilizer without reducing the yields. The research aims was to study the effectiveness of biochar, cow dunk and P solubilizing microbes applications to substitute NPK fertilizers application as shown on the growth and productivity of maize (var. P 27), Relatively Agronomic Effectivenes (RAE) and B/C ratio. The research was conducted from January to June 2014 on an acid upland soil at Tamanbogo Experimental Farm, East Lampung District using randomized block design with four replications. The treatment consisted of Control (T1), NPK fertilizer recommendation dose (T2); biochar 5 t/ha + 50% of NPK recommendation dose (T3); P solubilizing microbes 5 g/plant + 50% of NPK recommendation dose (T4); Cow dunk 5 t/ha + 50% of NPK recommendation dose (T5) and biochar 5 t/ha + P solubilizing microbes of 5 g/plant + cow dunk 5 t/ha + 50% of NPK recommendation dose (T6). The results showed that the combination of NPK fertilizer at a dose of 50% of NPK recommendation + cow dunk at a dose of 5 t/ha (T5), showed the best growth and productivity of P27 maize with B/C ratio of 2.10.

Pembentukan Galur Mandul Jantan Baru Padi Hibrida Tahan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri dan Hama Wereng Batang Coklat Nugraha, Yudhistira; Munarso, Yuniati P.; Satoto, Satoto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The presently available cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) commonly used to develop rice hybrids in Indonesia are susceptible to major pests and diseases. Research was conducted to develop new cytoplasmic male sterile lines which are highly resistant to major pests and diseases. Two new cytoplasmic male sterile rice lines, GMJ4A and GMJ5A, were developed using backcross method, derived from crosses of BP455G-PN-13-2-1-1-10-MR-3-1 and B11005E-MR-4-2-1, which were identified as completely sterile on a test cross nursery. The following season, sterile F1 generations were successively backcrossed until stable sterile plants were obtained in 2006. Seeds of the two cytoplasmic sterile lines were mass produced at Muara, Bogor, in 2006. GMJ4A and GMJ5A are resistant to bacterial leaf blight patotipe IV and VIII. Both lines are resistant to brown plant hopper in the green house test with scores of 1 to 3. The hybrid combinations involving GMJ4A and GMJ5A were evaluated in an observational yield test at Muara during dry season of 2007 and at Kuningan in dry season 2009. The level of grain yield heterosis were better than the check varieties. These two lines are expected to be used as a replacement for the existing CMS lines.

Keragaman Mutu Pati Beberapa Varietas Jagung Suarni, Suarni; Firmansyah, I. U.; Aqil, M.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Corn-based industry requires information on physicochemical properties and functional characteristics of starch. The Information is useful as an indication of each corn variety for its usage. Corn starch characterization was done in the ICERI Laboratory of Food Processing and Chemistry Service, Maros, South Sulawesi. The starch was extracted using the wet method, and then the resulting starch was analyzed for its proximate composition, physicochemical and functional properties. The results showed that the characteristics of starch from all varieties, including moisture, ash, starch, and degree whiteness satisfied the SII (Indonesian Industrial Standard). From the eleven samples that were evaluated could be classified into three criteria, namely: low amylose content 3.98-6.87% (waxy), moderate amylose content 23.26-24.85% (Local Takalar, Anoman), slightly high amylose content 30.60-31.85% (Srikandi Putih, Srikandi kuning) and high amylose content 45.87-48.29% (Palakka, Krisna, Bisma, Lamuru). Starch components of amylose correlated with functional property and amylograf property, while the protein and fat each did not show meaningful correlation. The information obtained from this research is useful as a database of corn starch characteristic which is useful for the future corn processing and also as reference for further research.

Daya Gabung Inbred Jagung Pulut untuk Pembentukan Varietas Hibrida Santoso, Sigit Budi; H.G, M. Yasin; Faesal, Faesal
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Plant breeder utilizes performance of the experimental hybrid to study the effect of inbred parents on the hybrid development. Combining ability analyses using diallel mating indicates the potential heterosis effect on their hybrid combinations, which could be used in the breeding programs. Griffingâ€™s model II was used to measure the responses of F1 hybrids relative to the parents and the overall F1 performances. The experiment consisted of 8 waxy corn inbred parents each was crossed in half-diallel combinations, resulting of 36 entries, including the inbred parents. The entries were set in a randomized complete block design with two replications, 2 rows (5 m) for each plot. Research was conducted in Gowa District of South Sulawesi from April to July 2012. The objectives of the research were to obtain the phenotypic correlation, General Combining Ability (GCA), Spesific Combining ability (SCA) and the heterosis effect of the parents. Results showed there were significant effects of genotypes on all traits, except for the number of kernels per ear row. The highest phenotypic correlation for grain yield was with the ear diameter (r = 0.86). The GCA effect among genotypes for grain yield was not significant, but for the 1,000 seed weight, ear length, and ear diameter, each was significant. The highest GCA was obtained by P8, of 38,375 for 1,000 seed weight. The SCA was significant for yield and yield components, except for the row number per ear and kernel per ear row. The highest SCA was indicated by P1xP5, and the hybrid yielded 2.29 t/ha, with the mid parents heterosis of 71%. But, the highest grain yield of the hybrid was obtained by P4 x P8 of 2.32 t/ha with 51% heterosis. Based on the yield and SCA value, two spesifik hybrid combinations (P1 x P5; P4 x P8) were considered a good potential for waxy corn hybrid development

Mikroanalisis Kandungan Senyawa Fenolik Total Ekstrak Biji Kedelai dengan Reagen Folin-Ciocalteu Yusnawan, Eriyanto; Utomo, Joko S
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

One of the roles of phenolic compounds is as chemical defense system to inhibit the growth ofpathogen infection.Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) reagent is used to estimate total phenolic compounds spectrophotometrically. Microanalysis of the phenolic compounds using FC reagent is still limited.This study, therefore, aimed to develop a rapid method to estimate total phenolic compounds insoybean seed extract in a 96-well microplate. Optimum kinetic reaction was achieved after 90minutes of incubation. Response of 25 â€“ 1.000 Âµg ml-1 of gallic acid was linear (r = 0.99). Hundredsof samples could be analysed using the microplate 2 format in limited time, such as when workingwith soybean germplasm collection.

Heritabilitas dan Harapan Kemajuan Genetik Beberapa Karakter Kuantitatif Populasi Galur F4 Kedelai Hasil Persilangan Hakim, Lukman; Suyamto, Suyamto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The F4 soybean progenies derived from two cross combinations and their three parent varieties were evaluated for their heritability and expected genetic advances of quantitative traits, at Ngale Experimental Station, Ngawi, East Java during the dry season of 2009. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Seeds of each F4 progenies and their parents were sown in two rows of 4.5 m length of plots with a 40 cm x 15 cm plant spacing, two plants/hill. Plant population of each F4 progenies and their parents were 120 plants in each replication. Among the characters observed, seed yield per plant, number of pods per plant, and days to maturity had the highest coefficient of variability, with the means of 50.4%, 47.4% and 43.9%, respectively. Number of branches, number of nodes per plant and days to flowering had the lowest coefficient of variability, and the means were 14.0%, 14.3% and 17.2%, respectively. The heritability estimates of the 8 quantitative characters ranged from 19.4% to 55.9%. Plant height, number of pods per plant, and days to maturity had the highest heritability estimates for the two crosses, namely 55.9%, 51.5% and 41.2%, respectively. The mean heritability estimate for seed yield per plant and number of nodes per plant were the lowest, namely 19.7% and 19.4%, respectively. Based on the F4 data, selection on the number of pods per plant had the highest expected genetic advances of 41.8%, followed by the days to maturity (40.7%) and the plant height (38.0%). The mean of expected genetic advances for the number of branches and the number of nodes per plant were the lowest, namely 13.7% and 13.5%, respectively. In relation to the grain yield, the mean heritability estimate for seed yield per plant was low (19.7%). However, considerable genetic variability (50.4%) and genetic advances (35.8%) was present on the seed yield per plant.

Stabilitas Hasil Jagung Pulut Bersari Bebas pada Dataran Rendah Tropis HG, M Yasin; Santoso, Sigit Budi; Faesal, Faesal; Talanca, A Haris; Mejaya, Made J
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 3 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The young cob of waxy corn is consumed like sweet corn, however, waxy corn is glutinous and delicious because due to the low content of amylose which is less than 10.0%. The yield of waxy corn is commonly low around 2.0-3.0 t/ha and early maturity which is harvested in 85 days. Therefore, the yield has been improved through the intra population improvement S1 families selection. Nine genotypes were evaluated to select good population adapted under lowland condition in central corn production. The aims of reseach were to find of population (g) of maize waxy corn which good stability and average yieled was more than average in all locations. Randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted in five district (e) of central corn production (Maros, Polman, Manado, Probolinggo, Pakanbaru) on dry and wet season (s) under lowland in 2011. The spacing 75x20 cm, one plant per hill, genotypes was planted in 5.0 m lenght in four rows, and fertilized with Urea, SP36 and KCL (300-200-100) kg/ha. The yield stability was founded significant of interaction genotype x environment x season (g x e x s) and yield be increase if good environment also would increase (b>1.0) and average yield>total average in evt. The result showed that population PMS-D (Pulut Muneng Synthetics with grain texture of dent) be founded of yield 5.56 t/ha and 5.82 t/ha under wet and dry season or more than 17.0% than local check varieties (PH). Simple correlatin of yield PMS-D were significant on weight of seeds, ears weight, number of seeds in ear, and 1000 weight of seeds. There are not significant correlation of yield with amylase, carbo hydrate, protein and fat. The characterâ€™s of population was score one on plant aspect, husk cover, and ear aspect. The position of ear was middle of plant height, flowering in 45 days. The best population of PMS-D would be promising as new candidate of open pollinated variety and could increase farmers income than local waxy variety.

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