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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Kelayakan Usahatani Ubi Jalar dengan Penerapan Teknologi Pengguludan di Lahan Kering Masam di Lampung Prasetiaswati, Nila; Radjit, Budhi Santoso
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 3 (2012): Desember 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

An experiment was carried out at Natar Experiment Station, South Lampung, from March to June 2010. The objective of the research was to identify technical and economic feasibilities of sweet potato farming system on a dry acid soil using improved ridging technology. The technologies tested were: (1) use of large ridges (60 cm high) with a 125 cm x 20 cm plant spacing without breaking down the ridges, and (2) use of small ridges (30 cm high) with a 100 cm x 25 cm plant spacing and followed by breaking down the ridges, and the common farm practice as control. Sweet potato varieties Sawentar and local Kuning Banyuwangi were used in this experiment. The fertilizers applied in the improved technologies were at rate of 300 kg urea + 200 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl + 500 kg dolomite + 4 t manure per ha. Results of the experiment showed that yields of sweet potato varieties grown on large ridges were higher than those grown on the small ridge. Variety Sawentar that was grown on large ridges yielded 18.68 t/ha and on small ridges 14.43 t/ha fresh tubers, with benefits of Rp 16,090,000 (B/C ratio 2.22) dan Rp10,987,500 (B/C ratio 1.56) respectively. The local variety Kuning Banyuwangi produced lower yield than that of Sawentar on both of the improved technology with B/C ratios less than 1.0. Variety Sawentar that was grown on the small ridge gave MBCR up to 3.09, hence this technology could be recommended to be applied in the dry land acid soil.

Pengaruh Interaksi Genotipe dan Lingkungan terhadap Hasil Kacang Hijau Trustinah, Trustinah; Iswanto, Rudi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Genotype x Environment Interaction (GEI) is a common phenomena, causing differences in grain yield ranking of genotypes among environments. Identification of genotypes that are stable and adaptive to specific environment is important in cultivar development. Nineteen mungbean genotypes were tested at 8 locations, namely Ngawi, Demak, and Probolinggo in dry season of 2011, and Ngawi, Demak, Probolinggo, Gresik and Lamongan in dry season of 2012. The trial was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Each genotype was planted on plot size of 4 m x 4 m (10 rows, 4 m long), with a spacing of 40 cm x 10 cm, two plants/hill. The data were analyzed using the MSTAC program. Analyses on genotype x environment interaction, stability, and adaptability were done referring to Eberhart and Russell (1966), while biplot analyses were done using the AMMI program. The effect of genotype x environment interaction, and the genotype x environment (linear) interaction which was significant to yield were important in determining the yield stability of mungbean genotypes. Locations contributed the highest to the total variance (71.7%), followed by genotype x environment interaction (25.1%). The average yields of the mungbean genotypes at eight locations ranged from 1.25 to 2.15 t/ha, and the average yield across locations of each mungbean genotype ranged from 1.59 to 1.80 t/ha. Two lines were considered as stable genotypes and with high yields, namely G12 and G17. Genotypes G5 and G6 were stable and adapted to optimal environment, while G4 was adapted to sub-optimal environment. All genotypes were considered stable based on both AMMI also stable on regression techniques.

Daya Gabung Galur-galur Jagung Berkualitas Protein Tinggi Azrai, Muhammad; Mejaya, Made Jana; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Quality Protein Maize (QPM) is a special maize functioning as source of carbohydrate and protein, which contain protein components lysine and tryptophan higher than that of normal maize. Experiment was carried out to evaluate the combining abilities of inbred lines introgressed with opaque-2 mutant gene and their hybrid performances on grain yield and other agronomic characters. Genotype test consisted of eight lines, eight testers, sixty four hybrid crosses between lines x tester and four check varieties. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design, with two replications, on the lowland in Walenreng (Bone) and on dry land in Bajeng (Gowa). Variance analyses were done following the line x tester model. Results showed that the effect of genotype x location interactions were significant for ear weight and yield characters. The grain yields of three lines showed positive and significant general combining ability those were Nei9008+o2-09 (L1), Nei9008+o2-14 (L3) and Nei9008 + o2-27 (L7), but for the tester was only MR10+o2-31 (T7). Another eight crosses were showing significant effect for specific combining ability, but only combination of Nei9008+o2-09 and o2+MR10-31 lines was significantly superior to all check hybrids.

Evaluasi Galur Kedelai Transgenik Toleran Aluminium pada Fasilitas Uji Terbatas Pardal, Saptowo J.; Suharsono, Suharsono
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 2 (2016): Agustus 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Some acid soil is potential for the agricultural development. Constraints for soybean production in the acid soils are Aluminum toxicity and macro nutrient deficiencies. Breeding for soybean varieties tolerant to acid soil is needed. This could be made through genetic engineering, by inserting acid tolerance genes into a soybean genome. Thirty one soybean lines (T0) had been obtained by insertion of Al tolerance genes (MaMt2) through an Agrobacterium mediated transformation, which nine of them contained MaMt2 gene based on PCR test. Further evaluation of those lines was carried out in the Biosafety Containment, where four T1 soybean lines were carrying MaMt2 gene, namely line GM2, GM5, GM10 and GM14. The study was aimed to evaluate the degree of tolerance of T2 generation of GM2, GM5, GM10 and GM14 lines to Al toxicity. Results showed that T2 line were able to grow in hygromicin media, indicating that those T2 lines were containing hygromicin resistant gene (hptII). Phenotypic analysis of T2 lines in four acid soil media treatments indicated that all lines could survive and grow on acid soil without liming and adding compost. GM2 line grew best on the acid medium than did other lines.

Daya Saing dan Faktor Determinan Usahatani Kedelai di Lahan Sawah Krisdiana, Ruly
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The objective of the study was to identify competitive advantages and determinant factors for soybean farming in wetland. Research was conducted during the 2010 cropping season in Banyuwangi and Pasuruan Regencies (East Java) and in Demak and Wonogiri Regencies (Central Java) using the survey method. One hundred and twenty eight respondents representing food crop farmers were sampled randomly, including soybean, maize, groundnut, and mungbeans farmers. Results of the study showed that in general the competitive advantage of soybean was lower than that of maize, groundnut, and mungbean. However, in East Java, soybean had higher competitive advantage than groundnut. When the soybean productivity reached 2.183 t/ha with soybean price Rp 5,558/kg in East Java, and soybean productivity 1.672 t/ha with price Rp 5,191/kg in Central Java, soybean crop gave a higher competitive advantage over the other food crops. Similarly, when the soybean price increased to Rp 7,441/kg with soybean productivity of 1,631 t/ha in East Java, or to Rp 7,029/kg with productivity of 1,235 t/ha in Central Java, soybean had a better competitive advantage over the other crops. Soybean farming in East Java was more profitable than that in Central Java. Soybean production cost per unit in East Java was Rp 775/kg with a benefit Rp 3,644/kg and an R/C ratio of 3.19, while the production cost in Central Java was Rp 1,090/kg with a benefit Rp 1,911/kg and an R/C ratio 1.59. The determinant factors for farmers to select soybean for cropping over other crops were: (1) low cost of soybean production; (2) easy marketing and high selling price of soybean, and (3) relatively easy crop cultivation. Other factors to be considered by farmers were: (1) availability of seeds, and (2) the availability of seed support from the government. In the major soybean production areas of East Java and Central Java, farmers grow soybean due to its suitability with the agroecology and the local cropping pattern.

Efektivitas Mikroba Probiotik dalam Formulasi Pasta dan Cair terhadap Mutu Benih dan Pertumbuhan Jagung Hibrida Paturohman, Eman; Surahman, M.; Setiawan, A.; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 3 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The improvement of soil quality and agricultural increase using probiotic microbes have been proven in a variety of commodities including maize. The study was conducted to obtain the best formulation of microbial probiotic that is able to maintain seed quality and support the growth of hybrid maize (F1). The research was conducted at the Seed Science and Technology Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural University and continued in the experimental garden of Cikarawang, Kec. Dramaga, Kab. Bogor in March-December 2016. The two formulations of paste and liquid also six combinations of probiotic microbes were tested for viability and the seeds vigor using CRD two factor three replications. The experiment was continued by testing it effects toward plant growth with a split split plot design on three replications. The treatment factors were augmented with the use of NP fertilizer in 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% doses from the recommended doses. The six combinations of probiotic microbes used include: I1 (P24-AzL7), I2 (P24-AzL9), I3 (B28-AcCKB4), I4 (P24-AcCKB9), I5 (P24-AcCKB20), and I6 (P24-AcCKW5). The result shows that the paste formulation is more effective against the speed and synchronization of germination, while the liquid formulation is more effective against seed viability. The suitability of microbial probiotic formulation is influenced by microbial type and nutrient availability of plants. The formulations are not toxic for microbes and safe for seeds, so they are potentially further developed.

Tingkat Adaptasi Beberapa Varietas Kedelai terhadap Naungan Sundari, Titik; A.S., Gatut Wahyu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 2 (2012): Agustus 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The aim of this research was to identify adaptability of 7 soybean varieties under five levels of shading. The soybean varieties tested were Tanggamus, Pangrango, Sinabung, Willis, Ijen, Lokon, and Malabar, while the five shading treatments were: no shading (N0), 15%-15% (N1), 30%-15% (N2), 45%-15% (N3), and 60%-15% (N4). The trial in each shading environment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The data collected were growth variables (leaf numbers, plant heights, and stem diameters), number of filled pods, and seed yields. Data of the seed yields were analyzed using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis method. Results showed that adaptability of soybean varieties to different levels of shading varied. Based on the interaction Ammi-1 biplot graph, variety Ijen was not suitable to be grown under shading environment. Varieties Sinabung and Wilis were more suitable for low level of shading environment (15%); Malabar was more suitable for moderate level of shading (45%), and Lokon was more suitable for planting under shading (60%) condition. Variety Pangrango was considered as adaptive to all levels of shading environments.

Analisis Nilai Tengah Generasi untuk Umur Panen Keturunan Persilangan Tiga Varietas Kedelai A.S., Gatut Wahyu; Mangoendidjojo, W.; Yudono, P.; Kasno, A.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 1 (2015): April 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Genetic parameters of a character, which is estimated using genetic analysis approach, is important in a character improvement. The aim of this research was to examine the gene action of days to maturity character on soybean using generation mean analysis. The research consisted two steps, first was preparing four populations (F1, BC1.1, BC1.2 and F2) of three single crosses, i.e. Nanti Ã— Grobogan, Grobogan Ã— Malabar, and Nanti Ã— Malabar. The second step was testing those populations consisting of P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1.1 and BC1.2 in the field at Jambegede Experimental Station, Malang, East Java, from July to September 2009. The results showed that there were interaction between the gene loci on the inheritance of days to maturity, from the three cross combinations under study. The role of additive gene action and the influence of dominant inheritance contributed jointly, affecting days to maturity of early maturity (Grobogan) and early maturity (Malabar) cross. The crossing of very late maturity (Nanti) with early maturity (Grobogan or Malabar) showed that early maturity was probably controlled by additive recessive genes.

Daya Hasil dan Stabilitas Ratun Galur Padi pada Lahan Pasang Surut Sinaga, Parlin H.; Trikoesoemaningtyas, Trikoesoemaningtyas; Sopandie, Didy; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The study was aimed to determine the productivityÂ and yield stability of ratoon rice genotypes in three environmentsÂ and to obtain rice genotypes suistable for ratoonning on specificÂ environment of tidal land. The experiment was designed in aÂ randomized complete block with three replicates. Seedling wasÂ planted at 21 days old with spacing of 20 x 20 cm, one seedling perÂ hill. Plants were harvested 30 days after heading by cutting at aÂ height of 10 cm from the soil surface. One day after harvest, theÂ land was irrigated as high as 3 cm and fertilized with Urea 50 kg/ha, TSP 30 kg/ha, and KCl 25 kg/ha. Yield stability was analyzedÂ according to Eberhart and Russel (1966). Ratoons were sensitiveÂ to the environmental changes. Genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S,Â and IPB 3S produced the main crop + ratoon grain yield of 5.26 t/ha, 5.14 t/ha, and 5.64 t/ha dry milling grain (DMG), respectively.Â Based on yield of the main crop + ratoon, IPB97-F-13-1-1 and IPBÂ 4S was each considered as adaptable to the suboptimum conditionÂ (bi<1). Ratoon crop yield of genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S, andÂ IPB 3S each was the highest in three locations. The ratoon cropÂ contribution to the rice production was from 31.3% to 61.9% to theÂ main crop.

Preferensi Petani terhadap Jagung Hibrida Berdasarkan Karakter Agronomik, Produktivitas, dan Keuntungan Usahatani Biba, M. Arsyad
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Some hybrid maize varieties had been adopted by farmers, but farmers responded differently toward each variety. The objective of the present study was to know the farmersâ€™ responses to hybrid variety based on agronomic characters, productivity, and income among four hybrid maize, namely N-35, BISI-2, BIMA-3, and SHS-11 variety. The research was conducted in Takalar regency, South Sulawesi from March to November 2014. Sampling method was purposive, the number of respondents were 60 farmers. Information were derived from primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through survey and interview using structured questionaires. Technical analysis using R/C ratio was presented on tables then discussed in a descriptive-qualitative. Results showed that farmers planted BIMA-3 variety were able to obtain yield of 9.5 t/ha at 16% of moisture content, gaining the highest profit of Rp 15,875,000/ha. The superiority of BIMA-3 were its germination was better, the seed cost was cheaper, resistant to downey-mildew and stemborer, tolerant to drought stress, produced higher yields and its biomass stayed green, so that it was suitable for animal feeding. Variety N-35, BISI-2, and SHS-11 were not resistant to downey-mildew disease, the yields ranged from 6.9 t/ha to 7.9 t/ha, and their biomass were not stayed green. The highest R/C ratio was obtained from BIMA-3 (2.71), followed by BISI-2 (2.61), N-35 (2.53), SHS-11 (2.44) and OPVs (2.33). B/C Ratio of BIMA-3 was (1.71), BISI-2 (1.61), N-35 (1.53), SHS-11 (1.44), OPVs (1.33), and MBCR of BIMA-3 (2.13), BISI-2 (2.04), N-35 (1.86), and SHS-11(1.64). Therefore, BIMA-3 hybrid variety could be recommended for maize farming in South Sulawesi.

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