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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Dosis Pupuk dan Jarak Tanam Optimal Varietas Unggul Baru Padi Ikhwani, Ikhwani
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Yield performance of rice varieties could be increased by optimizing plant spacing and fertilizer rate. The experiment was aimed to study the response of new rice varieties to fertilizer rates and plant spacing in two seasons (April 2012-April 2013) at farmerâ€™s field, in Cianjur district, West Java. The experiment was arranged in a split-split plot design with 3 replications. The main plots were fertilizer rates: P1 was the present local recommendation (Urea = 100 kg/ha, Phonska= 300 kg/ha; organic fertilizer = 500 kg/ha), applied at 14 days after transplanting. P2 was the proposed recommended rate, based on SIPAPUKDI, Urea = 320 kg/ha, SP36 = 70 kg/ha, KCl = 130 kg/ha, applied at 7 dat, 21 dat and 42 dat (before flower initiation stage). Sub plots were plant spacing; T1 was local practice (equal spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm) and T2 was paired-rows Legowo 2:1 (25 cm-50 cm x 12.5 cm); Sub-sub plots were rice varieties, V1 was the best site variety (Mekongga), V2 was Inpari 14, V3 was Inpari 17 and V4 was Inpari 6. The sub-sub plot size was 8 m x 5 m, with the total of 48 plots per replication. The highest grain yields in the first planting season was 8.68 t dry grains/ha, produced by Inpari 17 planted with pairedrows legowo 2:1, followed by Mekongga (8.22 t dry grains/ha) with the same planting method. In the second season Mekongga variety produced 8.10 t dry grains/ha followed by Inpari 14 (8.08 t dry grains/ha) applied with the local recommended rate of fertilizer.There was no plant spacing effect on yield in the second season.

Kualitas dan Hasil Kacang Tanah pada Lingkungan dengan Perbedaan Ketersediaan Air dan Aplikasi Dolomit Rahmianna, A. A.; Taufiq, A.; Yusnawan, E.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The soil moisture availability during the later part of generative growth stage affects pod yield, seed quality, and aflatoxin contamination of groundnut. Pod filling and seed development process are affected by calcium availability in the pod zone. An experiment was conducted with an objective to obtain a conducive condition for groundnut plant growth to obtain high pod yield with sound mature kernels, low Aspergillus flavus infection and low aflatoxin contamination. The experiment was conducted at Joho village, Banjarnegara regency, from June to September 2005. A split plot design was used and nested in two soil moisture conditions, i.e., optimum, where soil moisture was available during the entire groundnut growing period, and suboptimum, where soil moisture was available only during the first 65 days after sowing (DAS. The two main plots were application of 500 kg Dolomite/ha (140 kg/ha CaO) and without Dolomite. The sub-plots were toxigenic A. flavus inoculation at 55 DAS and without A. flavus inoculation. Results of the trial indicated that the groundnut crops grown under an optimum soil moisture condition produced the same pod yield as that grown under the suboptimum moisture condition. Productivity of the groundnut grown under the optimum water availability was 113.7 g dry pods/plant; this was 21.5 g (23.3%) higher than that of the plant grown under the suboptimum soil moisture condition. This result was due more to higher seed yield rather than to bigger seed size and seed/pod weight ratio. Groundnut pod yield per ha however, were not significantly different among treatments. To generate mature and healthy groundnut pods and seeds, optimum soil moisture, especially from pod filling/maturity to harvesting, together with lime application (500 kg Dolomite/ha) need to be applied. Sound mature kernels and free A. flavus infection and low aflatoxin contamination were achieved by application of 500 kg Dolomite/ha, as calcium contained in Dolomite reduced A. flavus infection in the groundnut seeds during maturation, and reduced the number of shriveled seeds.

Keragaman Genetik dan Heritabilitas Beberapa Karakter Agronomi Populasi Galur F4 Padi Beras Hitam Widyayanti, Setyorini; Basunanda, Panjisakti; Mitrowihardjo, Suyadi; Kristamtini, Kristamtini
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 3 (2017): Desember 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The F4 black rice progenies and their two parentsâ€™ varieties were evaluated for their heritability and genetic variability at Padasan, Pakembinangun, Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta from May until September 2016. The purpose of this study is to determine genetic diversity, heritability estimates and genetic advance.The genetic materials used in this study consisted of 48 lines of F4 with their parents, local black rice and Situbagendit. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block designed with two replications. Seeds of each F4 progenies and their parents were sown 1 m Ã— 2 m length of plot with 20 cm Ã— 20 cm plant spacing. Genetic parameters estimatesd were calculated for heritability and genetic advance. Plant population of each F4 progenies and their parents were 40 plants in each replication.Â The result showed that there were 11 progenies had an early day to maturity potential, 21 F4 progenies had a moderate plant height (60-95 cm), 13 progenies had a potential number of tillers per hill (10.26 to 18.76), 9 F4 progenies had a high number of filled grains per panicle (> 80% filled grains), and 7 F4 progenies had a potential of 1000-grain weight (g). Plant height had the highest coefficient of variability. Days to flowering, days to maturity, and pericarb color had the highest heritability estimates followed by plant height (70.6%). Plant height and pericarb color had the highest genetic advances, namely 21.7% and 49.2%, respectively. In relation to improve agronomic characters, plant height and pericarb color had a highest heritability and genetic advance also a wide genetic variability.

Identifikasi Galur Tetua Padi Hibrida dengan Marka SSR Spesifik dan Pemanfaatannya dalam Uji Kemurnian Benih Mulsanti, Indria W.; Surahman, Memen; Wahyuni, Sri; Utami, Dwinita W.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

DNA finger printing of hybrid rice variety and their parental lines are important molecular traits as a tool in plant variety protection, DUS test, and seed purity assessment. Molecular markers including microsatellite (SSR) markers have been used in varietal assessment. This study was aimed to identify specific SSR markers that can be used to distinguish parent lines of hybrid rice and to assess seed purity. The experiment was conducted in 2011 at Biology Molecular Laboratory of ICABIOGRAD, Bogor. Sixteen SSR markers were used to identify parental lines of five hybrid varieties of rice. Two hybrid varieties (F1), Hipa 6 and Hipa 7, were used in the seed purity assessment. Seven markers were polymorphic, and six of them (RM206, RM263, RM276, RM346, RM335, RM570) were capable of distinguishing parental lines of the five hybrid varieties. RM 346 marker could be used for testing seed purity of Hipa 6, while RM 206 marker for Hipa 7. Specific SSR marker was capable of distinguishing a false hybrid rice that might not be recognized by the grow out test in the field.

Keefektifan Pelapisan Benih terhadap Peningkatan Mutu Benih Padi Selama Penyimpanan Ikrarwati, Ikrarwati; Ilyas, Satriyas; Yukti, AmiyarsI Mustika
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 2 (2015): Agustus 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Seed coating using biological pesticides such as clove oil and citronella oil, was expected to have the ability to control seed-borne pathogens on rice. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of seed coating using clove oil and lemon grass oil against seed-borne fungi and bacteria on rice seed variety â€œHipa 8â€ during storage. The experiment was conducted in Cimanggis, from February to September 2012, using completely randomized design with single factor, consisting of four levels: (1) clove oil 1% + chitosan 3%; (2) lemon grass oil 2% + carboxymethyl-cellulose 1%; (3) Synthetic pesticide (streptomycin sulphate 0.04% + benomyl 0.1%) + arabic gum 10%; and (4) control (without coating). Results showed that seedborne fungi pathogens on seed of Hipa 8 rice were detected at 6-month storage consisted of Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. The detected pathogenic bacteria were Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and X. campestris pv. oryzicola. Coating formula most compatible with the rice seed of HIPA 8 was chemical pesticide + 10% arabic gum, which suppressed fungal infection from 80% to 45% at the first month and from 90% to 70% at the fifth month, suppressed populations of Xoo + Xco from 7.6 x 108 cfu/g of seed to 5.86 x 105 cfu/g of seed at the first month and 7.0 x 106 cfu/g of seed to 1.4 x 104 cfu/g of seeds at the sixth month. The treatment caused the smallest decrease of seed viability compared to the other coating treatments.

Pemodelan Pengukuran Luas Panen Padi Nasional Menggunakan Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic Model (GARCH) Iqbal, Teuku Achmad; Sadik, Kusman; Sumertajaya, I Made
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

This study was aimed to build a model for the estimation of national harvested area of rice by incorporating element of variant heterogeneity and the influence of asymmetry factors on time series data using five types of GARCH models, namely: symmetric GARCH, exponential asymmetric GARCH, quadratic asymmetric GARCH, Threshold GARCH, and non-linear asymmetric GARCH. Those models were compared and evaluated, and then the best model was used to predict the accuracy of the national rice harvested area. The results showed that two types of GARCH had significant coefficient, indicating the validity of the model. Those models were symmetric GARCH and quadratic GARCH models. Based on the value of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the twelve month periods ahead, quadratic GARCH model was better than the symmetric GARCH model. Furthermore, based on the value of mean absolute deviation (MAD) and mean square error (MSE), quadratic GARCH model also seemed to be a better model than symmetric GARCH model. The best model can be used to predict the harvested area in the subsequent year.

Korelasi Kandungan Antosianin Total dengan Parameter Warna (L*, a*, dan b*) dan Penanda Mikrosatelit pada Beras Hitam Lokal Kristamtini, Kristamtini; Taryono, Taryono; Basunanda, Panjisakti; Murti, Rudi Hari
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Black rice is a functional food for itsÂ high anthocyanin contents expressed on purple-black rice color. The study aimed to determine the correlation between: total anthocyanin content withÂ L *, a *, and b * color variable, total anthocyanin content with color morphology and total anthocyanin content microsatellite markers. Eleven local black rice varietiesÂ from Yogyakarta Assesment Institute of Agriculture Technology collections and two varieties of white rice (Situbagendit and Inpari 6 Jete) were planted on plastic pots in a green house. The tried was arrangedÂ Â completely randomized design with five replications. At three weeks after planting, the leaf samples were are taken for DNA isolation and further PCR amplificationsÂ using four microsatellite markers (RM 180, RM 220, RM 224 and RM 252). The black rice grain were observed based on color morphology using a Chromameter and analyzedÂ for then anthocyanin contents. Regression, correlation, and path analysis were conducted to determine the relationship between total anthocyanin content and L* a* b * color variable, color morphology, and microsatellite markers. The results showed that there is correlation between total anthocyanin contentÂ with color parameters (L* = -0,568,Â a* = -0,561, b*= 0,844).Â Total anthocyanin content is correlation too with color scor of morfology and totalÂ Â microsatellite markers ((RM 180 =-0,419, RM 220 =0,27, RM 224 =-0,493, RM 252 =0,265) and color scor of morphologyÂ = -0,442. Selection of high-anthocyanin content of rice can use the color variable criterion (L*anÂ a* low, andÂ b * high). Microsatellite markers RM 220 and RM 252 can be used as moleculer markers for rice of high anthocyanin content.

Respons Varietas Padi terhadap Perendaman, Pemupukan, dan Jarak Tanam Ikhwani, Ikhwani; Makarim, A. Karim
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 2 (2012): Agustus 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Combinations of fertilizer application and plant spacing on submergence tolerant rice varieties are expected to reduce yield losses and increase grain yields in the submerged flood-prone wetland. The research was aimed to determine the effect of submergence on growths and yields of rice, to find suitable technique of fertilizer application, and the best plant spacing in a flash flooding wetland. The research was conducted at farmerâ€™s field in Langgengsari village, Belanakan District, Subang Regency, West Java, during the wet season of 2010. The treatments were arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications Fertilizer application methods (Briquette Urea 90 kg N/ha versus Phonska + urea 90 kg N/ha) was the mainplots; planting methods [equal spacing (20 cm x 20 cm) and legowo 6:1 (20 cm-40 cm) x 10 cm)] as sub-plots, and submergence tolerant rice varieties (IR64 Sub-1, Swarna Sub-1 dan Inpara 3) as sub-sub plots. The results showed that upon plant submergence for 14 days at the vegetative phase (14 to 28 DAT), the tolerant varieties still survived until harvest. During the 14-day submergence, plant height increased between 1.74 cm (Inpara 4) and 2.70 cm (Inpara 3), tiller number per hill increased between 0 (Inpara 3) and 3 (Inpara 5). Application of prilled urea + Phonska three times during the plant growth resulted in higher yield (4.99 t dry grain/ha) significantly more than that applied with briquette urea twice (4.12 t dry grain/ha), indicating the importance of the third N application at primordial stage. The submergence tolerant rice varieties (Inpara 4 and Inpara 5) produced significantly higher yields (4.83 t and 4.80 t dry grain/ha, respectively) than Inpara 3 (4.04 t dry grain/ha) or Ciherang (3.90 t dry grain/ha) that were grown by farmers in the surrounding areas. The best plant spacing for rice in the flood prone lowland area varied with the rice varieties. Paired rows (jajar legowo) 6:1 planting method was more suitable for Inpara 5 (5.22 t dry grain/ha) than the squared spacing (tegel) 20 cm x 20 cm (4.38 t dry grain/ha). Meanwhile, the tegel spacing was better for Inpara 4 (5.29 t dry grain/ha) than the jajar legowo 6:1 (4.36 t GKG/ha). The yield of Inpara 3 was not affected by plant spacing treatment.

Identifikasi Varietas/Klon Ubikayu Unggul untuk Bahan Baku Bioetanol Ginting, Erliana; Sundari, Titik; Triwiyono, Bambang; Triatmodjo, Triatmodjo
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 2 (2011): Agustus 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Cassava is a potential source of raw material for bioethanol production. The study was conducted to identify the suitability of the chemical properties of cassava varieties/clones harvested in different seasons to be used as raw material for bioethanol. The trials were conducted at the Experiment Station and the Laboratory of Microbiology, Center for Starch Technology (BBTP), Research and Assessment of Technology (BPPT) Lampung and at the Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Research Institute for Legumes and Tuber, Malang. In 2006, 12 cassava varieties and clones were used, whereas in 2007 eight clones selected from the 12 varieties were used. The crops were harvested at age of 9 months and the tubers were used as raw material for bioethanol production. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The variables observed were chemical composition of fresh tubers and ethanol content of bioethanol produced. Cassava tubers harvested in the rainy season (RS) 2007 contained 1 to 10% more moisture from those harvested in the dry season (DS) 2006, followed by a decrease of starch and total sugar content by 1.4 to 6.6% and 0.5-10%, respectively. Clone CMMM 99008-3 had the highest total sugar content when harvested in the DS 2006 (45.3%), but it was lower (37.0%) in the DS 2006 harvest. In the DS 2006 harvest, four varieties/clones had conversion values 4.2 to 4.5 kg of fresh tuber to one liter of 96% bioethanol, i.e., CMM 99008-3, MLG 0311, OMM 9908-4, and UJ-5. In the WS 2007 harvest, four varieties/clones showed conversion values from 4.5 to 5 kg to one liter of 96% bioethanol, i.e., CMM 99008-3, UJ-3, UJ-5, and OMM 9908-4. Five cassava clones harvested in the RS 2007, namely CMM 99008-3, UJ-3, UJ-5, MLG 0311, and OMM 9908-4 produced tubers yield ranging from 29.3 to 38.2 t/ha. Clone UJ-5 produced the highest bioethanol (7,866 l/ha).

Pengaruh Penyosohan Gabah dan Pemasakan terhadap Kandungan Vitamin B Beras Merah Indrasari, Siti Dewi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 3 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The number of improved red rice varieties (red color caryopsis) is still limited, namely Bahbutong and Aek Sibundong. Red rice is useful as functional food due to its antocyanin content which have a potential function as antioxidant. The research was aimed to study the effect of processing (milling and cooking) on the thiamin (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3), and pyridoxin (vitamin B6) content of new varieties, local red vareties and advanced lines of red rice. The materials used in the experiment were two red rice advanced lines, local red rice (Jembar Beureum and Jatiluwih), red rice improved variety Aek Sibundong, and white rice variety Ciherang. Results showed that milling and cooking processes reduce thiamin, riboflavin, niacin , and pyridoxin contents on advanced improved red lines, red improved variety, local red varieties and Ciherang white improved variety. Jembar Beureum milled and cooked rice had the highest thiamin and niacin content. Jatiluwih milled and cooked rice had the highest riboflavin and pyridoxin content. Local red rice had higher vitamin B content than improved red advanced lines, Aek Sibundong and Ciherang white rice. Local red rice varieties may be used as parent material on the breeding program to develop red rice improved varieties with higher vitamin B content.

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