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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Pewarisan Ketahanan Penyakit Tungro pada Galur Padi OBSTG02-28 Muliadi, Ahmad; Nasrullah, Nasrullah; Sumardiyono, Y. B.; Trisyono, Y. Andi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 2 (2011): Agustus 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Tungro is the most important viral disease of rice plant, caused by two types of viruses, namely Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) and Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV), transmitted by green leafhopper Nephotettix virescens. Planting resistant varieties proved effective in preventing the occurrence of tungro disease explosion, but the availability of tungro virus resistant varieties are still limited. To determine the best breeding strategy, genetic inheritance model for resistance to tungro disease needs to be studied especially the gene action and the number of genes controlling resistance. For this study, variety TN1 was crossed with OBSTG02-28 to produce F1, F1R, BC1-1, BC1-2, and F2. All crosses were inoculated with tungro virus and visual symptoms of the disease were observed, followed with the ELISA test. Scoring of the disease and ELISA test showed that the resistance of OBSTG02-28 was controlled by two complementary genes with a ratio of 9:7. The additive-dominant of gene action model fitted for the inheritance of resistant gene with additive gene action. The narrow sense heritability was considered high; therefore, selection for gene resistance to tungro disease could be conducted in the early generations.

Respon Genotipe Padi Gogo terhadap Defisiensi P Tasliah, Tasliah; Suhartini, Tintin; Prasetiyono, Joko; Somantri, Ida Hanarida; Bustamam, Masdiar
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 3 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Insufficient P is a limiting factor for rice production. Tolerant varieties to deficiency P are very important to solve the problem. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate rice genotypes to P deficiency and its interaction to Al toxicity. The experiment was conducted at the green house of ICABIOGRAD (Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development) in WS 2006, using Yoshida solution. Molecular analysis was conducted in 2010 to observe the effectiveness of gene Pup1 segment in upland rice varieties to be compared with Kasalath tolerance variety from India. Plastic box of 10 ltr, containing solution as media was used in the experiment. The treatments were arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications. Treatments were two levels of Aluminum (0 and 45 ppm Al) as a main plot, and 4 levels application of P fertilizer (0, 0.5, 5.0, and 10 ppm P) as sub plots, and sixteen upland rice genotypes as sub-sub plots. Results showed that there were interactions between P, Al treatments and genotypes to characters which were observed. Application of P up to 10 ppm P increased plant height, number of tillers, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight significantly, but not for root length. The effects of aluminum were decreasing in plant height, shoot and root dry weight and root length significantly, but not for number of tillers. Evaluation of tiller number for P deficiency treatment showed three cultivars were tolerant to P deficiency, namely: Way Rarem, Limboto and Sentani, and five genotypes were moderately tolerant: Way Rarem, Jatiluhur, Sentani, K36-5-1-1, Limboto, dan NIL-C443. Genotypes indicated tolerant to both Al toxicity and P deficiency, were Way Rarem, Jatiluhur, Sentani, K36-5-1-1, Limboto, dan NIL-C443. There were no correlation between rice tolerance to P deficiency with rice tolerance to aluminum toxicity. Molecular analysis using Pup1 specifik primers showed fully Pup1 segment on NIL-C443, K36-5-1-1, Jatiluhur, Limboto, Silugonggo, Way Rarem and those genotypes showed tolerance or moderately a tolerant to P deficiency, except for Silugonggo.

Deteksi Virus Tungro pada Gulma Padi Sawah Menggunakan Teknik PCR Ladja, Fausiah T.; Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti; Damayanti, Tri Asmira; Rauf, Aunu
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Virus tungro disease is a serious problem to rice crop in a certain area of rice production in Indonesia. The disease is caused by a combined infection of Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) and Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV). Both viruses were reported to infect ratoon rice plants, weeds, and wild rice. The study was conducted to detect RTBV and RTSV on some weeds. Weed samples were collected from rice fields in West Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, Papua, and West Sumatera. The detection of RTBV and RTSV were carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Reverse Transcription (RT) â€“ PCR, employing coat protein gene specific primers. RTBV specific DNA fragment of ~1400 bp size was successfully amplified from various weed species including: F. miliacea, C. iria, M. vaginalis, L. adscendens, S. zeylanica, D. sanguinalis, and E. crusgalli. RTSV specific DNA fragment of ~787 bp size was successfully amplified from weed species of F. miliacea, L. octovalvis, and D. sanguinalis. RTBV or RTSV specific DNA fragment was not amplified from L. flava and P. distichum. Weed samples infected by both viruses did not show any tungro symptom. Virus detection based on molecular technique was able to determine the status of weed whether it is as an alternate host of viruses. Weeds sanitation prior to rice planting, therefore, should be considered as an integral part of virus disease management.

Keragaman dan Pengelompokan Sumber Daya Genetik Kacang Tunggak [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] Trustinah, Trustinah; Kasno, Astanto; Mejaya, Made Jana
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a legume thatÂ tolerant to drought and acid soil, that is prospective for development in sub-optimal area. A total of 150 cowpea accessions were grown at Muneng Research Station (Probolinggo) in dry seasson of 2014, using a randomized block design, with two replications.Â Each accession were planted alongÂ two rows of 4 m. The accession was varied for the qualitative and quantitative traits. Most of the accession had ovate leaf shape, flower color purple,Â cream color of mature pod, and seed color brown to yellowish. Seed yield had a high phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance.Â Low of phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation were shown on days to 50% flowering and days to physiological maturing.Â Characteristics of cowpea accessions for eight variables 64.2% can be explained by three factors. The first factor relates to seed yield component (number of fertile nodes, number of branches, and seed weight), second factor associated with plant age (date of flowering and harvesting), and the third factor is the supporting factors (plant height, pod length, and number of seeds per pod). Accessions of cowpea could be divided into three groups. Date of flowering and harvesting were a determinant variable discriminant function. Group I consistingÂ 70 accessions dominated by accessions with early maturity, medium plant height,Â Â long pods, high number of seeds per pod and high seed yield.Â Group II consisting of 47 accessions with moderate maturity, short plants, short pods, low number of seeds per pod and low seed yield. Group III consisting of 33 accessions was characterized by moderate maturity, high plant, short pods, high number of seeds per pod and high seed yield.

Tanggap Varietas Kacang Hijau terhadap Cekaman Salinitas Taufiq, Abdullah; Purwaningrahayu, Runik Dyah
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 3 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The response of mungbean varieties to salinity stress was evaluated using pot experiment in green house at Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute in Malang from July to September 2012. Two factors of sixty treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design, replicated four times. The first factor was six water salinity levels, namely check (ECw 0.5 dS/m), 4.0, 7.1, 10.1, 13.1, and 15.8 dS/m. The second factor was ten mungbean varieties, namely Vima 1, Kutilang, Sampeong, Perkutut, Murai, Kenari, Sriti, Merpati, Betet, dan Walet. Data collection consisted of grain yield and yield components, plant biomass, chlorophyll content index (CCI), plant height, leaf area, and relative water content of leaf (RWC). The results showed that increasing water salinity increased soil salinity (ECs). Increasing salinity did not significantly affect total leaf area per plant, but significantly reduced root dry weight, CCI, number of filled pods, pods and seed dry weight per plant, and weight of 100 grains. Those variables were reduced by 11% to 37% at ECs of 2.65 dS/m. Plant height decreased by 10%, shoot dry weight by 22% and leaf relative water content by 10% at ECs of 6.27, 3.29 and 8.81 dS/m, consecutively. Chlorophyll content index, grain yield and yield components were more sensitive to salinity stress than were plant height, shoot biomass, and leaf area. Based on grain yield reduction, there was different salinity tolerance among the mungbean varieties tested. Vima 1 variety was tolerant up to ECs of 6.40-12.49 dS/m. Murai, Kenari, Sriti, and Betet varieties were tolerant up to ECs of 2.87-5.68 dS/m. Kutilang, Sampeong, Perkutut, Merpati, and Walet varieties were tolerant up to ECs of 1.79-2.65 dS/m. There was no indication that the degree of tolerance of these varieties related to Na and K content in the shoot and root of the plant at 37 days after planting. The critical ECs value for mungbean varietal testing was 1.79-2.65 dS/m.

Teknologi Budi Daya Varietas Padi Spesial di Lahan Sawah Irigasi ikhwani, .; Rustiati, Tita
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 2, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Rice plants are strategically commodities as food supplied in Indonesia. The operated, provided, procurement and distribution under be incredibly important to food security, stability of national economy and to increased income of farmers. Rice In addition created to required rice as food / special functional. Needed production of rice that has added value (certain prices, nutrition scent, etc) or contained one or more components with particular physiological functions and useful for health. The development problems of rice with particular characteristics / special are reluctanced at farmers to planted or produced different between regions because it is dependent of climate, agroekosistem and the market. The experiment was aims to studied the cultivated technology of special rice variety at farmerâ€™s lowland field, at the Cianjur district, West Java, in April â€“ September 2016. The experiment was arranged as a split-split plot design with 3 replications. The main plot are fertilizer application, P1- the present local recomendation (45 kg N, Phonska ( 100 kg N, 125 kg P2O5 75 kg K2O; Pupuk organik (petrokimia) = 500 kg/ha), applied 1x at 14 days after transplanting. P2 â€“ proposed recommended based on PHSL, 112,5 kg N dan Phonska (83,33 kg N, 104,2 kg P2O5 dan 62,50 kg K2O, applied 3 x at 7 dat, 21 dat and 42 dat (just before flower initiation stage). Sub plot: plant spacing T1 â€“ a Legowo 2:1 (27 cm--50 cm x 13.5 cm); and T2 â€“ legowo system 4: 1 ( 27cm - - 54 cm ) x 13,5 cm Sub-sub plot: special rice varieties V1- Cisokan,, V2- Inpari 21, V3- IR-42, V4- Lusi variety and V5 - Japonica rice (Tayken rice). The smallest plot (sub-sub plot) size was 4 m x 5 m, with the total number of plots was 60.Performance of the special rice varieties could be increased through optimalization of plant spacing and fertilizer application. The highest grain yields in the season was 9.80 ton grains/ha by Inpara 4 planted combination with jajar legowo 4:1 and the present local recommendation fertilizer, followed by Lusi variety (9.33 ton grains/ha) with combination the jajar legowo 4:1 and recommended based on PHSL, than Cisokan variety produced 9.24 ton grains/ha with combination legowo system 4: 1 and present local recommendation fertilizer. Application of fertilizer and plant spacing are significantly which were the highest yield. There was effected on yield produced . 8,50 ton grains/ha, at jajar legowo 4:1 planted highest 0,5 ton grains/ha than jajar legowo 2:1 produced 8,03 ton grains/ha.

Peningkatan Efikasi Cendawan Lecanicillium lecanii untuk Mengendalikan Telur Hama Kepik Coklat pada Kedelai Prayogo, Yusmani; Santoso, Teguh; Kartosuwondo, Utomo; Sudirman, Lisdar I.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Lecanicillium lecanii is considered as an effective entomopathogenic fungi to control eggs of brown stink bug on soybean. Its efficacy is indicated by reducing the level of hatching of brown stink bug eggs. One factor affecting the efficacy of the entomopathogen in the field is its intolerant to sunlight exposure. A research was conducted in the screen house of the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI), Malang, from March to August 2008. The study was aimed at determining the effect of addition of vegetable oils on the efficacy of lecanii to control stink bug eggs on soybean. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete design with two factors. The first factor consisted of three vegetable oils i.e, peanut oil, soybean oil, and coconut oil. The second factor consisted of four oil concentration i.e; 2 ml/l, 5 ml/l, 10 ml/l, and without oil (control). Result showed that addition of vegetable oils as adjuvant increased significantly the growth and development of the entomopathogen, as indicated by the increase of colony diameter and number of conidia of lecanii in vitro. The fungal conidia persisted on the soybean plants until seven days after the adjuvant application at the rate of 10 ml/l water, while the conidia persisted only for one day on plants which was not applied with the vegetable oils. Hatchability of the brown stink bug eggs was only 20% when peanut oil was used as an adjuvant. Not all hatched eggs of the brown stink bug developed into adult, hence, the number of adult bugs that cause damages on soybean pods were reduced. In general, the addition of vegetable oil increased efficacy of the entomopathogen up to 40%. Among the vegetable oils tested, peanut oil was the most effective to increase the efficacy of lecanii to control brown stink bug egg on soybean.

Model Simulasi dan Visualisasi Prediksi Potensi Hasil dan Produksi Kedelai di Jawa Timur Koentjoro, Bambang S.; Sitanggang, Imas S.; Makarim, Abdul Karim
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 3 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The prediction of national soybean yield and production could be improved its accuracy by integrating a simulation model and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The objective of this research was to integrate a simulation model with a GIS, to predict the potential yield and production of soybean in the soybean production centers of East Java. This study was conducted from December 2013 till May 2014. The approach used in this study was a systems approach using a simulation model as solution to the problem. The model is SUCROS.SIM (Simple Universal Crops Growth Simulator), which was written using Powersim software and Spreadsheet in order to be fully integrated with GIS. The initial phase of the integration process between SUCROS.SIM and GIS are as follows (a) model validation, using input data of soybean plant assimilate partitioning, (b) climatic data (solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperatures) collected from the climatological station (BMKG) Karangploso Malang and (c) observation data of soybean yields of two varieties (Wilis and Argomulyo) at Muneng Experiment Station. It was found that the coefficients of determination of simulation model of soybean yield potential (R2) range from 0.945-0.992 and RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) values range from 0.11 to 0.25 t/ha. The average of soybean yield potential and production in 2012 at soybean production centers of East Java were 1.94 t/ha and 293,459 ton, respectively. The conclusion is SUCROS.SIM valid to be integrated with GIS.

Genetic Parameters of Some Characters and Their Correlation with Rice Grain Yield in Relation to the Plant Adaptability to Semi-Deep Stagnant Flooding Condition Nugraha, Yudhistira; Vergara, Geogiana V.; Mackill, David J.; Ismail, Abdel Bagi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 2 (2013): Agustus 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Stagnant flooding (SF) is a major problem in floodprone rice ecosystem where the depth of flood water ranging from 20-50 cm in the entire seasons. In Indonesia this kind of water stress can be found in swampy basin area or Rawa Lebak. A study was conducted to determine the genetic parameters related to rice plant adaptability to SF. Eighteen rice genotypes including the recently developed 6 pairs of SUB1 near isogenic lines (NILs) of widely planted varieties and checks were tested under 50 cm depth of SF in the 2009 wet season at Los Banos, Philippines. The results showed that most of genotypes showed different responses on morphological and agronomical characters under SF and normal conditions. Most of the SUB1 NILs had lower grain yields than their respective parents. This was because SUB1 suppressed shoot elongation and less restoring contact with the air. Some SUB1 lines such as PSBRc68 and IR70181-32, however, produced high grain yields under this condition. Under SF condition, rice genotypes required shoot elongation to allow restoring contact with the air, therefore the traits that related to growth attributes such as shoot weight, leaf weight, LAI, stem diameter, plant high, and tiller number were strongly correlated with the grain yields. These traits also had broad genetic variability, high heritability, and strong correlation with grain yields. Selection under real stress SF conditions was effective to obtain high yielding genotypes and also tolerant.

Identifikasi dan Efektivitas Bakteri Dekomposer Terhadap Limbah Batang daun Jagung untuk Pupuk Organik Faesal, Faesal; Djaenuddin, Nurasiah; Soenartiningsih, Soenartiningsih
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Agustus 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Maize waste is difficult to decompose naturally, therefore needed special treatment to accelerate dissolved of maize waste. Identification and effectivity tested of decomposer bacteria on maize waste for organic fertilizer is one ways to overcome these problem. The research aim to find effective bacteria as decomposer of maize waste as organic fertilizer. Research was conducted in South Sulawesi Indonesia in June to Desember 2013. The first step in this research was collecting soil sample from many natural habitat ie: maize planting site, heap of stem and corn cob, heap of paddy straw or husk, and heap of sorghum stem. The second step where soil sample bring to the Pest and Plant Diseases Laboratory of ICERI for identify decomposer cellulolitic bacteria. We have identified 120 isolate than screened by temperature 50o C and we found of 29 decomposer bacteria by assumption. Furthermore those isolate were tested in vitro 29 sellulolitic bacteria and we found 16 effective sellulolitic bacteria. Than 16 effective sellulolitic bacteria we tested by using stem and leaf of maize in green house and finally found of 6 effective decomposer bacteria, which more effective compared to EM4 as a control. Those isolate decomposer bacteria more effective are: E7.1, E7.3, B7.1 (Bacillus sp), E7.7, H7.1 (Escherichia sp), and C4.1 (Micrococcus sp).

Page 12 of 28 | Total Record : 273

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