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Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan

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Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

ISSN : 25415166 EISSN : 25415174 DOI : 10.21082

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan merupakan publikasi yang memuat makalah ilmiah primer hasil penelitian tanaman pangan (padi dan palawija). Redaksi menerima makalah dari peneliti Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan, Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), maupun perguruan tinggi. Makalah yang dikirimkan hendaknya sudah mendapat persetujuan dari pimpinan instansi masing-masing. Ketentuan penulisan makalah untuk dapat dimuat di jurnal ini tertera dalam "Author Guidelines/Petunjuk bagi Penulis" di halaman terakhir Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian.

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Articles 273 Documents

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Peningkatan Daya Berkecambah dan Vigor Benih Padi Hibrida Melalui Invigorasi Wahyuni, Sri
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 2 (2011): Agustus 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Seed of the rice hybrid generally is not fully filled, resulting in low seed quality. Study was conducted in 2009 at the Indonesian Centre for Rice Research, Sukamandi, aiming to determine the effect of seed invigoration methods on viability and vigor of hybrid rice seeds. The treatments consisted of two factors, namely: (A) initial quality of Hipa 5 seeds, i.e., low and moderate, and (B) 8 seed invigoration methods, i.e., no treatment (control); soaking in water for 48 hours; soaking in 1.0 Mpa PEG 6000 solution for 24 hours; soaking in 5 ppm GA3 solution for 24 hours; soaking in 10 ppm GA3 solution for 24 hours; 12 hours hardening, 24 hours hardening), and soaking in a solution mixture of GA3 10 ppm Kinetin + 15 ppm for 24 hours. The results showed that all seed invigoration treatments increased seed germinations by 1 to 8% and the seed growth rates by 0.7 to 4.3 %/24 hour in seeds of hybrid rice Hipa 5, either in the high initial quality seeds or in the low initial quality seeds. Soaking of the medium quality seeds in 10 ppm GA3 + 15 ppm kinetin solution resulted in the highest seed germination (89%). In the low quality seeds, treatments with GA3 and 15 ppm Kinetin also resulted in high seed germination (79%), equivalent to that of treatment with 24 hours hardening (78%). All seed invigoration treatments, except for soaking in water for 48 hours, increased length and dry weight of the seedling stem. The highest length of the stem was shown from seed soaked in 10 ppm GA3 solution (16.8 cm), whereas the highest stem dry weight was shown from seed soaked in a mixture of 10 ppm GA3 + kinetin 15 ppm solution (526 mg/seedling). Based on all variables evaluated, soaking seeds in 10 ppm GA3 solution or a mixed solution of 10 ppm GA3 + kinetin 15 ppm is considered effective invigoration treatment to improve vigor and growth of hybrid rice seeds.

Analisis Stabilitas Hasil Gabah Galur-galur Padi melalui Pendekatan Parametrik dan Nonparametrik Sitaresmi, Trias; Nafisah, Nafisah; Gunarsih, Cucu; Daradjat, A. A.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 31, No 2 (2012): Agustus 2012
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The failure of a genotype to perform relatively the same in different environments is defined as the interaction Genotype x Environment (G x E interaction). The existence of G x E is often causing breeders facing difficulty to select superior genotypes to be tested further. Efforts to quantify the interaction between the average yields of genotype with environment can be done by parametric and nonparametric approaches. Experiments were conducted at 16 sites in dry season of 2008 and 2009. A total of 14 rice genotypes were tested using randomized complete block design. Combined analyses of variances of 16 sites showed highly significant effects of locations, genotypes, and genotypes x locations. Parametric stability analysis using the coefficient of variability (CVi) showed 6 lines (BP1808-1F-25, BP1352-1G-KN, IR76510-24-3, BP1178-2F-26, OM 5240, OM 1490) were stable. Based on parametric analysis of variance stability (Sv), however only 3 lines namely BP1808-1F-25, S4616-PN-7-3, and IR76510-24-3 were stable. Cultivar superiority method of parametric stability showed that BP1808-1F-25, OM 5240 and OM 1490 were stable, while OM4495 was stable based on Nassar and Huehn nonparametric methods. Results of Spearmanâ€™s correlation analysis showed that between CVi and Sv, and CVi and Pi were significantly correlated with r = 0.556, and r = 0.560, respectively. It indicated that those three stability parameters had equal strength for determining the stability of the lines or cultivars tested. Based on the three stability approaches BP1808-1F-25 was considered as stable line, while check cultivar Dodokan was unstable. Parametric stability was found more accurate than nonparametric ones, when assumption of the data distribution was fulfilled.

Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Populasi F3 dan F4 Tanaman Gandum Persilangan Oasis x HP1744 Yamin, Mayasari; Efendi, Darda; Trikoesoemaningtyas, Trikoesoemaningtyas
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 34, No 3 (2015): Desember 2015
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The study was aimed to obtain the information on the genetic diversity on agronomic traits of wheat among the F3 and F4 generations, derived from crosses of Oasis x HP1744, planted at the highland and medium elevation. The second objective was to acquire the character for selection and to acquire the adaptable genotypes on the highland and on the plain medium elevation. Selection was carried out using Shuttle Breeding, where F3 generation was selected at the Experimental Station of Cipanas (1100 m asl) and F4 generation was selected at the plain medium elevation of Cisarua (600 m asl). The experiment used Augmented Designs. Genetic material consisted of 57 F3 pedigree families selected from the F2 generation of Oasis x HP1744 cross plus six check varieties. The F4 generation cinsisted 320 selected genotypes from the F3 generation plus six check varieties. Plant height, flag leaf area, percentage of empty florets per panicle, number of grains/panicle and grain weight/panicle of the F3 generation showed larger mid value than the two parents. In the F4 generation, flag leaf greenness, total number of tillers, number of productive tillers, main panicle seed weight, number of seeds/panicle, seed weight/panicle, number of seeds/plant and seed weight/plant indicated the mean value larger than that of the Oasis. Plant height, number of productive tillers, days to flowering, maturity, spikelet number, and the total number of florets of the F4 generation showed higher heritability than that of F3 generation. Character suitable for indirect selection in the F3 was plant height, which indicated the best indirect differential selection. Potential families for further selection included: O/HP 21, O/HP 82, O/HP 12, O/HP 100 and O/HP 28. Characters most suitable for indirect selection in the F4 generation were: main panicle seed weight which indicated the best indirect differential selection. Genotypes potential for further selection in the medium elevation were O/HP82-19; O/HP82-15, O/HP78-5, O/HP49-30 and O/HP78-2.

Dampak Rehabilitasi Jaringan Irigasi Perdesaan terhadap Adopsi Teknologi Budi Daya Padi Zakaria, Amar K.
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 2 (2014): Agustus 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The rehabilitation of irrigation canal on the rural area is very important to rice farmers because the use of water is becoming more eficient and rice production and farmerâ€™s income is increasing. Increasing the rice productivity would be considered as an indication of farmerâ€™s participation on the adoption of technology. The present study was aimed to evaluate the technology adoption on rice farming in relation with the irrigation canal rehabilitation. The study was carried out in Majalengka district of West Java, during 2012 using survey method. The data were collected through the interview techniques to 44 farmer respondents using structured questionnaires. The data were cross tabulated and to measure the advantage of adopting the technology, Gross R/C ratio was calculated along with the break even point/BEP. Result of the analyses showed that after rehabilitation of the rural irrigation infrastructure the water supply was becoming more available and farmers were motivated to adopt the rice farming technology and the management of rice cultivation. The degree of technology adoption was considered as optimum and economically was feasible, as indicated by the value of R/C between 1.98 and 2.15, with the profitability of 49.6 percent to 53.5 percent. The partial budgetting analysis showed the B/C marginal of 2.59 and growing Ciherang rice variety is considered to be profitable.

Korelasi Hasil dan Komponen Hasil Padi Hibrida di Dua Lokasi Pengujian Kartina, Nita
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

One of the objectives in rice breeding is to increase grain yield. The research was to evaluate numbers of hybrid rice genotypes and also to obtain the information about grain yield correlation main, grain yield component from numbers of hybrid rice genotypes and influencial character as selection criteria. The experiment conducted in the second season (MT II) of 2013 at Cilacap, Central Java province and in Malang, East Java province by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The genetic materials used were 18 hybrid rice genotypes and two check varieties namely Hipa8 and Ciherang. The results showed that grain yield had been effected by location, genotypes and both interactions. Hipa8 give yield average 9 t/ha while Ciherang 8.78 t/ha. There were two hybrid rice genotypes have equal yield statitistically with both check varieties. The hybrids were A7/BH25B-1B(9.13 t/ha) and IR58025A/CRS516 (9.15 t/ha). Based on path analysis numbers of empty grain, seed set, plant high and number of productive tillers have direct effect to yield with path coefficient of 0.0437; 0.3114; 0.,1952 and 1.931.These characters could be used as selection criteria.

Komposisi dan Sebaran Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae di Sentra Produksi Padi di Sumatera Selatan Sudir, Sudir; Yogi, Yoga A.; Syahri, Syahri
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 2 (2013): Agustus 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

A study was carried out to identify the composition and distribution of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotypes in rice crops in South Sumatera, during the 2012 planting season. Three activities were conducted, namely collection of rice leaf samples from the field, isolation of Xoo from the leaf samples in the laboratory, and testing pathotypes of the Xoo in the screen house. Rice leaves showing typical bacterial leaf blight (BLB) symptom were collected from various farmersâ fields. The samples were detached and put into paper envelopes, and taken to the laboratory for isolation of Xoo, at the Laboratory of Pythopathology of Indonesian Center for Rice Research, Sukamandi. Pathotype testing was done in the ICRR screen house by inoculating the leaves of five differential rice varieties with inocula of the Xoo isolates collected. Resistances of the rice differential varieties were determined based on the BLB disease severity. Inoculated plant with disease severity <11% was considered resistant (R) and disease severity >11% was susceptible (S). From 122 samples of rice leaf infected with BLB collected from the rice production centers in South Sumatera, one hundred and twelve Xoo isolates were obtained from the isolation. The Xoo pathotype identification showed that pathotype III was the most dominant in South Sumatera during the 2012 planting season (67 isolates or 60.0%) followed by pathotype IV (28 isolates or 25%), and pathotype VIII (17 isolates or 15.0%).

Teknik Budidaya Kacang Hijau pada Lahan Kering Beriklim Kering Kuntyastuti, Henny; Lestari, Sri Ayu Dwi
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 35, No 3 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Mungbean is one of the early maturity crops which is resistant to drought. Therefore, this crop is suitable to be cultivated on upland dry climate. Mungbean cultivation technology has been available. However, the improvement of mungbean cultivation is still necessary. The objective of this research was to obtain cultivation technique through combination of plant population, organic and anorganic fertilizers on mungbean to increase the productivity and to provide a residual effect on the successive crop on upland dry climate. This research was conducted on upland Alfisol soil with climate type E in Probolinggo, East Java on dry season 2015 using split plot design, threeplicates. As a main plot was plant spacing, namely: 1) 40 cm x 10 cm, 1 plant/hole, 2) 40 cm x 15 cm, 2 plants/hole, and 3) 40 cm x 20 cm, 2 plants/hole. As a sub plot was combination of organic and anorganic fertilizers, namely: 1) without fertilizer, 2) 50 kg ZA + 50 kg SP-36 + 100 kg KCl/ha, 3) 150 kg Phonska/ha, 4) 5000 kg manure/ha, and 5) 75 kg Phonska + 2500 kg manure/ha. The result showed that the component of mungbean cultivation technology to increase the yield, biomass accumulation, chemical soil fertility and to provide residual effect on upland dry climate with characteristic as Alfisol Probolinggo soil is fertilized with 150 kg Phonska/ha and planted with plant spacing 40 cm x 10 cm, 1 plant/hole or 40 cm x 20 cm, 2 plants/hole. If the priority were biomass production and mungbean protein content, the treatment using 75 kg Phonska + 2500 kg manure/ha could produce biomass 3,19 t/ha (the highest) with K content accumulation of 125,18 kg K/ha (the highest), and N content accumulation in seeds was also the highest at 60,46 kg N/ha.

Pengaruh Waktu Tanam dan Genotipe Padi Gogo terhadap Hasil D.H., Totok A.; Suwarto, Suwarto; Riyanto, A.; Susanti, D.; Kantun, I. N.; Suwarno, Suwarno
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 30, No 1 (2011): April 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Upland rice plays an important role in supporting food security for community in dryland areas. Genotype Ã environment interaction is an important factor to be considered in the development of upland rice in Indonesia, because they affect rice yield stability. Genotype Ã environment interaction and yield stability of rice genotypes are important information to be considered for the development of upland rice. The study was conducted over two years on a dry land area of Banjarnegara, Central Java, using 10 genotypes of upland rice (UNRAM 1E, 4E UNRAM, UNRAM 17E, 9E UNRAM, Unsoed G10, G19 Unsoed, Unsoed G39, G136 Unsoed, B12644F-MR-2, B12498C-MR-1) and two varieties (Situ Patenggang and Way Rarem) as control. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Results showed that planting time affect yield and yield components of the upland rice tested. Effect of the genotype x planting time interaction was shown on plant height, flowering date, harvest age, and crop yields. The upland rice genotypes that showed a stable high yields over years of planting were UNRAM 4, Unsoed G10, G136 Unsoed, B12644F-MR-2, and Situ Patenggang and Way Rarem.

Viabilitas dan Infektivitas Formulasi Cendawan Entomopatogen Lecanicillium lecanii sebagai Biopestisida Pengendalian Telur Kepik Coklat Riptortus linearis Prayogo, Yusmani; Santoso, Teguh
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 32, No 1 (2013): April 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Lecanicillium lecanii fungi is an effective entomopathogenic fungus to control soybean pod sucking bug. The fungi is able to parasitize spore of pathogens that cause major diseases of soybean, such as rust, downy mildew, and powdery mildew. The study was aimed to determine the 12 formulations that can maintain spore viability and infectivity for 12 months. The formulations used talk, kaolin, sweet potato flour, cassava flour, rice flour, corn flour, soybean flour, mungbean flour, peanut flour, potato flour, molasses, peanut oil, and soybean oil based medium. Each medium was sterilized and mixed individually with conidia suspension of L. lecanii to form powder formulations that contained 107 conidia/ml. The spore viability and infectivity were tested after storing the formulations for twelve months. The result showed that viability and infectivity of spores in the formulation was lower with the longer period of storage. Viability of conidia in the formulation decreased to the lowest 20% after 12 months storage, especially that in peanut powder formulation. The spore viability in the cassava flour formulation was the highest (95%). Infectivity of the L. lecanii formulation using cassava flour to inhibit egg hatching of brown stink bug was 60% after 12 months storage. The viability and infectivity of L. lecanii spores in powder formulation was better than those in liquid formulations.

Stabilitas Hasil Galur-galur Harapan Padi Sawah Abdullah, Buang; Safitri, Heni
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 33, No 3 (2014): Desember 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

The yield stability of genotype needs to be known before a genotype is released as new variety. The objective of this research was to identify yield and yield stability of rice breeding lines. Multilocational yield trials (MYTs) were conducted at nine locations in the 2009 dry and wet seasons. Ten promising lines were evaluated along with two control varieties, arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The result showed that five lines, i.e. B11007E-MR-3-2-PN-1-2, B10542FKN-90-1, B10533F-KN-12-2, B10543E-PN-17-1, and B10541F-KN-31-3 were considered as stable in all environments. The yield of four stable lines, i.e. B11007E-MR-3-2-PN-1-2, B10542F-KN-90-1, B10533F-KN-12-2, and B10541F-KN-31-3 each was not significantly different from Ciherang. The yield of glutinous rice line B10543E-PN-17-1 also was not significantly different from Ciasem. The yield stability and the agronomic appearance of these two lines were the same or better than those of Ciherang or Ciasem.

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