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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Dimension
Published by Universitas Kristen Petra Surabaya
ISSN : 14109530     EISSN : 1979570X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
The Civil Engineering Dimension (Dimensi Teknik Sipil) is a refereed journal, published twice a year, in March and September.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 466 Documents
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Vehicle Routing Problem Optimization for Rebar Material Distribution using the Symbiotic Organisms Search Method Reynaldo, Ambrosius Matthew Junius; Husada, Willy; Wijaya, Ezra Kenzie; Vaphilio, Denish
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 27 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.27.2.203-213

Abstract

The success rate of construction projects depends on subcontractors and material suppliers, especially in ensuring the material delivery to avoid delays and cost overruns. The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) addresses transportation management to minimize the distribution costs. This study presents a comparative analysis of three VRP scenarios: the existing case, the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP), and the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (CVRPTW). The Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) method is used to solve the VRP of a building materials supplier in Sulawesi, Indonesia in delivering rebar to 19 locations over 12 weeks while considering the vehicle capacity and the time window constraints. The results show that the SOS method effectively handles the rebar distribution problems with these constraints. The CVRP scenario achieves a total cost saving of Rp 23,263,278 (26.15%), while the CVRPTW scenario saves Rp 6,732,942 (7.57%).
Damage Detection in Gusset Plates of Steel Truss Bridges using Modal Parameters: Experimental and Numerical Study Kristijanto, Heppy; Fitriyah, Dita Kamarul; Habieb, Ahmad Basshofi
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 27 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.27.2.225-238

Abstract

Corrosion in gusset plate elements has become a critical factor in bridge structural failures, emphasizing the need for more accurate and reliable damage detection methods. Conventional visual inspections are limited in precision and cannot provide real-time monitoring, underscoring the importance of advanced techniques. This study proposes a vibration-based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) approach employing modal parameter indices, namely Mode Shape (MS), Mode Shape Curvature (MSC), Mode Shape Slope (MSS), and Mode Shape Curvature Square (MSCS), to detect damage in bridge components. Damage scenarios were simulated by introducing gusset plate cuts of 5%, 10%, and 20% to represent different levels of corrosion. The results indicate that MSC and MSCS are the most reliable methods for identifying damage locations in complex structural systems, as they capture mode shape alterations with high sensitivity. Furthermore, the accuracy of modal parameter analysis improves with increasing damage severity. These findings confirm MSC and MSCS as robust tools for early-stage corrosion detection in SHM applications.
Front Matter (Cover, Editorial, Table of Content) Dimension, Civil Engineering
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 27 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

.
Impact of Anchor Drag on Subsea Pipeline Integrity: Numerical Study on Crack Propagation and Leakage Arianta, Arianta; Tawekal, Ricky Lukman; Santoso, Jason Filius; Ilman, Eko Charnius
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): MARCH 2026
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.28.1.1-10

Abstract

Anchor drag incidents impacting subsea pipelines lead to structural failure, driven primarily by crack propagation under mechanical stress. This study employs finite element modelling (FEM) and the extended finite element method (XFEM) to evaluate how initial crack dimensions (depth: 4–6 mm; length: 20–60 mm) affect pipeline integrity. Results indicate that pipelines with smaller initial cracks (4 mm depth) resist leakage until an anchor drag distance of 67.839 m, whereas larger cracks (6 mm depth) fail at 33.389 m, emphasizing crack depth as the critical factor in reducing structural resilience. Crack propagation follows a triphasic pattern: slow initiation, rapid acceleration at 25–35 m drag distance, and deceleration near the pipe wall. Larger cracks propagate faster, with 6 mm depth cracks reaching critical failure earlier than smaller defects.
Evaluation of Basal Heave Stability for Deep Excavations in Clay using the Discontinuity Layout Optimization Method Susiyanti, Angela Dewi Maharani; Lim, Aswin
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): MARCH 2026
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.28.1.83-100

Abstract

clay soils, which often causes significant ground movement and threatens nearby structures. Traditional analysis methods generally assume homogeneous soil conditions and ignore the variation of strength with depth, which limits their application in complex field situations. This research investigates basal heave stability using the Discontinuity Layout Optimization (DLO) method, which identifies critical failure mechanisms by optimizing potential discontinuities in the soil mass. The research examines the influence of undrained shear strength (Su​), its gradient, and the excavation width-to-height ratio (B1​/H) on the safety factor, considering homogeneous and layered soil models. Results show that the safety factor increases with higher Su​ values but decreases as B1​/H increases. While the DLO method provides reliable predictions for homogeneous soils, but it shows limitations in layered soils. Therefore, for more accurate results in complex stratigraphy, integrating DLO with the Finite Element Method (FEM) is recommended.
A Study of the Partition of Unity-based T3-CNS and T3-DNS Finite Elements in Surface Fitting Istiono, Heri; Tjong, Wong Foek
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): MARCH 2026
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.28.1.11-22

Abstract

Various alternative, enhanced finite element methods (FEMs) have been proposed to improve the accuracy and convergence of traditional FEM. One promising approach is the hybrid FEM-meshfree method using the partition of unity concept. This study examines the performance of two variants of the hybrid-meshfree method: the three-node triangular element with continuous nodal stress (T3-CNS) and the three-node triangular element with discontinuous nodal stress (T3-DNS). These methods are evaluated in the context of surface fitting through numerical tests. Their accuracy and convergence are compared with the standard triangular element and Kriging-based FEM. The results show that both T3-CNS and T3-DNS methods maintain consistency and yield accurate surface approximations with good convergence. However, their performance declines in problems involving gradient singularities. This study enhances the understanding of T3-CNS and T3-DNS interpolations, providing insights into their application in a Galerkin method for solving engineering model problems.
Feeder Transportation Route Evaluation based on Origin-Destination Analysis and Land Function (Case Study of Trans Semarang Feeder 1A, Indonesia) Khosy, Hadyan Al-Muhith; Setiadji, Bagus Hario; Narendra, Alfa
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): MARCH 2026
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.28.1.46-53

Abstract

The Route modification for the Trans Semarang feeder line 1 resulted in the creation of feeder line 1A. To evaluate the effectiveness of this change in addressing critical community needs, an analysis was conducted. This study utilized passenger boarding and alighting data obtained through origin-destination surveys, combined with land use data from the Google Earth application. Findings revealed inconsistencies and fluctuations when comparing passenger movement patterns with land use values. The feeder transportation function was deemed effective, with the highest proportion of passengers (23.53%) boarding at the transit shelter. Conversely, the segment between Jalan Perkebunan and Desa Ngadirgo shelters exhibited the lowest passenger volume, attributed to long distances between shelters, extensive forested and plantation areas, and a one-way route. These factors suggest potential benefits of rerouting. Further research is recommended to comprehensively evaluate the broader implications of such modifications.
Capillary Imbibition of Concrete Containing Cold Bonded Fly Ash-Based Lightweight Aggregate in a Salt Environment Risdanareni, Puput; Sulton, Mohammad; Nindyawati, Nindyawati; Rosyidi, Ditya Hafidz; Ekaputri, Januarti Jaya; Razak, Rafiza Binti Abd.; Abdullah, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): MARCH 2026
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.28.1.23-33

Abstract

Cold bonded lightweight aggregate generated from fly ash (FA LWA) has become an interesting approach to increase the consumption of fly ash and prevent over-mining of natural aggregate. However, using the cold-bonded hardening method could increase the number of open pores in LWA, making the concrete containing this LWA face an increased risk of degradation due to water ingress. Thus, in this research, the effect of using FA LWA in concrete on the mechanical and transport properties in a salt environment is being investigated. Three aggregate replacement ratios of 0, 50, and 100% were applied, while the salt environment was mimicked with NaCl and Na2SO4 solutions. The results show that the optimum replacement rate of FA LWA was 50%. Regarding the transport properties, exposing concrete to a salt environment (NaCl or Na2SO4) proved to slow down the capillary imbibition rate slightly.
Finite Element Analysis of Plastic Behavior in RC Beam Supports with Composite Steel Deck Slabs under Cyclic Loading Brihaspati, Brihaspati; Saputra, Ashar; Setiawan, Angga Fajar; Sulistyo, Djoko
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): MARCH 2026
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.28.1.34-45

Abstract

The performance of beam supports is essential for seismic resilience, particularly under the Strong Column–Weak Beam (SCWB) principle. To improve construction efficiency, steel deck-based composite slabs are increasingly adopted as alternatives to conventional slabs. However, their impact on the plastic behavior of beam supports remains underexplored. This study evaluates the influence of steel deck slabs using finite element analysis in ABAQUS. Two beam-column joint models—conventional and modified—were subjected to cyclic loading according to FEMA 461. The models incorporated stiffness recovery, combined hardening for steel, and a cohesive zone model (CZM) for the concrete–steel deck interface. Results indicate that the steel deck model shows a wider hysteresis loop and 2.425% higher energy dissipation, but experiences earlier reinforcement yielding and greater stiffness degradation. Although ductility increases, plastic hinges form at nearly the same cycle. Overall, the steel deck system improves energy absorption and ductility but reduces elastic stiffness and accelerates inelastic behavior.
Assessment and Strengthening of Bolted Connections in the Mandomai Bowstring Bridge Constructed with Ulin Wood Subchan, Shafira Khairunnisa; Awaludin, Ali; Akbar, Miqdad Khosyi; Tama, Radika Gandi; Setiawan, Angga Fajar; Yudhistira, Angga Trisna; Irawati, Inggar Septhia; Triwiyono, Andreas
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 28 No. 1 (2026): MARCH 2026
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9744/ced.28.1.101-110

Abstract

This study assessed and proposed a retrofit strategy for bolted timber connections in the Mandomai pedestrian bridge, constructed from Ulin wood (Eusideroxylon zwageri). Numerical modeling, analytical evaluation using Eurocode 5 yield equations, and experimental validation were conducted. Axial forces from a global Midas Civil model under a 1.25 kN/m² live load showed three critical connections (S11, S13, S14) with demand-capacity ratios (DCR) exceeding 1.0. A retrofit using steel side plates and ASTM A325 bolts reduced DCRs to 0.79, 1.02, and 0.70, respectively. Experimental testing of limited full-scale double-shear wood-to-wood joints demonstrated an average ultimate capacity of 191 kN, which was 57.65% higher than the theoretical prediction, indicating the conservative nature of Eurocode 5 and the contribution of mechanisms such as the rope effect and frictional interlock. The results confirmed the retrofit’s effectiveness and highlighted the need to refine design provisions for dense tropical hardwoods.

Page 46 of 47 | Total Record : 466

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