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INDONESIA
Civil Engineering Journal
Published by C.E.J Publishing Group
ISSN : 24763055     EISSN : 24763055     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture
Civil Engineering Journal is a multidisciplinary, an open-access, internationally double-blind peer -reviewed journal concerned with all aspects of civil engineering, which include but are not necessarily restricted to: Building Materials and Structures, Coastal and Harbor Engineering, Constructions Technology, Constructions Management, Road and Bridge Engineering, Renovation of Buildings, Earthquake Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Highway Engineering, Hydraulic and Hydraulic Structures, Structural Engineering, Surveying and Geo-Spatial Engineering, Transportation Engineering, Tunnel Engineering, Urban Engineering and Economy, Water Resources Engineering, Urban Drainage.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,848 Documents
 175   176   177   178   179 
Impact of Water Quality and Sediments on the Riparian Vegetation of Andean Lake Salazar-Gámez, Lorena; Cárdenas-Calvachi, Gloria; Bolaños-Bolaños, Mario; Paz-Solarte, María; Bernal-Meneses, Angie; Camues-Sanchez, Jehison; Argoty-Oviedo, Daybed; Bolaños-Bolaños, William; Oliva-Pérez, Juan Daniel; Portilla-Gonzales, Miguel David; Armero-Bastidas, Daniel; Burbano-Guerrero, Ángela; López-Maya, Laura
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-08

Abstract

This study evaluates the quality of water and sediments in a high-altitude Andean lake designated as a RAMSAR wetland of international ecological importance called Guamuéz Lake (Laguna de la Cocha). The analysis focuses on their effects on riparian vegetation, particularly on Schoenoplectus californicus (Bulrush), a keystone species in the lacustrine ecosystem. Water and sediment samples were collected from areas under varying levels of anthropogenic pressure, including zones with and without visible degradation. Results indicate that agricultural runoff, aquaculture, and domestic wastewater discharges are major drivers of spatial and seasonal variability in water quality. Elevated biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were observed during the rainy season, suggesting increased organic matter input. Sediment analyses showed that impacted areas had higher concentrations of metals such as iron and manganese and significantly elevated microbial loads. Microbiological analysis of sediments revealed a 440% increase in total microbial colonies at impacted sites compared to unaffected ones, with fecal coliforms (FC) and total coliforms (TC) increasing by 191% and 513%, respectively. This suggests that wastewater contamination promotes anaerobic conditions detrimental to S. californicus root systems, possibly contributing to vegetation dieback. The findings underscore the importance of including sediment quality assessments in aquatic ecosystem monitoring, as key indicators of riparian vegetation decline may not be evident through water analysis alone. These results call for integrated and sustainable watershed management practices to mitigate human impact and preserve the ecological integrity of this internationally recognized wetland system.
Fracture Toughness of Fibrous Concrete Incorporated with Treated Recycled Aggregates Hano, Muna M. A.; Hano, Salwa M. A.; Ahmed, Sofyan Y.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-016

Abstract

This paper examines the effect of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) on the behavior of concrete, particularly when combined with different fiber mesh and treatment techniques. Recycled concrete aggregate was treated using two treatment methods. Method 1 used a mix of cement, silica fume, and water, while Method 2 combined cement, silica fume, water, sand, and superplasticizer. Two types of fiber, glass and polypropylene (plastic) fiber mesh, were placed across the expected crack path to study their effect on crack resistance. A total of 24 prisms were cast and tested. Tests measured slump, absorption, unit weight, compressive strength, and fracture toughness. The findings indicate that using recycled concrete aggregate decreases strength and workability compared to normal aggregate. Treated recycled aggregate enhanced the strength, especially in Method 2, which provided compressive strength even higher than normal aggregate. However, fracture toughness decreased due to the sudden formation of cracks. Interestingly, concrete made with untreated recycled concrete aggregate and glass fiber exhibited better crack resistance and fracture toughness. This study compares RCA treated using two different methods and reinforced with two types of fiber mesh, showing that minor changes in the mix design can enhance the behavior of concrete made with RAC.
Investigating the Influence of Functional Units on the Life Cycle Assessment of Asphalt Pavements Gouveia, Bruno G.; Donato, Marina; Corrêa do Nascimento, Filipe A.; da Silva, Marcelino A. V.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-014

Abstract

The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of asphalt pavements is an essential tool for reducing environmental impacts. The definition of the functional unit (FU) within LCA can significantly influence the results, affecting the assessment of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and, consequently, the selection of asphalt mixtures. In this context, this study aims to analyze the impact of different functional units on the selection of asphalt mixtures for road pavements, considering the phases of raw material extraction, material production, mixing, and construction. To this end, the mechanical behavior of two distinct asphalt mixtures was evaluated under two different loading conditions, and their contributions to climate change were assessed using three functional units: t CO₂ eq/km of roadway, kg CO₂ eq/t of HMA, and kg CO₂ eq/m³ of HMA. The results indicated that asphalt mixtures with a higher resilient modulus require thinner pavement layers, leading to lower GHG emissions. However, when asphalt mixtures are analyzed individually and compared, no clear pattern in GHG emissions is observed, reflecting the specific characteristics of each production process. Additionally, it was found that the environmental impact varied according to the adopted functional unit, demonstrating that this choice can significantly influence decision-making regarding the selection of asphalt mixtures in terms of their contributions to climate change. It was concluded that the selection of the FU in pavement LCA should be aligned with the study's objective and the context of the analysis, as an inadequate choice may compromise the selection of asphalt mixtures.
A Model to Estimate the Level of Passenger Satisfaction With the High-Speed Train Prayudi; Mulyono, Agus Taufik; Najid; Sari, Endah Murtiana
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-010

Abstract

Passenger satisfaction must be measured by operators providing high-speed train services, as it is directly related to passenger loyalty, which in turn ensures the business's sustainability. This study aims to measure passenger satisfaction with the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed train by developing a model that considers various factors significant in influencing user satisfaction. The quantitative method was developed by distributing questionnaires to 300 respondents, and the results were analyzed using SEM. The results of this study prove the existence of a model built from 5 (five) dimensions: the availability of information, accessibility, train comfort, emergency actions, and responses to complaints. The results of this study are expected to provide recommendations to the operator of the Jakarta-Bandung High Speed Train to evaluate the factors of 5 (five) dimensions that are considered important in forming a user satisfaction model for the service using a performance analysis matrix (IPA Diagram). According to the results of the IPA diagram, it is evident that the most urgent task for the operator is to consolidate with third parties related to the availability of modes to serve passengers who will continue their journey to Bandung, particularly for work and tourism purposes.
Numerical Assessment of Inter-Pillar Stability in Inclined Ore Bodies for Underground Mining Design Mussin, A.; Imashev, A.; Yeskenova, G.; Matayev, A.; Suimbayeva, A.; Zhunusbekova, G.; Shaike, N.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-06

Abstract

This paper presents a methodology for assessing the stability of stoping chambers and inter-chamber pillars (ICPs) during underground mining of ore bodies with varying dip angles. The objective is to determine optimal parameters for excavation elements (chamber width and pillar spacing) that ensure the stability of the mining system under fractured rock mass conditions. The Zhezkazgan deposit’s geomechanical properties were used as the modeling case study. The methodology includes geotechnical core mapping (with RQD, Q-system, and GSI classifications), laboratory strength testing, field–laboratory correlation, and numerical modeling using the finite element method. Particular focus is placed on the sensitivity of stability to variations in GSI, depth, and excavation geometry. The results indicate that increasing the dip angle significantly reduces the stability of both chambers and pillars. The novelty of this study lies in the comprehensive assessment of structural factors and excavation geometry on mass stability under site-specific geological conditions.
A Study on the Impact of Crystalline Hydrophilic Additive and Microcapsules on Concrete Freeze-Thaw Durability Gojević, Anita; Netinger Grubeša, Ivanka; Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-018

Abstract

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of a crystalline hydrophilic additive and chemical microcapsules in enhancing concrete’s freeze-thaw resistance at both material and structural levels. Three concrete mixes were tested: a reference mix, one with the crystalline additive and one with microcapsules. Cubic specimens were tested for compressive strength, water absorption and relative dynamic modulus of elasticity before, after and during 56 freeze-thaw cycles (according to CEN/TR 15177). The reinforced concrete beams underwent the same freeze-thaw regime and were tested under displacement-controlled cyclic loading to evaluate residual capacity and serviceability. Although both additives improved freeze-thaw resistance, beams with the microcapsule performed better on most criteria, including increased stiffness (+14%), load-bearing capacity (up to +22%) and ductility after freeze-thaw loading. Notably, all mixes showed an unexpected increase in compressive strength after cycling. Although the microcapsules provided the best overall performance, the crystalline additive was more effective in reducing water absorption. The study highlights the practical applicability of microcapsules for structural elements and demonstrates their potential to improve performance properties under harsh environmental conditions. The research novelty lies in the dual-level evaluation – material and structural – and the systematic comparison of two innovative additives, allowing a more comprehensive understanding of their performance under freeze-thaw conditions.
Application of Feldspar Sand in Non-Autoclaved Foam Concrete Technology Saduakassov, Mederbay; Lapin, Vladimir; Kopzhassarov, Bakhadyr; Tokmadzheshvili, Georgiy; Кushekov, Erlan; Ibraimbayeva, Gulnaz
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-021

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the possibility of producing non-autoclaved foam concrete of grade M35 with a density of 900 kg/m³. A distinctive feature of this development is the testing of twin samples from the same batch: some were steamed in a chamber at 90 °C under normal atmospheric pressure, while others were autoclaved at a pressure of 8 bar and a temperature of 170 °C. It was established that ordinary natural feldspar sands with a fineness modulus ranging from 1.43 to 2.45, containing quartz below the standard-regulated levels, can be used in the production of non-autoclaved foam concrete. It is not possible to obtain non-autoclaved D900 foam concrete of grade M35 strength using only cement, sand, and foaming agent. To achieve the specified strength, it is necessary to use coarse sand with a fineness modulus (FM) greater than 3, subjected to short-term grinding to reduce the FM to recommended values, and to additionally introduce sol-gel liquid glass. The novelty lies in the experimental confirmation of the features of strength formation in cellular concrete under both non-autoclaved and autoclaved curing conditions. Comparative tests showed that high strength in cellular concrete is achieved only when a chemical bond forms between the products of cement hydrolysis and hydration with quartz sand grains—conditions made possible through autoclaving.
Numerical Analysis of Ground Motion Topographic and Geological Effect: A Case Study of MOXI Platform Zhao, Shixing; Luo, Qirui; Tang, Yuanxu; Xia, Jing; Li, Yingmin; Zhang, Min
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-01

Abstract

The ground motion amplification effect influenced by diverse topographic and geological conditions was investigated to enhance the seismic design standards for mountain structures. A comprehensive series of two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical simulations was conducted. These simulations utilized idealized and real-world topographic models, meticulously considering various critical parameters, such as platform height, width, slope, surface angle, and soil properties. The results reveal that topographic and geological factors both significantly impact the ground motion amplification effect, with the maximum amplification factors frequently surpassing those stipulated by the current Chinese seismic code. Based on these findings, a refined and modified formula was developed for calculating the ground motion amplification factor that integrates the influences of height, width, slope, and geological conditions. The validity and feasibility of this modified formula were substantiated thoroughly through detailed comparisons between the actual observed values and the suggested values, demonstrating its potential to improve the safety and reliability of seismic design in mountainous regions substantially.
Effect of Incorporating Hematite Powder on Torsional Behavior of High Strength Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Members Abdulhasan, Mohammed S.; Chkheiwer, Aqeel H.
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-011

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the effect of hematite powder on the first cracking and ultimate torsional resistance, crack patterns, and angle of twist of high-strength concrete beams strengthened with steel fibers under pure torsion. The study was carried out in two stages. The first stage consisted of six hollow cross-section beams to determine the best ratio and type of steel fiber that provide the highest torsional resistance. The second stage aimed to find the optimal ratio of hematite powder that can improve the torsional resistance of high-strength steel fiber-reinforced concrete without causing implementation problems. This was achieved by testing six hollow cross-section beams with hematite ratios of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 3.5%, and 5% as cement replacements. The results showed that using hematite powder up to 2.5% as a cement replacement, combined with a 1.5% mix of steel fibers (50% end-hooked and 50% corrugated), increased both the first cracking and ultimate torque, along with a relative increase in the angle of twist. Additionally, it delayed crack development, reduced crack width, and increased the number of cracks at failure.
Projections of Land-Cover Change in a Tropical High-Andean Lake Madroñero Palacios, Sandra Milena; Muñoz Guerrero, Diego Andrés
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-017

Abstract

Land use and land cover change is one of the main drivers transforming high Andean ecosystems in Colombia. This study examines the spatial dynamics of land use in the La Cocha Ramsar Wetland between 1989 and 2020 and projects land cover scenarios to the year 2050 using spatial modeling techniques. Land cover maps for 1989 and 2020 were developed using satellite imagery and photo-interpretation, following the CORINE Land Cover methodology adapted for Colombia. A transition matrix and change indicators defined by the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM) were used for multitemporal analysis, allowing the identification of processes such as forest fragmentation and recovery, agricultural expansion, and the spread of pastures. Future projections were modeled with the Land Change Modeler (LCM) module in the IDRISI Selva software, incorporating biophysical and socioeconomic variables with significant association (Cramér’s V > 0.4). Eight dominant transitions were identified, and change potential maps were generated. The model was validated through random field sampling and a confusion matrix analysis, yielding a Kappa index of 0.76, indicating strong agreement between simulated and observed data. Results show that 91.06% of the area remained unchanged, while 8.94% underwent transformations attributed to human activities. A net increase of 66.75 ha in dense forest is projected by 2050, along with growth in fragmented forest areas and agro-pastoral mosaics.

Page 177 of 185 | Total Record : 1848

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