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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Potential of Trichoderma harzianum as Environmentally Friendly Natural Pesticides for Controlling Phytophthora in Duku Plants Abdilla, Triyuni Verza; Simamora, Edenia Septefine; Amelia, Zahra Dini; Mulyani, Putri Dwi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8611

Abstract

Duku fruit production in Jambi has begun to decline, one of the causes is stem cancer. This stem cancer disease is caused by the fungus Phytophthora sp. The symptoms caused by this disease are dry and soft bark like cork, wilted leaves and falling off until the tree finally dies. The purpose of this study was to isolate Phytophthora sp., characterize the morphology of the pathogen and test the ability of Trichoderma to inhibit the growth of Phytophthora sp. The research was conducted by calculating the percentage of inhibition starting from sampling the organs of the duku plant and continuing to the isolation stage. The antagonistic test of Phytophthora sp. against Trichoderma was carried out using the dual culture method (dual culture). The results showed that Phytophthora sp. can be obtained from the bark of plants, with characteristics of colonies that are textured like cotton, white in color, round in shape with uneven edges. Microscopic observation of fungal isolates showed that Phytophthora sp. has morphological characteristics in the form of round-oval conidia, non-septate mycelium and branched conidiophores. Trichoderma has the ability to inhibit the growth of Phytophthora sp. with an inhibitory power of 63.52%.
Effect of Miana Leaf Extract (Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br.) as a Natural Fungicide against Colletotrichum capsici on Chili Plants Khoirunisa, Sally; Windiyani, Intan Poespita; Yulianty, Yulianty
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8621

Abstract

Anthracnose disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum capsici causes rotting of ripe chili fruits and causes a decrease in chili production up to 80%. Excessive use of synthetic pesticides can cause problems for humans and the environment. Therefore, as an alternative, natural/vegetable pesticides that are more environmentally friendly can be used. Miana leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, saponins and steroid compounds that are known to be responsible for pesticide effects on plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of miana leaf extract as a natural fungicide and the best concentration in inhibiting the growth and development of Colletotrichum capsici fungus that causes anthracnose disease of chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.). The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatment used in the study was the concentration of miana leaf extract. The treatment used 5 concentrations of miana leaf extract (Plectranthus scutellarioides L.), namely: 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% and 20%. Each treatment was repeated 5 times. The parameters observed were the intensity of C. capsici fungus attack, plant height, plant wet weight, and plant dry weight. The results showed that the application of miana leaf extract (Plectranthus scutellarioides L.) had no effect on each parameter, namely the intensity of C.capsici fungal attack, plant height, plant wet weight, and plant dry weight.
Anatomy of Sarcotheca celebica’s vegetative organs growing in Morowali on Ultramafic and Limestone Soils Harso, Wahyu; Rasyiid, Mustafid; Ramadanil, Ramadanil; Umrah, Umrah; Iqbal, Moh.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8626

Abstract

Sarcotheca celebica is an endemic Sulawesi plant capable of growing in ultramafic and calcareous soils. The anatomical structure of its vegetative organs plays a role in adaptation to extreme environments. This study aimed to compare the anatomy of leaves, stems and roots of S. celebica in both soil types. Microscopic preparations of leaves, stems and roots were made with the Free Hand Section method, documented using Optilab Viewer 2.2, and measured with Image Raster 3. Statistical analysis was conducted with the T-test. The results showed anatomical variations in response to soil conditions. S. celebica plants in calcareous soil had longer and wider stomata, but with lower density than those in ultramafic soils. In addition, leaf and cuticle thickness were higher in S. celebica plants on calcareous soils. However, the peridemis/floem ratio in stems and peridermis/endodermis in roots did not show significant differences. Overall, S. celebica leaves were more responsive to soil differences than stems and roots. This study is important for understanding the mechanisms of plant adaptation to extreme soil conditions and the implications for the sustainability of the species in its natural habitat.
Utilization of Forest Plants as Spices by Women in Benua Kencana Village, Sintang Ellen Putri Yumita; Gusti Eva Tavita; Yusro, Fathul; Yeni Mariani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8696

Abstract

Spices have many benefits, especially as additional ingredients in cooking, traditional medicine and raw materials for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This study aims to identify forest plant species utilized as spices by women in Benua Kencana Village, Sintang Regency, and to understand their usage and processing practices. The research employed a survey method with semi-structured interviews involving 161 female respondents. Data analysis was conducted using Use Value (UV) and Fidelity Level (FL) to assess the degree of utilization and community trust in forest spice plants. The results indicate that the utilized plant parts include leaves, stems, fruits, and bark, serving various functions such as flavor enhancers (sweet, sour, and aromatic), tenderizers, preservatives, and neutralizers in cooking. The plants with the highest UV values (1.00) were Garcinia xanthochynus (asam kandis) and Pycnarrhena cauliflora (sengkubak), while those with the highest FL values (100%) included Pycnarrhena cauliflora (sengkubak), Eryngium foetidum (sumpak laut), Garcinia xanthochynus (asam kandis), Baccaurea motleyana (rambai), and Baccaurea angulata (benit). Women play a dominant role in the management and utilization of these spices, particularly in selecting, processing, and passing down knowledge about their uses. This study highlights the importance of documenting and preserving local knowledge to support food security and the conservation of natural resources.
The Diversity of Macrofungi in TWA Gunung Tunak, Central Lombok Sulastri, Meilinda Pahriana; Andini, Arista Suci; Basri, Hasan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8699

Abstract

Nature Tourism Parks (TWA) Gunung Tunak primarily serves the purpose of nature conservation, emphasizing ecotourism due to its stunning coastal landscapes. Currently, there is a significant lack of documented information regarding the diversity and potential of macrofungi in this protected area. This study aims to assess the diversity of macrofungi found within TWA Gunung Tunak and explore their potential applications. The research was conducted using the line transect and plot method, with samples collected along three transect lines in the study area. Each transect comprised ten plots, each measuring 10 x 10 meters and spaced 10 meters apart. The data collected were analyzed using the Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (H'). A total of 11 species of macrofungi from six families were identified: Polyporaceae, Irpicaceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Gloeophyllaceae, Stereaceae, and Xylariaceae. The family Polyporaceae had the highest representation, with five species (Hexagonia sp., Trametes sp., Microporus sp., Daedalopsis sp., and Podofomes sp.), followed by Hymenochaetaceae, which included the species Phylloporia sp. and Phellinus sp. The remaining families were represented by only one species each, including Irpicaceae (Irpex sp.), Gloeophyllaceae (Gloeophyllum sp.), Stereaceae (Stereum sp.), and Xylariaceae (Xylaria sp.). The diversity index indicates a moderate level of macrofungal diversity from all the trails in the study area, influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, seasonal changes, moisture, and rainfall. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential of these macrofungal species as sources of medicinal and nutritional value.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Ants Nest Plant Extract (Hydnophytum formicarum Jack.) on The Growth of Test Microbials Nurmiati, Nurmiati; Periadnadi, Periadnadi; Putra, Wahyu Dwisa; Syafrina, Vellin Putri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8700

Abstract

Ant nest plants are epiphytic plants that contain active compounds that act as antimicrobials. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of ant nest plant extracts, determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Maximum Killing Concentration (MBC) of test microbes, determine the presence of polyphenols from several ant nest extracts. The method used in this study is the nested pattern experiment method. The results showed that dry brew extract + lime gave a significantly different effect on dry brew extract and dry boil against E. coli and S aureus, but did not give a significantly different effect on C. albicans. The MIC of dry brewed extract + lime against E. coli, S.aureus, and C. albicans is 3.12%, 1.5% and 25%, and is able to kill with an MIC of 6.25%, 3.12% , and 50%. The polyphenol value in the dry brewed extract + lime was 11.28 mgGAE/mL, the dry brewed extract was 9.94 mgGAE/mL, and the dry boiled extract was 4.13 mgGAE/mL. The antioxidant value of dry brewed extract + lime with an IC50 value of 78.14 μg/ml, dry brewed extract with an IC50 value of 98.68 μg/ml in the strong activity category and dry boiled extract with an IC50 value of 106.24 μg/ml in the medium activity category.
A DNA Barcoding Multilocus Analysis in the Cucurbitaceae Family Nurbaiti, Nurbaiti; Roslim, Dewi; Herman, Herman
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8702

Abstract

The Cucurbitaceae family is a very diverse family of angiosperms and is often used as a traditional medicine because it produces secondary metabolites in the form of Cucurbitacin B, D, E, and I. The identification and determination of filogeny between species in the Cucurbitaceae family using a single DNA barcode locus is still inefficient. The purpose of this study is to analyze the appropriate and effective combination of DNA barcode multiloci for species identification from the Cucurbitaceae family. The materials used in this study are the database ofns matK, rbcL, ITS and trnL-F IGS from the Cucurbitaceae Family and the outgroup, namely Tetrameles nudiflora which was explored from Genbank through the NCBI website, and then performed MSA (Multiple Sequence Alignment) using MAFFT v.7 software. and sequence editing using Bioedit v.7.2. then DNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree construction using MEGA 11. The results show that the ITS locus is the most efficient barcode to identify and distinguish species in the Cucurbitaceae family. The combination of multiloci of the ITS, matk, and trnL-trnF IGS also has the potential to identify and differentiate species in the Cucurbitaceae family on the condition that ITS must be included (be the main locus) and not include rbcL because of its low variability.
Butterfly Species Richness in Different Habitats of Pontianak City, West Kalimantan Bibas, Elpe; Kurnia, Fitriyan; Raynaldo, Adityo; Marista, Etha; Wahyuni, Muftiah Yasi Dwi; Linda, Riza
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8715

Abstract

Urbanization drives biodiversity loss, but green spaces in Pontianak City may still serve as important refuges for butterflies. This study aims to assess butterfly species richness across different habitat types in Pontianak City, including agricultural, agroforestry, city parks, suburban areas, and marginal lands. Data were collected using the time-constrained counts method with a 30-minute observation period per site. Species richness was estimated using Chao1 estimator, diversity was analyzed with Hill numbers, and species composition was compared using the Chao-Sørensen similarity. A total of 438 individuals from 50 species were recorded. Agroforestry, suburban areas, and city parks exhibited relatively similar levels of species richness (28, 26, and 25 species, respectively), with agroforestry demonstrating the highest species richness and diversity (Shannon = 20, Simpson = 16). Conversely, agricultural areas (14 species) and marginal lands (7 species) showed comparatively lower species richness. The highest estimated species richness was found in city park habitats (36 species). Agricultural and marginal lands had the highest species similarity (0.77), whereas agroforestry and marginal lands had the lowest (0.22). These findings highlight agroforestry, suburban areas, and city parks as key conservation areas for butterflies. Habitat management strategies should prioritize these habitats to support butterfly diversity in Pontianak City.
The Effect of Biofertilizer on the Incubation of Cattle Manure of Kailan (Brassica olearaceae) Asyhad, Firmansyah Nur; Aisyah, Aisyah; Miska, Moh. Ega Elman; Saputry, Dinda Helma
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8722

Abstract

The production of kailan can be improved by maintaining soil fertility. This study aims to determine the effect of incubation duration and biofertilizer application, as well as the interaction between incubation duration and biofertilizer application, on the growth and yield of kailan plants. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was incubation duration with four treatment levels: no incubation (I0), 1-week incubation (I1), 2-week incubation (I2), and 3-week incubation (I3). The second factor was the application of biofertilizer at three concentration levels: no biofertilizer (D0), biofertilizer application at 15 ml/L (D1), and biofertilizer application at 30 ml/L (D2). The results showed that the incubation of cattle manure significantly affected the growth and yield of kailan plants. Cattle manure incubation affected plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh plant weight, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh root weight, and dry root weight, especially during the 3-week incubation (I3). Biofertilizer application affected plant height, stem diameter, and fresh plant weight at concentrations of 15 ml/L (D1) and 30 ml/L (D2).
Addition of Glycerol as A Growth Stabilizer for Trichoderma asperellum in Bran-Based Growth Media Chahyunisa, Alifia; Anhar, Azwir
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8724

Abstract

Biofertilizer is a fertilizer that contains microorganisms that increase plant fertility and reduce environmental pollution. One of the microorganisms that can be used as a biofertilizer is Trichoderma asperellum. Trichoderma can be cultured in several growth media, one of which is bran. In an effort to extend the shelf life of Trichoderma, glycerol is added as a stabilizer.This research aims to see how the addition of glycerol affects the shelf life of Trichoderma asperellum. This reserach is experimental research. Data were analyzed  using a completely randomized design (RAL). The treatment given in this research was by adding glycerol to the T. asperellum growth medium. T. asperellum cultures which were cultured in liquid bran-based media which were given glycerol and which not given glycerol were observed for spore growth, then the spore density was counted using a haemocytometer every 15 days. The research results obtained were that T. asperellum was able to survive in the growth medium for 45 days and had no real effect because it was unable to maintain the number of T. asperellum spores.

Page 181 of 252 | Total Record : 2520

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