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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 429 Documents
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Nutritional Evaluation of Sago of Gebang Tree (Corypha utan Lamk) from Different Locations in West Timor - Indonesia for Broilers C. L. Nalle; Helda Helda; B. Masus; J. Malo
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.48

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of sago from different locations in West Timor, Indonesia for broilers. Experiment I aimed at determining the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and nutrient digestibility of sago from different locations. A total of 120 broilers (unsexed, age 21 d) were randomly distributed to 24 metabolic cages (5 birds/cage). The experimental design was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The experimental diets were a basal diet (maize-soy) and 5 treatment diets which were a mixture of basal ration (75%) and sago (25%) from different locations. Experiment II was about performance trials. Two different basal diets were formulated, supplemented with synbiotics and fed to 200 birds (unsexed, 10 birds/pen). The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial CRD. With the exception of phytate and phenol contents, the results showed that the location affected (p<0.05 to 0.01) the contents of dry matter, crude protein, and crude fiber, tannins, NDF, ADF, flavonoids, AME/n, and starch digestibility of sago. The location did not affect (p>0.05) ash, crude fat, starch, Ca, P, and gross energy contents of sago. Basal diets affected (p<0.05 to 0.001) all performance traits. Except for BWG, synbiotics did not affect (p>0.05) the performance of the birds. In conclusion, the nutrient composition and digestibility of sago are affected by locations. Sago is rich in starch and high in AME values, but poor sources of calcium, phosphor, and protein. Sago contains fiber, tannin, phytate, flavonoids, and phenol. Sago diets improved the performance of broilers. Synbiotics did not improve the performance of birds.
The Addition of Chitosan to GnRH Analog Induces Ovarian Resumption and Improves Conception Rates in Buffaloes Y. A. Amin; A. Said
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.1

Abstract

During hot season, female buffaloes suffer from ovarian inactivity due to hormonal insufficiency. Therefore, impaired reproductive efficiency causes low productivity of female buffaloes. The present study aimed to compare the effect of chitosan and/or insulin addition to GnRH analog during modified Ovsync program on ovarian response and pregnancy establishment in postpartum anestrous buffaloes during low breeding during the summer season. This study was carried out in buffaloes (N=135) suffering from ovarian inactivity during the summer season. The animals were divided into three treated equal groups, i.e., Group (1) basic Ovsync protocol, Group (2) insulin-sync protocol, and Group (3) chitosan-sync protocol. Blood samples were analyzed for progesterone, estradiol, and insulin concentrations before and after treatment. Follicular dynamics were studied through transrectal scanning of the ovaries. The results revealed that administration of insulin to GnRH analog (G2) significantly increased the diameter of the largest follicle and improved the conception rate compared to basic Ovsync protocol (G1). The addition of chitosan to GnRH analog (G3) caused a significant increase in the estrous induction rates (86.6%), increased the size of the largest follicle (p<0.05), and improved conception rates (76.9%) compared to basic Ovsync protocol (G1). Serum progesterone concentrations increased after treatment (p<0.05) in all groups indicating the resumption of ovarian activity. In addition, serum estradiol concentration increased after treatment in G2 and G3 (p<0.05) compared to G1. Therefore, we conclude that the addition of chitosan to GnRH analog induces ovarian resumption and improves conception rates. Subsequently, chitosan-sync protocol can be used in the treatment of the great infertility problem of postpartum anestrous during summer season in buffaloes. Furthermore, this protocol avoids the repeated injection of the animal as in insulin-sync protocol, so that protect the animal from more injection pains in addition to the decreases cost and duration of treatment.
Performance, Intestinal Histomorphology, and Blood Variables of Broilers Fed Amaranth Grain in Pellet Diet A. H. Alizadeh-Ghamsari; S. A. Hosseini; M. R. Soleymani; R. Nahavandi
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.71

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of amaranth grain in pellet diet on performance, intestinal morphology of jejunum, and selected blood variables of broilers. A total of 400 seven-day-old Ross 308 male broilers were allocated to 4 treatments with 5 replicates of 20 birds in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments were included 4 levels of amaranth grain (0% (control), 2%, 4%, and 6%) in the isonitrogenous and isocaloric pellet diets. During the experiment, body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) were recorded weekly and average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), as well as European broiler index (EBI), were calculated. On day 42, blood sera and jejunal tissue samples were obtained from 6 birds per replicate to evaluate morphological variables including villus height, villus width, and crypt depth, as well as selected blood variables. Although intestinal morphology and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were not influenced by experimental treatments, birds receiving 2% amaranth grain showed higher BW, ADG, and EBI compared to the other treatments (p<0.05). Chickens fed with diets including various levels of amaranth grain showed the decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol concentrations in the blood sera and reduced relative weight of abdominal fat compared to the control (p<0.05). Dietary addition of amaranth grain up to the level of 2% could improve the performance of broiler chickens, decreased blood cholesterol and LDL levels, and relative weight of abdominal fat which may have healthful effects on the birds and broiler-meat-consumers.
Prediction Accuracy Improvement of Indonesian Dairy Cattle Fiber Feed Compositions Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Local Database Despal Despal; L. A. Sari; R. Chandra; R. Zahera; I. G. Permana; L. Abdullah
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 43 No. 3 (2020): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2020.43.3.263

Abstract

The accuracy of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) depends on the database generated from the conventional wet chemistry (CWC). Currently, the local database of fiber-source feeds for tropical dairy cattle are still limited. The study aimed to compare CWC and NIRS initial database (NIRSID) results, to predict CWC from NIRSID, and to improve the accuracy of NIRS prediction using local database (NIRSLD). Five feeds as sources of fiber (Napier grass, natural grass, corn leaves, corn husk, and rice straw) from 4 areas of dairy cattle farming were used (4 farms from each area). For external calibration, 20 independent Napier grass samples were tested. Samples were analyzed using NIRS and CWC to measure dry matter (DM), ash, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and silica (Si) to calculate hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin contents. The results obtained by NIRSID were compared to those obtained by CWC using T-test. Predictions of CWC from the results obtained by NIRSID were attempted using regressions. The NIRSLD was developed by inputting the CWC value to NIRS spectrums. Internal calibration and validation as well as external calibration, were run. The results showed that NIRSID has low capacity in determining CWC (R2<0.683). Calibration using local database (NIRSLD) improved CWC prediction accuracy (residual predictive deviation (RPD) > 2 except for DM, EE, CF, ADL, and lignin). External validation showed that CWC and NIRSLD were similar in all parameters (p<0.05). The ratios of the standard error of prediction (SEP) to the standard error of laboratory (SEL) were > 2 for CP, CF, and ADF. It is concluded that the local database of NIRS of fiber-source feeds is necessary to improve the prediction accuracy of local dairy fiber-source feeds values using NIRS.
Optimization of Pulsation Rate of the Milking System for the Mammary Gland Remodeling during Involution in Thai Crossbred Holstein Cows A. Tiantong; K. Sasiwimonrit; S. Saengwong; W. Inyawilert; A. Chaokaur; S. E. Chen
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.32

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of pulsation rate of the milking machine on the proteinous components and gelatinase activity in the mammary secretion for optimal tissue remodeling during the dry period in tropical dairy cows. Nine healthy primiparous Thai crossbred Holstein cows (75%HF) were milked with various pulsation rates (50, 60, and 70 cycles/min) one week after calving. The total protein contents of the secretions increased along the time course in 50 and 60 cycles/min groups but not in 70 cycles/min group and were not different among the 3 groups along the time course. Lactoferrin and BSA abundance of the 3 groups as well as γ-globulin in 50 and 70 cycles/min groups also increased in a time-dependent manner, in which only γ-globulin abundance in 60 cycles/min group 14 days before drying off and lactoferrin in 50 cycles/min group 14 days after drying off were significantly higher than those of the other 2 groups. In tissue remodeling by gelatinase activity analysis, 50 cycles/min group showed dramatic increases of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 activities after drying off, whereas 60 and 70 cycles/min groups had a significant but a smaller change (p<0.05) along the time course. Cows with 60 cycles/min exhibited dramatic increases of MMP-9 and MMP-2 activities than the other groups before drying off (p<0.05). The findings suggested that milking pulsation rate at 60 cycles/min resulted in higher activity of remodeling during mammary involution and thus may benefit the renewal and health of the udder in the long run.
Vertical and Horizontal Integration in the Profitability of Malaysian Broiler Firms Y. S. Tey; P. Arsil
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.115

Abstract

Vertical integration has been widely promoted for offering production, transaction, and market benefits in the poultry industry. These benefits must be translated into profitability – a proxy of competitive advantage. This study aimed to identify the financial effect underlying the degree of backward, forward, and horizontal integration, alongside the financial strength and management capability of broiler firms. We used random-effects general least squares to analyze a panel dataset of broiler firms that publicly listed in Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange Malaysia for the 2006-2018 period. Support is found for the hypothesis that forward integration enhanced profitability. In comparison, the operating margin had a greater influence on broiler firms’ financial performance. Notwithstanding value chain development, the relative findings suggest that efficiency remains a priority in a commodity-based broiler market. It is thus recommended that management capability be emphasized.
Typology of Dairy Production Systems Based on Management Strategies in Paraná State, Brazil R. C. M. Tramontini; F. I. Bánkuti; M. S. S. Pozza; E. M. Massuda; J. C. Damasceno; A. M. Dias; C. C. B. F. Ítavo; L. C. V. Ítavo; G. T. Santos
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.123

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the typology of dairy production systems in Paraná State using management characteristics related to nutrition, milking, and technical aspects. We applied, in loco, 105 surveys in dairy production systems - DPS, located in Paraná State, Brazil. Variables related to farm structure, farmer social characteristics, and management practices applied in dairy systems, were collected. Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) was used and resulted in three management factors, i.e., F1 (Nutrition Management), F2 (Technical Management), and F3 (Milking Management). Using factorial scores, cluster analysis was employed to identify homogeneous groups of dairy production systems. The dairy production systems in G2 (N=84 DPS) was characterized by prioritizing nutritional management (F1), which was the opposite result presented by G1 (N=21 DPS). The structural features and social characteristics of G1 and G2 were compared (T-test). The results indicated a great heterogeneity for the structural and productive characteristics of the analyzed dairy systems and socioeconomic characteristics of their managers. Results also indicate that producers with less structure and scale of production (Group 1), need more technical guidance in production system management. For producers with larger structures and scales of production (Group 2), continuous improvement investments are suggested in the three factors analyzed in this work - nutritional, technical, and milking. Such actions may maintain or increase the production and productivity results in these dairy systems. It is concluded that aspects related to nutritional management are the ones that mark the biggest difference between the cases analyzed, followed respectively by factors of technical management and milking management. Typology of dairy systems that adopt greater attention to nutritional management practices is characterized by a greater production structure and greater productivity when compared to a typology of dairy systems that prioritize actions of technical system management and milking management.
Administration of Fermented Averrhoa bilimbi L. Fruit Filtrate on Growth, Hematological, Intestinal, and Carcass Indices of Broilers A. Pratama; I. Mareta; T. Yudiarti; H. I. Wahyuni; E. Widiastuti; S. Sugiharto
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.79

Abstract

The study investigated the effects of administration of graded levels of fermented Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit filtrate in drinking water on the growth performance, hematological variables, intestinal ecology, and carcass characteristics of broilers. The experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design. Two hundred day-old-Lohmann broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 4 treatment groups, each consisting of 5 replications with 10 chicks in each replication. The treatments were administration of fermented A. bilimbi L. fruit filtrate through drinking water at concentrations of 0% (CONT), 0.5% (FAB05), 1.0% (FAB1), and 2.0% (FAB2). Blood was sampled on days 21 and 33, while intestinal segments and digesta were collected on day 33. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved (p<0.05) with the increased concentrations of fermented filtrate in drinking water. Body weight, cumulative feed intake, and mortality of broilers were not affected by the treatments. On day 21, thrombocytes decreased (p<0.05) with the increased concentrations of fermented filtrate. On day 33, leukocytes and lymphocytes were lower (p<0.05) in treated chicks than in control. On day 21, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased (p<0.05) with the enhanced fermented filtrate concentrations. On day 33, creatinine and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased (p<0.05) following the increased fermented filtrate concentration in drinking water. Fermented fruit filtrate increased (p<0.05) jejunal villi height and ileal crypt depth. Fermented filtrate also resulted in higher (p<0.05) pH values of jejunum. The Enterobacteriaceae counts in the ileum decreased (p<0.05) with the increased fermented filtrate concentration in drinking water. Fermented fruit filtrate decreased (p<0.05) the liver and caeca weights and increased (p<0.05) the proventriculus weight. In conclusion, administration of 2% of fermented A. bilimbi L. fruit filtrate (pH 1.83) through drinking water improved FCR, physiological condition, and intestinal ecology of broilers. The addition of fermented fruit filtrate up to 2% in drinking water did not exert a negative effect on the carcass characteristics of broilers.
Performance of Male Layer Fed Ration Containing Green Algae (Spirogyra jaoensis) Extract A. R. Ramadhanti; N. O. J. Puspita; C. F. Refalta; H. Kurnianto; H. T. S. Saragih
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.100

Abstract

Some plant extracts containing natural antimicrobial compounds can be used as either feed supplements or alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP). A plant known as green algae (Spirogyra jaoensis), is one of the species of green algae group. This study aimed to determine the effect of feeding a diet containing S. jaoensis ethanolic extract on the performance of male layer. A complete randomized model was used for experimental design in various variables. This study was conducted with 240 male layer day-old chick (DOC) (31.0±1.25 g) divided into 5 treatment groups. Each group consisted of 48 birds, with 3 replicates and 16 birds for each replicate. Dietary treatments tested namely, Con: control (without S. jaoensis), EGA1: Con + S. jaoensis extract at 0.05%, EGA2: Con + S. jaoensis extract at 0.1%, EGA3: Con + S. jaoensis extract at 0.25%, and EGA4: Con + S. jaoensis extract at 0.5%. Three chickens from each triplicate were taken and decapitated on the neck and the surgery was performed for histological preparations. The variables observed were villi height, cryptic depth, villi/crypt ratio, goblet cell area of the small intestine, thymus organ weight, myofiber area, fasciculus area, muscle surface area of Pectoralis thoracicus muscle, and growth performance in 14-day-old chickens. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). If it was significant, a Tukey-test was performed with a significance level at p≤0.05. The results showed that small intestinal morphology, muscle morphology, and growth performance of the EGA4 chicken group increased significantly compared to controls (p≤0.05). This study concludes that the administration of S. jaoensis ethanolic extract improves morphology of the small intestine, morphometry of thymus organs, Pectoralis thoracicus muscle performance, and growth performance in male layer.
Characteristics and Potential Production of Frozen Semen of Pasundan Bull Santoso Santoso; Herdis Herdis; R. I. Arifiantini; A. Gunawan; C. Sumantri
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.24

Abstract

Pasundan cattle are one of the Indonesian domestic resources of animal-genetic materials that need to be developed and conserved. The aims of this study were to evaluate the characteristics of sperm and the potential production of frozen semen of Pasundan bulls. Ten Pasundan bulls were divided into two groups based on their fresh sperm motilities. Pasundan bulls were grouped based on their sperm motilities into group A (70-79%) and group B (80-89%). Secondary data were collected and confirmed with the primary data. The semen volume, pH, color, consistency, mass movement, sperm concentration, motility, viability, membrane integrity, abnormality, and DNA integrity of fresh semen were evaluated. The semen was then diluted, frozen, and stored at -196°C. The results showed that the pH of the fresh semen in group B was lower (p<0.05) than group A. Sperm concentration per ejaculate showed no difference with a range of 4312.36x106 to 6303.52x106. The viability and DNA integrity of fresh semen were not different between group A (84.41±0.99%; 91.19±0.79%) and group B (86.35±2.16%; 92.58±0.35%). DNA integrity of frozen semen of group B (89.81±1.18%) was higher (p<0.05) than that of group A (86.83±0.60%). The sperm motility of frozen semen of group A (<40%) was lower compared to SNI number 4869-1:2017. The frozen semen production of Pasundan bulls was between 144.18 to 191.29 straws/ejaculate. In conclusion, only bulls from fresh-semen sperm motility 80%-89% (group B) are eligible to be used as a semen source for artificial insemination.

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