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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 429 Documents
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Association of a Synonymous SNP of INHA Gene with Litter Size Trait in Indonesian Thin-Tailed Sheep Abuzahra, M.; Wijayanti, D.; Effendi, M. H.; Mustofa, I.; Munyaneza, J. P.; Eid, L. A.; Ugbo, E. N.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.273

Abstract

The inhibin alpha (INHA) serves as a marker for the number of fully developed ovarian follicles and plays a crucial role in regulating the secretion of pituitary FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and the frequency of ovulation. This study aims to examine the effect of INHA gene polymorphisms on the litter size of thin-tailed sheep. Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the INHA gene was performed using PCR and DNA sequencing techniques. A total of 45 ewes were included in the study. Three SNPs were identified: g.236311141G>C, g.236311367G>A, and g.236311368G>A. Further investigation of the g.236311367G > A variant revealed that individuals with the GA genotype had a significantly higher litter size than those with the AA or GG genotype (p<0.05). SNPs at positions g.236311141G/C and g.236311368G/A were non-synonymous mutations resulting in amino acid changes p.A225P and V301I, respectively. Our results suggest that g.236311367G>A loci may serve as a potential molecular marker for improving the litter size trait in thin-tailed sheep.
Reproductive Performance and Physiological Responses in Awassi Ewes Under Intravaginal Sponges Application and Fed Selenium and Vitamin E Saeed, O. A.; Ahmed, N. K.; Taha, M. M.; Abedal-Majed, M. A.; Ali, F. M.; Samsudin, A. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.265

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the impact of feeding selenium (Se) and vitamin E on the physiological and reproductive performance of 18 multiparous Awassi ewes through the breeding season. The ewes received three levels of oral selenium-vitamin E for 60 days until the study was completed. The experimental ewes were assigned into three groups; the control group (SE0) received 2 mL of sterile saline per head, the second group (SE1) received 1.5 mL/head Se and vitamin E (150 mg α-Tocopherol acetate + 0.15 mg Sodium selenite), while the third group (SE2) received 3 mL/head (150 mg α-Tocopherol acetate + 0.15 mg Sodium selenite). The SE1 and SE2 groups demonstrated significant highest (p<0.05) rate of conception and overall pregnancy. The study results showed the lambing rate in the SE2 group increased significantly (p<0.05) compared to the other groups. All groups had low plasma progesterone levels on day 14, even though concentrations increased in SE0 and SE1, which had higher progesterone levels than SE2. SE1 had the highest estrogen concentration on day 16 compared to SE0 and SE2. On day 14, the SE0 group had a significantly lower ALT enzyme compared to the SE1 and SE2 groups. SE1 had significantly lower mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC), and platelets (PLT) concentrations than the other two groups. Overall, the estrus synchronization program and the administration of Se and vitamin E resulted in a significant improvement in pregnancy and lambing rates among Awassi ewes. Physiological and reproductive potential of sheep can be increased by improving their diet throughout the period of reproduction by including Se and vitamin E.
Morphological and Productive Correlations of Cutting Pennisetum Varieties Under Conditions of Peruvian Humid Tropics Pinchi-Carbajal, S. F.; Quispe-Ccasa, H. A.; Ampuero-Trigoso, G.; Nolasco-Lozano, E.; Saucedo-Uriarte, J. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.363

Abstract

Livestock farming in the Peruvian tropics is based on the use of grazing forage, but cutting grasses offers greater productivity and seasonality advantages. In this study, the morphological and productive characteristics of King Grass Morado (KGM), Cuba OM-22 (CU), and Maralfalfa (MA) were evaluated and correlated with chlorophyll content under Peruvian humid tropic conditions. Five plots of 1 ha each were installed for the three Pennisetum varieties (2-1-2), with three samples per plot. No significant differences were found in plant height, leaf length, number of nodes, number of leaves/stem, number of stems, stem circumference, length of nodes, leaf, stems, and total weight, chlorophyll index (atLEAF CLOR), performance index (API), and dry matter. KGM stood out in tillering (12.86) (p<0.01), but CU and MA showed greater leaf width (4.16 and 4.42 cm, respectively) (p<0.05). The calculated biomass production was 40.3 t/ha for KGM, 24.5 t/ha for MA, and 76.5 t/ha for CU. MA had higher nitrogen (0.70%) and protein (4.33%) contents (p<0.01). The correlations were significant between stem height with the number of nodes and leaf width, stem circumference with stem, leaf, and total weight (p<0.05), and nitrogen and protein content were estimated with the atLEAF CLOR and API values of the basal leaves with R2 = 0.548 and R2 = 0.563, respectively (p<0.05). In conclusion, KGM, CU, and MA differed in some morphological and productive variables and were correlated with others; furthermore, the protein content could be estimated with the atLEAF CLOR and API values in these Pennisetum varieties.
Chemometrics Assisted LC-HRMS Non-Targeted Metabolomics for Discrimination of Beef, Chicken, and Wild Boar Meats Windarsih, A.; Rohman, A.; Khasanah, Y.; Erwanto, Y.; Abu Bakar, N. K.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.381

Abstract

Meat authentication is very important to avoid adulteration, substitution, and mislabeling of meats and meat-based products to protect consumers by ensuring quality, safety, and halal status. This research aimed to employ metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to identify metabolites of beef (BM), chicken meat (CM), and wild boar meat (WBM) as well as to identify the discriminating metabolites of BM-WBM and CM-WBM. The chemometrics of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to differentiate BM, CM, and WBM. The orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to discriminate and identify discriminating metabolites of BM-WBM and CM-WBM through the variable importance for projections (VIP) value analysis (VIP>1.50, p<0.05). The heatmap plot showed the distribution of discriminating metabolites in BM, CM, and WBM samples. The results of this study suggested that untargeted LC-HRMS successfully identified metabolites in meats. In addition, chemometrics could be used to discriminate between BM, CM, and WBM clearly. In summary, the combination of LC-HRMS and chemometrics is promising for the authentication of meats to ensure the quality as well as halal status of meats.
Performance of Thin-Tailed Sheep Fed Cassava Peel Silage-Based Diet with Different Protein Supplements Mashudi; Kusmartono; Ndaru, P. H.; Kartika, A. D.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.354

Abstract

Growing sheep using native grass or crop byproducts has been commonly practiced by farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Better growth rates can be achieved when protein and energy sources are combined in the ration. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding cassava peel silage (CPS) and different protein sources on the growth of sheep fed a maize stover-based diet. Twenty-four growing sheep aged 8-10 months and weighing 17.24 ± 1.87 kg were used, and they were kept in individual cages that allowed the measurements of feed intake, feces, and urine secreted per animal. The treatments applied were T1: rice bran (0.75% BW)+Urea (2% CPS); T2: (50% rice bran + 50% copra meal in 1.5% BW); T3: cassava leaf hay (1% BW); and T4: sunflower leaf hay (1% BW). All treatments provided maize stover (MS) at 0.5% of body weight and CPS ad libitum. The variables measured were nutrient intake and digestibility, rumen fermentation, and live weight gain (LWG). The results revealed that the treatments had a significant increase (p<0.01) in the digestibility of CP, EE, CF, NDF, and ADF and reduced the amount of methane gas (CH4). Additionally, the treatments had a significant increase (p<0.01) in some variables such as N retention, LWG, and reduced FCR. Furthermore, the treatments significantly increased (p<0.05) NH3, propionic acid, and the C2/C3 ratio, but they did not have a significant effect on pH, acetic acid, or butyric acid content. In summary, the T3 treatment improved live weight gain (LWG) and decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in thin-tailed sheep.
Growth Performance, Apparent Ileal Digestibility, and Nutrient Transporter Gene Expressions of Broilers Fed Seaweed-Supplemented Diets Azizi, M. N.; Loh, T. C.; Foo, H. L.; Izuddin, W. I.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.333

Abstract

Seaweed provides macro-, micro-nutrients, and biological bioactive components that may improve broiler production. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of various levels of brown seaweed (BS) and green seaweed (GS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, apparent ileal digestibility (AID), and hepatic growth and nutrient transporter gene expressions. The study followed a completely randomized design (CRD) (twelve treatments, six replicates, and seven birds per replicate). The dietary treatments contained: basal diet [negative control (NC)], basal diet + vitamin E (100 mg/kg feed) [positive control (PC)], basal diet + 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, and 1.25% BS and GS, respectively. The data were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) of the statistical analysis system (SAS 9.4) by one-way ANOVA. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test was used to assess the significant differences between treatment groups at p<0.05. Various levels of BS and GS (p<0.05) improved body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed intake (FI) at the starter phase. No significant effects were observed in the carcass characteristics. The AID of crude protein (CP), organic matter (OM), and dry matter (DM) during the starter phase were significantly improved. The hepatic growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene had increased expression in birds fed 0.50% and 0.75% of GS-contained diets. Similarly, birds fed 0.50% of BS and 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75% of GS had higher (p<0.05) expression of the hepatic Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) gene. Furthermore, there were no significant effects on the intestinal nutrient transporters genes, including aminopeptidase (APN), glucose transporter (SGLT5), and oligopeptide transporter (PepT1) at the jejunum tissue. It was therefore concluded that different levels of BS and GS in the broiler chickens’ diet improved the starter period growth performance and nutrient digestibility.
The Metagenomic Analysis of the Pig Digestive System Microbiome as a Basis for Disease Control on Farming in Tangerang District, Indonesia Endrakasih, E.; Pazra, D. F.; Wahyuningsih
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.280

Abstract

Characteristics of microbiome of the pig’s digestive tract play an important role in the animal’s physiology, including metabolism, nutrient processing, the body’s immune response, and disease resistance. This study aims to analyze the abundance and diversity of microorganisms (pathogenic and non-pathogenic) from the digestive system of pigs on farms in Tangerang District. The samples used in this research were pig feces from 43 pig farms in Tangerang District. Then DNA extraction was carried out using the Zymo Quick-DNA Fecal/Soil Microbe Kit according to manufacturing procedures. Sequencing was performed using an MGI DNBSEQ-G50 machine with a DNBSEQ-G50RS High-throughput sequencing set (FCL PE100) according to manufacturing procedures. The quality of fastq files was evaluated with FastQC. Taxonomic classification of the processed sequences was performed using Diamond, followed by MEGAN6. The microbiome of the pig’s digestive system was dominated by bacteria (85%) with the taxonomic profile at the phylum level of abundance dominated by Firmicutes (84.46%) and Bacteroidetes (9.11%). Abundance at the genus level was dominated by Enterococcus (20.44%) and Clostridium (10.31%), and at the species level it was dominated by Escherichia coli (4.92%) and Levilactobacillus brevis (4.84%). There were 10 species of pathogenic bacteria detected, with E. coli showing the highest relative abundance (4.92%). Changes in the gut microbiome play an important role in the physiology of animal health and disease. In addition, the pathogenic bacteria detected not only affect the health and productivity of pigs but also have the potential to threaten public health.
Improvement of Performance, Blood Profiles, Gut Health, and Immune Response of Broilers Supplemented with Chitosan, Bacillus subtilis, or Their Combination Agusetyaningsih, I.; Kismiati, S.; Mangisah, I.; Widiastuti, E.; Wahyuni, H. I.; Yudiarti, T.; Sartono, T. A.; Sugiharto, S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.343

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing chitosan, Bacillus subtilis or blends of both on broiler growth performance, immune response, biochemical variables, and intestinal ecology of broiler chickens. Two hundred and eighty day-old chicks were distributed into 4 experimental groups, including T0 (control, basal feed), T1 (basal feed + chitosan 0.1% feed), T2 (basal feed + B. subtilis 0.01% feed), and T3 (basal feed + chitosan 0.1% feed + B. subtilis 0.01% feed). Variables measurements and sample collection were conducted on day 35. The T3 did not differ from T0 and T1, but they consumed less (p≤0.05) feed than T2 chickens. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower (p≤0.05) in T1 and T3 compared to T0 and T2 groups. Leukocyte counts in T2 and T3 were higher (p≤0.05) than those in T0. The T1, T2, and T3 had higher (p≤0.05) lymphocyte counts than T0. The T3 had lower (p≤0.05) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels than the T0 group. The T2 had higher (p≤0.05) levels of total protein and globulin than T3 and T0. Compared to T0 and T3, serum albumin levels were greater (p≤0.05) in T1 and T2. The T3 had higher (p≤0.05) duodenal villi height than that in the other groups. The T2 and T3 chicks had higher (p≤0.05) Newcastle disease titer than T0 and T1. Compared to T2 and T3, T0 and T1 showed a worse (p≤0.05) microscopic structure of jejunum. The T2 and T3 showed lower (p≤0.05) lesion score in bursa of fabricius than that in the other groups. In conclusion, the blends of chitosan and B. subtilis resulted in improved FCR, higher leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, lower LDL, higher duodenal villi height, higher Newcastle disease titer, better microscopic structure of jejunum, and lower lesion score in bursa of fabricius of broiler chickens.
Sodium Butyrate Supplementation for Improving Poultry and Rabbit Performance Abd El-Aziz , A. H.; El-Sabrout, K.; Abo Ghanima, M.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.2.252

Abstract

Sodium butyrate (SB) is a compound that belongs to the class of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). It is derived from the breakdown of dietary fiber in the colon by gut bacteria. Supplementation of SB in poultry and rabbit diets is of great importance due to its numerous benefits to animal health and performance. Previous studies have shown that sodium butyrate can improve nutrient digestibility, enhance gut health, strengthen the immune system, and reduce the incidence of intestinal diseases in poultry. These favorable benefits eventually contribute to the increased of growth, feed efficiency, and profitability in the poultry and rabbit industries. By improving nutrient digestibility, enhancing gut health, and strengthening the immune system, SB supplementation helps to reduce the incidence of intestinal diseases in poultry and rabbits. This ultimately leads to improved growth, feed efficiency, and overall profitability in the poultry industry. Additionally, SB supplementation can help reduce the need for antibiotics in poultry farming, promoting a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to raising poultry. It has efficacy against acid-intolerant species, including Salmonella sp., Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the pH of the gastrointestinal system was successfully decreased by administering SB. These properties make SB a promising alternative for maintaining gastrointestinal health and improving poultry and rabbit performance. Therefore, this review provides insight into the continuous development of novel SB supplements and highlights their potential contribution to poultry and rabbit farms.
Thermo-physiological and Molecular Profiling of Two Indigenous Purebred Saudi Sheep under Acute Heat Stress Conditions Samara, E. M.; Bahadi, M. A.; Khan, M. A.; Al-Badwi, M. A.; Abdoun, K. A.; Afzal, M.; Alghamdi, S. S.; Al-Haidary, A. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 47 No. 3 (2024): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2024.47.3.300

Abstract

In light of the escalating global concern regarding adaptation and resilience to elevated temperatures due to climate change, this experiment was designed to assess the thermo-physiological attributes of two native sheep breeds (Najdi and Naimi) and to delineate potential genetic factors conferring heat tolerance amidst acute exposure to elevated ambient temperatures. Meteorological and thermo-physiological parameters were scrutinized at distinct intervals (0 min, 30 min, 120 min, 24 hr, and 48 hr), alongside the analysis of heat-responsive gene expression at 0 min, 30 min, and 120 min, following the exposure of nine healthy male lambs from each breed (mean body weight: 25 kg; age: 4 months) to a bio-meteorologically-simulated environment, maintaining an average ambient temperature of 45 °C (approximately 93 units in the temperature-humidity index). In addition, blood samples were collected from each lamb, with total RNA isolated and purity assessed, followed by qRT-PCR analysis of 16 heat stress candidate genes using validated primers and standardized thermocycling protocols, including controls to ensure accuracy. Data were analyzed using statistical methods, including PROC GLM and PROC MEANS in SAS, one-way ANOVA, and pairwise differences with the LSD test for significance, while gene expression differences were calculated using the comparative Ct method and 2^ (−ΔΔCt) for relative quantification. The findings elucidate that the Najdi breed manifests heightened thermotolerance relative to the Naimi breed, as evidenced by diminished indicators of heat stress, encompassing skin temperature, respiratory rate, packed cell volume, adaptability coefficient, serum total protein, glucose levels, and triiodothyronine concentration. Moreover, analysis of gene expression patterns revealed widespread activation of heat stress-responsive genes in both breeds under thermal stress conditions; however, Najdi lambs consistently exhibited elevated expression levels of these genes compared to their Naimi counterparts. Notably, genes including HSP90AB1, HSPB6, HSF1, STIP1, HSP60, HSP90, and HSPB1 demonstrated particularly pronounced upregulation in Najdi lambs. In conclusion, the integrative thermo-physiological and molecular profiling highlights the superior thermotolerance and evolutionary adaptation of the Najdi breed to the hot climate of the KSA, in contrast to the Naimi breed.

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