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Tropical Animal Science Journal
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 2615787X     EISSN : 2615790X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy
ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 429 Documents
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Thyme Plant Powder (Thymus vulgaris) Improves the Production Performance of Laying Hens by Affecting Ovarian Follicles Ebrahimi, M.; Ghaderi Chaparabad, H.; Al-Moussawi, I. S. M.; Hosseini, M. H.; Mirghelenj, S. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.3.231

Abstract

The present experiment investigated the effects of different levels of thyme powder on performance, blood biochemical parameters, reproductive system morphometry, and egg quality traits at different storage temperatures in old laying hens. For this purpose, in a completely randomized design, 144 laying hens (Hy-line-W36) aged 65 weeks were assigned to 3 treatments, 6 replications, and 8 birds each. Experimental diets were corn-soy based, including 0%, 0.25%, and 0.5% thyme powder (TP). At the end of the experimental period (8th week of the experiment), 6 eggs were selected from each replicate and kept at temperatures of 4 and 25 °C for 30 days to determine the internal quality. The results showed that the egg weight of birds fed with diets containing 0.25% and 0.5% TP was significantly higher than control ones (p<0.05), but egg mass and feed conversion ratio were higher in the 0.5% group. Triglycerides and cholesterol decreased in the egg yolk and blood serum of birds fed 0.5% TP comparing control birds (p<0.05). At a temperature of 25 °C, the use of 0.5% TP compared to the control treatment increased the Haugh unit but decreased the albumin pH compared to the control treatment and 0.25% TP (p<0.05). Laying hens fed a diet containing 0.5% TP had larger white follicle numbers than birds fed a control diet and 0.25% TP groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, 0.5% TP supplement in the diet of laying hens can increase performance and the number of large white follicles and decrease the level of triglycerides and cholesterol in egg yolk and blood serum.
Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus in Cattle and Goats from the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia Mohamad, N. M.; Zakaria, P. N. M.; Suhaili, Z.; Abu Bakar, S. A.; Aklilu, E.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.280

Abstract

This study investigates the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) in livestock from Kelantan, Terengganu, and Pahang, Malaysia. Nasopharyngeal swabs from 290 goats and 106 cattle were processed using an improved transport and enrichment method. Staphylococci were identified via PCR targeting the nucA and mecA genes, with antimicrobial susceptibility determined according to CLSI and EUCAST guidelines. Among 396 isolates, 55 (13.9%) were identified as S. aureus, including one MRSA isolate (0.25%), and methicillin resistance was detected in 31 CoNS isolates (7.8%), predominantly from goats. Fourteen of the MRCoNS isolates exhibited multidrug resistance to 3 to 7 antibiotic classes, with 47.2% of CoNS isolates being resistant to fusidic acid, raising concerns about zoonotic transmission and public health risks. The prevalence of staphylococcal colonization and methicillin resistance was higher in goats than in cattle, suggesting that environmental exposures, management practices, and antibiotic use contribute to the resistance patterns. The findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced biosecurity measures, prudent antibiotic use, and expanded surveillance to address antimicrobial resistance in livestock. A One Health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health is essential to mitigating the spread of resistance. This study provides baseline data to guide future research, interventions, and policies in reducing public health risks associated with MDR staphylococci in livestock.
Calcareous Algae (Lithothamnium calcareum) as an Alternative Source of Calcium in Commercial Layer Diets Ávila, L. R.; Cruz, F. K.; Leite, B. K. V.; Garcia, E. R. M.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.3.221

Abstract

Calcareous algae (CA) are an alternative renewable source of organic minerals that are used in poultry feed. However, the optimal CA concentration that can be included in poultry diets and its effect on egg production requires further investigation. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of diets containing varying CA (Lithothamnium calcareum) levels and particle sizes on the performance, mineral balance, quality, and composition of the eggs of commercial laying hens. A completely randomized experimental design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (CA level × particle size) was employed in this study. A total of 210 Dekalb White laying hens were distributed to the following experimental units, with six birds each and five replicates per unit: the control (diet without CA addition) and treatment groups, which were fed with diets containing varying CA levels (1%, 2%, and 3%) and particle sizes (0.128 and 1.114 mm). Productive performance, external egg quality, and percentage of non-viable eggs were not affected by the inclusion of CA in the diets. The inclusion of 2% fine-particle CA reduced (p<0.05) calcium excretion (%) and, consequently, improved calcium retention. Similarly, the inclusion of 2% fine-particle CA decreased phosphorus excretion (p<0.05). The inclusion of 2% and 3% fine-particle CA increased mineral matter retention (p<0.05). Therefore, the inclusion of CA in the diets of lightweight laying hens did not affect productive variables or egg quality. However, 2% fine-particle CA reduced calcium and phosphorus excretion, thereby improving the retention of these minerals.
Optimization of Phytase Production from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RG-PK20 Using Agricultural Waste Seprianto; Utama, C. C. Y.; Melani, V.; Handayani, P.; Sukarman
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.328

Abstract

Some ingredients in poultry feed contain phytic acid, which prevents the absorption of nutrients. Microbial phytase enzymes can help with this problem. However, the phytase-producing gene of the novel yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa RG-PK20 has been constrained by the high cost of traditional substrates such as sodium phytate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the production of phytase from R. mucilaginosa RG-PK20 using a phytic acid source (substrate) from agricultural waste, with in vitro testing in poultry feed. The fermentation process was conducted utilizing a substrate-to-medium-to-yeast culture ratio of 1:1:1 v/v/w over a period of four days at various temperatures (25, 28, and 30 °C) and pH levels (3, 4, 5, and 6, with 7 as a control). Glucose and urea supplements were given when the optimal conditions were established by measuring the phytase content and activity. The molecular weight of the phytase was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis, and the ability of the enzyme to hydrolyze phytic acid was evaluated in vitro. Corn cobs generated the highest amount of phytase, with a concentration of 25.29 mg/mL and activity of 4.46 U/mL. The in vitro tests revealed an 81% reduction in phytic acid levels in poultry feed. These results demonstrate the potential of phytase derived from R. mucilaginosa RG-PK20 to reduce phytic acid in poultry feed ingredients.
Optimization of Madura Cattle Performance Fed Ammoniated Rice Straw and Concentrate Containing Hibiscus tiliaceus Leaf Bata, M.; Rahayu, S.; Rimbawanto, E. A.; Hartoyo, B.; Prihambodo, T. R.; Renata, M.; Umam, R. Z.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.347

Abstract

The leaves of Hibiscus tiliaceus, known for their flavonoid and fumaric acid contents, may support more stable rumen fermentation by promoting propionic acid production and helping maintain a healthy pH in high-concentrate diets. When paired with ammoniated rice straw, this supplement could improve how cattle utilize nutrients while lowering the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis in feedlot settings. This study evaluates the effectiveness of H. tiliaceus leaf flour as a dietary supplement in feedlot Madura cattle. Fifteen cattle (initial weight 264.43 ± 22.68 kg) were assigned to three diet treatments: rice straw plus concentrate (RSC), ammoniated rice straw plus concentrate (ARSC), and ammoniated rice straw plus concentrate supplemented with HTLF (ARSC+H) and statistically analyzed using a completely randomized design. Concentrates were fed at 2.5% of body weight, while rice straw and ARS were provided ad libitum. Ammoniation involved treating rice straw with 5% urea and 2.5% cassava pulp. The treatments significantly (p<0.01) increased digestibility parameters (dry and organic matter digestibility (DMD, DMO), crude fat digestibility (CFD), crude protein digestibility (CPD), crude fiber digestibility (CFD), and nitrogen retention (NR)), microbial protein synthesis (MPS) and production (MPP), energy utilization (energy digestibility (ED), metabolizable energy output (MEO), energy retention (ER)), volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (FE). RSC showed lower values compared to ARSC and ARSC+H (p<0.01), while differences between ARSC and ARSC+H were not significant (p>0.05). The highest MPS, MPP, and ADG were observed in ARSC+H, with the best FE also in ARSC+H. In conclusion, ARSC+H enhances nutrient digestibility, MPS, and fattening performance in Madura cattle, indicating its potential as an effective feed strategy.
Adding Multiple Enzymes to Diets Containing Wheat Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles Improves Broiler Performance by Reducing Viscosity Gouran, B.; Khorshidi, K. J.; Gharahveysi, S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.3.267

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding the multienzyme Apsazyme (glucanase, xylanase, galactosidase, mannanase) to diets containing different levels of wheat distiller’s dried grains with solubles (WDDGS) on performance, ileal bacteria, intestinal viscosity, pH, and blood variables of broiler chickens. For this purpose, 300 one-day-old male and female broilers of the Ross 308 strain were used. The experimental diets included three levels of WDDGS (0%, 10%, and 20%) with and without multienzyme (125 g/ton). Data analysis was done using SAS statistical software as a factorial design. The use of 20% WDDGS reduced feed intake (FI) in the finisher period and total period compared to the control treatment (p<0.05). The use of 20% WDDGS level reduced body weight gain (BWG) compared to 10% WDDGS treatment (p<0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly reduced in birds fed with 125 g/ton of multienzyme diet (p<0.05). The number of aerobes bacteria and coliform was higher in broiler chickens fed with 10% and 20% WDDGS diet compared to the control treatment (p<0.05). Also, the use of multienzyme increased the number of lactic acid bacteria in the ileum. Multienzyme supplementation significantly reduced the increase in intestinal viscosity and pH caused by the 20% WDDGS level (p<0.05). Using 20% WDDGS in the diet increased the serum albumin concentration compared to 10% and 0% WDDGS (p<0.05). Finally, it can be concluded that the use of multienzymes compensates for the negative effects of diets containing 20% ​​WDDGS on performance by reducing intestinal viscosity and modulating the gut microbial population. Therefore, it is recommended to add a multienzyme to the diet when using a 20% WDDGS level.
A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Cassava Addition in a Buffalo Diet: In Vivo Investigations on Performance and Rumen Health Amirul, F. M. A.; Mazlan, N. A.; Sadarman, S.; Rusli, N. D.; Sholikin, M. M.; Irawan, A.; Febrina, D.; Qomariah, N.; Nurfitriani, R. A.; Aditya, S.; Jayanegara, A.; Saad, M. Z.; Adli, D. N.; Hassim, H. A.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.298

Abstract

This meta-analysis compiles data on buffalo consumption of cassava as a feed ingredient to evaluate its impact on in vivo rumen fermentation, feed intake, nutrient intake, growth performance, digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, haematology, microbiology, and milk yield. A systematic search of Scopus and Web of Science identified 19 in vivo experiments. Cassava varieties were categorized as by-products, foliage, and roots, while buffaloes were stratified based on management system, breed, and sex. A linear mixed model was applied to estimate the effects of cassava inclusion. The findings indicated feed and nutrient intake, particularly crude protein intake and nitrogen retention, increased significantly (p<0.05), while crude protein digestibility showed no significant difference. Microbiological parameters, including total bacterial and fungal counts, also increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas methane production after 24 hours declined significantly (p<0.05). Although production parameters such as body weight, feed conversion, and milk yield were not significantly affected, a trend toward improvement was observed, except for feed conversion. Cassava root and foliage exhibited the highest digestibility and nitrogen retention compared to by-product (p<0.05). A restricted feeding system resulted in higher ammonia (NH3-N) concentrations, protozoa count, and proteolytic and cellulolytic microbial populations compared to ad libitum feeding and an extensive system (p<0.05). Murrah buffaloes showed greater feed intake, while male buffaloes demonstrated higher digestibility (p<0.05). In conclusion, dietary cassava, approximately 1.5% to 20.5% DM, potentially stimulates rumen fermentation, nutrient intake, digestibility, and microbiology but has only a modest effect on production parameters. High cassava inclusion may reduce feed acceptability, thereby decreasing feed efficiency.
Sex and Tomato Flour Supplementation Influence Hepatic Function, Intestinal Morphometry, and Performance in Broilers Arteaga, J.; Barreiro, G.; Concha, J.; Bulnes, C.; Reyna, S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 3 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.3.241

Abstract

Plant-derived supplements, such as tomato flour (TF), may enhance organ function and improve productive performance in poultry, but their effects under tropical conditions and between sexes remain unclear. This study assessed the effects of TF supplementation and sex on productive performance, hepatic function, and intestinal morphometry in broilers reared under tropical conditions. A total of 300 28-day-old Cobb-500 broilers were randomly allocated to six treatments: males and females fed a conventional diet or diets supplemented with 1% or 2% TF (T1-T6). Body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded weekly to evaluate productive performance. Intestinal morphometry (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), hepatic fatty infiltration (HFI), and liver function were analyzed. Supplementation with 1% TF improved final weight and FCR in male broilers (p<0.05). Supplementation with 2% TF reduced HFI in both sexes (p= 0.01) and lowered the albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio in males (p= 0.015). However, 2% TF impaired villus height and villus-to-crypt ratio in females, particularly in the duodenum and jejunum (p<0.05), while males were less affected. These findings indicate that TF enhances hepatic function and productive performance while reducing HFI in tropical-reared broilers. Its effects on intestinal morphometry are dose- and sex-dependent, with females being more negatively affected at higher doses, warranting further research into sex-specific dietary strategies.
The Impact of Production Center Policy on Bali Cattle Farming in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia: A Policy Analysis Matrix Approach Rindayati, W.; Gerhana; Priyarsono, D. S.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.374

Abstract

Implementing government policies aims to enhance Bali cattle farming and exports while protecting domestic production to ensure competitiveness against imported cattle and meat. This study aims to analyze the impact of production center policy on Bali cattle farming in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) approach. Data were collected from June to October 2024 through direct interviews with 240 cattle farmers, field surveys, and focus group discussions with relevant stakeholders. This involved discussions with policymakers in Bali cattle development centers in Southeast Sulawesi, specifically in the regency of South Konawe and Muna. The collected data were analyzed using the PAM. The analysis was conducted per average number of cattle reared and then converted to per cow, with farmers using a combined breeding and fattening system for 12 months (1 year) to produce slaughter-ready cattle. . The results showed that the government policy's impact on output had a negative effect on Bali cattle farming, as the domestic output price was lower than the world price. The policy’s impact on input had a positive effect, as the government supported producers through input subsidies and protection of domestic input prices, which created additional surplus for farmers, protected domestic production, and reduced input costs. The policy’s combined impact on both input and output also had a positive effect, as it provided incentives for farmers, generated additional surplus, effectively protected production, and lowered production costs compared to opportunity costs. The study concluded that government policy was more beneficial through its support on input and combined input-output interventions than on output alone. Therefore, government policies remain key in regulating Bali cattle development in Southeast Sulawesi to maintain competitiveness and benefit farmers.
1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol Glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-G) in Broiler Breeder Diets and Its Influence on Broiler Chicken Growth Andrade, T. S.; Rohloff Junior, N.; Bebber, B. A.; Pereira, M. F. C.; Maia, M. L. R.; Tesser, G. L. S.; Calderano, A. A.; Vieira, B. S.; Vargas Junior, J. G.; Eyng, C.; Nunes, R. V.
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 48 No. 4 (2025): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2025.48.4.315

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-G) supplementation on performance, carcass yield, carcass cuts, intestinal histomorphometry, bone health, and gene expression in broiler chickens from broiler breeders. A total of 1,152 one-day-old male Ross 308 AP chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. One of the experimental factors was the presence or absence of 1,25(OH)2D3-G (0 or 100 mg/kg) in the diets of broiler breeders between 21 and 30 weeks of age. The second experimental factor consisted of three levels of 1,25(OH)2D3-G supplementation (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg) in the broiler chicken diets from day 1 to day 21, followed by a standard commercial diet from day 22 to day 42. The study totaled six treatments with eight replicates and 24 birds per experimental unit. Performance, carcass and cut yields, as well as tibial breaking strength and composition, were evaluated in broiler chickens at 21 and 42 days. Intestinal histomorphometry and gene expression were assessed at 21 days, while tibial dyschondroplasia was analyzed at 42 days. Broiler chickens from broiler breeders supplemented with 100 mg/kg of 1,25(OH)2D3-G showed higher hatch weight, better feed conversion, improved intestinal morphology, and greater carcass yield. However, this supplementation did not enhance calcium and phosphorus deposition in the tibia, resulting in reduced bone strength. It is concluded that broiler chickens from broiler breeders supplemented with 100 mg/kg of 1,25(OH)2D3-G show better growth performance at 21 and 42 days.

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