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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles 283 Documents

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AKTIVITAS ANTIDIABETES EKTRAK ETIL ASETAT DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Dede Sukandar; Sandra Hermanto; Imamah Al Mabrur
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

This research done to know activity antidiabetes from fragrant screw pine leaf ethyl acetate extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) applies method aglukosidase. Extract is made by the way ofmaceration to apply ethyl acetate. Test antidiabetes is done by using enzyme a-glukosidase and PNP-a-D-glukopiranosida. Fragrant screw pine leaf ethyl acetate extract haves the character of antidiabetes with resistance activity, IC50 value as 94,23 ppm. Result of GCMS identification shows fragrant screw pine leaf ethyl acetate extract contains active compound of its the fatty acid and deriuaies, terpenoids, and steroid.Keyword : Antidiabetes, Ekstrak Etil Asetat, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb, a-glukosidase, PNP-a-D-glukopiranosida.

ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA TRITERPENOID DAN ASAM 3-HIDROKSINIKOTINAT DARI EKSTRAK DIKLOROMETANA AKAR Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq Atiek Soemiati; Kosela S.; M. Hanafi; Leslie J. Harrison
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Have been isolated chemical constituent from medicinal plants of Garcinia picrorrhiza root from Cluciaceaefamily. Two pure compounds have been isolatedfrom dichloromethane extract by flash column chromatography in silica gel and mixture of hexane and ethyl acetate (7:3) eluant (Chromatographic separation of n-hexane extract of dried G. picrorrhiza Miq. root furnished two triterpenoids, identified as Eupha-8-23-dien-7-okso-260ac acid (1) and 3-hydroxy-isonicotinic acid (2). The molecule structure of this compounds were determined based on spectrum data of measurement results FT-NMR (lD and 2D-NMR).Keyword: Cluciaceae,G. picrorrhiza, triterpen, 3-hydroxy-isonicotinic acid

Studi Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Preparatif pada Pelat Silika dan Kromatografi Cairan Kinerja Tinggi pad a Kolom C18 dari Senyawa-Senyawa Hasil Biokonversi Solasodine J. Kantasubrata; T. Y. Fitri; V. A. Halomoan; Buchori Buchori; A. T.Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The separation of solasodine bioconversion products-after fermentation with Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286 has been carried out, using preparative thin layer chromatography on silica plate with chloroform-ethanol (48:1) mixture as an eluent. Chromatographic cross check of the compound being separated has also been done. In addition to the silica stationary phase, the separation of bioconversion products using CIS has also been explored. Solanesol and six derivatives of androstane or androstene standards could be well separated on Ci8 plate using methanol-chloroform (4:1). For the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) separation on C18 column, the mixture of methanol-water was used instead of methanol-chloroform, since with the latter eluent, compounds being separated were eluted together with the solvent peak. The optimum resolution of solasodine bioconversion products could only be attained when the gradient elution technique using the mixture of methanolwater was used.

Profil Distribusi dan Klirens Pengkontras CT SCAN AuNP-PAMAM G4- NIMOTUZUMAB disimulasikan menggunakan Senyawa 198AuNP-PAMAM G4-NIMOTUZUMAB Adang H G; Anung Pujiyanto; Abdul Mutalib; Rista A S; Indrarini L; Rien L; Iyus M Y; Herlan S; Sutriyo C
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 18, No 01 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Riset nanopartikel emas sebagai senyawa pengkontras CT-Scan telahdimulai sejak 3 tahun lalu di Indonesia. Riset interaksi antibodi monoklonal,khususnya nimotuzumab, dengan reseptor EGFR/HER1 dimulai sejak lima tahun lalu dan telah dimanfaatkan untuk penyiapan senyawa pengkontras MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) spesifik target melalui pelabelan konjugat dendrimer-nimotuzumab dengan radionuklida. Sintesis senyawa AuNP-PAMAM G4-Nimotuzumab untuk diagnosis dan terapi pada kanker paru-paru telah berhasil dilakukan di PTRR dan hasil karakterisasinya dengan menggunakan beberapa metode seperti KCKT (Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi), SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate) page elektroforesa dan TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) menunjukkan bahwa senyawa yang terbentuk adalah sebagai AuNP-PAMAM G4-Nimotuzumab. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan uji pre klinis dari senyawa pengkontras AuNPPAMAM G4-nimotuzumab meliputi uji distribusi dan klirens dengan disimulasikan menggunakan senyawa radioaktiv 198AuNP-PAMAM G4- nimotuzumab. Hasil uji distribusi senyawa 198AuNP-PAMAM G4- nimotuzumab menunjukkan penimbunan pada beberapa organ seperti ginjal, hati dan limpa, sedangkan dari hasil uji klirens diperoleh waktu paruh biologis senyawa tersebut adalah 11.77 hari. Hasil pemeriksaan terhadap urin dengan menggunakan kolom PD-10 (Sephadex G25) menunjukkan bahwa ~ 85 % yang dikeluarkan lewat urin masih berbentuk AuNP-PAMAM G4- Nimotuzumab. Hasil pencitraan dengan alat autoradiography menunjukkan bahwa sampai dengan 48 jam setelah penyuntikan, akumulasi radioaktivitas yang terdeteksi masih terdapat pada hati.Â

PEMBUATAN SENYAWA AMINA SEKUNDER DENGAN PROSES HIDROGENASI SENYAWA NITRIL Hilyati Hilyati; Siti S.P Isnijah; Blasius Hangkoso; Sri Sumartini
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 7, No 1-2 (1997)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The amine compounds are used excessively in chemical industry, mainly as a surfactant. Indonesia imports this compound in a large amount (14.000 tons). The secondary amine is an intermediate product of quartener amine which is known as a softener. This research is aimed to observe the chemical reaction of synthesizing secondary amine at laboratory scale.To achieve this goal, the synthesize was conducted by hydrogenating the nitrile compound in a reactor in which two levels of pressure were applied (11 and 35 bars). The reaction temperature as well as the length of reaction time were also varied i.e at 140°, 160° and 175° Cfor 3, 6 and 10 hours.The analytical results showed that at relatively low pressure (11 bars) and the reaction temperatures of 140°,160° and 175° C for 10 haurs gave products containing secondary amine as much as 48,90; 74,63 and 67,26%, respectively. The 6 hours processing time at 140°C did not produce any amine. However when temperature was increased to 160° and 175° C, the amounts of amine yielded are as follow: 46,40 and 73,33%. A higher result (85,80%) was obtained from a process conducted at reaction temperature 175° C for 3 hours.By increasing the pressure up to 35 bars and the reaction was maintained at 160°, 83,40% amine was produced in 1 hour only. This finding indicated that producing amine at lower pressure required longer processing time.

MUNICIPAL ORGANIC WASTE AS SUBSTRATE OF BIOENERGY AND FERTILIZER PRODUCTION Lies Sriwuryandari; T. Sembiring
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Municipal solid waste is still a big problem in the cities of Indonesia especially in the Capital and capital of province. Open dumping in TPA is operated through all of Indonesian cities, this bring to consequences a bad influence to the environment. Conversion of Organic solid waste either to energy or biofertilizer is one of the best choices on the solid waste management. These methods will create a good manageable of cities environment, producing fertilizer for the farmer, energy for the communal and jobs for the people. Municipal organic wastes were grinded andfermented in anaerobic aerobic conditions. Anaerobic conditions produce rrydrogen or methane as bioenergy meanwhile aerobic fermentation was used to get either compost or liquid oiofertilizer. The result of Bioenergy and biofertilizer production showed that Municipal organic waste has a great potential as substrate for bioenergy such as hydrogen and methane or substrate for biofertilizer. The biofertilizer could be either as compost or liquid biofertilizer which are rich with growth promoting substances produces by specific bacteria during municipal organic solid waste fermentation.Key words: Municipal, organic solid waste, management, bioenergy, bioJertilizer

PRODUKSI GLUKOAMILASE DARI RHIZOPUS ORVZAE L16 PADA MEDIA PATI SAGU (METROXYLON) YANG MENGANDUNG EKSTRAK TAUGE Yetti M.lskandar; Linar Z.Udin; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Glucoamylase production from Rhlzopus oryzae L16 has been carrried out in a fermentation medium using sago (Metroxylon sp) starch. Various levels of mung bean sprout extract (1% - 5%) was added into the medium as vitamin source. The fermentation process was carried out at 30°C in aerobic condition with an agitation rate of 120 rpm and for five days. The results of the fermentation was compared with an other fermentation medium containing malt extract 3%. The glucoamylase specific activity of 4500 Unitslg protein, starch consumption of 62.5% and biomass produced of 2.93 g dry weighill: medium were demonstrated with the latter medium. It was found that media which contained 4% mung bean sprout extract had maximum glucoamylase specific activity of 19720 Unitslg protein at day-3. The enzyme activity was assayed at 55°C with incubation time 10 minutes. At this third day of fermentation the starch utilization reached 55.5% and the biomass production was 3.12 g dry weight/L medium.

PENGARUH LIMITASI NUTRIEN PADA FERMENTASI ASAM SITRAT BIAK-RENDAM,SECARA 2-TAHAP DENGAN Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414 Milono Poesponegoro; Oei Ban Liang
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 1, No 2 (1991)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The aim of the study was to determine the type and level of nutrient limitation for stimulation of citric accumulation by Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414. The study focused all the effects of substrate concentration, nutrient limitation and the concentration of pre-cultred mycelium on citric acid accumulation. Citric acid fermentailon was carried out by a 2-stage process, where the growth stage and citric acid production stage were done separately, either using shake-flask culture or stirred fermentcr method. The fermentation process was followed by monitoring the changes in the pH value and in the concentrations of total reducing sugars, cellular biomass, and citric acid in the culture medium. Results of the study showed that nutrient limitation inhibited the growth of mould and could be all important factor for stimulation of citric acid accumulation by Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414. Phosphorous limitation was found to be the most effective than the limitation of other nutrients tested, for stimulation of citric acid accumulation. The results also revealed that there was a relationship between phosphorous limitation, mycelium concentration and the efficiency of citric acid production by Aspergillus niger ATCC 11414.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Udang untuk Menghasilkan Enzim Kitinase dari Streptomyces macrosporeus InaCC A454 Yati Sudaryati Soeka; Evi Triana
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 18, No 01 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Kitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) adalah enzim yang dapat menghidrolisis ikatanpanjang polimer asetil-D-glukosamina (kitin) menjadi ikatan polimer kitinyang lebih pendek. Kitin banyak ditemukan pada cangkang hewaninvertebrata laut, terutama krustasea,serangga, moluska, dinding sel jamur.Limbah udang sangat penting sebagai sumber kitin. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk menentukan karakteristik enzim kitinase yang dihasilkan olehaktinomisetes asal P. Belitung dengan substrat kitin dari limbah udang,meliputi waktu inkubasi, pengaruh pH, suhu optimum serta stabilitas.Pengaruh beberapa ion-ion logam sebagai aktivator atau inhibitor terhadapaktivitas enzim kitinase diukur dengan spektrofotometer pada Î» 584 nm.Strain aktinomisetes diidentifikasi secara molekuler berdasarkan 16S rDNAsekuen. Aktivitas kitinase secara kualitatif diperlihatkan dengan adanya zonabening di sekitar koloni pada media yang mengandung 1% koloidal kitin.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas tertinggi pada waktu inkubasi lima hari,suhu 50ÂºC dan pH 8 berturut-turut sebesar 0,0304 U/mL, 0,0312 U/mL dan0,0421 U/mL. Pengaruh ion logam dalam bentuk kationdivalen danmonovalen masing-masing pada konsentrasi 1 mM diaktifkan olehkationdivalen CaCl2, MnCl2, CuCl2 dan kation monovalen KCl, NaCl.Identifikasi molekuler berdasarkan sekuen16S rDNA menunjukkan bahwaisolat aktinomisetes ini adalah Streptomyces macrosporeus. Strain ini telahdidaftarkan di kultur koleksi InaCC dengan nomor koleksi A 454.Â

KARAKTERISASI DAN UJI-PENGOLAHAN (TREATABILITY TEST) AIR LIMBAH TEKSTIL INTI SARI SECARA BIOLOGI Milono Poesponegoro
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 7, No 1-2 (1997)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Characterization and treatability test of textile wastewater using biological process were studied. Samples of the wastewater were obtainedfrom a local blue-jeans textile industry in Bandung. Results of chemical analysis indicated that beside the textile wastewater showed a high pH value, it contained chemical pollutant in high concentrations. It was found that the textile wastewater of blue jeans has a pH value of 12.6, deep blue coloured with optical density of 0.80 - 0.88; high in solid concentrations with the concentration of soluble solids, suspended solids and ash content of respectively 4526 - 4897 mg/l, 2205 - 2412mg/l, and 2704 - 3074 mg/l; COD of 376 - 1538 mg/l and BOD5 of 143 - 575 mg/l. The ratio of BOD5/COD was about 0.32 - 0.45 with an average value of 0.38.The concentration of organic materials varied widely from sample to .sample, with a value of the BOD5/COD ratio of less than 50%. Tretability test of textile wastewater using shake-flask technique showed that the textile wastewater could be treated successfully by aerobic biological process when a proper balance of nutrients and suitable organisms were available. Chemical flocculation pre-trentment was found to lower the rate of biological degradation of organic materials contained in the textile wastewater. It was found that after 3 days of incubation, the mean rate of organic degradation reached 174 mg/l/day for the textile wastewater which received no flocculation pretreatment with alum, and only 10 mg/l/day for that which received flocculation pre-treatment with alum. The addition of nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorous) to the textile wastewater without flocculation pre-treatment increased the mean rate of organic degradation from 174 mg/l/day to 240 mg/l/day after 3 days of incubation. It was also found the nutrient addition and bacterial inoculum to the textile wastewater without flocculation pre-treatment increased the mean rate of organic degradation from 174 mg/l/day to 247 mg/l/day, after 3 days of incubation.Treatability test of textile wastewater by a contlnouous culture technique using perforated-plate column showed that the COD of effluent was constantly dropped and achieved a stationary condition after 50 hours of the continous process, and at the stationary phase the continuous process produced effluent with COD values of less than 100 mg/l. Continuous process with a hydraulic retention time (0) of 2.0 day produced effluent with a COD value of 77 mgll. Reducing the hydraulic retention time did not much affect the COD value of the effluent, i.e 72 mgfl for 0 = 1.0 day, and 56 mgll for 0 = 0.5 day. This could probably due to the achievement of the maximum efficiency of treatment, t.e. about 71% for the hydraulic retention time of 0.5 - 2.0 day.

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