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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles 283 Documents

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AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN BIOAKTIVITAS IN VITRO EKSTRAK AIR DAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN DAN RANTING BENALU Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) van Tiegh. PADA INANG NANGKA ( Artocarpus heterophyllus) Nina Artanti; Akhmad Darmawan
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 11, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Study on antioxidant activity and bioactivity of water and ethanol extracts from the leaves and twigs of mistletoe (Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Van Tiegh) that grew on jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) tree as the host have been conducted. Water extracts of the M. cochinchinensis leaves andtwigs were active as antioxidant with IC50 23.08 ug/mL dan 21.56 ug/mL respectively. Whereas the ethanol extracts of both leaves and twigs was not active because the ICso higher than 100 ug/mL (not active as antioxidant against DPPH). Both water and ethanol extracts of M. cochinchinensis leaves and twigs did not showed bioactivity against Artemia salina Leach brine shrimp with each extracts has LCso higher than 1000 pg/mL.Key words Antioxidant, Bioactivity, Macrosolen cochinchinensi (Lour.) van Tiegh., Artocarpus heterophyllus. Artemiasalina Leach.

APLIKASI MEMBRAN DALAM PEMEKATAN ENZIM GLUKOAMILASE A. Syahril; S Nana; L. Z. Udin; A. Sidik; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (1993)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Preparation of glucoamylase enzyme by fermentation of sago and soy bean meals had been done. Enzyme concentration was carried out by ultrafiltration process, where polysulfone membranes were used as medium filter. Membranes used in this experiment were prepared with several treatments, such as coagulation temperature and composition and beside that effect of solvent and additive are also observed. From the results of the observation during fermentation process in enzyme preparation, its clear that pH of solution changed in that pH increased with increasing fermentation time. The highest enzyme activity was shown on the sixth day of fermentation namely 2.908 U/ml with a specific enzyme activity of 1495.8 U/g protein. There is fluctuation in protein content during [ermenuuion process, but the highest level was obtained on the tenth day [ermenuuion (3.102 mg/l). The highest specific enzyme activity was shown on the sixth day fermentation (1495.8 U1g protein). The best membrane for the enzyme concentration by ultrafiltration process in this experiment are found form the membrane prepared from dimethyl acetamide as solvent and polyvinylpyrrolidane as additive. This membrane gave rejection coefficient of more than 90% andflux as much as 20.571 l/m2.hour.

The Analysis of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Effect on Solution Conductivity Novan Agung Mahardiono; Hanif Fakhrurroja; V. Luvita; Sudaryati Cahyaningsih
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 18, No 02 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

This paper presents the observation of magnetization process variableswhich influenced the conductivity of FeSO4, MnSO4, MgCl2 and CaCl2solution. Some of the survey results revealed that there was a decrease inthe rate of particle formation of FeSO4, MnSO4, MgCl2 and CaCl2 of theions in the sample of the magnetized hard water. This study compared theconductivity of FeSO4, MnSO4, MgCl2 and CaCl2 solution before and afterthe pulsed electromagnetic field with a concentration level of 0.1 M wasgiven. Electromagnetic Water Treatment (EW) was used to generate theelectromagnetic pulse wit 9.3 mT pulsed electromagnetic filed. Tools Themeasurement of solution conductivity level conducted using BenchConductivity Meter was calibrated by Control Company with certificatenumber 4163-4997748 and traceable to the National Institute of Standardsand Technology. The measurement was conducted by observing the timefunction of solution conductivity of FeSO4, MnSO4, MgCl2, and CaCl2.The results showed that pulsed electromagnetic fields affected theconductivity of FeSO4 and CaCl2 solution by74% and 67%, respectively.Meanwhile, the lower conductivity was observed from MnSO4 and MgCl2solution with 6% due to process of magnetization which caused theinstability of the ionic bonding in the solution.

ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION OF THE CUSHION PLANT POTENTILLA ARTICULATA Muhammad Hanafi; Shibata Kozo; Mamoru Kanzaki
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 6, No 1-2 (1996)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Methanol extract of the whole plant of P. articulata Franch was fractionated by using open column silica gel chromatography following identification, resulted in the isolation of known phytoceramides, N-(2'-hydroxy-acyl)-2-amino1,3,4trihydroxy-8-octadecene) (1), which also isolated from Urtioca dioca and Thylacospermum caespitosum, and two known steroids, identified as ~-sitosterol (2), 3B-O-B-D-glucopyranosylsitosterol (3), which have also been isolated from Prunella vulgaris L. var. Iilacina (Labiatae). Triterpenoic acids were elucidated as 2B,19a-dihydroxyursolic acid (4), a mixture of Zcc-monohydroxyursclic acid (5) and 2a-monohydroxyoleanolic acid (6), also found in Geurn japonicum Thunberg, 19a-monohydro-xyursolic acid (7), a mixture ursolic acid (8) and oleanolic acid (9), which were also obtained in Isodon japonicus Hara. Their structure identifi-cations were based on chemical and spectroscopic methods.

The Evaluation of Substrates and Trichoderma sp. Isolates for Cellulase Production Eka Triwahyuni; Yosi Aristiawan; Novita Ariani; Haznan Abimanyu; Trisanti Anindyawati
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

AbstractAs higher interest was on the lignocellulose-based or second generation bioethanol production, the research was then more focused on the production of cellulase, especially on the domestic enzyme. Trichoderma sp. is considered as one of the most efficient producer of cellulase. This study was conducted to investigate the performance of Trichoderma sp. on a variety of substrates to produce cellulase. Three types of substrate variations and three types of Trichoderma sp. were used in this experiment. The substrate used were wheat bran, rice bran and oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs), whereas Trichoderma sp. isolates were encoded as T004, T051 and T063. Production of cellulase was made by solid fermentation for 7 days. The analysis of cellulase activity was done by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) method for filter paper assay. The results showed that the type of substrate affected the performance of Trichoderma sp. All types of fungus produced cellulase on wheat bran substrate with activity of 0.52 FPU /ml for T004, 0.23 FPU/ml for T051 and 0.27 FPU /ml for T063. With the rice bran substrate and EFBs, only T004 could produce cellulase and the enzyme activity analyzed were 0.08 FPU /ml and 0.008 FPU/ml respectively. Optimation of the buffer addition on enzyme extraction process produces the highest activity 0.85 FPU/mL for T004 with wheat bran substrate.Â Keywords: cellulase, EFBs, rice bran , Trichoderma sp. , wheat bran

Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized by Actinomycetes Isolated from Lombok Island Soil Samples Shanti Ratnakomala; Nurul Fitri Sari; Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi; Puspita Lisdiyanti
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

AbstractA total of 98 actinomycetes were isolated from the soil and litter samples collected from the cacao and coffee plantation in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. These isolates were screened for their antimicrobial activity. Among 98 isolated strains, only 24 isolates showed antimicrobial activity against test microorganisms of which 20.4% were active against Bacillus subtilis BTCC B-612, 14.3% against Staphylococcus aureus BTCC B-611, and 5.1% against Escherichia coli BTCC B-609. Out of these 24 isolates, 3 were found to be able to grow in medium containing 3 mM Selenium oxide of which the culture were changed color to red. Two of the best strains, L-155 and L-156, were selected for assessing production of Selenium nanoparticles. Bioreduction of selenium nanoparticles was confirmed by UVâ€“visible spectrophotometer which showed peak between 300 and 320 nm. Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticle from isolate actinomycetes L-155 and L-156 were found to have a broad spectrum of activity against the tested microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, and Candida albicans. This study showed rapid and eco-friendly synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from soil actinomycetes. Most of these active isolates revealed to possess antibacterial property.

Exploring the Acetone Evaporation and Airborne Neurotoxicity Bioassay against Adult Mosquito in the Enclosed Environment of Peet Grady Chamber Jahangir Kamaldin; Zairi Jaal
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Mosquito has comprehensive and sensitive olfactory neuro-sensory located at antenna utilized for detecting airborne organic compounds in search of blood host. Mosquito is also known to have similar neurotransmitters function with human at neural synapses e.g. acetylcholinesterase, esterases and oxidases enzymes. Thus, there is potential use mosquito in predicting neurotoxicity of exogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) e.g. manufactured acetone. Hence, the study evaluates the suitability to conduct bioassay of VOC neurotoxicity against mosquito in Peet Grady chamber that is commonly used for insecticidal bioassay. Acetone as the representative of VOC is easily evaporized at laboratory temperature of 26 to 29 Â°C without heating. The acetone evaporation profile on liquid surface and porous solid surface under the Peet Grady chamber is studied to ascertain the consistency of vaporization rate with homogenized distribution. The study showed the acetone has shown consistent vaporization rate of 23 mg/min from liquid surface and 116.3 mg/min from porous surface (filter paper) without heating, in a linear regression of very high positive correlation (r = 1.000) between time and mass of acetone vaporized. However, the non-homogenized distribution of acetone vapours in the Peet Grady chamber directly affected the accuracy to elucidate the neurotoxicity bioassay against mosquito in term of mosquito knockdown. The study suggests the positioning of mosquitoes in the Peet Grady chamber should be lower than the point of acetone vaporization, whereby the mosquitoes are knockdown by acetone vapours within the 20th minute upon reaching concentration of 170.3 to 196.1 ppm.

Isolation of Endophytic Fungi QPS 05 from Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray and Its Potential for Î±-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity Anastasia Wheni Indrianingsih; Amalia Indah Prihantini; Sanro Tachibana
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

AbstractEndophytic fungi are the microorganisms that spend all or part of their life cycles within plant tissue without causing harmful effects on the plant. In this study, 14 endophytic fungus from Quercus phillyraeoides A. Gray were isolated. Alternaria sp. QPS 05, an endophytic fungi which was isolated from the stem of Q. phillyraeoides A. Gray showed the highest Î±-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Further separation of ethyl acetate extract from the fungus led to the isolation of active substance from hexane-soluble fraction which give fatty acids mixture consist of palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid (1) strong inhibitory activity against Î±-glucosidase. Isolated fatty acids (1) had inhibitory concentration (IC50) values against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was 12.10 Î¼g/mL. The results of the present study showed that endophytic fungus from Alternaria sp. QPS 05 potentially contained a rich source of natural antidiabetic medicine.

Preparation and Characterization of Polyhedral Octaphenylsilsesquioxane Modified Castor oil based Polyurethane Yue Wen; Pingping Jiang; Jie Huang; Agus Haryono; Jianneng Deng; Zhiliang Cao
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Vegetable oil-based polyurethanes were synthesized using castor oil (CO) as feedstock, which were characterized by their environmental friendly and renewable properties. Aiming to compensate for shortcomings of these materials, a series of polyurethane/polyhedral octaphenylsilsesquioxane (OPS) hybrids with different OPS contents were prepared by physical mixing in the solutions. Thereafter?chemical structure?morphology and thermal properties of hybrids were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), tensile test techniques and static contact angle. The results show that the hybrid polyurethanes display both enhanced glass transition temperatures (Tg), initial decomposition temperature (Td5) and tensile strength with low OPS contents. While with high contents?these values decline with the severe aggregation of nano-particles as shown in the SEM images. Meanwhile, the hybrid polyurethanes displayed enhanced surface hydrophobicity as the contact angle with water revealed

Analysis of Learning Problems in Chemistry at Eria Medan Private High School Rafika Utami
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the learning process and to analyze the problem of learning chemistry in senior high school. The approach used in this study was a qualitative approach. This mini research was conducted at Eria Medan Private Senior High School in 2017. Research subjects were selected by purposive sampling of 35 Mathematic and Natural Science 1, students grade XI. Data were collected and recorded using observation sheet to measure teacher activities. Students responses were obtained using a questionnaire. The result identified some problems that may inhibit the learning process. Only 37,14 % students were happy to complete or practice with questions and 42.85% of students are actively involved in the learning process. In addition, 80% of students stated that the chemistry books used were less interesting and only 20% of students stated their chemistry book was interesting to read.This study also found that there are misconceptions in teaching concept in the subject of chemical equilibrium.

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