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JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi)
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
ISSN : 25799118     EISSN : 25499750     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/jrst
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Engineering
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) adalah jurnal peer reviewed dan Open-Acces. JRST merupakan jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah dan Penerbitan (LPIP) Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto. JRST mengundang para peneliti, dosen, dan praktisi di seluruh dunia untuk bertukar dan memajukan keilmuan di bidang sains dan teknologi yang meliputi bidang Matematika, Kimia, Biologi, Teknologi Rekayasa dan Keteknikan, Farmasi, Geografi, Komputer dan Teknologi Informasi. Dokumen yang dikirim harus dalam format Ms. Word dan ditulis sesuai dengan panduan penulisan. JRST terbit 2 kali dalam setahun pada bulan Maret dan September.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Energi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 236 Documents
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Optimization of CNN Architectures for Accurate Brain Tumor Classification: A Comparative Study Nurul Huda; Herman Yuliansyah; Maulany Citra Pandini
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 9 No. 2 September 2025: JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v9i2.26398

Abstract

Automatic classification of brain tumors from MRI images is crucial for supporting early diagnosis and improving treatment planning. However, manual diagnostic processes remain limited by subjectivity and resource constraints. This study aims to optimize brain tumor classification by conducting a comparative analysis of six Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures: VGG16, VGG19, MobileNet, InceptionV3, AlexNet, and Xception. The MRI datasets were sourced from open repositories and processed through normalization, noise reduction, segmentation, and data augmentation. All CNN models were implemented using transfer learning and trained under consistent parameters. Model performance was evaluated based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score. The results revealed that the Xception and InceptionV3 architectures achieved the highest classification performance, with validation accuracies of 97.9% and 96.1%, respectively. MobileNet also performed competitively at 95.6%, offering notable computational efficiency. In contrast, VGG19 and AlexNet yielded lower validation accuracies and exhibited signs of overfitting. These findings highlight the effectiveness of modern CNN architectures that incorporate depthwise separable convolutions and residual connections in extracting complex features from brain MRI images. Therefore, models such as Xception and MobileNet are strong candidates for implementation in computer-aided diagnosis systems in resource-constrained clinical environments.
Soil-Derived Endospore-Forming Bacillus Bacteria Producing Protease Mazidah Noer Inayah; Suci Indah Budiarti; Rizal Khoirun Alfisah
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 9 No. 2 September 2025: JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v9i2.26600

Abstract

Proteases are widely utilized in many industries, including waste treatment, textiles, detergents, food processing, and medicines. This encourages researchers to discover novel sources of these enzymes. Exploration and isolation of putative proteolytic bacteria from the soil is one promising approach. The purpose of this study is expected providing the bacterial isolates that will produce superior proteases. Proteolytic bacteria were isolated from soil samples using the spread plate technique and selective skim milk agar media. The formation of clear zones and the determination of the proteolytic index were the starting point for a qualitative analysis of protease activity. Protease activity was determined quantitatively. The substrate is 1% casein dissolved in a 0.2 M tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.5, while the standard is tyrosine. The quantitative measurement of protease activity was carried out concurrently with the bacterial growth curve determination. The proteolytic bacteria P02 was successfully isolated in this research, having a protease enzyme activity of 0.867 U/mL and a proteolytic index of 0.8 ± 0.1. Protease activity peaked when the bacterial growth was in the logarithmic phase. Proteolytic bacterial P02 was Gram-positive and possesses the ability to form endospores and has a rod-shaped cell morphology. According to the outcomes of biochemical physiological testing, the bacterial P02 is considered to be the genus of Bacillus sp. The proteolytic bacteria P02 has potential to provide a sustainable and renewable source of protease, which is widely employed in industry and biotechnology.
Analysis of the Implementation of Drug Control Category A with MMSL in Hospital Pharmacy Installation on Drug Values, ITOR and Stock Out Herayanti Hermawan; Yusi Anggriani; Hesty Utami Ramadaniati; Cipto Darmodjati Kumolo
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 9 No. 2 September 2025: JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v9i2.26723

Abstract

Effective drug management is crucial for enhancing both economic performance and patient health outcomes in healthcare settings. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of drug inventory control using the Minimum Maximum Stock Level (MMSL) method at Hospital “X” in Purwakarta. Employing an experimental research design, this study conducted a comparative analysis of drug consumption before and after the application of the MMSL method, focusing on key metrics such as inventory value, inventory turnover (ITOR), and stock-out rates. The study's population comprised Category A medications, totaling 106 items, with an investment value of constituting 70.6% based on ABC analysis. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess the significance of the MMSL method's impact. Our findings revealed notable differences in inventory value, ITOR, and stock-out rates between the baseline consumption (Rp. 830,213,174; ITOR 2.47; stock-out Rp. 6,967,778) and the MMSL implementation period (Rp. 627,919,174; ITOR 3.15; stock-out Rp. 3,776,316), with statistical significance levels of 0.045, 0.000, and 0.300, respectively. The results indicate that the MMSL method significantly enhances drug inventory management in the hospital setting, underscoring its effectiveness in optimizing pharmaceutical resource allocation.
Implementation of Smart Contracts in Electronic Voting (Case Study: Election of the President and Vice President POLNES Student Executive Board) Rahmat Wahyudi; Muhammad Farman Andrijasa; Noor Alam Hadiwijaya
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 9 No. 2 September 2025: JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v9i2.26902

Abstract

The election of the candidates for President and Vice President of the Samarinda State Polytechnic Student Executive Board (BEM) still relies on conventional paper-based voting, which is susceptible to manipulation, ballot damage, and time-consuming vote counting. This research seeks to develop design and test for blockchain-based e-voting system prototype utilizing smart contracts to enhance efficiency, security, and transparency. Employing the Waterfall methodology, the research includes requirement analysis, system design using flowcharts and UML use case diagrams, smart contract implementation in Solidity on a local Ethereum network (Ganache), and testing via unit testing for smart contracts using Truffle and BlackBox testing for the user interface. Results demonstrate the system’s ability to automate the election process, including candidate and voter registration, identity verification via student ID, prevention of double voting, and real-time vote counting. Blockchain technology ensures immutability, transparency and guarantees data integrity. The results of this research can be an alternative solution that is more efficient, secure and transparent, by minimizing the risk of data manipulation, saving logistics costs, potential damage to voting media and accelerating the vote counting process which is automatically calculated by smart contracts. Overall, this system proves the potential of blockchain technology and smart contracts as a modern alternative to electronic voting systems.
Identification of Potential Compounds of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) in Inhibiting SARS-CoV-2: a Multi-Target Approach Based on Molecular Docking Farhan Fauzan; Meilisa Dwi Puteri; Tria Putriani; Yudhistia Putri Alwahida; Siti Nurhaliza Hasibuan; Naura Nurnahari; Winni Nur Auli
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 10 No. 2, September 2026 :JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v10i2.27965

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is a new betacoronavirus that has a complex replication pathway through the Mpro, TMPRSS2, and RdRp proteins. This study aims to analyze the potential and molecular mechanisms of catechin-derived compounds from green tea (Camellia sinensis), using a multi-target approach based on molecular docking. Predictions of physicochemical properties and toxicity were analyzed using SwissADME, pkCSM, and Toxtree v3.1.0.1851. Protein and ligand structure preparation used PDB, MolView, and Avogadro. Then, molecular docking was analyzed using AutoDock4 1.5.6 and BIOVIA Discovery Studio. The analysis results showed that the EGCG compound had the best affinity with Mpro (-7.6 kcal/mol) at the cyad catalytic site (His 41 and Cys 145), the CG compound with TMPRSS2 (-7.95 kcal/mol) at the triad catalytic site (His 26 and Ser 441), and the ECG compound with RdRp (-7.51 kcal/mol) at the replication catalytic site (Lys 73 and Phe 219). These results indicate that the catechin compound from green tea has the potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in a multi-target manner through the mechanism of inhibition of the catalytic and replication sites, thereby overcoming the complexity of virus replication and avoiding resistance
Modeling and Simulation of D18:L8-BO Organic Solar Cells for Enhanced Efficiency and Stability: Pemodelan dan Simulasi Sel Surya Organik D18:L8-BO untuk Peningkatan Efisiensi dan Stabilitas Soni Prayogi
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 10 No. 2, September 2026 :JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v10i2.28613

Abstract

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are one of the third-generation photovoltaic technologies that offer advantages in the form of mechanical flexibility, light weight, and potential low production costs. However, power conversion efficiency and operational stability of the device are still the main challenges that limit its commercial application. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in the thickness of the active layer, energy bandgap, and the addition of a buffer layer on increasing the efficiency and stability of organic solar cells based on the donor-acceptor pair D18:L8-BO. ​​The research method uses a modeling approach and numerical simulation with OghmaNano software based on the drift-diffusion model. Variations in the thickness of the active layer are simulated in the range of 120–170 nm and the energy bandgap in the range of 1.3–1.8 eV under standard AM 1.5G illumination (1000 W/m²). The performance parameters analyzed include open circuit voltage (Voc), short circuit current (Isc), Fill Factor (FF), and Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE). The simulation results show that the optimum active layer thickness is in the range of 130–140 nm, with a maximum PCE value of 18.33%, Voc of 1.21 V, Isc of 10.12 mA/cm², and FF of 0.67 at a bandgap of 1.8 eV. In addition, the addition of the TPBi buffer layer can improve the thermal stability of the device by maintaining more than 95% of the initial efficiency after simulated operation for up to 2000 hours. These findings indicate that optimization of structural parameters through a numerical simulation approach can improve the efficiency and stability of D18:L8-BO-based OSC devices. This research provides an important contribution in the design of high-performance organic solar cells and has the potential to support the development of more efficient and sustainable renewable energy technologies. ABSTRAK (Bahasa Indonesia) Sel surya organik (Organic Solar Cell/OSC) merupakan salah satu teknologi fotovoltaik generasi ketiga yang menawarkan keunggulan berupa fleksibilitas mekanik, bobot ringan, dan potensi biaya produksi rendah. Namun demikian, efisiensi konversi daya dan stabilitas operasional perangkat masih menjadi tantangan utama yang membatasi penerapan komersialnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi ketebalan lapisan aktif, bandgap energi, serta penambahan lapisan buffer terhadap peningkatan efisiensi dan stabilitas sel surya organik berbasis pasangan donor–akseptor D18:L8-BO. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan pemodelan dan simulasi numerik dengan perangkat lunak OghmaNano berbasis model drift–diffusion. Variasi ketebalan lapisan aktif disimulasikan pada rentang 120–170 nm dan bandgap energi pada rentang 1,3–1,8 eV di bawah iluminasi standar AM 1.5G (1000 W/m²). Parameter kinerja yang dianalisis meliputi tegangan rangkaian terbuka (Voc), arus hubung singkat (Isc), Fill Factor (FF), dan Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa ketebalan lapisan aktif optimum berada pada kisaran 130–140 nm, dengan nilai PCE maksimum sebesar 18,33%, Voc 1,21 V, Isc 10,12 mA/cm², dan FF 0,67 pada bandgap 1,8 eV. Selain itu, penambahan lapisan buffer TPBi mampu meningkatkan stabilitas termal perangkat dengan mempertahankan lebih dari 95% efisiensi awal setelah simulasi operasi hingga 2000 jam. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa optimasi parameter struktural melalui pendekatan simulasi numerik dapat meningkatkan efisiensi sekaligus stabilitas perangkat OSC berbasis D18:L8-BO. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam perancangan sel surya organik berperforma tinggi dan berpotensi mendukung pengembangan teknologi energi terbarukan yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the HIRADC Method in Reducing Occupational Safety Risks in Concrete Work for WWTP Basin Construction : Evaluasi Efektivitas Metode HIRADC Terhadap Penurunan Risiko Keselamatan Kerja Pada Pekerjaan Beton Kolam IPAL Ari Setia Maulana; Muhammad Alvan Rizki
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 10 No. 2, September 2026 :JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v10i2.28842

Abstract

Construction work, particularly concrete casting activities in confined areas, has a high risk of occupational accidents and therefore requires systematic safety management. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC) method in reducing occupational safety risks in concrete work for wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) tanks. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach, with data collected through field observations and questionnaires distributed to 40 respondents directly involved in the work. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 27 through validity and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, and paired sample t-test. The results identified 20 potential hazards, with risk levels predominantly classified as high to very high before the implementation of control measures. After applying technical, administrative, and personal protective equipment controls, the risk levels decreased to moderate and low categories. Statistical testing showed a significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) of less than 0.05, indicating a significant difference between conditions before and after the implementation of the HIRADC method. It can be concluded that the HIRADC method is effective in reducing occupational safety risks in high-risk concrete work, particularly in confined excavation areas. ABSTRAK (Bahasa Indonesia) Pekerjaan konstruksi, khususnya pada kegiatan pengecoran beton di area terbatas, memiliki tingkat risiko kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi sehingga memerlukan pengelolaan keselamatan yang sistematis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas metode Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control (HIRADC) dalam menurunkan risiko keselamatan kerja pada pekerjaan beton kolam Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada 40 responden yang terlibat langsung dalam pekerjaan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak IBM SPSS Statistics 27 melalui uji validitas, reliabilitas, analisis deskriptif, serta uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 20 potensi bahaya yang teridentifikasi, dengan dominasi tingkat risiko pada kategori tinggi hingga sangat tinggi sebelum pengendalian diterapkan. Setelah dilakukan pengendalian berupa tindakan teknis, administratif, dan penggunaan alat pelindung diri, tingkat risiko menurun menjadi kategori sedang hingga rendah. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai signifikansi (Sig. 2-tailed) < 0,05, yang mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara kondisi sebelum dan sesudah penerapan metode HIRADC. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode HIRADC efektif dalam menurunkan tingkat risiko keselamatan kerja pada pekerjaan beton berisiko tinggi, khususnya pada area galian terbatas.
Valorization of Agricultural Waste: A Study on Antimicrobial Edible Films from Avocado Seed Starch and Dragon Fruit Peel Zuqni Meldha; Iffany Adinda Chayyira; Muhammad Faiza Abrar; Muhammad Iwan Fermi; Idral Amri; chairul; Lisa Legawati; Yogi Yolanda; Yola Bertilsya Hendri; Salma liska
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 10 No. 2, September 2026 :JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v10i2.28867

Abstract

The growing accumulation of plastic packaging waste and the underutilization of agricultural residues have encouraged the development of biopolymer-based edible films. This study aimed to produce an edible film from avocado seed starch and dragon fruit peel pectin with the addition of red ginger essential oil as a potential antimicrobial agent and to evaluate its physical, mechanical, and organoleptic properties. The films were prepared using the solvent-casting method with starch-to-pectin ratios of 4:1 and 1:4, with or without the addition of 1 mL of red ginger essential oil. The films were characterized using FTIR and evaluated for thickness, tensile strength, elongation, and Young’s modulus. Their application to chicken meat was organoleptically assessed by 10 panelists based on color and aroma during refrigerated storage. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups in the film components, particularly hydroxyl groups, indicating interactions among the constituents. Film thickness ranged from 0.110 to 0.170 mm and complied with the maximum Japanese Industrial Standard limit of 0.25 mm. The film with a starch-to-pectin ratio of 1:4 and red ginger essential oil exhibited the highest tensile strength of 21.53 MPa. However, elongation values of 0.000107–0.000385% indicated that the films were highly brittle and prone to cracking during peeling, wrapping, and storage. The addition of red ginger essential oil produced a stronger aroma, thereby reducing panelist acceptance. The films showed acceptable thickness and good tensile strength, but their flexibility requires further improvement. Antimicrobial effectiveness could not be confirmed because no direct microbiological testing was conducted.
Predicting Tropical Carbon Stock using Multi-Layer Perceptron: A Multi-Sensor Fusion Approach Vladimirrahman Salsabil Abdullah; Arrie Kurniawardhani
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 10 No. 2, September 2026 :JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v10i2.28903

Abstract

Accurately mapping Aboveground Biomass (AGB) in tropical regions remains a significant challenge due to the saturation of common remote-sensing sources, such as Sentinel-2 optical imagery and Sentinel-1 C-band radar, in high-biomass forests. This study aims to address these limitations by proposing a data-fusion approach that incorporates L-band radar from ALOS PALSAR to predict carbon stock across the complex landscape of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.We combined GEDI L4A AGBD "ground-truth" data (2020) with features extracted from Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1 texture, ALOS PALSAR L-band backscatter, and SRTM topography. Four machine learning models—Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)—were trained and evaluated. The results demonstrate that models relying solely on conventional sensors (Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2) performed poorly, explaining only ~18% of the AGBD variation. Integrating L-band and topographic variables more than doubled model performance. The MLP model achieved the highest accuracy, yielding an R² of 0.3389 and an RMSE of 74.26 t/ha.Although the accuracy is moderate, it realistically reflects the inherent noise in GEDI L4A estimates and the region’s highly fragmented forest structure. Ultimately, this research confirms that fusing L-band radar is essential for improving tropical AGB mapping.
Performance Evaluation of a Solar-Powered Water Pumping System (PV–Battery) in Negeri Sila, Nusalaut District, Central Maluku: A Hydro-Energetic Approach : Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem Pompa Air Tenaga Surya (PV-Baterai) Di Negeri Sila Kecamatan Nusalaut Maluku Tengah: Pendekatan Energi Hidraulik Luwis H. Laisina; Arnold J. Kastanja; Abraham Latumahina; Azmain Noor Hatuwe; Nikodemus Lewier
JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Volume 10 No. 2, September 2026 :JRST
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/jrst.v10i2.29028

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the performance of a PV–battery-based solar water pumping system as a solution for clean water supply in island regions with limited electricity infrastructure and high dependence on fossil fuels. The method applied is a hydro-energetic approach to analyze the relationship between electrical energy produced by the system and the volume of water pumped, based on field measurements with a 10-minute resolution conducted from October 16 to December 3, 2025. The system consists of 2.76 kWp PV modules, a 24V 100Ah battery, and a 2.2 kW submersible pump. The results show that the system operates stably with an average runtime of 4.9 hours/day, water production of 58.3 m³/day, and availability of 94%. The hydro-energetic efficiency reaches 10.6%, with a strong linear relationship between electrical energy and water volume (R² = 0.94), indicating consistent system performance. Under low Peak Sun Hour (PSH) conditions, system performance decreases by 25–30%; however, the system continues to operate without significant interruption due to battery support as an energy buffer. These findings demonstrate that the hydro-energetic approach is an effective and simple method for evaluating and monitoring PV-based water pumping systems in remote areas. ABSTRAK (Bahasa Indonesia) Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kinerja sistem pompa air tenaga surya berbasis PV–baterai sebagai solusi penyediaan air bersih di wilayah kepulauan dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur listrik dan ketergantungan pada energi fosil. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan energi–hidraulik untuk menganalisis hubungan antara energi listrik yang dihasilkan sistem dan volume air yang dipompa, berdasarkan data pengukuran lapangan dengan resolusi 10 menit selama periode 16 Oktober hingga 3 Desember 2025. Sistem yang diuji terdiri dari modul PV berkapasitas 2,76 kWp, baterai 24V 100Ah, dan pompa submersible 2,2 kW. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu beroperasi secara stabil dengan durasi rata-rata 4,9 jam/hari, produksi air sebesar 58,3 m³/hari, dan tingkat availability mencapai 94%. Efisiensi energi–hidraulik tercatat sebesar 10,6% dengan hubungan linear yang kuat antara energi listrik dan volume air (R² = 0,94), yang menunjukkan konsistensi performa sistem. Pada kondisi Peak Sun Hour (PSH) rendah, terjadi penurunan kinerja sebesar 25–30%, namun sistem tetap beroperasi tanpa gangguan signifikan berkat dukungan baterai sebagai penyimpan energi. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan energi–hidraulik efektif digunakan sebagai metode sederhana untuk evaluasi dan pemantauan kinerja sistem PV–pompa air di daerah terpencil.  

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