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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14119420     EISSN : 24601578     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry is an International, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, as well as short communication in all areas of chemistry including applied chemistry. The journal is accredited by The Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education (RISTEKDIKTI) No : 21/E/KPT/2018 (in First Rank) and indexed in Scopus since 2012. Since 2018 (Volume 18), Indonesian Journal of Chemistry publish four issues (numbers) annually (February, May, August and November).
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 21, No 2 (2021)" : 25 Documents clear
Antioxidant Activities and Identification of an Active Compound from Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) Peel Mistriyani Mistriyani; Sugeng Riyanto; Anjar Windarsih; Abdul Rohman
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.50421

Abstract

The consumption of rambutan fruit resulted in a vast amount of peels and seeds waste. Therefore, the exploration of active compounds having beneficial effects on human health, such as antioxidants, is very lucrative. This research was aimed to isolate and to identify the active compound as an antioxidant from rambutan peel. The powdered rambutan peel was extracted with a maceration technique using methanol then fractionated using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate to get the corresponding fractions. The extract and fractions were determined for its antioxidant activities in vitro using 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and metal-chelating assay. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest antiradical activity with an IC50 value of 26.22 μg/mL and metal-chelating activity, accounting for 12.32%. The antioxidant activities of extract and fractions correlated with its phenolics and flavonoid contents. Identification of active compounds using FTIR, GC-MS, and NMR resulted in the chemical formula of C7H6O4, identified as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.
Hydrotreatment of Cellulose-Derived Bio-Oil Using Copper and/or Zinc Catalysts Supported on Mesoporous Silica-Alumina Synthesized from Lapindo Mud and Catfish Bone Fahri Swasdika; Wega Trisunaryanti; Iip Izul Falah
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.50558

Abstract

Catalysts comprising copper and/or zinc supported on mesoporous silica-alumina (MSA) with a high Si/Al ratio were prepared by wet impregnation method. This study investigated the preparation, characterization, and catalytic application of the prepared catalysts for hydrotreatment cellulose-derived bio-oil. The wet impregnation was performed by directly dispersing Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and/or Zn(NO3)2·4H2O aqueous solution into MSA, followed by calcination and reduction under H2 gas stream. The acidity test revealed that metal addition on MSA support increases the acidity of catalysts. During hydrotreatment of cellulose-derived bio-oil CuZn/MSA with total acidity, copper loading, zinc loading, and specific surface area of 24.86 mmol g–1, 5.23 wt.%, 3.15 wt.%, and 170.77 m2 g–1, respectively, exhibited the best performance compared to other prepared catalysts with 90.49 wt.% conversion of liquid product.
Influence of Different Annealing Temperatures on the Structural and Optical Properties of TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized via Sol-Gel Method: Potential Application as UV Sensor Nur Munirah Safiay; Rozina Abdul Rani; Najwa Ezira Ahmed Azhar; Zuraida Khusaimi; Fazlena Hamzah; Mohamad Rusop
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.52255

Abstract

In this research, TiO2 thin films were prepared using a simple sol-gel spin coating process. The films were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy Dispersive Ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Ultraviolet–visible Spectrophotometer in order to investigate the influence of different annealing temperatures to the structural and optical properties of TiO2. The surface morphology images from FE-SEM display a uniform layer of nanoparticles with a sample of 500 °C possess the most uniform and the visible spherical grain of TiO2 nanoparticles. EDX spectra confirm the presence of Ti and O elements in the samples. The structural properties from the XRD pattern demonstrate that the films are crystalline at a temperature of 500 and 600 °C and the peak (101) intensity was increased as the annealing temperature increased. They exist in the anatase phase at the preferred plane orientation of (101). The calculated crystallite size for 500 and 600 °C samples is 19.22 and 28.37 nm, respectively. The films also possessed excellent absorption in the ultraviolet (UV) region with optical band gap energy ranging from 3.32 to 3.43 eV. These results can be fundamental for the fabrication of a UV sensing device.
Dual Function of Silver Nanoparticles as Matrix Extracell Removal and Antimicrobial Agent in Polymycrobial Biofilms Mei Shirli Yasinta; Hera Lisna Ginawati; Nira Ambar Arum; Harini Nur Hikmah; Sri Sumarsih; Mochamad Zakki Fahmi; Afaf Baktir
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.52355

Abstract

Candida albicans often form polymicrobial biofilms along with pathogenic microbes. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were well known to have strong antimicrobial activity. However, their effect on polymicrobial biofilms and the mechanism has never been reported. This study aimed to synthesize AgNPs and study their effects on polymicrobial biofilm represented by C. albicans–E. coli biofilm. Polymicrobial biofilms, formed by clinical isolates of C. albicans and E. coli, were developed from the standardized suspensions of each strain by culturing flat-bottom 96-well microtiter plates for 48 h, then treated with AgNPs. Cell viability was assessed using the tetrazolium salt reduction assay; the extent of biofilm formation was measured by crystal violet staining. AgNPs reduced the polymicrobial biofilm in two ways: by degrading the extracellular matrix and killing both C. albicans and E. coli. The results showed AgNPs is a potential new approach for developing potent anti-biofilms.
Fabrication and Performance of a Microbial Fuel Cell: Utilization of Modified Nafion Membrane with Carbon Powder as Separator and Bio-Anode Mustapha Abdeldjabar Charef; Hakima Kebaili; Mostefa Kameche; Christophe Innocent
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.52728

Abstract

A Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) was conceived by using garden soil as a source to culture. It was then utilized as a bio-catalyst to decompose waste organic matter, reduce pollution from the soil, and produce energies. The MFC was composed of a bio-anode inoculated with a mixture of garden compost leachate and an abiotic stainless steel cathode. Besides, the bio-anode consisted of a Nafion membrane modified with carbon. The microorganisms agglomerated under polarization and formed electroactive bio-film onto bio-anode. In the preliminary test of MFC, potassium hexacyanoferrate has been utilized as catholyte, to enhance the reduction of proton and electrons resulting in a higher voltage. However, this electrolyte is toxic and oxidized rapidly, thus substituted by the hydrochloric acid. The results showed that the MFC with modified Nafion, gave relatively high current-density 379 mA/m2 in two days, whereas the conventional biofuel cell without modification attained the current-density 292 mA/m2 in four days. Nevertheless, both cells yielded almost the same current density of 20 mA/m2 during 60 days. Although it has been used for a long time, the modified Nafion has not been corroded and preserved its physicochemical properties.
In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Quercetin and Daidzin as Selective Anticancer Agents Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair; Syariful Anam; Saipul Maulana; Muhammad Arba
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.53552

Abstract

Quercetin and daidzin are flavonoid and flavonoid glycoside type compounds that have been found in many plants and nutraceuticals. This study aims to examine the in vitro cytotoxic and selectivity properties of quercetin and daidzin on breast and cervical cancers and to study their molecular interaction and stability on epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) by applying molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In vitro anticancer activity was performed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method on breast cancer cell (T47D), cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and Vero normal cells, while molecular docking and MD simulation were done by using AutoDock Vina and Amber18 package software, respectively. Quercetin and daidzin showed potent cytotoxic and high selectivity on both cell lines. Daidzin was found to has a higher IC50 and selectivity index than quercetin. Docking and MD results showed that both compounds prefer to interact with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK). Daidzin showed better interaction than quercetin with a docking score of -9.6 kcal/mol. Also, daidzin was found more stable than quercetin with low RMSD and RMSF values.
Characterization and Utilization of Sulphuric Acid and Bitter Leaf Extract Activated Carbon from Rice Husk for Zn(II) Adsorption Ilesanmi Osasona; Ujiro Bestow Kanuhor
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.54786

Abstract

The world is clamoring for green synthetic modes of scientific and technological operations. From this point of view, an attempt was made to prepare activated carbon from rice husk using aqueous bitter leaf extract and a mineral acid (H2SO4) separately. The surface characteristics and the adsorption properties of the activated carbons from both methods were compared. The effects of adsorption variables on the adsorption of Zn(II) by bitter leaf extract activated carbon (RHAC1) and H2SO4 activated carbon (RHAC2) were conducted through batch studies. The morphological characterization revealed RHAC1 to be fibrous, more porous and contained finer particles than the chemical-activated counterpart. The role of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in the adsorption of Zn(II) was pivotal. The optimum pH values for the adsorption of Zn(II) by both samples was 7. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherm obeyed Elovich and Freundlich models respectively while the evaluated Langmuir qmax were 71.47 and 67.12 mg g–1 for RHAC1 and RHAC2 respectively. The thermodynamic parameters revealed that the process was endothermic and spontaneous at all evaluated temperatures. Therefore, bitter leaf aqueous extract, as an activating agent for carbon production, could serve as a better or close substitute for the less environment-friendly H2SO4.
Ability of Ectoine to Stabilize Lipase against Elevated Temperatures and Methanol Concentrations I Putu Parwata; Deana Wahyuningrum; Sony Suhandono; Rukman Hertadi
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.54931

Abstract

Ectoine is one of the compatible organic molecules that can protect the protein from heating, freezing, and chemicals contact. This study aims to investigate the ability of ectoine to stabilize lipase on heating and in methanol treatments as an effort to provide a stable biocatalyst for the production of biodiesel. Various ectoine concentrations were added to lipase solutions, then the mixture was heated, and the residual activity of the lipase was determined. Similar steps were also conducted for methanol treatment. The results showed that ectoine maintained and even improved the catalytic activity of lipase after treatment with either heat or methanol. The addition of ectoine to a final concentration of 110 to 150 mM could maintain lipase activity up to 80% when heating to approximately 95 °C. Additionally, more than 20% of lipase activity increased on heating to temperatures below 75 °C in the presence of ectoine at a final concentration of 25 to 120 mM. Meanwhile, after incubation in methanol at a level of around 84% (v/v), the activity of lipase containing 40–90 mM ectoine was maintained. These results demonstrated that ectoine was highly effective in protecting lipase from heat and methanol.
Development of Voltammetry Analysis Method of Copper Metal Ions by Solid-State Membrane with Carbon Nanotube Suyanta Suyanta; Sunarto Sunarto; Regina Tutik Padmaningrum; Karlinda Karlinda; Illyas Md. Isa; Rahadian Rahadian
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.55056

Abstract

This study was aimed to develop a method for metal analysis in continuous integration using voltammetry techniques. The research subject was copper(II) ions. The objects of research were linearity, scan rate, repeatability of readings, and the presence of Cu(II) levels in well water samples. In this study, a selective electrode was developed with a solid membrane voltammetry system using differential pulse voltammetry measurement. The results showed the regression line of voltammetry method, y = 10.265 ln (x) + 330.47, with a correlation value of 0.9654, the optimum scan rate was 10 mV/s, and within five repetitions of each measurement for one electrode, it showed good repeatability. Meanwhile, the result of regression with the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method for Cu(II) was y = 0.12386x + 0.00879 with a correlation value of 0.9943. The voltammetry method was found to be much better than the UV-Vis method because it was able to be used for analysis up to a concentration of 6.35 × 10–4 ppm (or 1.00 × 10–11 M), while the UV-Vis method was only able to analyze up to 1.5 ppm (or 2.36 × 10–5 M).
Identification of the Chemical Constituents of the Selected Fraction of the Dichloromethane Extract of Syzygium samarangense Stem Bark Using LC-ESI-MS and Evaluation Its Potential as Antifungal Agent Tukiran Tukiran; Suyatno Suyatno; Frisca Nadya Safitri
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.55366

Abstract

Several extracts of Syzygium species have been shown to inhibit the growth of some fungal microorganisms implicated in skin diseases, such as Candida albicans included S. samarangense. However, an antifungal test of C. Albicans on this plant's stem bark had not been reported. This study aimed to identify chemical constituents of the selected fraction from dichloromethane extracts of the stem bark of S. samarangense and determine the antifungal activity of the selected fraction at various concentrations on C. Albicans. The identification of the chemical constituent of the selected fraction has been performed by the LC-ESI-MS technique. An antifungal test of the selected fraction was carried out using the disk diffusion method. The samples used included the selected fraction with 5 variations of concentration (2.5; 2.0; 1.5; 1.0; and 0.5%), positive control (ketoconazole 1%), and negative control (DMSO). The results showed that the selected fraction has antifungal activity on C. Albicans. The results showed that the selected fraction contains four flavonoids: pinocembrin, uvangoletin, stercurensin, and aurentiacin. Due to antifungal activity on C. Albicans, it has moderate activity at a concentration of 2.5%, while concentrations of 2.0, 1.5, 1.0, and 0.5% have weak activity.

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