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Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

bilp
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Published by Kementerian Perdagangan

ISSN : 19799187 EISSN : 25282751 DOI : -

Core Subject : Economy,

Economics, Econometrics & Finance

First published in 2007, Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan (BILP) is a scientific journal published by the Trade Analysis dan Development Agency (Badan Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Perdagangan - BPPP), Ministry of Trade, Republic of Indonesia. This bulletin is expected to be a media of dissemination and analysis of research results to be used as references for academics, practitioners, policy-makers, and the general public. In collaboration with professional associations, The Indonesian Society of Agricultural Economics (Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia - PERHEPI), BILP publishes research reports and analysis of trade sector and/or sector-related trade which have not been published in any other journals/scholarly publications, either in Bahasa Indonesia or English. Publishing twice a year in July and December, this Bulletin is directly disseminated to stakeholders both in print and online.

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Articles 209 Documents

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KONFLIK PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA –CHINA Ferry Samuel Jacob
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 1 No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Trade relation between Indonesia and china has faced a certainty constraint. It emeged when the government of Indonesia and China at almost the same time released a public warning and import restriction from each country, there is a worry it would become the central issue of the happening of broader tradeconflic t. A problem actually , was not an action of reciprocating of government of Indonesia and China. It would rather show the problem of product standardization especially concerned health standard .Each country claims the hazardous substances contained in a certainty product which could bring one of the worst diseases for humam health. Moreover, the standard which claimed by both countries based on the product standard applying in each country and has been confessed internationally. Both Indonesia and China was going to solve the problem bilaterally (G to G). Therefore , the conflict will increase the cost of opportunity higher than the benefit for Indonesia and China.

DAMPAK PENERAPAN H.R.4380, DALAM THE U.S. MANUFACTURING ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 2010 BAGI INDONESIA Aziza Rahmaniar Salam
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 5 No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

This study aims at reviewing the Indonesia trade performance on several products included in the list of the new Act, the u.s manufacturing enhancement Act of 2010. Using secondary data collected from The Central Board of Statistics and the World bank, it was found that Indonesia has benefits from the tariff reduction facility under the US Manufacturing Enhancement Act of 2011. The benefit is in increasing non-oil product exports to US. Also,it is shown that there is an increasing Indonesia’s shares in US market especially for products with tariff heading 2934.99, 3808.93, 3907.99, 3917.40, 4016,99 and 4202.92

KAJIAN INDIKATOR IKLIM USAHA PERDAGANGAN DKI JAKARTA Bagas Haryotejo; Sefiani Rayadiani
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 3 No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Business climate of a country or a region reflect the performance of the concerned Government in control of policies and regulations, both in the landscape and in the operational landscape concept. In general trade business climate in Indonesia had not sufficiently demonstrated a satisfactory condition. Results weighting of trading business climate, namely: (1) the licensing indicators (0,146); (2) security conditions (0,146); (3) conditions of the business environment (0,127); (4) public infrastructure services (0,114); and (5) employment regulation (0,102). While indicators are graded so do not give access to financing is the influence of the company (with the value weights 0,059). Results of the assessment of the business climate in the capital Jakarta with using 10 indicators weighted by pointing out Jakarta, with a value of 3,178 and included into the category quite conducive. The three indicators that contributes is the largest security conditions (3,282), employment (3,191) regulations, and customs (3,175), while the three indicators that have the lowest value is taxation (2,587), land/soil conditions (2,824), and licensing (2,893). Implication of this policy is that business climate improved trade opportunities still can and is very necessary, not least by improving the performance of various indicators mentioned earlier. The very conditions expected from results 'quite conducive' is a two-way communication between the Government in collaboration with entrepreneurs and who are able to establish partnerships in a variety of activities.

KOINTEGRASI EKSPOR IMPOR INDONESIA, 1970 - 2013 Azis Muslim
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 8 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat kointegrasi antara ekspor dan impor di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Uji Kointegrasi Gregory-Hansen dengan pertimbangan adanya structural break berdasarkan pada data tahunan ekspor impor Indonesia dari tahun 1970 sampai dengan 2013. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa tidak terjadi kointegrasi antara ekspor dan impor. Hal ini berarti bahwa Indonesia menghadapi masalah neraca pembayaran, serta defisit perdagangan yang terjadi bukan merupakan fenomena jangka pendek. This research aims to investigate empirically the existence of Indonesian export import cointegration. This Research used the Gregory-Hansen cointegration analysis due to structural break based on Indonesia Export import annual data (period of 1970-2013 ). The results showed that there is no-cointegration of Indonesia export and import which means that Indonesia is facing international budget constraint and trade deficit isn’t a short term phenomenon.

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING UMKM PANGAN DI PALEMBANG Asri Delmayuni; Musa Hubeis; Eko Ruddy Cahyadi
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 11 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) mempunyai potensi sangat besar untuk kemajuan perekonomian Indonesia, karena tersebar diseluruh wilayah Indonesia. Mensejahterahkan UMKM akan berdampak besar bagi perekonomian negara indonesia. Penelitian mengenai strategi untuk meningkatkan daya saing Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Pangan di Kota Palembang ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis Strength, Weaknes, Opportunity, and Threats (SWOT) dan Analisis Hirarki Proses (AHP).Sampel usaha UMKM Pangan di Palembang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Berdasarkan SWOT dan AHP diperoleh hasil bahwa strategi prioritas yang harus dilakukan oleh UMKM pangan berdaya saing di Kota Palembang adalah penggunaan peralatan yang lebih moderndalam proses produksiagar variasi makanan dapat dibuat secara lebih efisien dan efektif; serta pemanfaatan manajemen modern agar pengolahan UMKM dapat mencakup ekonomi lokal (dalam negeri) dan juga luar negeri. Untuk itu kontribusi dan kerjasama yang baik antar pemerintah dan UMKM akan membuat UMKM bisa melakukan perannya dengan baik dan menciptakan UMKM pangan yang berdaya saing. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) has a large potential for the economic progress in Indonesiasince it has been widespread throughout the country. Prospering the SMEs will bring a major impact for the economy of Indonesia.The research about strategy to improve the competitiveness of Food Micro Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Palembang City was done by using the Strength, Weaknes, Opportunity, and Threats (SWOT) analysis and Hierarchy Analysis Process (AHP). The sample of SMEs food business in Palembang was taken by using purposive sampling technique.The result shows that the priority strategy that should be done by the SMEs are using the modern equipment in production process in order to make the food variation more effective and eficient;and utilizingthe modern management for SME’s processing can cover the domestic and international economy. Therefore, good cooperation between goverment and SMEs will lead to a better function of SMEs which creates high competitiveness in SMEs.

DAYA SAING DAN SALURAN PEMASARAN RUMPUT LAUT: KASUS KABUPATEN JENEPONTO, SULAWESI SELATAN Erizal Mahatama; Miftah Farid
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 7 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di daerah tertinggal, pemerintah menetapkan pengembangan komoditas rumput laut sebagai salah satu pintu masuk pembangunan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis daya saing dan efisiensi pemasaran produk budidaya rumput laut Kabupaten Jeneponto. Daya saing budidaya rumput laut diukur dengan menggunakan metode Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) dan efisiensi pemasaran rumput laut diukur dengan menggunakan indeks efisiensi teknis dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha budidaya rumput laut memiliki daya saing, namun kebijakan pemerintah saat ini masih bersifat disinsentif terhadap pengembangannya. Petani umumnya tidak memperoleh subsidi input dan fasilitas proteksi dari pemerintah. Bahkan petani harus mengeluarkan biaya produksi yang lebih besar dari yang seharusnya. Saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien baik secara teknis maupun ekonomis adalah dari petani ke pedagang pengumpul ke eksportir. The government is promoting seaweed cultivation as a means to improve the welfare of poorer regions. This study examines (a) the competitiveness of seaweed cultivation and (b) the technical and economic efficiency of seaweed marketing in Jeneponto Regency as representative of development backward region. The competitiveness of seaweed cultivation was estimated using a Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The efficiency of seaweed marketing was estimated using a technical and economic efficiency index. This study shows that seaweed cultivation is competitive but is undermined by government policy. Farmers generally do not receive input subsidies or protection from government facilities and actually pay more than necessary for some inputs. The most efficient marketing channels both technically and economically is from farmers to merchant collectors to exporters.

FAKTOR PENENTU INSTABILITAS HARGA PRODUK BERBASIS IMPOR (Kedele dan Gula) Yati Nuryati; Yudha Hadian Nur; Dwi Wahyuniarti Prabowo
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 4 No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Price stability of staple food needs is one of the government’s policy priorities in anticipating the negative impact of the global economic crisis. Price instability in the long term could impact on high inflation, falling of purchasing power and political manipulation that would interfere the availability of strategic food products. The high price of staple food needs will certainly disturb the national food security. The aims of ths study is analyzing the factors that influence the instability of soybean and sugar price and determine how domestic patterns of integration and the price mechanism, as well as offering the necessary policy formulation related to the stabilization effort on imported base of staple food needs. Analysis using descriptive qualitative and quantitative dynamic econometric model that is structural vector autoregression (sVAR) and error correction model (ECM) using monthly time series data in 2000-2009. There is a strong integration between the world market commodity prices with price stability of soybean and sugar prices where transmission occurs in about 2-14 months. World price shocks and the impact of imports on price increases and reaches equilibrium at a higher price level. The mechanism of the international market is still strong enough to affect soybean and sugar domestic market. The implication show that price on imported base product such as sugar and soybeans still necessary to be implemented.

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI DAN ESTIMASI TARIF EKUIVALEN NTBs EKSPOR KAYU LAPIS INDONESIA Kartika Rahma Sari; Widyastutik Widyastutik
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor kayu lapis dengan menggunakan Gravity Model, dan menghitung Nilai Tarif Ekuivalen dari Non Tariff Barriers (NTBs) kayu lapis Indonesia di negara tujuan. Berdasarkan pendekatan Gravity Model (Model Gravitasi), aliran perdagangan potensial diperoleh dengan melakukan subtitusi seluruh data kedalam persamaan gravity. Fitted trade flow dari persamaan gravity model dianggap sebagai aliran perdagangan potensial. Perbedaan antara aliran perdagangan aktual dan potensial diindikasikan sebagai tarif ekuivalen dari NTBs. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ekspor kayu lapis Indonesia yaitu Gross Domestic Product (GDP) riil Indonesia dan negara tujuan, Indek Harga Konsumen (IHK) Indonesia dan negara tujuan, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar dan krisis keuangan tahun 2010. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan negara Uni Eropa seperti Inggris dan Belgia memiliki rata-rata tarif ekuivalen NTBs paling besar. Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK) untuk legalitas produk kayu dapat dijadikan sebagai strategi untuk menghadapi NTBs yang ada di negara tujuan ekspor. This study sets out to analyze factors that influence plywood exports utilizing the Gravity Model and assess the equivalent tariff value of Non Trade Barriers plywood on destination countries. Based on the Gravity Model approach, a potential of flow of trade is obtained through substituting the whole data into gravity equation. Fitted trade flow from the Gravity Model equation is considered as a potential trade flow. The difference between actual and potential trade flow is indicated by the NTB equivalent tariff. The result shows factors that are influential on plywood exports notably the GDPs of Indonesia and destination countries, Consumer Index Price in Indonesia and destination countries, economic distance, exchange value and economic crisis in 2010. In addition, European Union such as England and Belgium have the highest average for NTB equivalent tariff. Verification System of Plywood legality is one alternative that can be deployed as a strategy when confronting NTB on destination countries.

PENGEMBANGAN USAHA DAGANG KECIL MENENGAH DALAM MENDUKUNG KEBUDAYAAN DAN PARIWISATA Heny Sukesi
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 1 No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Usaha dagang kecil menegah (UDKM) merupakan salah satu prioritas pembangunan yang telah terbukti cukup handal dalam menghadapi berbagai gejolak, baik ekonomi maupun politik. Sementara itu kemajuan sektor pariwisata sangat didukung oleh kekayaan alam Indonesia yang merupakan warisan yang tangible (kasat mata) dan intangible (tidak kasat mata), yang mana saat ini belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Usaha dagang kecil menengah dapat menghasilkan produk-produk hasil industry kreatif untuk mendukung sektor pariwisata antara lain:Barang-barang kerajinan yang disukai para wisman baik dari dalam maupun luar negeri seperti kerajinan perak, perhiasan pakai permata dan lainnyaBarang souvenir seperti patung, relief dari tanah, lukisann dan lainnyaKertas seni yang dapat diolah dari barang bekas atau limbah hasil pertanian menjadi produk hasil kerajinan khas daerah tertentu seperti kaps lampu, tas, hiasan dinding, tempat tissue dan barang souvenir lainnyaLandasan ekonomi kreatif adalah Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) untuk melindungi karya dari para pekerja di industry kreatif. Komitmen TIM Nasional HKI adalah memperkuat Undang-undang dan peraturan, penegakan hokum, sosialisasi, pengembangan SDM dan kerjasama internasional. Disamping itu pemerintah telah meluncurkan program Indonesia Desain Power (IDP) yang dimaksudkan pendayagunaan desain untuk meningkatkan daya saing produk-produk Indonesia yang berbasis Kekayaan Intelektual dan Sumber Daya Alam (SDA) yang dilakukan melalui inovasi bersumber dari budaya dan warisan budaya.

EKSPOR KOMODITI DASAR PADAT KARYA INDONESIA, 2000-2009 Abuzar Asra
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 5 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

during 2000-2009, Indonesia’s export of labor intensive primary commodities grew faster than the growth of Indonesia’s total export, indicating its increasing role in Indonesia’s trade. Most of this export went to three countries: Japan, America and Singapore (JAS). The available information shows that the share of Indonesia’s labor intensive primary commodities in the JAS’ import of these commodities increased during 2000-2009, while the share of Indonesia’s export to JAS’ total import remained the same. It shows that the level of market penetration of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS was higher than that of all commodities. This study uses the constant market share (cms) Analysis to evaluate the performance of Indonesia’s export of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS during the 2000’s. CMS analysis finds that during the 2000’s, with the exception of 2000-2003, Indonesia’s total export and export of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS rose in line with the increase in world’s export to these three countries. on the whole, except for 2006-2009, the export performance of Indonesia’s labor intensive primary commodities to JAS was better than the performance of Indonesia’s total export to JAS. This is due to the positive effect of both commodity composition and competitiveness during 2000-2003 and 2003-2006. For 2006-2009, the performance of Indonesia’s export of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS, relative to the world’s export of the same commodities to JAS, was discouraging, due to a significantly negative commodity composition effect. As export of these commodities, especially to JAS, is important, viewed from both employment creation and foreign exchange generation, it is then necessary to find ways to improve its performance.

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