Communications in Science and Technology
Communication in Science and Technology [p-ISSN 2502-9258 | e-ISSN 2502-9266] is an international open access journal devoted to various disciplines including social science, natural science, medicine, technology and engineering. CST publishes research articles, reviews and letters in all areas of aforementioned disciplines. The journal aims to provide comprehensive source of information on recent developments in the field. The emphasis will be on publishing quality articles rapidly and making them freely available to researchers worldwide. All articles will be indexed by Google Scholar, DOAJ, PubMed, Google Metric, Ebsco and also to be indexed by Scopus and Thomson Reuters in the near future therefore providing the maximum exposure to the articles. The journal will be important reading for scientists and researchers who wish to keep up with the latest developments in the field.
Articles
209 Documents
<![CDATA[Tooth spray with active ingredients casein phosphopeptide – amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP – ACP) and ethanolic extract propolis (EEP) to inhibit tooth demineralization ]]>
<![CDATA[Sahlan, Muhamad]]>;
<![CDATA[Purwanti, Lucia]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 1 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.1.2.2016.24
<![CDATA[Dental caries is a disease caused by the microbial infection that produces localized damage to the tissue classification. The process begins by demineralization in hard tissue followed by damage to the organic material. Dental caries happens because of demineralization without balanced by remineralization. In this study, tooth powder spray and tooth liquid spray was made with active ingredients of 10% w/w CPP-ACP (Casein Phosphopeptide - Amorphous Calcium Phosphate) and EEP (Ethanolic Extract Propolis), with the variation of 0%, 2%, and 4% w/w EEP in each preparation to inhibit demineralization. Each preparation should pass organoleptic and viscosity study to maintain the quality. pH of each preparation was evaluated to ensure that each preparation has pH above the critical pH of the oral environment. The stability of polyphenol as the antibacterial agent was evaluated for a month to assure the bioavailability in the preparations. The result shows that each preparation has enough organoleptic aspect and proper viscosity. pH level in each preparation is stable above critical pH of mouth environment (5.5), it ranges between 6.5 – 7.12. Polyphenol content in each preparation is stable with highest polyphenol content in tooth powder spray of 4% EEP, i.e. 1.39 – 1.45% (w/w). Qualitative evaluation of tooth morphology by SEM shows that preparations can inhibit enamel demineralization relatively to negative control.]]>
<![CDATA[Internal content classification of ultrasound thyroid nodules based on textural features ]]>
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Anan]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Hanung Adi]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawan, Noor Akhmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Choridah, Lina]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 1 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.1.2.2016.25
<![CDATA[Ultrasound (US) is one of the best imaging modalities on thyroid identification. The suspicious thyroid is indicated in the existence of palpable nodules whose solid or cystic composition. Solid nodules have high possibility to be malignant than cystic. An effort to detect and classify the internal content of thyroid nodule has become challenge problem in radiology area. Operator dependence of ultrasound imaging makes it complicated due to missing interpretation among radiologists. Objective Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) was designed to solve it which works on texture analysis of histogram statistic, gray level co-occurrence matrice (GLCM) and gray level run length matrices (GLRLM). The fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is not needed because the textural pattern is significantly different between solid and cystic nodules. Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) was adopted to do classification process for 72 US thyroid images yield an accuracy of 90.28%, the sensitivity of 87.80%, specificity of 93.55% and precision of 94.74%.]]>
<![CDATA[Interval type-2 fuzzy logic system for diagnosis coronary artery disease ]]>
<![CDATA[Sajiah, Adha Mashur]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawan, Noor Akhmad]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyunggoro, Oyas]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 1 No 2 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.1.2.2016.26
<![CDATA[Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a disease that has been the deadliest disease in Indonesia. The ratio of cardiologists over potential patients is not appropriate either. Intelligent system which can help doctors or patients for cheap and efficient diagnosing CAD is needed. Medical record data, acquisition of cardiologist knowledge and computing technology can be utilized for developing fuzzy logic based intelligent system. Type-1 fuzzy logic system (T1 FLS) has been widely used in various fields. T1 FS has limitation in representing and modelling uncertainty and minimize the impact. Whereas, type-2 fuzzy set (T2 FS) was also introduced as fuzzy set that can model uncertainty more sophisticated. T2 FLS does have a higher degree of freedom when modeling uncertainty but it is quite difficult to make the membership function. An interval T2 FS is a T2 FS in which the membership grade on third dimension is the same everywhere so it is simpler than T2 FS. This paper aims to clarify the better capability of IT2 FLS over T1 FLS on the development of CAD diagnosis system. Rules and membership function were formulated with the help of fuzzy c-means. This study illustrated the causes of CAD risk factors, fuzzification, type reduction and defuzzification. The resulted system was tested with percentage split method (50%-50%) to produce training data and testing data. This test is performed ten times with random seed to separate the data set. The resulted system generates an average of 73.78% accuracy, 71.94% sensitivity and 76.52% specificity.]]>
<![CDATA[A Review of Potential Method for Optimization of Power Plant Expansion Planning in Jawa-Madura-Bali Electricity System ]]>
<![CDATA[Setya Budi, Rizki Firmansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Sarjiya, Sarjiya]]>;
<![CDATA[Hadi, Sasongko Pramono]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 2 No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.2.1.2017.41
<![CDATA[The paper contains a literature review to obtain an optimization method that potentially can be used to optimize power plant expansion of Jawa-Madura-Bali (Jamali) power system in 2015-2050. An optimization model that can represent auction process and direct appointment of IPP by considering the long term period (multi-period framework) and multi-objective function (economical, reliable, and environmentally friendly), is needed. Based on the literature review that has been done, it is obtained the method that potentially can be used for the Jamali optimization is game theory with multi-period, bi-level and multi objective optimization method. Game theory is used to represent the auction process and direct appointment of IPP. Multi-period is used to represent the long term period from 2015-2050. Multi-objective optimization method is used to represent the aspects of cost, reliability, and CO2 emission which are considered in the optimization process]]>
<![CDATA[Automated localisation of optic disc in retinal colour fundus image for assisting in the diagnosis of glaucoma ]]>
<![CDATA[Listyalina, Latifah]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Hanung Adi]]>;
<![CDATA[Wibirama, Sunu]]>;
<![CDATA[Oktoeberza, Widhia KZ]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 2 No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.2.1.2017.43
<![CDATA[Optic disc (OD), especially its diameter together with optic cup diameter can be used as a feature to diagnose glaucoma. This study contains two main steps for optic disc localisation, i.e. OD centre point detection and OD diameter determination. Centre point of OD is obtained by finding brightness pixel value based on average filtering.  After that, OD diameter is measured from the detected optic disc boundary. The proposed scheme is validated on 30 healthy and glaucoma retinal fundus images from HRF database.  The results are compared to the ground truth images. The proposed scheme obtains evaluation result (E) for healthy and glaucoma images is 0.23 and 0.21, respectively. These results indicate successful implementation of automated OD localisation by detecting OD centre point and determining OD diameter.]]>
<![CDATA[Electroencephalography (EEG)-based epileptic seizure prediction using entropy and K-nearest neighbor (KNN) ]]>
<![CDATA[Ibrahim, Sutrisno Warsono]]>;
<![CDATA[Djemal, Ridha]]>;
<![CDATA[Alsuwailem, Abdullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Gannouni, Sofien]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 2 No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.2.1.2017.44
<![CDATA[Epilepsy is known as a brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. The development a system that able to predict seizure before its coming has several benefits such as allowing early treatment or even preventing the seizure. In this article, we propose a seizure prediction algorithm based on extracting Shannon entropy from electroencephalography (EEG) signals. K-nearest neighbor (KNN) method is used to continuously monitor the EEG signals by comparing with normal and pre-seizure baselines to predict the upcoming seizure. Both baselines are continuously updated based on the most recent prediction result using distance-based method. Our proposed algorithm is able to predict correctly 42 from 55 seizures (76 %), tested using up to 570 hours EEG taken from MIT dataset. With its simplicity and fast processing time, the proposed algorithm is suitable to be implemented in embedded system or mobile application that has limited processing resources. ]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of Distributed K-Means and Distributed Fuzzy C-Means Algorithms for Text Clustering ]]>
<![CDATA[Agastya, I Made Artha]]>;
<![CDATA[Adji, Teguh Bharata]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawan, Noor Akhmad]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 2 No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.2.1.2017.46
<![CDATA[Text clustering has been developed in distributed system due to increasing data. The popular algorithms like K-Means (KM) and Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) are combined with MapReduce algorithm in Hadoop Environment to be distributable and parallelizable. The problem is performance comparison between Distributed KM (DKM) and Distributed FCM (DFCM) that use Tanimoto Distance Measure (TDM) has not been studied yet. It is important because TDM’s characteristics are scale invariant while allowing discrimination collinear vectors. This work compared the combination of TDM with DKM (DKM-T) and TDM with DFCM (DFCM-T) to acquire performance of both algorithms. The result shows that DFCM-T has better intra-cluster and inter-cluster densities than those of DKM-T. Moreover, DFCM-T has lower processing time than that of DKM-T when total nodes used are 4 and 8. DFCM-T and DKM-T could perform clustering of 1,400,000 text files in 16.18 and 9.74 minutes but the preprocessing times take hours.]]>
<![CDATA[Modified Adaptive Support Weight for Stereo Matching ]]>
<![CDATA[Irijanti, Etik]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 2 No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.2.1.2017.47
<![CDATA[Local stereo matching algorithms are very popular in the recent years. The adaptive support weight algorithms can give high accuracy results such as global methods. This paper proposed a support aggregation approach for stereo matching that computed support weight in sparse support window mask. The improvement from the previous work is that the new support weight can reduce the computation into the fourth of the earlier work and help to reach the optimum correspondence. It means sparse support weight affects the time computation that is needed in stereo matching and optimizes the disparity. This support weight is used to accomplish the stereo matching evaluation using this method.]]>
<![CDATA[Application of spatial error model using GMM estimation in impact of education on poverty alleviation in Java, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Januardi, Ryan Willmanda]]>;
<![CDATA[Utomo, Agung Priyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 2 No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.2.2.2017.50
<![CDATA[Java Island is the center of development in Indonesia, and yet poverty remains its major problem. The pockets of poverty in Java are often located in urban and rural areas, dominated by productive age group population with low education. Taking into account spatial factors in determining policy, policy efficiency in poverty alleviation can be improved. This paper presents a Spatial Error Model (SEM) approach to determine the impact of education on poverty alleviation in Java. It not only focuses on the specification of empirical models but also in the selection of parameter estimation methods. Most studies use Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) as a parameter estimation method, but in the presence of normality disturbances, MLE is generally biased. The assumption test on the poverty data of Java showed that the model error was not normally distributed and there was spatial autocorrelation on the error terms. In this study we used SEM using Generalized Methods of Moment (GMM) estimation to overcome the biases associated with MLE. Our results indicate that GMM is as efficient as MLE in determining the impact of education on poverty alleviation in Java and robust to non-normality. Education indicators that have significant impact on poverty alleviation are literacy rate, average length of school year, and percentage of high schools and university graduates.]]>
<![CDATA[Stability analysis of semi-trimaran flat hull ship for a sea transportation model ]]>
<![CDATA[Putra, Gerry Liston]]>;
<![CDATA[Wibowo, Hadi Tresno]]>;
<![CDATA[Agusta, Fendra]]>
<![CDATA[ Communications in Science and Technology Vol 2 No 2 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia ]]>
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DOI: 10.21924/cst.2.2.2017.52
<![CDATA[Indonesia as an archipelagic nation highly requires a model of sea transportation as interconnection mainframe between islands. An effective and efficient use of sea transportation is the main factor to improve Indonesian economy. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the sea transportation model that services throughout Indonesian sea. It has been known that an alternative solution to this specific need is the use of Semi Trimaran Flat Hull Ship. The main supporting reason is the good stability feature owned by this ship design. The focal point of this research is to evaluate the stability test using inclining method according to international standard. Maximum righting lever (GZ) obtained is 4.59 cm for the model size or 1.377 m for the original size in 57.3 degrees. The value is greater than 25 degrees as a standard value. Thus, the result of ship stability analysis shows that semi-trimaran Flat Hull Ship has complied with all IMO (International Maritime Organization) criteria. All of these results indicate that this ship has good stability feature and fit to be continued in a physical testing.]]>
