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Communications in Science and Technology
Published by Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia
ISSN : 25029258     EISSN : 25029266     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Communication in Science and Technology [p-ISSN 2502-9258 | e-ISSN 2502-9266] is an international open access journal devoted to various disciplines including social science, natural science, medicine, technology and engineering. CST publishes research articles, reviews and letters in all areas of aforementioned disciplines. The journal aims to provide comprehensive source of information on recent developments in the field. The emphasis will be on publishing quality articles rapidly and making them freely available to researchers worldwide. All articles will be indexed by Google Scholar, DOAJ, PubMed, Google Metric, Ebsco and also to be indexed by Scopus and Thomson Reuters in the near future therefore providing the maximum exposure to the articles. The journal will be important reading for scientists and researchers who wish to keep up with the latest developments in the field.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 209 Documents
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Experimental investigation of a thermoelectric generator assisted with heat pipe sinks for pickup car exhaust waste heat recovery Sukarno, Ragil; Indasyach Moreno, Zavi; Rio Budi Syaka, Darwin; Gunawan, Yohanes; Gama Yoga, Nugroho; Fariz Adzani, Rivaldo; Putra Mustafit, Alvian; Kurniawati, Desy
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1661

Abstract

In internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV), about 40% of the heat is discharged into the environment as waste heat. This study proposed to develop an energy recovery device to utilize exhaust heat as electrical energy using a thermoelectric generator (TEG) assisted with a heat pipe sink. Six TEG units were installed on the stainless-steel heat block in an exhaust pipe where each TEG unit varied with one-stage TEG and two-stage TEG modules. The results showed that the maximum power generated and TEG efficiency of 1.4 W and 1.14% were obtained under 180oC of exhaust pipe temperature, with a two-stage TEG with a heat pipe sink under forced convection. The use of a heat pipe sink and under-forced convection improves the TEG system's performance by increasing the temperature difference between both sides of the TEG module, which impacts the electric power generated. This research provides some practical guidance for increasing the power and efficiency of TEGs by improving heat transfer performance through heat pipes.
Enhancement in thermal stability and surface properties of LiFePO4/VFLG composite prepared via sol-gel route Amri, Amun; Bertilsya Hendri, Yola; Sunarno; Dwi Setyo Pambudi, Yoyok; Assylzhan, Mazhibayev; Elmira, Kambarova; Ain, Khusnul; Jumbri, Khairulazhar; Tao Jiang, Zhong; Yang, Chun-Chen
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1667

Abstract

Thermal and surface properties of LiFePO4/very-few-layer graphene (LiFePO4/VFLG) composite manufactured through the sol-gel route have been researched for lithium-ion battery cathode application. VFLG was acquired from a facile, cost-effective, and environmentally benign fluid dynamic shear exfoliation process. The composites were characterized through thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) interlinked with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and Braneur-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The TGA-DSC results showed that the integration of VFLG could enhance the thermal stability of the composite by inhibiting oxygen diffusion on the LiFePO4 surface. FESEM-EDX analysis, meanwhile, confirmed the homogeneously distributed VFLG in the composites. TEM results revealed that the average particle sizes of the composites decreased by about 21.2% compared to the bare LiFePO4. TEM and HRTEM results confirmed an intimate contact between VFLG intimately and LiFePO4 particles via plane-to-point contact, contributing to the control and reduction of particle size. Furthermore, physisorption via BET analysis revealed that incorporating VFLG provided a wider distribution of mesopores and increased pore diameter and pore volume by 128.7% and 656.3%, respectively, compared to sole LiFePO4. These significant improvements were related to the flexibility and ability of a thin layer of VFLG to limit the growth of LiFePO4 particles. This approach offers a promising strategy to enhance the thermal stability and surface properties of lithium-ion battery cathodes.
Ionic liquid ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) for duck feather keratin and in silico evaluation as a potential procollagen n-endopeptidase inhibitor Sianita, Maria Monica; Kusumawati, Nita; Asri, Mahanani Tri; Dzulkarnain, Shod Abdurrachman; Al Hafidl, Achmad Naufal; Kahfi, Ashabul; Nabila, Mutiara Azfa; Setiawan, Ferdiansyah; Isyrak, Luthfiyah; Rahmawati, Khofifatul
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1669

Abstract

This research aims to optimize keratin extraction from duck feathers using an eco-friendly ionic liquid-ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) method and evaluate its potential applications in tissue engineering. It investigated the effects of deposition pH (1-6), ultrasonication temperature (40-60°C), and time (60-180 min) on extraction yield and physicochemical properties. The results demonstrated the optimal extraction conditions at pH 3, 40°C, and 60 minutes, yielding 82% keratin with a 0.50 mg/mL concentration, while the lowest yield production was found at pH 6 (33%, 0.20 mg/mL). Meanwhile, characterization via FTIR confirmed predominant ?-sheet structures with characteristic peaks at 3250-3300 cm?¹ (N-H/O-H stretching) and 1700-1500 cm?¹ (C=O stretching). SDS-PAGE revealed pure keratin bands (10-15 kDa), while SEM showed layered, porous morphology suitable for biomaterial applications. Thermogravimetric analysis, furthermore, identified three degradation stages occurred at 0-200°C (3.05% loss), 200-400°C (39.37% loss), and 400-700°C (31.13% loss). Amino acid profiling revealed high L-cystine content (153,064.90-156,926.33 mg/kg) with the significant amounts of glycine (63,958.25-64,064.73 mg/kg), L-proline (77,631.16-77,717.42 mg/kg), and L-leucine (59,111.43-59,198.60 mg/kg). In silico molecular docking studies identified leucine as a promising procollagen N-endopeptidase inhibitor (binding energy -5.0 kcal/mol), which controlled the collagen-breaking and forming process. This ability makes keratin potential to be developed as a scaffold for bone tissue regeneration in medical industry.
Residue-free alkali-treated aluminum foil for water disinfection: A novel supernatant Mg(OH)2 fabrication method Ihsan, Taufiq; Novia, Fanny; Tetra, Olly Norita
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1673

Abstract

This study presents a novel approach to fabricate alkali-treated aluminum (ATA) foil for point-of-use (POU) water disinfection, addressing the residue issue associated with conventional production methods. Traditional ATA foil production leaves a residual layer that hinders practicality in use. To cope with it, a supernatant Mg(OH)2 solution was employed, resulting in residue-free ATA foil. Two variants, conventional ATA foil (ATA foil-1) and supernatant-treated ATA foil (ATA foil-2), were fabricated and analyzed. Surface characterization revealed that ATA foil-2 had a smoother surface with fewer cracks while maintaining E. coli removal efficiency and methyl orange adsorption capacity similar as ATA foil-1. Maximum E. coli adsorption capacities were found at 572,967 CFU/cm2 for ATA foil-1 and 561,513 CFU/cm2 for ATA foil-2. Both foils achieved over 84% methyl orange removal, indicating adsorption as the primary removal mechanism. The findings demonstrated that the supernatant Mg(OH)2 method successfully produced residue-free ATA foil with comparable disinfection performance, thus eliminating the need for a washing step and enhancing its suitability for point-of-use water treatment applications.
Effect of CaO nanocatalyst on bio-oil production from algae and date seeds via microwave-assisted co-pyrolysis Al Dulaimi, Mustafa; Al Oqaili, Firas; Al-anssari, Sarmad; Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.; Hamzah, Husam Talib; Sridevi, Veluru; Abdullah, Thamer Adnan; Abdullah, Oday
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1675

Abstract

One of the most effective ways of managing solid waste is microwave-assisted pyrolysis. This research used MW-assisted catalytic co-pyrolysis to extract essential oils from algae powder (AP) and date seed (DS). Graphite and a CaO nanocatalyst were utilized. As for the feedstock, it was a 1:1 mixture of AP and DS. The char content, oil production, and gas generation of co-pyrolysis yields varied between 18.8 wt% and 24.31 wt%, 43.08 wt%, and 55.295 wt%, and 25.905% to 32.60 wt%, respectively. The effect of the CaO nanocatalyst on product yields, feedstock conversion, and heating rates was analyzed. Product yields, average heating rates, and conversion factors were among the metrics studied to determine the synergistic effects and pyrolysis index, which represent the effect of materials composition when mixed to improve the thermal decomposition products and the efficiency of the process. More oil and char were produced due to the synergy that occurred during co-pyrolysis. The bio-oil obtained from algae powder (AP) co-pyrolysis and date seed (DS) was analyzed using GC-MS. The catalyst allowed for the synthesis of aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, amides, and alkenes by co-pyrolysis synergy. The significance of this work lies in its demonstration of an efficient and sustainable method for converting algae and date seeds into valuable bio-oil using catalytic microwave-assisted pyrolysis, highlighting the increased yield, product quality, and process efficiency through synergistic interactions.
Investigation of DNMT-mediated DNA methylation and its role in adipogenesis and breast cancer Mallya, Sandeep; Bhat, Sharath Mohan; Naie , Sachin; Kulkarni , Sumati; Joshi, Manjunath B; Kabekkodu, Shama Prasada; Chakrabarty, Sanjiban
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1678

Abstract

DNA methylation, which is mediated by DNMTs, plays crucial roles in regulating gene expression and cell differentiation. In this study, we identified adipogenesis-related genes and analyzed their coexpression with DNMT isoforms in breast cancer samples from the TCGA dataset. Our findings revealed that 114 genes were coexpressed with DNMTs, among which six genes, GATA3, IRS1, LPIN1, ME3, SREBF1, and STAT1, were significantly negatively correlated with methylation and expression levels, as determined using Spearman correlation with false discovery rate correction to account for multiple testing. The differential expression patterns of these genes across breast cancer subtypes and their associations with survival outcomes were examined. Specifically, ME3 and STAT1 showed distinct associations with survival outcomes, where high ME3 expression correlated with significantly better survival rates, whereas low STAT1 expression was associated with improved prognosis. ME3 expression was significantly elevated in tumors with high adipocyte enrichment, particularly in the luminal B subtype, suggesting a subtype-specific relationship between adipogenesis and tumor behavior. Conversely, STAT1 exhibited lower expression in samples with high adipocyte counts, reinforcing its role in the tumor microenvironment. These results underscore the importance of DNMT-mediated DNA methylation in adipogenesis and breast cancer.
Peat water electrocoagulator design with aluminium electrodes in household scale for cleaning water supply Hadary, Ferry; Rezeki, Sri; Hansen; Dewi, Sri Utari Shinta; Alana, Darul Giring; Anindito, Adith; Yulianto, Supi; Gumilar, Desisius; Putri, Lisa Astridni
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1694

Abstract

The peat water studied contained colour, turbidity, organic substances, and iron that were sufficient to be analysed for the use of electrocoagulation. The aluminium electrodes were contacted with peat water by varying electrode plates, sedimentation time, electrolyte concentration, stirring speed, and contact time to produce clean water. The results showed that the electrocoagulator with the 3 pairs of electrode plates, 60-minute sedimentation time, 75 g NaCl electrolyte concentration, stirring speed at 75 rpm, and 60-minute electrocoagulation time was the most optimal variation. The results showed that the electrocoagulation method was able to reduce the pollutant levels in peat water. The results of this treatment also met the standards of the Ministry of Health and based on the calculation of cost incurred by the electrocoagulation method, i.e. $ 0.154/day, $ 4.641/month and $ 55.693/year.
Melanoidin degradation and electric energy production from palm oil waste using immobilized laccase-producing bacteria Palasai, Wasan; Rothjanawan, Kronsirinut; Kongthong, Alisa; Yodrach, Rachchanon; Thipraksa, Junjira; Chaijak, Pimprapa
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1700

Abstract

Melanoidin is a high molecular weight pigment that is problematic in agricultural wastewaters like palm oil mill effluent (POME). This study presents a novel approach combining a laccase-producing bacterial consortium primarily Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, immobilized on hydrothermally modified granular activated carbon (GAC) for efficient melanoidin degradation and simultaneous electricity generation in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). The hydrothermal modification of GAC enhanced bacterial immobilization and electron transfer, contributing to improved biodegradation performance. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified a number of key degradation metabolites including silanediol, dimethyl; (1-methylethyl)benzene; limonene; and butylated hydroxytoluene, confirming an effective melanoidin breakdown. The system achieved 81.36 ± 1.07% melanoidin removal with electrochemical characterization that showed a maximum current density of 61.50 ± 1.98 mA/m² and power density of 1.51 ± 0.10 mW/m². These findings demonstrated the synergistic effect of hydrothermally modified GAC and the selected bacterial consortium offering a sustainable and innovative strategy for treating melanoidin-rich wastewater while recovering bioenergy.
Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L) wood for preparation of high quality extract Djaeni, Moh; Budi Sasongko, Setia; Yuni Susanti, Devi; Mahatmanti, F Widhi; Cahyo Kumoro, Andri; Kurniasari, Laeli
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1710

Abstract

This study optimized the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) using Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology (CCD-RSM) and investigated its kinetics. Temperature, solvent-to-solid ratio, and extraction time were selected as independent variables with extract yield as the response. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that the solvent-to-solid ratio significantly affected yield. Optimal extraction conditions were 69.9°C, 29.9 mL/g, and 20.2 min, producing approximately yield of 0,293 mg GAE/g sample. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) confirmed the presence of brazilin, while Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) analysis indicated the retention of functional groups. UAE was shown to enhance extraction efficiency and preserve phenolic compounds. Additionally, the extraction process was modeled, resulting in a validated effective diffusivity (De) of 1.8 × 10?? cm²/s, The kinetic study was useful in industrial application especially to determine appropriate extraction time.

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