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Jurna lAntropologi Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 1693167X     EISSN : 16936086     DOI : 10.7454
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
ANTROPOLOGI INDONESIA was published to develop and enrich scientific discussion for scholars who put interest on socio-cultural issues in Indonesia. These journals apply peer-reviewed process in selecting high quality article. Editors welcome theoretical or research based article submission. Author’s argument doesn’t need to be in line with editors. The criteria of the submitted article covers the following types of article: first, the article presents the results of an ethnographic/qualitative research in certain topic and is related with ethnic/social groups in Indonesia; second, the article is an elaborated discussion of applied and collaborative research with strong engagement between the author and the collaborator’s subject in implementing intervention program or any other development initiative that put emphasizes on social, political, and cultural issues; third, a theoretical writing that elaborates social and cultural theory linked with the theoretical discourse of anthropology, especially in Indonesia anthropology; last, the article is a critical review of anthropological reference and other ethnography books that must be published at least in the last 3 years.
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Articles 579 Documents
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Antropologi di Persimpangan Jalan: Refleksi dari Pemahaman akan Tindakan Kaum Muda Irwan Abdullah
Antropologi Indonesia No 54 (1997): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

Irwan Abdullah presents his argument that the concept of deviant is no longer relevant to the analysis of the activities of young people's. An effort to understand their activities as a subordinate expression of the culture domination is appropriate. Perceiving their activities as deviant cannot be understood with Geertz's cultural concepts. He said that culture is shared values. Young people have their own way in understanding the meaning of life. Their values are not merely inherited from older generation, but the products of the reinterpretation process. The author further argues that in today's social transformation process and media becomes the great agent in disseminates a new life style. This changes is determinant in the formation process of the young people chooses.
Masalah Batas-batas Bangsa Usman Pelly
Antropologi Indonesia No 54 (1997): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

In the first part of this article, the author presents theories about the concept of nation which has been developed since the early 20th century. By presenting these theories the author aims to reveal the ambiguities of the concept of nation that has been developed by various scholars. The explanation focuses only on certain group in the society, whereas the subject contains psychological and emotional values which are difficult to be examined objectively. Another problem is the construction of the concept of nation based on more than one discourse. The author describes further the explanation of the concept of nation from the anthropological viewpoints. Malinowski relates the concept of nation to the existence of ethnic groups. Leach and Barth revise Malinowski's concept in their discussion about ethnic boundaries. Within the political and historical discourses, the concept of nation relates to the objective and subjective relations with the state as developed by Mill and Renan. In the post Second World War, the concept of nation is associated with the emergence of nation-states, the presence of social awareness of colonialism and set upon many ethnic groups as stated by Anderson. At the end, the author depicts the problem faced by the Indonesian in their efforts to maintain the existence of their nation-state and provides alternatives to solve the problem.
Kesukubangsaan dan Primordialitas: Program Ayam di Desa Mwapi, Timika, Irian Jaya Parsudi Suparlan
Antropologi Indonesia No 54 (1997): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

In this article, Suparlan uses both concepts of ethnicity and primordialism in explaining the failure of Poultry Farming Assistance Program carried out by the local office of the general of Animal Housebandry in Mwapi Villlage, Irian Jaya. Among the Komoro's who live in this village are divided into two clans: Muare and Pigapu. Their culture is called Ndaitita which mainly based on egalitarianism. They do not have a formal social stratification. Each person perceived as atomistic individual. Concepts of state and larger societies do not exist in Komoro's culture. Their social relations base on family and clan. When the head of Mwapi villages had task to coordinate the chicken program, he only recruited the persons from his clan: Muare. According to Suparlan, the heads start his ethnicities in forming make this group. But the programs started to ruin when the group had to work together. Komoro' peoples are very individualistic. So, the programs had failure. To cover up these problems, Chief starts his primordialism as the core beliefs.
Kepercayaan Orang Bali terhadap Leyak sebagai Penyebab Penyakit dan Penanggulangannya Nengah Bawa Atmadja
Antropologi Indonesia No 54 (1997): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

The Balinese believe that Leyak or ghost is an etiology of illness. To become a Leyak or to ngleyak, one must perform black magic or pangleyakan. The method of obtaining the pangleyakan is by studying under a dukun pangleyakan or dukun pangiwa, a special indigenous medical practitioner who masters the pangleyakan. A person can also obtain the pangleyakan from his/her parent. Moreover, he or she can request the pangleyakan to Goddess Durga, the goddess of black magic. When pangleyakan is used by somebody, he/she becomes a Leyak, and will have the ability to take the shape of a certain animal, a ghostly light, a body without a head - the varieties are endless. This can only be performed at night. A Leyak disturbs other people until they are sick or even die. Nevertheless, they believe that they can cope with the Leyak through the use of amulet or by performing the magical religious ritual.
Anthropology, Development and the Post -Modern Challenge Yunita T. Winarto
Antropologi Indonesia No 54 (1997): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

"... [...] Sesuai dengan judul buku, tidak hanya refleksi terhadap pembangunan itu sendiri yang menjadi fokus kajian, tetapi juga apa yang telah dilakukan oleh para ilmuwan antropologi dalam hubungannya dengan domain pembangunan tersebut. Inilah buku pertama sejak karya Lucy Mair (1984), Anthropology and Development, yang secara khusus dan komprehensif menyajikan dan mengulas sejarah perkembangan dari pelbagai pendapat, debat, tindakan dan permasalahan selama terjalinnya hubungan antara pelaku-pelaku pembangunan dan ilmuwan-ilmuwan antropologi sejak awal mula hingga masa kini. Termasuk di dalamnya kurun waktu selama dasa warsa terakhir, yakni suatu periode berlangsungnya refleksi diri yang intensif dikalangan ilmuwan antropologi dan ilmu-ilmu sosial yang lain. Inilah saat-saat berlangsungnya debat sekitar masalah pasca-modernisme (post-modernism) yang muncul pertama kali pada akhir tahun 1980an dan awal 1990an."
Indigenous and Scientific Knowledge: Some Critical Comments Arun Agrawal
Antropologi Indonesia No 55 (1998): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

Dalam artikel ini, penulis bertujuan untuk merangsang terjadinya debat tentang pengetahuan lokal (indigenous knowledge) bertitik tolak dari pendapatnya tentang adanya kontradiksi dan kelemahan-kelemahan konseptual dalam banyak tulisan tentang pengetahuan lokal. Pokok permasalahan yang dibahas dalam artikel ini terutama memfokus pada argumen penulis bahwa perbedaan antara pengetahuan lokal dan pengetahuan ilmiah atau Barat dapat menimbulkan masalah bagi mereka yang percaya atas makna penting dari pengetahuan lokal bagi pembangunan. Artikel ini mengkaji beberapa kontradiksi dan ironi yang terdapat dalam upaya memberikan penekanan pada makna penting pengetahuan lokal. Menurut penulis, pembedaan pengetahuan lokal dan pengetahuan Barat sebagai dua tipe pengetahuan merupakan hal yang tidak produktif dalam upaya melibatkan peranan pengetahuan lokal itu dalam pembangunan yang tangguh dan berkelanjutan. Penulis juga mengemukakan bahwa sebenarnya tidak ada sesuatu yang baru tentang retorika dan perwujudan pengetahuan lokal. Ia pun berpendapat bahwa strategi untuk menyusun arsip dan menyebarluaskan pengetahuan lokal itu juga bertentangan dengan konsep dasar dari pengetahuan lokal itu sendiri. Bagian akhir dari artikel ini secara tentantif menelusuri sejumlah kemungkinan dalam mencari jalan ke luar dari dilema ini. Di antaranya adalah melaksanakan preservasi pengetahuan lokal in situ. Upaya ini hanya akan berhasil bila penduduk setempat dapat memperoleh kontrol atas penggunaan lahan dan sumber-sumber daya alamnya.
Questions about Culture-related Considerations in Research on Cognition and Agro-Ecological Change: Illustrations from Studies of Agricultural Pests Management in Java Andrew Vayda; Indah Setyawati
Antropologi Indonesia No 55 (1998): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Bertolak dari pengalaman penulis dalam mengamati pelaksanaan program Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) di Jawa Tengah, penulis berargumentasi bahwa tingkah laku penduduk setempat dan pengetahuan yang melandasinya - yang dinilai relevan bagi suatu program pembangunan yang khusus atau suatu program aksi yang praktis - dapat merupakan hal yang bermanfaat untuk menjadi pokok kajian Antropologi. Dalam argumentasinya penulis menekankan bahwa tingkah laku dan pengetahuan itu dapat menjadi fokus kajian sekali pun tidak dikenali sebelumnya sebagai hal yang secara budaya dinilai tepat, secara sosial diterima atau, dalam cara-cara yang penting, dipengaruhi oleh model-model budaya yang spesifik tentang dunia yang melingkupinya. Dengan tetap menaruh perhatian pada pengaruh-pengaruh budaya, ahli-ahli antropologi dapat memberikan sumbangsihnya secara lebih baik pada program-program pembangunan seperti program Pengendalian Hama Terpadu, bila mereka tidak terperangkap pada pertimbangan-pertimbangan yang dibatasi hanya pada hal-hal yang terkait erat dengan budaya dalam menentukan pokok kajian. Sebaliknya, mereka dapat mencurahkan perhatiannya untuk secara seksama mengamati situasi-situasi khusus dalam upaya menelusuri faktor-faktor apa saja, baik faktor-faktor budaya atau lainnya, yang beroperasi sebagai faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada pengetahuan dan tingkah laku penduduk setempat yang relevan.
‘Hama dan Musuh Alami’, ‘Obat dan Racun’: Dinamika Pengetahuan Petani Padi dalam Pengendalian Hama Yunita T. Winarto
Antropologi Indonesia No 55 (1998): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

This article presents the author's examination of the dynamic aspects of farmers' knowledge on pest management strategies among rice farmers on the north coast of West Java. In detail, the author takes into account the differences in farmers' reception and learning process in the context of different modes of transmission: 1) the transferral of technology in the Green Revolution programme; and 2) the transmission of knowledge through the Integrated Pest Management Farmers Field Schools. In both settings, metaphor and analogy played a significant role in knowledge acquisition and transmission. Farmers' existing schemes or models of interpretation, or what is called as 'simplified world' of areas of particular experiences dominately underlying farmers' interpretation of the new transmitted ideas and concepts. In the transferral of technology, without the transmission of the related schemes, farmers' interpretations led to undesirable consequences resulting from the misleading and misused metaphors, e.g. 'medicine' for pesticide. On the other hand, knowledge transmission of the integrated pest management not only shifted the existing paradigm of pesticide use, but also enriched farmers' own knowledge through the improved ways of learning in the context of a continuous pest outbreak and economic constraints.
Menanam Padi: Kajian Pengambilan Keputusan Petani dalam Menentukan Varietas Padi Semiarto Aji Purwanto
Antropologi Indonesia No 55 (1998): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Abstract

Rice farmers in Sidamukti, West Java plant several varieties of rice, sometimes planting twoor three varieties together in one plot of land. The decision to plant a specific variety is strongly influenced by farmers' agricultural knowledge, such as knowledge of varieties of rice, periods of maturation, tastes, characteristic of specific varieties, as well as knowledge of environmental conditions, including soil conditions, the need of fertilizer and seasonal changes. The author suggest that this knowledge, as a basis for decision making is at a pre-attentive stage that has become patterned, and its nearly or perhaps entirely out of conscious consideration. In fact, external situational factors operating at the start of planting play a dominant role in the decision to plant a specific variety of rice. A multitude of factors - such as pressure from village authorities to plant certain varieties in keeping with development programs; to supply of grain, fertilizers and water for irrigation; the desire to experiment, and the demands of landowners - often become significant determinants. The author arrives at the conclusion that studies of decision making processes that view knowledge systems as recipes or patterns for behavior must be supplemented by close observation and understanding the context and situation in which behavior is generated.
Rice as Symbolic Capital: Knowledge, Practice and the Struggle for Social Recognition in an Indonesian Transmigration Site Nils Bubandt
Antropologi Indonesia No 55 (1998): Jurnal Antropologi Indonesia
Publisher : Department of Anthropology

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Dengan menggunakan konsep Pierre Bourdieu mengenai 'modal simbolis' (symbolic capital), tulisan ini mengkaji perubahan pertanian di salah satu pemukiman transmigrasi di Pulau Halmahera, Maluku Utara. Pada musim kemarau panjang tahun 1997 para transmigran dari Desa Bicoli di Halmahera Tengah mulai menanam padi untuk pertama kali. Merekalah kelompok transmigran satu-satunya di antara kelompok-kelompok transmigran lokal di daerah transmigrasi yang dibuka tahun 1992 itu yang bercocok tanam padi. Latar belakang sejarah dan sosial orang Bicoli sebelum memasuki daerah transmigran diacu oleh penulis untuk memperlihatkan faktor-faktor yang mendorong orang Bicoli mengadopsi pengetahuan pertanian dari transmigran asal yang lebih awal bermukim di wilayah ini. Orang Bicoli yang bertransmigrasi ke Halmahera merupakan keturunan kelompok sosial dengan kedudukan terendah dalam masyarakat Halmahera Tengah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji adopsi pengetahuan bercocok tanam padi itu sebagai strategi untuk memperoleh modal simbolis (symbolic capital) dan pengakuan sosial (social recognition) sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh Pierre Bourdieu. Dalam uraian ini, penulis mengemukakan argumentasinya bahwa pengetahuan (knowledge) tidak dapat dipisahkan dari isu-isu kekuasaansosial (social power), praktek (practice) serta perebutan yang konstan untuk memperoleh modal simbolis (the struggle for symbolic capital)

Page 11 of 58 | Total Record : 579

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