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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 08537291 EISSN : 24067598 DOI : -

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Earth & Planetary Sciences

ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.

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Amino Acid Absorption by Tiger Grouper Fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) Larvae. (Absorbsi Asam Amino oleh Larva Ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)) Ambariyanto Ambariyanto; Ali Djunaedi; Nur Taufiq S.P.J.; Pribadi Rudhi; Pringgenies Delianis
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 18, No 4 (2013): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Ikan Kerapu merupakan salah satu ikan unggulan yang ditargetkan sebagai komoditi eksport Indonesia. Usaha budidayanya saat ini sangat terganggu dengan tingginya mortalitas pada stadia larva. Usaha untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan obat seperti antibiotik yang ternyata tidak membuahkan hasil maksimal tetapi justru menimbulkan resistensi beberapa jenis bakteria. Salah satu aspek yang belum pernah dilihat dalam rangka mengatasi masalah ini adalah dengan mengusahakan percepatan pertumbuhan pada stadia larva sehingga akan lebih mampu menghindari dari beberapa penyebab mortalitas. Salah satu sumber energi yang terdapat dalam perairan namun dalam jumlah yang tidak besar adalah dissolved organic matter (DOM). Penelitian ini ditekankan untuk melihat kemampuan larva ikan Kerapu dalam memanfaatkan DOM (digunakan asam amino terlarut ;ATT) yang terdapat di air laut. Sebanyak 16 (enam belas) jenis asam amino yang terdiri dari tiga klas yakni neutral, basic, dan acidic digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sedangkan larva ikan Kerapu yang digunakan berumur 2 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larva ikan Kerapu menyerap seluruh jenis asam amino baik neutral, basic, dan acidic. Namun jenis asam amino yang diserap adalah glutamat, histidin, lisin, serin, metionin, tritopan dan iso leusin. Sedangkan yang paling banyak diserap oleh larva ikan ini adalah lisin. Hal yang menarik dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat beberapa jenis asam amino yang diduga justru dikeluarkan oleh larva ikan tersebut yakni glysin, alanin, tyrosin, valin, phenil alanin dan leusin. Penyerapan beberapa jenis asam amino ini diduga dimanfaatkan oleh larva ikan Kerapu dalam proses pertumbuhannya. Kata kunci : asam amino terlarut, larva, Kerapu Macan, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Kerapu (grouper fish) is known as an important and highly economic value fish and a good candidate for major export commodity for Indonesia. However, there is an important problem faced by its cultivation i.e. high mortality rate at larva stage. Many different efforts have been done to overcome this problem mainly by using drugs and antibiotics, which have caused another problem i.e. bacteria resitance. One aspect that has not been widely investigated is by increasing its growth rate so that the larvae will have the ability to avoid mortality, such as by utilising dissolved organic matter (DOM) which naturally occur in the environment. This research investigates the question whether Kerapu fish larvae have the ability to absorb DOM (in this case disolved free amino acids; DAA) as well as the preference and the rate of absorbsion. There were 16 species of DAA used in this experiment which consist of three classes i.e. neutral, basic, and acidic. Two days old larvae were used in the experimant. The results showed that Kerapu larvae absorbed all classes of amino acids, although not all amino acids given being absorbed but only glutamine, histidine, lysin, serine, triptophan, metionine and iso leusine. While the most absorbed amino acids was lysine. One interesting results showed that the larvae secrete several amino acids i.e. glysine, alanine, tyrosine, valine, phenil alanine and leusine. The absorbsion and secretion of amino acids were possibly related to its metabolic processes within the larvae in relation to growth processes. Keywords: dissolved free amino acids, DAA, larvae, Kerapu, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus

Kandungan Merkuri dan Sianida pada Ikan yang Tertangkap dari Teluk Kao, Halmahera Utara Domu Simbolon; Silvanus Maxwel Simange; Sri Yulina Wulandari
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 15, No 3 (2010): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Aktivitas penambangan emas di sekitar Teluk Kao berdampak positif terhadap pendapatan daerah Kabupaten Halmahera Utara. Namun, penggunaan merkuri (Hg) dan sianida (CN) dalam proses ekstraksi emas dapat menimbulkan pencemaran perairan, keracunan dan kematian terhadap sumberdaya ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan merkuri dan sianida pada tubuh ikan, dan menentukan tingkat kelayakan konsumsi ikan yang tertangkap dari Teluk Kao. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari bulan Maret-Juni 2010 di sekitar muara sungai tempat pembuangan limbah perusahaan penambangan emas Tanjung Taolas dan Akesone, di Teluk Kao. Sampel ikan yang diteliti adalah kakap merah, belanak, ikan biji nangka, dan udang. Analisis kandungan Hg dan CN pada tubuh ikan dilakukan di Laboratorium Produktivitas dan Lingkungan Perairan Institut Pertanian Bogor dengan menggunakan metode Atomic Absoption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan Hg pada organ hati dari keempat jenis ikan sampel berkisar 0,13-0,51 ppm. Kandungan Hg pada organ hati lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan organ daging yang berkisar 0,03-0,19 ppm. Kandungan Hg tertinggi pada hati ikan ditemukan pada ikan biji nangka (0,45-0,51). Kandungan CN pada organ hati lebih tinggi (6,0-18,0 ppm) dibanding dengan organ daging (4,2-8,5 ppm). Mengacu pada standar yang ditetapkan oleh WHO, maka ikan kakap merah dan belanak tidak layak dikonsumsi. Daging ikan biji nangka dan udang masih layak dikonsumsi maksimal 300 gram/hari. Kata kunci: merkuri, sianida, ikan konsumsi, Teluk Kao. Gold mining activities around the Kao Bay have a positive impact on regional income of North Halmahera. However, the use of mercury (Hg) and cyanide (CN) in the gold extraction process can cause water pollution, poisoning and death of fish resources. This study aims to determine the content of mercury and cyanide on the fish body, and determine the feasibility level of consumption of fish caught from the Kao Bay. This research used survey method. Data were collected from March-June 2010 near waste disposal around the estuary of the river of gold mining companies in Tanjung Taolas and Akesone, Kao Bay. Samples of fish were observed are red snapper, mullet, jack fruit fish, and shrimp. Analysis of the Hg and CN content in fish body was conducted in Productivity and Environmental Waters Laboratory, Bogor Agricultural University using Absoption Atomic Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. The content of Hg in four species of fish liver samples ranged from 0.13 to 0.51 ppm. The content of Hg in liver was higher than with the organ meats that range from 0.03 to 0.19 ppm. The highest Hg content in fish liver found in jackfruit fish (0.45 to 0.51). CN content of the liver was higher (6.0 to 18.0 ppm) compared with muscle (4.2 to 8.5 ppm). Referring to the standards by WHO, the red snapper and mullet inedible (can not eat for consumption). Jackfruit fish and shrimp still worth consumed for a maximum of 300 grams / day. Key words: mercury, cyanide, fish consumption, Kao Bay.

Parasit Ikan Kepe Kepe Garis (Shaetodon octotesciatus) dari Pantai Jepara Desrina Desrina
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 7, No 1 (2002): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Informasi sebaran geografis parasit ikan hias laut di Indonesia sangat dibutuhkan untuk membuat peraturan tentang Ialulintas ikan dan penanganan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis parasit, prevelensi dan intensitas parasit ikan kepe kepe garis (Chaetodon octofasciatus) dari pantai Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Jumlah ikan yang diperiksa adalah 60 ekor. Ikan diperoleh dari nelayan desa Bandengan, Jepara. Pemeriksaan ikan dilakukan di Laboratorium Pengembangan Wilayah Pantai (LPWP) Fakultas Perikanan. dan Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro di Jepara, selama Mei - Agustus 200I. lkan diperiksa dalam keadaan seger. Pengamatan ektoparasit dilakukan pada lamella insang, preparet ules lendir tubuh, dan sirip. Pemeriksaan endoparasit ikan dilakukan melalui pengamatan organ-organ dalam yang terlebih dahulu dibedah, dan kemudian diletakkan dalam petridish yang berisi air laut. Gejala klinis yang terlihat dicatat dan parasit yang ditemui diidentifikasi pada waktu segar dan setelah diawetkan. Prevalensi dan intensitas parasit juga dihitung. Parasit yang ditemukan terdiri atas tiga spesies ektoperasit yaitu Cryptocaryon irritans, Ergasilus, dan Actinocleidus sp.. Endoparasit yang ditemukan adalah Lecithocirium neopacificum dan Ichthyophonus hoferi. Prevalensi infestasi secara umum termasuk tinggi yaitu 78% akan tetapi prevalensi setiap spesies rendah sampai sedang , berkisar 6,67-40% dan intensitas parasit rendah yaitu 0,92- 25,32 individu. Kata kunci: parasit, ikan Kepe-Kepe. jepara Data of geographical distribution of parasites of marine ornamentel fish in lndonesia is needed to construct regulation offish transportation. The purposes of this study were to determine parasites, prevalence and intensity of parasites of emperor butterfly fish (Chaetodon octofasciatus) from Jepara Coast. A total of 60 fresh fish were examined from May to August 2001. Fish were obtained from fishermen at Bandengan village Jepara and examined at the Coastal Development Laboratory (LPWP). Jepara. Ectoparasitic examination was carried out by examining gill lamellae, smear from the skin and fins. Fish was then necropsied. Each organ was placed in a petridish containing sea water and sliced. Parasites found were examined using a compound microscope. Any clinical signs was also noted. Parasites were identified alive as well as the preserved one. Prevalence and intensity of parasites were calculated. Parasites found consisted of three species of ectoparasites namely Cryptocaryon irritans, Ergasilus sp. and Actinocleidus sp. Endoparasites found were Lecithocirium neopacificum and Ichthyophonus hoferi, 78% of fish examined were infected which was relatively high. However, prevalence of each parasite species was ranged from low to moderate (6.67-40%) and intensity were fairly low (0 92-25.32 individu).Keywords: parasite, emperor butterfly fish, Jepara

Efek Berbagai Medium Isosmotik ferhadap Aktivitas Enzim Ca-Chorionase, Energetika dan Keefektipan Penetasan Telur Udang Jahe (Metapenaeus elegans) Sutrisno Anggoro; Muryati Muryati
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 12, No 4 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Suatu percobaan telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh berbagai medium isosmotik terhadap aktivitas enzim Ca-chorionase, efisiensi energetik dan keefektipan penetasan telur udang jane (Metapenaeus elegans). Percobaan dirancang dengan pola acak lengkap mengaplikasikan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicobakan terdiri dari 4 (empat) tingkat medium isosmotik (salinitas media inkubasi). yaitu: 16 ppt (isosmotik postmolt), 22 ppt (isosmotik intermolt), 28 ppt (isosmotik molt), dan 34 ppt (isosmotik premolt). Respon Ca-corionase, efisiensi energetik dan keefektipan tetas dianalisis dengan uji kontras polinom ortogonal. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa salinitas media inkubasi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap aktivitas enzim Ca-chorionase, efisiensi energetik dan keefektipan penetasan telur udang jahe. Responnya berpola kuadratik dengan tingkat optimum berada pada 25-26 ppt (mendekati rentang isosmotik Intermolt-Molt). Media tersebut mampu menghasilkan efisiensi terbaik bagi aktifitas enzim Ca-chorinase serta energetika dan keefektipan penetasan telur udang jahe.Kata kunci: media isosmotik, Ca-chorinase, energetik, keefektipan penetasan, telur udang jahe. A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the respons of Ca-chorionase enzyme activity, energetic efficiency and hatching effectiveness of Ginger Shrimp Eggs incubated under different isosmotic-salinities medium (16, 22, 28 and 34 ppt equal to 466.91, 642.00, 817.10 and 992.19 mOsm/L H20: isosmotic level of postmolt, intermolt and premolt). The research were used completely randomized design with 4 isosmotic-salinities medium treatments and 3 replications. Respons of Ca-chorionase, energetic efficiency and hatching effectiveness were analyzed with polynom orthogonal contrast test. Isosmotic medium highly affected the Ca-chorionase enzyme activity, energetic efficiency and hatching effectiveness of Ginger Shrimp eggs. The respons sowed a quadratic pattern, and the optimum interval salinity were 25-26 ppt (isosmotic range of intermolt and molt). This medium resulted not only more efficient Ca-chorionase enzyme activity but also more energetic and hatching effectiveness of Ginger Shrimp Eggs. Key words : isosmotic medium, Ca-chorionase, energetic, hatching, Ginger Shrimp Eggs

Shell Injuries in Two Intertidal Gastropods Littorina scabra (Linnaeus, 1758) and Thais bufo (Lamarck, 1845) From Tranquebar, Southeast Coast of India Kaila Kesavan; Velayudham Ravi; Santhanam Rajagopal
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 14, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Littorina scabra and Thais bufo were collected from the rocky shore of Tranquebar and the shell injury due to predation or wave action was estimated in both male and female snails. In both the cases, the results show that the shell injury is not depending on shell size but mainly on their exposure to continuous wave action. The physical damage caused to them due to the rolling of small rocks, boulders and the risk ofpredation was mainly from crabs and birds. 'n the present study a survey has been made to estimate the percentage ofsheil injury in male and female snails and different size groups of the above two different species. Obviously there is a relationship between crabs, stones md shell damage. In L scabra the shell damage in male and female was 47.18% and 41.1% and the size group m 16.10 mm to 18.10 mm is dominant with 28.44% of shell injury. Whereas in T. bufo it was 50.81% in male and 44.44% in female and the size group of 40.01 mm to 48.10 mm is dominant with 21.22% ofsheil injury respectively. The male and female of both the species for the length and width ofsheil damage were positively correlated. Anova for within the species in shell damage in L. scabra didn't show variation but forT. bufo it showed variation. Anova for between the species showed significant variation. Among these the female in L. scabra and male in T. bufo showed a maximum injury .This may be able to asses the threat to organisms and shows the level ofpredation and the damage caused by environmental factors. Key words : Tranquebar, gastropods, predation, shell injury, rocky shore

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria That Produce Protease and Bacteriocin-Like Substance From Mud Crab (Scylla sp.) Digestive Tract (Isolasi Bakteri Asam Laktat yang Menghasilkan Protease dan Senyawa Bacteriocin-Like dari Saluran Pencernaan Kepiting Heru Pramono; Pipin Suciati; Sapto Andriyono
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 20, No 1 (2015): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Saluran pencernaan merupakan lingkungan kompleks yang terdiri atas berbagai spesies bakteri. Saluran pencernaan biota perairan terdiri atas bakteri aerob dan anaerob yang mampu memproduksi senyawa antibakteri dan enzim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi bakteri asam laktat yang menghasilkan protease dan senyawa bakteriosin-like dari saluran pencernaan kepiting bakau. Isolasi dan karakterisasi isolat dilakukan menggunakan media MRS. Supernatan netral bebas sel isolat telah diuji dengan menggunakan disc difusi agar terhadap bakteri patogen dan pembusuk. Uji produksi enzim protease telah diuji dengan metode disc diffusion agar menggunakan media kasein agar. Di antara seratus isolat, terdapat 96 isolat menunjukkan zona bening di MRS + CaCO3,, katalase negatif, dan bakteri Gram positif. Tiga puluh empat isolat bakteri asam laktat menghasilkkan protease dan hanya empat isolat (yaitu IKP29, IKP30, IKP52, dan IKP94) menunjukkan penghambatan yang kuat terhadap bakteri patogen dan pembusuk. Terdapat tiga pola inhibisi dari keempat isolate terhadap Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli, dan Salmonella sp. Empat isolat tersebut berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai starter pada produksi fermentasi produk hasil perikanan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pertama terkait isolasi bakteri asam laktat yang menghasilkan protease dan bakteriosin dari saluran pencernaan dari kepiting bakau.Kata kunci: Bakteri Asam Laktat, Bakteriosin-like substance, Protease, Scylla sp. Digestive tract is complex environment consist of large amount of bacteria’s species. Fish intestine bacteria consist of aerobic or facultative anaerob bacteria which can produce antibacterial and enzym. The objectives of this research were to isolated lactic acid bacteria that produce bacteriocin-like and protease from mud crab digestive tract. Isolation and characterization of isolates were conducted employing media MRS. Neutralized cell free supernatant of isolates were tested using disc diffusion agar of against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria to indicate bacteriocin-like-producing lactic acid bacteria. Protease-producing isolate was tested using disc diffusion method in casein agar. Among a hundred isolates, 96 isolates were showed clear zone in MRS+CaCO3,, catalase negative, and Gram positive bacteria. Thirty four isolates produced protease and only four isolates (i.e. IKP29, IKP30, IKP52, and IKP94) showed strong inhibition against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. There were three patterns of inhibition among three isolates against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli, and Salmonella sp. All three isolates showed potential uses for produce starter culture for fishery product fermentation purpose. This is the first report of isolation lactic acid bacteria that produced protease and bacteriocin-like from digestive tract of mud crab. Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria, Bacteriocin-like substance, Protease, Scylla sp.

Pengaruh Salinitas yang Berbeda terhadap Morfologi, Ukuran dan Jumlah Sel, Pertumbuhan serta Rendemen Karaginan Kappaphycus alvarezii Apri Arisandi; Marsoedi Marsoedi; Happy Nursyam; Aida Sartimbul
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 16, No 3 (2011): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Curah hujan mempengaruhi salinitas air laut, yang pada gilirannya dapat menyebabkan rendahnya pertumbuhan Kappaphycus alvarezii. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan morfologi, ukuran dan jumlah sel, pertumbuhan serta rendemen karaginan K. alvarezii pada salinitas yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode kultur jaringan, selanjutnya thallus yang telah tumbuh diekstraksi karaginannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salinitas yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah sel K. alvarezii (p<0,05), tetapi tidak terhadap rata-rata pertumbuhan harian (p>0,05). Rendemen karaginan pada semua perlakuan salinitas relatif tinggi dan sesuai dengan persyaratan untuk ekspor. Kata kunci: salinitas, sel, pertumbuhan, karaginan, K. alvarezii Rainfall affects the salinity of sea water, which in turn can lead to the low growth of Kappaphycus alvarezii. This research aimed to determine changes in the morphology, size and number of cells, growth and carrageenan yield of K. alvarezii at different salinitity levels. The research was conducted using tissue culture method, furthermore, from the grown thallus then the carageenan was extracted. The results showed that different of salinity levels significantly influenced the number of cells K. alvarezii (p<0.05), but not against the average daily gain (p>0.05). The carrageenan yields at all salinity treatment were relatively high and eligible for export. Key words: salinity, cell, growth, carrageenan, K. alvarezii

Population Genetics and Phylogeography of Bigeye Tuna in Moluccas Seas, Indonesia Nebuchadnezzar Akbar; M. Irfan; Muhammad Aris
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 23, No 4 (2018): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

The bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) is a migratory fish which can be found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. This fish has a commercial value and has been exploited worldwide including in Indonesia. The exploitation might affect the genetic diversity and population structure. The fact that the population stock resource is abundant and following fishing activities are increasing, study on population genetic and phylogeography canbe used as information to determine the status of the fish population based on genetic data. The study was conducted to investigate population genetic, and phylogeography of bigeye tuna in the North Moluccas and South Mollucas Seas, Indonesia. A total of 60 tissue bigeye tuna samples were collected from two study sites. The samples were amplified using mitochondrial DNA control region. Within population genetic diversity was revealed of 0.985 and 1.00 in North Moluccas and in south Moluccas, respectively, while between populations was 0.989. The genetic distance within population of North Moluccas (0.029) and South Mollucas (0.24) was very low, and all population was 0.027. The genetic distance between population of North Mollucas and South Mollucas was 0.025, South Mollucas and all population was 0.023, and all population with Norht Mollucas was 0.027. The genetic distance of North Mollucas and Pacific Ocean was 0.029, South Mollucas and Pacific Ocean was 0.023, North Mollucas, South Mollucas and Indian Ocean was 0.32. The Fst value between populations (0.990) showed that the two populations were not genetically different. A similar result showed from the phylogenetic trees analysis which individual of bigeye tuna was randomly clustred between North Moluccas and South Mollucas population, indicating that they were genetically close and from the same population. The population bigeye tuna from the North Mollucas and the South Mollucas exhibits no apparent phylogeographic distribution.

Model Evaluasi Iklim Maritim Tropis Berbasis Sistem Inferensi Fuzzy Jaringan Saraf Adaptif Rachmat Gernowo; Denny N Sugianto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 9, No 2 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Telah dilakukan studi model prediksi iklim maritim tropis berdasarkan data curah hujan (khususnya Pantai Pulau Jawa) dengan model sistem Inferensi Fuzzy jaringan saraf adaptif ( ANFIS), untuk pengolahan data curah hujan dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun (tahun 1988 – 1998) sebagai data historis pada proses pembelajaran. Perangkat lunak yang dimanfaatkan antara lain ANFIS dari sistem fuzzy. Hasil yang diperoleh, dengan sistem fuzzy menunjukan jangkauan estimasi untuk seluruh daerah penelitian diperoleh sebesar 89,51 % untuk pengolahan dengan anfis. Variabilitas curah hujan, khususnya daerah pengamatan pantai pulau Jawa menunjukan pola curah hujan monsunal yaitu curah hujan tertinggi ada pada awal dan akhir pentad dan mulai menurunhingga pertengahan pentad.Kata kunci : Prediksi, Iklim maritim tropis, ANFISStudy of tropical maritim climate base rainfall-data prediction modeling has been done by using ANFIS model. As history data (Coastal of Java Island in particular) in learning process was taken from 10 years period (from 1988 to 1998). The ANFIS software was applied in the analysis. The ANFIS processing result show of estimation, with average estimation of the all experiment zone are 89,51 % by ANFIS processing. Rainfall variability of the ANFIS modeling processing with the special in Coastal of Java Island shows the monsoon rainfall pattern that reach top level at the first and final pentad and decrease until the middle pentad.Key words : Prediction, Tropical maritim climate, ANFIS.

Konsumsi Harian Copepoda terhadap Pakan Chlorella sp. pada Volume Media Kultivasi yang Berbeda Muhammad Zaenuri; Hadi Endrawati; Endang Kusdiyantini; Hermin Pancasakti Kusumaningrum
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsumsi harian copepoda terhadap Chlorella sp. pada volume media kultivasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari Mei hingga Oktober 2005 di Laboratorium Biologi Oseanografi UNDIP. Copepoda diambil per bulan dari bulan Mei hingga Oktober 2005 di Perairan Demak. Chlorella sp. digunakan sebagai pakan copepoda, berasal dari Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP) Jepara, dengan densitas 15.200 sel/mL. Kultivasi copepoda menggunakan 3 beker 2 L dengan densitas awal 100 ind./L dan 3 akuarium 20 L dengan densitas awal 1000 ind./L. Pengamatan konsumsi harian copepoda terhadap Chlorella sp. dilakukan per 3 jam dari pukul 06.00 sampai 18.00. Perioda kultivasi diulang per bulan selama 6 bulan. Parameter suhu, salinitas, DO dan pH diamati setiap hari. Konsumsi rata-rata copepoda terhadap Chlorella sp. menunjukkan 19,05- 140,47 sel/mL/jam pada media 2 L dan 10,69—102,06 sel/mL/jam pada media 20 L. Model konsumsi copepoda terhadap Chlorella sp. menunjukkan fluktuasi dengan puncak yang berbeda pada Mei-Juli 2005, namun mempunyai pola yang sama pada perioda Agustus-Oktober 2005.Kata kunci : Copepoda, Konsumsi Harian, Chlorella sp.The aim of the research is to know the daily consumption of the copepod on Chlorella sp. cultivated in the different volume of media. The research was conducted from May to October 2005 at Laboratory of BiologicalOceanography, Diponegoro University. Copepods were collected monthly from Demak waters. The copepod cultivations were done using 3 bekers of 2 L and 3 aquariums of 20 L. A stocking density of 100 ind./L ofcopepod for 2 l media and 1000 ind. / l of copepod for 20 l media were used as tests biota per period of cultivation. Chlorella sp. from Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP) Jepara were givento copepod with density of 15.200 cell/mL. The daily copepod consumption from 06.00–18.00 was observed at 3 hours intervals. The observations were replied monthly for six month. The temperature, salinity, DO and pH were measured daily. The average daily consumption of copepod on Chlorella sp. cultivated in 2 l anad 20 L media were 19,05–140,47 cell/mL and 10,69–102.,6 cell/ml, respectively. The daily consumption of copepod reveal a fluctuated model with differents peak of the consumption during the May – July 2005, while the one of the August – October 2005 show the same model.Key words : Copepods, Daily Consumption, Chlorella sp

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