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Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology

saintek
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 18584748 EISSN : 25490885 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education,

Education

SAINTEK PERIKANAN (p-ISSN: 1858-4748 dan e-ISSN: 2549-0885) adalah jurnal ilmiah perikanan yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Perikanan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Diponegoro. Jurnal ini diterbitkan 2 (dua) kali setahun (Februari dan Agustus).

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 492 Documents

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HISTOPATOLOGI INSANG, HATI DAN USUS IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus) DI KOTA KUPANG, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR (Gill, Liver and Gut’s Histopathology of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Kota Kupang, East West Nusa) Shobikhuliatul Jannah Juanda; Sri Imelda Edo
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 14, No 1 (2018): SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Peningkatan konsumsi ikan air tawar di Kota Kupang menstimulasi para pembudidaya ikan untuk berlomba-lomba meningkatkan produksi usahanya. Mengingat cara budidaya ikan yang dilakukan di Kota Kupang adalah dengan padat tebar tinggi dan tanpa pergantian air, maka dapat menyebabkan kualitas media air menjadi buruk karena adanya dekomposisi dari hasil sisa pakan sehingga memungkinkan perkembangbiakan mikroba patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran histopatologi pada organ insang, hati dan usus ikan lele di Kota Kupang. Ikan lele sebanyak 100 ekor yang diambil dari Pasar Oeba kemudian diukur berat dan panjang serta diamati kondisi morfologinya. Organ insang, hati dan usus diambil dan dilakukan fiksasi menggunakan larutan formalin 4%. Preparasi histopatologi dan analisisnya dilakukan di laboratorium. Spesimen diwarnai dengan menggunakan hematoxylin dan eosin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya abnormalitas dan kerusakan jaringan pada organ-organ tersebut. Abnormalitas yang terjadi adalah adanya sungut patah, sirip dada panjang sebelah, sirip perut besar sebelah, jumlah sirip dada dan perut hanya satu, ukuran hati kecil, hati terdapat bercak kuning, hati berumbai dan pucat. Kerusakan jaringan organ insang yang terjadi adalah telangeaktasis, nekrosis, edema, hiperplasia, perhimpitan lamela sekunder, fusi, hemoragi, kongesti dan jaringan yang lepas. Sedangkan pada hati adalah fibrosis, hemoragi, kongesti, terbentuknya vakuola-vakuola, adanya degerasi lemak, kumpulan makrofag yang ditandai dengan adanya MMC, hiperplasi, piknotik dan nekrosis. Dan pada usus adalah nekrosis, edema dan hemoragi. The enhancement of freshwater fish consumption in Kota Kupang has stimulated fish farmer to increase their production. The cultivation’s system of fish conducted in Kota Kupang is carried out with high density and whithout water circulation wich decreases water quality caused leftover feed decomposition so as that possible to pathogenic microbes breeding. The aim of this research was observe the description of gill, liver and gut’s histopathology of Catfish in Kota Kupang. One hundred Catfish was taken from Oeba Market which be measured the weight, length and observation of morphological condition. Gills, liver and gut was taken and fixatived with 4% of formalin. Histopathological preparation and their analysis was done in laboratory. The specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The result of this research showed abnormalities and tissue damage on the organs. The abnormalities showed the presence of flesh grows near the reproductive organ, the size of pectoral vins and ventral vins were not same, only one was pectoral vins and ventral vins, small liver, yellow liver, tassel-shaped and pale liver. The gill’s damage tissue was telangeaktasis, necrosis, edema, hyperplasia, coincide of secondary lamela, fussion, hemorage, congestion and lifting tissue. Liver’s damage was fibrosist, hemorage, congestion,vacuolas, fat degeneration, melano macrophages centre, hyperplasia, picnotic and necrosis. And for the gut’s damage was necrosis, edema and hemorage.hereas, R. mucronata, L. racemosa and S. caseolaris has strength relation with gastropoda T. palustris, N. planospira and M. puella.

KONDISI PENCEMARAN PERAIRAN SUNGAI BABON SEMARANG Mutofa Niti Suparjo
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 4, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Saintek Perikanan
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mutu kualitas perairan di Sungai Babon, Semarang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Bulan Agustus 2008 dengan lokasi pengambilan sampel di Sungai Babon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey. Analisis data hasil penelitian yang didukung dengan data tahunan dari BAPEDALDA Semarang dengan menggunakan metode Storet. Parameter kualitas air yang diukur selama penelitian (Kedalaman : 31-90 cm ; Kecerahan : 22-41 cm ; Kecepatan arus : 0,007-0,167 m/s ; Suhu air : 28,7-31oC ; pH : 7,1-8,7 ; Oksigen Terlarut : 5,5-6,5 mg/l ; salinitas 0-32‰ ) nilai tersebut menunjukkan dalam keadaan yang masih dapat ditoleransi untuk kehidupan organisme. Sedangkan untuk parameter (BOD5 : 6-70 mg/l ; COD : 30-295 mg/l ; H2S : 0,0022-0,0187 mg/l) menunjukkan bahwa nilai tersebut telah melampaui ambang batas baku mutu kelas II PP. No.82 tahun 2001 sehingga dapat mencemari lingkungan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penilaian mutu kualitas perairan di Sungai Babon, Semarang. Dari hasil analisis dengan menggunakan metode Storet menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air di stasiun 1 memiliki nilai -32, stasiun 2 memiliki nilai -38 dan stasiun 3 memilki nilai -38. Ketiga stasiun memiliki mutu kualitas perairan yang buruk karena memiliki nilai ≥31.Kata kunci : Mutu air, metode Storet, Sungai BabonABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine water quality of Babon river at Semarang city. This study conducted in August 2008 located in Babon river. Direct samples survey method was used in this study. Data analyzed by Storet method with complement of yearly data from BAPEDALDA Semarang. The result of the study shows that water condition was: depth 31-90 cm; clearly 22-41 cm; wave speed 0,007-0,167 m/s; water temperature 28,7-31oC; pH 7,1-8,7; Disolved Oxygen 5,5-6,5 mg/l and salinity 0-320-32‰. From the data we know that watery condition was tolerated enough for organism living. Parameter BOD5 7-66 mg/l, COD 35-276 mg/l and H2S 0,0022-0,0187 mg/l values shows respectively. Its mean the value was higher than the standart which is allowed of good environtmental according to PP No. 82 year 2001 and it is indicated that the value could wasting the watery environtmental area.In this research, it will be carried out an evaluation of water quality in Babon river, Semarang. The analysis result of water Babon used Storet method from Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). From the analysis result that use Storet method showed that water quality in stasiun 1had a value -32, stasiun 2 had a value -38 and stasiun 3 had a value -38. The three of stasiun had a bad water quality because had a value ≥31.Keyword : Water quality, Storet method, Babon river.

PENAMBAHAN ENZIM YANG BERBEDA PADA PENGOLAHAN KECAP IKAN DARI ISI RONGGA PERUT IKAN MANYUNG (The Addition of Different Enzymes to the Processing of Fish Sauce Made from the Viscera of Marine Catfish (Arius thalassinus) to the Product Quality) Ferika Kristianawati; Ratna Ibrahim; Laras Rianingsih
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 9, No 2 (2014): JURNAL SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Kecap ikan merupakan produk bahan makanan hasil olahan melalui proses fermentasi yang dibuat dari ikan maupun limbah ikan dan garam. Proses pengolahan kecap ikan secara tradisional memerlukan waktu yang lama dan kadar garam yang tinggi. Fermentasi kecap ikan dapat dipercepat dengan penambahan enzim proteolitik dan pengurangan kadar garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh penambahan enzim yang berbeda pada pengolahan kecap dari isi rongga perut ikan Manyung dengan penggunaan konsentrasi garam 20% selama fermentasi 45 hari terhadap mutu sensori dan kimiawi produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan jenis enzim yang berbeda (tripsin dan pepsin) dalam pengolahan kecap ikan dari isi rongga perut ikan Manyung menyebabkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap aktivitas enzim, warna, prosentase rendemen serta nilai hedonik produknya. Penggunaan enzim tripsin dan pepsin meningkatkan nilai aktivitas enzim, prosentase rendemen dan nilai hedonik produknya secara nyata, tetapi menurunkan nilai pH. Penambahan enzim tripsin 0.3% (b/b) pada pengolahan kecap ikan dari isi rongga perut ikan Manyung dengan lama fermentasi 45 hari menghasilkan produk kecap ikan dengan kriteria pH 5.48 (sudah memenuhi kriteria mutu kecap ikan komersial dari Thailand), aktivitas enzim (0.84 µmol ml-1), prosentase rendemen (48.54), warna produk kuning kecoklatan dan nilai hedonik 6.97 (disukai panelis). Kata kunci: Kecap ikan; isi rongga perut ikan manyung; tipsin; pepsin; mutu Fish sauce is a product made from fish or fish waste and salt processed by a fermentation method traditionally, processing of fish sauce requires a long time and high level of salt. Fermentation process of fish sauce can be accelerated by the addition of proteolityc enzymes and reduction in salt level. This research aims to determine the effect of using different types of enzymes in the processing of fish sauce made from viscera of Marine Catfish and salt concentration of 20% during 45 days fermentation to the sensory and chemical quality of the product. The results showed that using of different types of enzymes trypsin and pepsin with the concentration of 0.3% in the processing of fish sauce caused the yield, hedonic and enzyme activity values of the product increased significantly, but pH value was lower. The addition of trypsin enzyme of 0.3% (w/w) and 20% of salt in the processing of fish sauce made from viscera of Marine Catfish fermented for 45 days, produced the best product quality which had characteristic pH value of 5.48 that was meet the pH values offish sauce of SNI and TISI, enzyme activity value of 0.84 µmol ml-1, hedonic value of 6.97 (prefered by panelist), brownish-yellow in colour and yield of 48.54%. Key words: Fish sauce; viscera of marine catfish; trypsin; pepsin; quality

Zooxanthellae Life Model and Massalization Growth in the Artificial Environment Waters Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 6, No 1 (2010): Jurnal Saintek Perikanan
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Zooxanthellae are part of the phototropic dinoflagellates. This organism always live as symbiotically with several marine invertebrates. Relationship between zooxanthellae and coral are mutualistic with the transfer nutritif and phisiologis character. With this character, no coral can live without zooxanthellae. Zooxanthellae have vital control on the coral and sessile life. Model of relationship between zooxanthellae and coral are adopted in the artificial environment for take the massalization culture zooxanthellae in the artificial environment. This study was purposed to : (a) Evaluating of environment limiting factors to support optimum growth of zooxanthellae in the artificial environment; (b) Evaluating of purification culture of zooxanthellae and (c) Formulating nutritif to maintenance of maximum gorwth of zooxanthellae. The experiment took place in Natural food and Genetic laboratory of Main Centre of Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Jepara from August 2004 to September 2005. The result showed that: (a) The optimum irradiance for growth of zooxanthellae is green radiance (with comparison 490 - 550 nm); (b) The optimum temperature for growth of zooxanthellae are 20 – 25oC and (c) Adding of 200 µM NaNO3 with repeat again for 16 days, Key Words: Zooxanthellae, Life Model,Massalization Growth

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI BAWANG PUTIH TERHADAP MUTU “BEKASAM” IKAN NILA MERAH (The Influence of Different Concentration of Garlic (A. sativum) to the Quality of Bekasem made from Red Tilapia) Widayanti Widayanti; Ratna Ibrahim; Laras Rianingsih
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 10, No 2 (2015): JURNAL SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

ABSTRAK Bekasam merupakan pengolahan ikan air tawar secara fermentasi spontan yang banyak dikenal di Kalimantan Tengah menggunakan ikan, garam dan nasi. Rasanya asam dan asin akan tetapi kurang diminati oleh golongan muda sehingga kurang berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan penambahan konsentrasi bawang putih 0%, 5%, 5,5%, 6% (b/b) selama 4 hari fermentasi sebagai flavouring agent dan menstimulasi pertumbuhan bakteri asam laktat pada pembuatan bekasam ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus) terhadap mutu produknya berdasarkan sifat kimia (pH, TVBN, dan total asam laktat), sifat mikrobiologis (jumlah koloni bakteri) serta nilai hedonik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai total asam laktat mengalami peningkatan dan menurunkan nilai pH, TVBN dan jumlah koloni bakteri. Dari segi kimiawi produk bekasam terbaik diperoleh dari perlakuan konsentrasi bawang putih 6% dengan nilai TVBN 34,67(mgN/100ml), pH 4,58, Total asam laktat 1,53% dan jumlah koloni bakteri sebesar 6,7x10³(CFU/gr). Berdasarkan uji hedonik bekasam yang disukai panelis dengan penambahan konsentrasi bawang putih yaitu 5-6% dengan nilai 3,4-4,09 (sangat disukai panelis). Kata kunci : Ikan Nila Merah (Oreochromis niloticus); Bekasam; Bawang Putih; Mutu Bekasam is one of the spontaneous fermented freshwater fish well known in Central Kalimantan, using fish, salt and rice. The taste is sour and salty but less attractive to young groups so this product not develops. The research aims to determine the effects of different garlic concentrations (0, 5%, 5,5% and 6% (w/w) to stimulate the growth of lactic acid bacteria during 4 days fermentation of bekasem of Red Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and the quality of the product based on chemical properties (pH, TVBN and total lactic acid), microbiological properties (TPC) and hedonic score. The results showed that total lactic acid have increased and decreased the value of pH, TVBN and total colony bacteria. The hedonic score were significant different among all treatments. The Chemial characteristics of bekasam with 6% garlic performed the best product which fulfilled the quality criteria, for TVBN value was 34,67 (mgN/100ml), pH value was 4,58, total lactic acid value was 1,53% and total colony bacteria value was 6,7x10³ (CFU/g). Based on the test of bekasem, the most bekasam preferred likely by panelist is bekasam which used of 5-6% garlic concentrations with a value of 3,4-4,09 (preferred by panelist). Keywords : Red Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus); “Bekasam”; Garlic; Quality

Effect of Different Escape Vent on Collapsible Pot For Catching Mud Crab Iskandar, Dahri
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 8, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Saintek Perikanan
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

The objective of this research was to obtain optimum shape of escape vent to mud crab catch. The research used common fishermen’s pot for catching mud crabs. Three types of escape vent were installed in the pot i.e. rectangular shaped escape vent, Ship Same Side Corner Rectangle (S3CR), circle shaped escape vent while non escape vent pot was used as control. Result of research indicated that total catch of each escape vent type was as follow: circle shaped escape vent pot was 57 fishes or equal with 21.84% of total catch, S3CR shaped escape vent pot was 46 fishes or equal with 17.62 % of total catch and rectangular shaped escape vent pot was36 fishes or similar with 13.79 % of total catch. Kruskall-Wallis test also indicated that there was significantdifferent of total catch between different type of escape vent pot (P=0.000; Chi-Square = 22.659). Mud crab catch of S3CR shaped escape vent pot was showing the highest catch than other type of escape vent pot. Kruskall- Wallis test on total catch of mud crab also indicated significantly different among different type of escape vent (P=0.005; Chi-Square = 12.667). Keywords: Collapsible pot, escape vent, mud crab, catch

KONSENTRASI NITRAT DAN ORTOFOSFAT DI MUARA SUNGAI BANJIR KANAL BARAT DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN KELIMPAHAN FITOPLANKTON Harmful Alga Blooms (HABs) Concentration of Nitrate and Orthophosphate at Banjir Kanal Barat Estuary and their Relationship with the Abundance of Harmful Algae Blooms Anggita Wahyuningtyas Tungka; Haeruddin Haeruddin; Churun Ain
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 12, No 1 (2016): SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Perkembangan industri dan aktivitas rumah tangga di sepanjang aliran Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat Semarang diduga memberikan pengaruh terhadap kualitas perairan berupa buangan limbah yang mengandung nutrien (nitrat dan ortofosfat). Kedua nutrien tersebut dalam konsentrasi yang tinggi dapat mengakibatkan pengkayaan unsur hara (eutrofikasi) dan memicu ledakan populasi fitoplankton (blooming fitoplankton). Kondisi blooming ini diperburuk dengan adanya beberapa spesies fitoplankton yang mengandung racun dalam tubuhnya yang dikenal sebagai Harmful Alga Blooms (HABs). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2015 – Januari 2016 di Muara Sungai Banjir Kanal Barat, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi nutrien (nitrat dan ortofosfat), jenis dan kelimpahan fitoplankton HABs, serta hubungan dan pengaruh antara konsentrasi nutrien (nitrat dan ortofosfat) terhadap kelimpahan fitoplankton HABs. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi nitrat di lokasi penelitian berada dalam kisaran 0,6-2,2 mg/l, sedangkan konsentrasi ortofosfat dalam kisaran 0,04-1,3 mg/l. Fitoplankton HABs yang teridentifikasi berjumlah 5 genera diantaranya Trichodesmium sp., Ceratium sp., Noctiluca sp., Pseudonitzschia sp. dan Gonyaulax sp.. Persentase fitoplankton HABs dari total kelimpahan fitoplankton yang teridentifikasi sebesar 40,89% di stasiun I, 20,10% di stasiun II dan 11,49% di stasiun III. Berdasarkan analisis regresi berganda, sebesar 44,2% nutrien nitrat dan ortofosfat mempengaruhi kelimpahan fitoplankton HABs dengan persentase pengaruh nitrat dan ortofosfat masing-masing sebesar 36,6% dan 7,6%. Industrial and households activity along Banjir Kanal Barat river flow in Semarang allegedly give an impact to the water quality which form the sewage contain nutrients (nitrate and orthophosphate). Both of the nutrients, in high concentration can cause nutrient enrichment (eutrophication) and trigger phytoplankton overpopulation (phytoplankton bloom). Blooming in this condition can be worse because of several toxic phytoplankton, this phenomenon known as Harmful Alga Blooms (HABs). The research was conducted on December 2015 – January 2016 at Banjir Kanal Barat estuary which aimed to knowing the nutrient concentration (nitrate and orthophosphate), find out the abundance of HABs phytoplankton, analyzing the relation of nutrients (nitrate and orthophosphate), and relation between chemical-physics water parameters and the abundance of HABs phytoplankton. The method of this research was used survey by purposive sampling technique. The results of the research showed that nitrate concentrations were in the range of 0.6 to 2.2 mg/l, while orthophosphate concentrations were of 0.04 to 1,3 mg/l. There were 5 generas identified as Phytoplanktons HABs, including Trichodesmium sp., Ceratium sp., Noctiluca sp., Pseudonitzschia sp. and Gonyaulax sp. The phytoplankton HABs percentage from the total abundance of identified phytoplankton was diferent within sampling stations that was 40,89% at the station I, 20,10% at the station II and 11,49% at the station III. Both nitrate and ortophosphate concentration may affected HABs phytoplankton 44,2% (corelatoin analysis), with the influence of nitrate and orthophosphate were 36,6% and 7,6%.

The Depth Influence to the Morphology and Abundance of Corals at Cemara Kecil Island, Karimunjawa National Park Suryanti, Suryanti; Supriharyono, Supriharyono; Roslinawati, Yulia
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Jurnal Saintek Perikanan
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

The dominant species of coral depends on environmental conditions or habitat where corals were alive.According to coral life growth, corals have two classification, Acropora and non-Acropora, with different types of morphology branching, massive, encrusting, foliose, tabulate, submassive, mushroom and digitate. Lifeform was influence of some nature factor,one of this factor is depth. The aims of this research were to find and examine the influence of depth on coral morphology, to find abundance of coral, and to find morphology of corals at Pulau Ce mara Kecil, Taman Nasional Karimunjawa. The research was conducted in August until December 2009, in Cemara Kecil Island, Karimunjawa National Park. The research method used was eksplanatif method, sampling method using the line transect method along 20 m. The data gathered were an abundance of corals, reef morphology, coral diversity, and physical-chemical parameters. Research data processed by non-parametric test 2 Independent Samples SPSS 16. The results of this research showed that were not significant difference between corals morphology in depth of 3 m and 10 m.There were 10 species of coral, Acropora Digitate and Acropora Branching species most commonly found at a depth of 3 m, at depth of 10 m most commonly found was submassive coral species. The percentage of live coral abundance range between 52.5% - 79.5%, was generally grouping into well categories until very well. Percentage abundance of the largest reef in the southern part of the depth of 10 m, based on non parametric test 2 independent sam ples showed that it had no significant difference between abundance corals in depth of 3 m and10 m. Keywords: depth, morphology of coral

PENGARUH PENYAMAKAN ZIRKONIUM TERHADAP UJI KEKUATAN TARIK, UJI KEKUATAN SOBEK, UJI KEMULURAN DAN UJI SUHU KERUT PADA BERBAGAI JENIS KULIT IKAN (The Effect of Zirconium Tanning Against Tensile Strength Test, Strength Test of Tear, Glide Test, and Wrinkle Temperature Test on Different Fish Types) Rokhmah Hergiyani; Y. S. Darmanto; Lukita Purnamayati
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 13, No 2 (2018): SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Kulit ikan merupakan limbah perikanan yang dapat memberikan dampak negatif pada lingkungan. Salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi limbah tersebut adalah dengan proses penyamakan kulit. Penyamakan kulit adalah rangkaian proses yang sangat kompleks terjadi banyak perubahan fisik dan kimia di satu sisi, bagian yang tidak berguna dihilangkan dari kulit mentah untuk mendapatkan serat kolagen murni dan membuka struktur serat kolagen. Proses penyamakan yang tidak baik mengakibatkan kulit menjadi rusak, lemas, dan kebusukan, sehingga penanganannya dapat dengan cara menambah bahan penyamak untuk menguatkan dan menghindari kebusukan. Bahan penyamak yang digunakan yaitu zirconium. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyamakan zirkonium terhadap uji kekuatan tarik, uji kekuatan sobek, uji kemuluran dan uji suhu kerut pada berbagai jenis ikan. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah kulit ikan nila, kakap dan bandeng. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah experimental laboratories menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga kali ulangan dan menggunakan analisa ragam ANOVA. Hasil uji menunjukan penggunaan zirkonium 7,5% terhadap kulit ikan nila, kakap, dan bandeng berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) pada kekuatan tarik, kekuatan sobek, kemuluran dan suhu kerut pada karakteristik penyamakan. Penggunaan bahan penyamak zirkonium 7,5% terbaik dihasilkan oleh kulit ikan kakap pada uji kekuatan tarik 1675,84 N/cm2, kekuatan sobek 163,92 N/cm2 dan uji suhu kerut 103,45˚C sedangkan kemuluran untuk hasil terbaik pada kulit bandeng sebesar 28,74%, jadi setiap ikan mempunyai ciri kulit tersendiri pada setiap parameter uji. The skin of the fish waste is a fishery that can give a negative impact on the environment. One way of tackling the waste is by the process of tanning leather. Tanning is a very complex processes occur many chemical and physical changes on the one hand, the useless removed from rawhide to get pure collagen fibers and the open structure of the collagen fibers. The process of tanning is not a good result in the skin becomes broken, buckled, and corruption, so that responses can be with how to add ingredients to strengthen Tanner and avoid corruption. On the research of materials used i.e. Tanners used are zirconium.. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of zirconium tanning against test tensile strength, tear strength test, test and test temperature wrinkle elongation on various types of fish. The raw material used is leather fish tilapia, milkfish and snapper. Research methods used are experimental laboratories using Complete Random Design (RAL) with three-time repeats and a range of analysis using ANOVA. Test results showed the use of zirconium 7.5% against the skin of the fish, snapper, tilapia and milkfish influential real (p < 0.05) on the tensile strength, tear strength, elongation and wrinkle on temperature characteristics of tanning. The use of zirconium Tanner 7.5% best produced by skin test on a snapper 1675.84 tensile strength N/cm2, the strength of RIP 163.92 N/cm2 and test the temperature of the wrinkle 103,45 ˚ C while elongation for the best results on the skin of the banding of 28.74%, so each fish has its own skin characteristics on each test parameter.

ISOLASI ALBUMIN DAN KARAKTERISTIK BERAT MOLEKUL HASIL EKSTRAKSI SECARA PENGUKUSAN IKAN GABUS (The Isolation of Albumin and Characteristics of Molecular Weight from Extraction Result by Steaming of Fish Gabus (Ophiocephalus striatus)) Matheus Nugroho
Saintek Perikanan : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology Vol 9, No 1 (2013): JURNAL SAINTEK PERIKANAN
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk adalah isolasi albumin dan penentuan berat molekul dari ekstraksi secara pengukusan ikan gabus (Ophiocephalus striatus). Metode penelitian adalah ekstraksi secara pengukusan waterbath dengan suhu kisaran 40-90 oC, dan lama 25-35 menit, untuk mendapatkan rendemen dan kadar albumin ekstrak kasar ikan gabus yang optimal. Tahap selanjutnya adalah isolasi albumin dan penentuan berat molekulnya dari hasil ekstraksi yang optimal. Analisa data penelitian ini adalah analisa deskriptif untuk melihat foto hasil elektroforesis. Sementara untuk hasil analisa pengukuran isolasi albumin secara filtrasi gel sephadex G-75 dilakukan dengan Rancangan Petak terbagi (RPB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada interaksi antara berbagai faktor perlakuan. Kadar albumin isolat albumin tertinggi sebesar 1.77 mg g-1, pengaruh suhu pengukusan 40 oC selama 30 menit, pada pengambilan 5 ml fraksi ke-2. Elektroforesis SDS-PAGE dengan jumlah protein paling komplek adalah isolat albumin pengaruh suhu pengukusan 40 oC selama 30 menit, terletak pada 5 ml fraksi ke-1, 5 ml fraksi ke-2 dan 5 ml fraksi ke-3. Pita protein terdiri dari 2 pita mayor dan 5 pita minor dengan berat molekul 14.6-133 kD. Kata kunci : ikan gabus (Ophiocephalus striatus), isolasi albumin, berat molekul The objective of this study for the isolation of albumin and determination of molecular weight of extraction by steaming of fish gabus (Ophiocephalus striatus). The research method is the extraction of a steaming waterbath with the temperature range 40-90 oC, and the long 25-35 minutes, to obtain recovery and albumin levels of crude extract of fish gabus that optimal. The next stage is the isolation of albumin and its molecular weight determination of the optimal extraction. Analysis of data of this study is a descriptive analysis to see photos of electrophoresis. While analyzing the results of measurements for albumin isolation by gel filtration Sephadex G-75 made with split plot design (RPB). The results showed that there is interaction between the various treatment factors. The highest levels of albumin albumin isolates of 1.77 mg g-1, the effect of steaming temperature of 40 °C for 30 minutes, 5 ml fractions on the uptake-2. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis with the most complex of the protein albumin is isolate the influence of steaming temperature 40 °C for 30 minutes, located at 5 ml-1 fraction, 5 ml of fraction-2 and 5 ml fractions to-3. Protein bands consist of two major bands and 5 minor bands with moleculer weight 14.6 to 133 kD. Key words : fish gabus (Ophiocephalus striatus), albumin isolation, molecular weight

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