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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press" : 12 Documents clear
Phylogenetic Relationships among Ornamental Achanturid Fish from Ujunggenteng and Taman Manalusu, West Java Nabila, Afra; Nuryanto, Agus; Prabowo, Romanus Edy; Bhagawati, Dian; Kusbiyanto, Kusbiyanto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20671

Abstract

Acanthuridae is a marine fish family with some members are known as ornamental species. Previous studies has been reported the diversity of Acanthuridae. However, there was no study on the phylogenetic relationship of the Acanthuridae from Ujunggenteng and Taman Manalusu southern coast of West Java. The purpose of this study was to provide information about the phylogenetic relationship among ornamental fishes under the Acanthuridae family of Ujunggenteng Beach Sukabumi and Taman Manalusu Beach Garut, West Java. The phylogenetic tree was reconstructed based on morphological characters using maximum parsimony algorithm in software PAUP with 1000 pseudoreplicates and with Halichoeres marginatus selected as an outgroup species. The phylogenetic tree had a consistency index of 0.6429. The value means that the tree was highly reliable due to its low homoplasy. Acanthuridae formed a monophyletic clade compared to the outgroup species by having seven synapomorphic characters. Acanthurid clade was divided into two subclades at generic levels by nine derived characters; three apomorphic characters in Acanthurus and six apomorphic characters in Naso. The tree indicates that Naso brevirostris and Naso lituratus represents basal group, while all species within genus Acanthurus are the most advanced species.  This study is the first to provide the data about the evolutionary relationship of ornamental acanthurid fish from the southern coast of West Java. Data on closely related species is one of the essential scientific basis on making policies regarding the sustainable use of those closely related species.
Biological Control of Wood Destroying Organism Using Plant Extracts Collected from Mt. Merapi National Park, Indonesia Ismayati, Maya; Zulfiana, Deni; Tarmadi, Didi; Lestari, Anis Sri; Krishanti, Ni Putu Ratna Ayu; Himmi, Setiawan Khoirul; Fajar, Anugerah; Yusuf, Sulaeman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20102

Abstract

Due to the climate change and global warming, the biodiversity database has gained the attention of the government. In line with the Indonesian Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (IBSAP), we have collected plants with insecticidal activity based on the local wisdom. This program aimed to protect Indonesian biodiversity from deforestation along with the loss of the number of species. This research?s goal was to evaluate termiticidal and antifungal properties from some plant extracts collected from the Turgo forest area, Mt. Merapi National park, Java. Three potential plants were evaluated. Based on specimen identification, the three plant samples were Kina (Cinchona sp.), Kamadoh (Dendrocnide stimulans (L.f.) Chew), and Keremi (Homalanthus populneus (Geiseler) Pax). The phytochemical test showed that Kina contained alkoloid, falvonoid, saponin, and tannin, whereas Kamadoh and Keremi contained saponin and tanin, respectively. Overall, all plant extracts have the termiticidal activities and able to inhibit wood- decay fungi with the inhibition percentage around 60% - 100%. Leaf extracts of Kina (Cinchona sp) and Keremi (Homalanthus populneus (Geiseler) showed the highest activity as wood-decay fungi inhibitor. The disclosure of the potential of bioinsecticides from some plants originating from Mount Merapi is very important before being lost due to deforestation and the Mount Merapi disaster. Thus, the potential bioinsecticide in these plants can increase its economic value as a substitute for synthetic insecticides that are friendly to the environment.
Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida) Dillak, Hory Iramaya; Kristiani, Elizabeth Betty Elok; Kasmiyati, Sri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20736

Abstract

Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida) is a medicinal plant used by the people of East Nusa Tenggara to treat lumbago, liver dysfunction and to restore the stamina. The research aims were to determine the qualitative and quantitative content of flavonoids, phenols, and tannins, as well as to examine the antioxidant activity of roots, stem barks, leaves, fruits and seeds extracts of faloak plant. Each organ was extracted with ethanol 70% using the maceration method. The qualitative content of bioactive compounds was determined using the phytochemical screening method. The determination of bioactive compounds concentration was using spectrophotometric methods and antioxidant activity was using the DPPH method. The result of phytochemical screening showed that all of the extracts were exhibit phenols compounds, but the flavonoids and tannins were only found in roots, barks, leaves, and fruits extracts. The quantitative content of total flavonoids of roots, barks, leaves, fruits, and seeds was 48.09; 62.76; 12.56; 11.91 and 1.55 mg/g, while the phenols total content were 82.90; 45.37; 3.43; 29.50 and 2.89 mg/g. Tannins total content were 71.26; 59.64; 10.52; 13.18 and 14.12 mg/g samples respectively. The stem barks and roots extracts showed a very strong antioxidant activity, while leaves, fruits, and seeds extracts belong to the strong category.  The potential of faloak as an antioxidant has been widely studied, especially in the stem bark. Studies on the antioxidant activity of roots, leaves, fruits, and seeds can provide new information about the benefits of phaloac plants as a source of natural antioxidants.
The Interaction between Marasmius pulcheripes J8 and Soil Fungi on Laccase Activity for POME Degradation Subowo, Yohanes Bernard; Sugiharto, Arwan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20827

Abstract

A study on the effect of Marasmius  pulcheripes J8 and soil fungi interaction on the activity and ability of laccase to degrade palm oil mill effluent (POME) was previously conducted, and some Basidiomycetes fungi were identified capable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the ability of Marasmius pulcheripes J8 to degrade POME in the presence of inducers, and interactions with soil fungi. Furthermore, 3 types of inducers were applied to elevate its laccase activity, which include CuSO4, sucrose and Ammonium tartrate. In addition, M. pulcheripes J8 was grown together with soil fungi, encompassing Aspergilus niger NK and Penicillium sp R 75, in order to boost the action. The results showed the highest laccase activity was in M. pulcheripes J8 pure culture on a PDB medium of 3566.04 U / mL.  Moreover, the POME decolorization was up to 74.25% after 20 days of incubation, and reduced COD level was 81%. Meanwhile, the addition of an inducer has never been performed before, and the outcome of this investigation showed the ability of M. pulcheripes J8 to degrade POME, and decrease environmental pollution. POME waste treatment using fungi is more affordable than other methods.
Digestive Enzyme Activities of Osteochilus vittatus with Spirulina platensis Feed Supplementation in Biofloc System Yunida, Rizka; Sukardi, Purnama; Simanjuntak, Sorta Basar Ida
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.19108

Abstract

Osteochilus vittatus is a freshwater fish that needs to be developed because it tastes savory and can be used as a biocleaning agent. Research on the effect of supplementation of Spirulina platensis in nilem fish that is maintained in a biofloc system on digestive enzyme activity has never been done before. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of S. platensis supplementation on Osteochilus vittatus digestive enzyme activity maintained in the biofloc system and to obtain the most optimum level of S. platensis supplementation in improving the  digestive enzymes activity. The study was conducted experimentally with Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and five replications. Osteochilus vittatus were fed with Spirulina platensis level of 0, 2, 4, and 6 g kg-1 for 56 days. Enzyme activity was measured on days 0 and 56 with three kinds of buffer solutions. Amylase and protease activity was analyzed using ANOVA with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the highest amylase activity in the liver was 4.764 ± 1.705 U mg-1 protein and proximal intestine was 2.328 ± 0.838 U mg-1 protein. The highest protease activity was found in the liver and proximal intestine with activity of 6.536 ± 0.911 U mg-1 protein and 6.207 ± 2.195 U mg-1protein. Spirulina platensis supplementation level of 6 g kg-1 feed is the most optimum level (p<0.05). Cultivation of fish with S. platensis supplementation in feed can increase enzyme activity and the fish maintenance in biofloc systems can improve water quality.
Phytochemical and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Krangean Fruits Extracts Against HeLa, MCF-7, and HepG2 Cancer Cell Line Widiyastuti, Yuli; Marfuatush Sholikhah, Ika Yanti; Haryanti, Sari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.18073

Abstract

Krangean [Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.] is one of ancient aromatic plants in Indonesia which is used as traditional medicines such as for carminative, stimulant, stomach ache and expectorant. Otherwise, the anticancer activity of this plant has not been explored extensively. This research aimed to investigate phytochemical content and cytotoxic activity of krangean fruits extract on human cancer cell line in vitro. The research was an in vitro experimental design and the cytotoxic activity was carried out with MMT assay.  The phytochemical compounds were characterized by TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). MTT assay was done to observe morphology and viability of HeLa cervical cancer, MCF-7 breast cancer, and HepG2 liver cancer cell line. The results showed that TLC characterization of chloroform and methanolic extracts of Litsea cubeba revealed similar profile, with the major compound found were terpenoid and alkaloid. The MTT assay found that both extracts had strong inhibition on HeLa cell line. Chloroform extract exhibited stronger cytotoxic activities compared to methanol, with the IC50 values of 37.3 and 64.7 ?g/mL respectively. While, the both extract have moderate cytotoxic activities to HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cell line indicated by IC50value more than 100 mg/mL. The benefit of this study is to provide the scientific information regarding the potency of krangean fruit as herbal natural medicine for cervical cancer therapy.
Application of Bio P60 and Bio T10 in Combination Against Phytophthora Wilt of Papaya Soesanto, Loekas; Kustam, Kustam; Mugiastuti, Endang
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20389

Abstract

Papaya is one of the most widely cultivated horticultural plants. Phytophthora wilt is an important papaya disease which results in production losses. This research aimed to determine the effect of Bio P60 (raw secondary metabolites of Pseudomonas fluorescens P60) and Bio T10 (raw secondary metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum T10) application in combination on Phytophthora wilt and on growth of pepaya. The research was conducted on Californian pepaya farm, Linggasari Village, Kembaran District, Banyumas Regency. Randomized block design was used with six replicates and five treatments consisted of control (Mancozeb 80%), Bio T10 flush + Bio T10 spray, Bio T10 flush + Bio P60 spray, Bio P60 flush + Bio T10 spray, and Bio P60 flush + Bio P60 spray. Variables observed were percentage of healthy leaves, infection rate, number of healthy leaves, and number of healthy pepaya fruit. Result of the research showed that application of Bio P60 and Bio T10 effectively cured Phytophthora wilt with the percentage of healthy leaves as 69.19% compared to control. The combination was able to increase the number of healthy leaves the number of healthy papaya fruit. The novelty of this research is that raw secondary metabolites of biological agents proven to be able to overcome the papaya diseases, which so far cannot be solved. The implication for the development of science is one step ahead in overcoming plant diseases biologically by utilizing raw secondary metabolites. The benefits for the community can overcome papaya plant diseases organically, safely, and environmentally friendly, and inexpensive.
The Dominance of Tramps Ants in The Settlement Area of Semarang, Central Java Putra, Ivan Mahadika; Hadi, Mochammad; Rahadian, Rully
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.21026

Abstract

The high rate of urbanization in Semarang have caused the land conversion from forest into various human need spaces. The land conversion is not only affect the life of humans but also the animals, including ants. The objectives of this study were to examine the dominance of tramp ants in the settlement area of Semarang City. The method used was the bait trap method using chicken intestine as a bait. Samples of ants were collected from four habitats, i.e., waste disposal area, traditional markets, house area, and urban parks. This study found four dominant ants, i.e., Anoplolepis gracilipes, Paratrechina longicornis, Solenopsis geminata and Monomorium pharaonis. Two of them were categorized as tramp ants (Anoplolepis gracillipes and  Paratrechina longicornis). The highest diversity of ants was found in house  (H'= 2.72).  The waste area tends to be an ideal habitat for particular species, which was proved by the low value of Simpson's dominance index (iD = 0.06) and a high value of evenness index (E=0 0.89). This study provides new information about tramp ants population as pest in urban area. The findings would be beneficial for controlling the population of tramp ants, which are disturbing humans in the settlement area.
The Effect of Aloe Vera Peel Extract on Histopathology of Rat Pancreas Induced by Alloxan Susanti, R; Setiadi, Eka; Peniati, Endah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20896

Abstract

The Extract of Aloe Vera Peel (EAVP) contains bioactive compounds (flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenolics) that it thought to improve pancreas histopatology on rat with diabetes mellitus, therefore it has potential for diabetes mellitus treatment. This research aimed to figure out the effect of EAVP on improving the histopathology of rat pancreas induced by alloxan. This research was an experimental study using a completely randomized design with a randomized post-test design. A total of 25 rats were divided into 5 groups: C(-) was a normal group, fed and drinking standard; C(+) was positive control group, induced by alloxan 120 mg/kgBW; PI, PII and PIII were groups that were induced by alloxan 120 mg/kgBW and were given a full-dose of EAVP of 87.5, 175 and 350 mg/kgBW respectively. The data was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney statistical analysis. The results of the statistical test showed that the histopathology of rat pancreas of the C(+) group were significantly different compared with the treatment group. Meanwhile, the representation of histopathology of pancreas between PIII and C(-) were not significantly different. It can be concluded that treating hyperglycemia rats with the EAVP for 28 days can improve the representation of histopathology of rat pancreas. At the laboratory level, EAVP has been shown to repair rat pancreatic damage. With this result, Aloe vera has the potential to be developed as a phytopharmaca for the prevention or treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Effects of Kersen Juice and Lakum Leaf Extract on Lipid Profile of White Rats With Hyperlipidemia Sopandi, Didin; Saraswati, Tyas Rini; Yuniwarti, Enny Yusuf Wachidah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20813

Abstract

Kersen fruit and Lakum leaf contain substances that are potential as an antihyperlipidemic. The aim of this research was to analyze the effects of Kersen juice (Mutingia calabura L.) with dosage 0.2 ml/200 g BW and  lakum leaf extract (Cayratia trifolia L.) with dosage of 40 mg/200 g BW on lipid profile of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) with hyperlipidemia. This study used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). This study used twenty adult male Wistar rats which were divided into five groups : P0 as a control group, P1 as a High Feed Diet (HFD) control group, P2 as a HFD group treated with Kersen juice with dosage of 0.2 ml/200 g BW, P3 as a HFD group treated with Lakum leaf extract with dosage of 40 mg/200 g BW and P4 as a HFD group treated with simvastatin. The treatments were given orally for 28 days. The parameters of this study were the level of cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride, as well as body weight, and food consumption. One-way ANOVA test was performed to determine the significant differences p<0.05 between groups followed by Duncan test with a 95% significant level. The results showed that compared to Kersen juice with dosage of 0.2 ml/200 g BW, administration of Lakum leaf extract with dosage of 40 mg/200 g BW was more effective in lowering cholesterol level, triglyceride and increasing HDL level, however, they were not effective in lowering LDL in rats with hyperlipidemia. This result shows that kersen and lakum leaf could be an alternative to prevent and avoid further effects of high cholesterol in people with hyperlipidemia.

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