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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 54 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020" : 54 Documents clear
Anti-tumor Potential Ethnomedicinal Plants from Dayak Tribes in Central Kalimantan Neneng, Liswara; Pujirahadju, Asri; Ferayani, Ferayani; Widayat, Tri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23671

Abstract

Hornstedtia conica Ridl., Microsorum pustulatum Copel and Rourea fulgens Planch were medicinal plant used by  people of Dayak Tribes in Central Kalimantan for anti-tumor medicines. Although these plants has been widely used in traditional medicine, however, research and scientific evidence about their potential as anti-tumor are still very limited.  The research aims were to determine the qualitative content of phytochemical compounds and to study anti-tumor potential of these medicinal plants. This study used female Swiss Webster albino as a test animal.  Induction of tumor cell in mice used 7,12-Dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA), was done 10 times for 5 weeks.  Experiments were carried out used hexane extract from medicinal plants, every day for 7 weeks. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results as follows: extracts of Hornstedtia conica Ridl., and Microsorum pustulatum Copel. contained alkaloids, while extract of Rourea fulgens Planch. contained flavonoids and saponins. All of these plant extracts were able to reduce the size and number of mice tumors. Hexane extract of H. conica was able to reduce the tumor size faster than another plants extracts. Mortality rate of mice in hexane extracts of H. conica and R. fulgens were zero- and in hexane extract of M. pustulatum it was 30%, meanwhile almost all mice in control group were died in days 15 of treatment. Based on this study, it can be concluded that hexane extract of H. conica and R. fulgens are potential as anti-tumor medicinal plants. These findings scientifically proved the potential of medicinal plant extracts as anti-tumor compounds.  H. conica is the most potential one for further development as alternative drug for inhibited of tumor growth.
Total Phenol Content of Avicennia marina Leaf and Its Relationship to the Environmental Quality Hastuti, Endah Dwi; Izzati, Munifatul; Darmanti, Sri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23957

Abstract

Environmental dynamic in the coastal area is suggested to affect the metabolite concentration in mangrove plants. This research aimed to study the concentration of total phenol in A. marina leaf and to analyze the effect of environmental parameters on total phenol content dynamics. Environmental parameters studied in this research was temperature, pH, DO, and salinity, as well as N, P, and C sediment content. Data analysis was carried out through multiple regression of natural logarithm transformed data. Laboratory analysis resulted the value of total phenol content in A. marina leaf ranging from 0.88 – 1.62% with the average concentration of 1.28 ± 0.28%. Regression analysis resulted the significant effect of temperature, DO, and sediment content P and C expressed in the formula: ln(TP) = 31.229 – 7.224ln(T) – 0.067ln(DO) – 1.054ln(P) – 1.241ln(C). The research implicated that the increasing value of those factors was approaching the suitable condition for A. marina. Thus, instead of increasing the phenol concentration, the parameters negatively effect the secondary metabolite. The result showed that increasing temperature, DO, and content of P and C reduced the stress in A. marina and reduce total phenol content. This suggests that low temperature, DO, P and C concentration provides more potential of phenolic products from A. marina. 
The Antioxidant Content and Activity of Various Plant Organs of Kitolod (Isotoma longiflora) Egarani, Grahita Rezhi; Kasmiyati, Sri; Kristiani, Elizabeth Betty Elok
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23888

Abstract

Antioxidants play a crucial role in human health owing to their ability to neutralize oxidative reactions. Kitolod (Isotomalongiflora) is one of the medicinal plants that can be used as a source of antioxidant. The aim of study wasto compare the content of antioxidant compounds (flavonoids, phenolics, chlorophylls, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid) in various organs of the kitolod plant. The plant organs studied includingroots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The extraction of each plant organ wasconducted by maceration technique using ethanol as a solvent at the room temperature for 48 hours. The analysis of total flavonoids, phenolics, and ascorbic acid was performed by colorimetry method using AlCl3, Folin, and sulfosalicyclic acid reagent respectively, while chlorophylls and carotenoids was determined by direct colorimetry method with methanol as a solvent. The antioxidant activity of various plant organs of kitolod was analyzed using the DPPH method. The highest total flavonoid, phenolic, chlorophyll, and carotenoid compounds werefound in leaves, respectively by 10.48, 1.46, 7.25, and 56.98 ppm. The highest ascorbic acid content and antioxidant activity were obtained fromfruits.The research findings provide new and important information aboutthe contents and antioxidant activity of the secondary metabolites (flavonoid, phenolic, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and ascorbic acid) in each organ of kitolod plant. The information from the results of this study can be used to increase the medicinal value ofkitolod plants.
Isolation of Potential Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) from Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Rhizosphere Soil Safriani, Suri Raihan; Fitri, Lenni; Ismail, Yulia Sari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.25905

Abstract

Cassava is the third most important calorie source in tropical area after rice and corn. The microorganism associated with cassava roots may be potent and useful for application to promote plant growth. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria  is a group of benefical bacteria that live in rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to isolate and to identify the potential Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) from cassava rhizosphere soil. The study consisted of isolation and identification of bacteria based on morphological and biochemical characters, hypersensitive reaction test, the ability to solubilize potassium and phosphate, and the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii. A total of nine bacteria isolates were succesfully isolated from Cassava rhizosphere soil. Those isolates suspected as Micrococcus sp.1, Micrococcus sp.2, Micrococcus sp.3, Micrococcus sp.4, Micrococcus sp.5, Micrococcus sp.6, Neisseria sp.1, Neisseria sp.2 and Bacillus sp. All nine isolates did not show hypersensitivity reactions. Only Neisseria sp.1 and Neisseria sp. 2 were able to solubilize potassium and phosphate. All isolates were able to inhibit the growth of S. rolfsii. The highest inhibition was done by Micrococcus sp.4 (51.46 %). The physical and chemical properties of cassava rhizosphere soil affected the type of bacteria found in this study. The result confirmed that the potential isolates obtained from cassava rhizosphere soil can be plant growth promoters. The present study suggested that PGPR isolates might have potential in future field applications as plant growth promoters or biocontrol agents.
Science Web-Module Integrated with Tannery Waste as Local Potential to Improve Students’ Problem Solving Miswami, Atznain Iqma; Nurcahyo, Heru
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.24356

Abstract

Problem solving skills are very important skill students must owned. The low score of students’ problem solving skills becomes a serious problem in the 21st century teaching and learning. The development of science web-based module integrated with tannery waste as local potential became a research that must be done. This research examined the appropriateness and the effectiveness of a science web-based module integrated with tannery waste as local potential in improving students’ problem solving skills. The Four-D research and development model was employed, consisting of define, design, develop, and disseminate. This research was conducted in the form of pretest posttest control group design. The appropriateness analysis conducted by content expert, teaching media expert, and science teacher indicating that the product was categorized very good. The effectiveness of the learning was tested using the independent sample t test with sig. value set at 0.000. The test showed that the science teaching done using the science web-based module was effective in improving students’ problem solving skills in SMP Negeri 1 Wungu. The product resulted from this study is expected to overcome the teaching and learning problems associated with the low score of students' problem-solving skills. Moreover, it can provide a real experience and independence to students in using the science web-based module to study.
Nutritional Content of Bone Flour Made from Plecos Fish Pterygoplichthys pardalis from the Ciliwung River, Indonesia Putri, Handhini Dwi; Elfidasari, Dewi; Haninah, Haninah; Sugoro, Irawan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23881

Abstract

Pterygoplichthys pardalis bones that are thrown into the river is one source of pollutants in the Ciliwung River. P. pardalis bones have a high calcium content, they can be used as an alternative raw material for flour. The purpose of this study was to analyze the nutritional content of P. pardalis bone flour from the Ciliwung River. The research method used was a proximate analysis consisting of moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates content analyses. Proximate analysis results showed that the P. pardalis bone plus head flour contained 3% moisture, 35% ash, 34% protein, 23% fat, and 5% carbohydrate. P. pardalis body bone flour contained 4% water, 37% ash, 37% protein, 19% fat, and 3% carbohydrate. Based on the proximate analysis results, P. pardalis bone flours did not met the national standard of SNI 2013 fish flour for quality I, II, and III. Until now, there has been no research that explain the nutritional content of bone flour of P. pardalis from Ciliwung River. This research provides information on the nutritional content of P. pardalis flour. Data obtained from the results of this study can be the basis for consideration in utilizing and processing P.pardalis from the Jakarta Ciliwung River.
Blood Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Osteochilus vittatus with Spirulina platensis Supplementation in Biofloc System Rijal, Muhammad Azharul; Susanto, Susanto; Simanjuntak, Sorta Basar Ida; Hernayanti, Hernayanti; Sukardi, Purnama
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.20936

Abstract

Spirulina platensis is a microalgae that contains nutrients such us iron and phycocianin higher than other microalgae. Research on suplementation of S. platensis in Osteochilus vittatus cultured in biofloc system has never been done. The aim of this study was to determine the blood hematological and biochemical parameters of O. vittatus fed with S. platensis supplementation and maintained in biofloc system. The study was conducted experimentally with Completely Randomized Design, four treatments and five replications. O. vittatus were fed with S. platensis level 0, 2, 4, and 6 g.kg-1 for 56 days. Blood hematological and biochemical parameters were measured on days 0 and 56. Values of those parameters were then analyzed using ANOVA with a confidence level of 95%. The result showed that the highest red blood cells, white blood cells, and hemoglobin counts were 1.57x106­­­­ cell.mm-3, 2.37x105 cell.mm-3, and 6.77 g.dl-1 respectivley, while the highest hematocrit value was 17.5 %. The highest total protein, albumin, and globulin in blood were 7.96 g.dL-1, 4.31 g.dL-1, and 3.79 g.dL-1 respectively, and the best for ratio A/G was 1.14. S. platensis suplementation level of 4g.kg-1 feed was the most optimum level (P<0.05). Cultivation of fish with S. platensis supplementation in feed can increase fish health indicated by the hematological and biochemical parameters of the blood and the fish maintenance in biofloc systems can improve water quality. The benefit of this research is to make a good condition for cultivation and efficiently used not only water but also feed.
Larvicidal Activity of Brugmansia candida against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Himmi, Setiawan Khoirul; Tarmadi, Didi; Meisyara, Dita; Fajar, Anugerah; Kartika, Titik; Guswenrivo, Ikhsan; Yusuf, Sulaeman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.24634

Abstract

Mosquitoes are well known as vectors of hazardous diseases for human. Plant extracts can be used as an alternative for larval control due to they are a rich source of bioactive chemicals and safe for the environment. The present study investigated the larvicidal activity of crude extracts derived from leaf and flower of Brugmansia candida against the second larval instar of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. The larval mortality was observed at 24 and 48 h exposure of both leaf and flower extracts, at the concentration of 100, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm. The 24 h exposure of both extracts at the concentration of 500 and 1000 ppm resulted in larval mortality rates were significantly lower than those of 48 h exposure. However, the mortality rate was not significantly different at the lower concentrations of crude extracts. The results also suggested that there was no significant difference in the larvicidal effect between leaf and flower extracts at 24 and 48 h exposure for all concentrations. The LC50 values at 48 h exposure for leaf extract were 789 and 791 ppm for Ae. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively, whereas for flower extract were 772 and 780 ppm for Ae. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. Overall, B. candida showed larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus. This research contributes to new finding regarding the larvicidal activity of B. candida. This finding also supports the next study to develop B. candida as an alternative source for larval control agent.
Identification of Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Isolates Lactic Acid Bacteria Results from The Isolation of Rusip Prayitno, S Feta Avila; Suprihadi, Agung; Kusdiyantini, Endang
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.24995

Abstract

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid produced by glutamate decarboxylation by the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase and it is widely distributed in plants, animals and microorganisms. GABA-producing microorganisms including Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) which play a role in the fermentation process of food such as rusip. Rusip is a preserved food of marine fish made from raw anchovy of Bangka-Belitung. The purpose of this study was to obtain LAB isolates through the process of isolation from rusip and identify the presence of GABA. Isolation of LAB was carried out by the pour method on MRS agar and NA medium. The growing colonies were then characterized based on observations of colony morphology, Gram staining, catalase test, motility test, and fermentation type test. LAB isolates obtained were selected to obtain isolates which are capable to produce GABA using the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The results of isolation from rusip and inoculation on MRS agar medium obtained, three LAB isolates namely RSP-A1, RSP-A2, and RSP-A3. Their characteristics are Gram positive bacteria, negative catalase test, negative motility test, and belong to homofermentative and heterofermentative bacteria groups. They were also able to produce GABA. Research on GABA from isolates isolated from rusip is a new thing in the world of GABA research. This research provides information that is beneficial to produce GABA easily, cheaply, and efficiently.
In Situ Bioremediation Strategies for the Recovery of Mercury-contaminated Land in Abandoned Traditional Gold Mines in Indonesia Winardi, Winardi; Haryono, Eko; Sudrajat, Sudrajat; Soetarto, Endang Sutariningsih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.25229

Abstract

Traditional gold mining activities release mercury into the environment, creating a major concern for the Indonesian governments today. In situ bioremediation, which draws on the activities of indigenous soil bacteria for the recovery of mercury-contaminated land, has never been conducted intensively in the country. This research set out to determine the most efficient in situ bioremediation strategy for this purpose. It took place in Mandor Village, Landak Regency, Kalimantan Barat-Indonesia. During the experiment, four groups of sampling plots were made into triplicate and given various treatments: a. nutrient addition, b. aeration, c. pH neutralization, and d. without nutrient addition and aeration as a control. pH neutralization was conducted in all sampling plots by adding lime until soil pH of ±7 was achieved. The experiment was performed during both rainy and dry seasons to determine the influence of seasonal weather. Total mercury levels of each plot were measured on day 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120, and the effects of treatments and time on mercury depletion were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (P<0.05), followed by a post hoc test to identify the best treatment and optimum time for in situ bioremediation. The results showed that the best time to conduct this bioremediation was in the rainy season by applying nutrient addition and aeration for 90 days on soils with neutral pH; these stimulations could remove ±89.6% of the mercury. This bioremediation technique is a novel technological approach in land recovery that local governments can adopt to restore soils contaminated with mercury from traditional gold mining.  

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