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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 83   84   85   86   87 
Penurunan Jumlah dan Motilitas Spermatozoa Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Pepaya (Kajian Potensi Biji Papaya sebagai Bahan Kontrasepsi Alternatif) The Declining of Spermatozoa Number and Motility of Mice Were Treats with Papaya Seeds Extract Wulan Kristijanti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.38

Abstract

Organs of many plants have been used as male contraception materials. One of the organs is papaya seed. This seed contains carpain, a molecule that could cause vacuole initiation on Sertoli cell. The research aimed to know whether papaya seed carpain affects mice spermatozoa quality. This research is an experimental one that makes use of 24 male mice. These mice are separated into 4 groups. Each group has its own papaya seed extract doses. The first group is the mice group that is given by doses of 0 mg/200 gr body weights. And the following groups are 10 mg/200 gr body weight for group II, 20 mg/200 gr body weight for group III, and 40 mg/200 gr body weight for group IV. Oral supplement of the papaya seed is 1 ml/mouse/day in the term of 40 days. These oral supplement is followed by reversibility time for 40 days. The data consist of spermatozoa viability, motility, and amount. These data are analyzed by 2 x 4 factorial analysis in the test scale of 5%. Statistical analysis shows significant differences among each treatment (8.27 2.76), spermatozoa taking time (5.81 4.60) and dose variation among groups (15.29 3.34). There are also significant differences among motility treatment (24.94 2.76), time (4.66 4.60) and doses (55.03 3.34). There is no significant difference among viability (3.22 3.74) nor treatment (2.30 2.76). The research concluded that papaya seed extract affects the spermatozoa motility and the decrease of spermatozoa numbers, but not to the reversibility and the viability. Keywords: contraception, papaya seed, reversibility
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Resins and Essential Oil From Pine (Pinus merkusii, Pinuso ocarpa, Pinus insularis) and Agathis (Agathis loranthifolia) Mardho Tillah; Irmanida Batubara; Rita Kartika Sari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.8371

Abstract

The most common human pathogen that colonizes in a third of healthy people around the world are Staphylococcus aureus, and one of the materials allegedly able to overcome the pathogen is resin. Resin has been used in folk medicine for thousands of years to treat diseases. The antimicrobial activity of natural resins can be associated with a variety of organic compounds contained in them such as diterpenoids and triterpenoids. This research aimed to explore the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Pinus merkusii, P. oocarpa, P. insularis, Agathis loranthifolia resins and essential oil. Resin was separated by distillation process to get essential oil and the residue was extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH). Antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH (1,1diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging method. The antibacterial activity of resins and essential oil of the samples determined using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results showed that the yield of resin extract was ranging from 8.44 % to 95.56%. All extracts and essential oil could not inhibit E coli growth but inhibit the S. aureus growth. This experiment concluded that resin n-hexane extract from P.oocarpa was the most potent as antibacterial activity against S. aureus. All of the samples used had less potential antioxidant activity compared to positive control ascorbic acid. Result of this study show that pine resin from Indonesia has potential as an antibacterial agent. 
Struktur Mikroanatomi Insang Ikan Bandeng di Tambak Wilayah Tapak Kelurahan Tugurejo Kecamatan Tugu Semarang Utari Ani Susanah; Kukuh Santosa; Nur Rahayu Utami
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i1.3925

Abstract

Berbagai macam kegiatan industri dan teknologi di wilayah Tapak Kelurahan Tugurejo Kecamatan Tugu yang ada saat ini apabila tidak disertai dengan program pengelolaan limbah yang baik akan memungkinkan terjadinya pencemaran air. Ikan sebagai salah satu biota air dapat dijadikan sebagai suatu indikator tingkat pencemaran yang terjadi di dalam perairan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi air tambak dan kerusakan struktur mikroanatomi insang ikan bandeng yang ada di tambak wilayah Tapak Kelurahan Tugurejo Kecamatan Tugu Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan di tambak wilayah Tapak Kelurahan Tugurejo Kecamatan Tugu Semarang, laboratorium BBTPPI Semarang dan laboratorium kedokteran hewan UGM. Pengambilan data menggunakan purposive random sampling. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian terhadap faktor lingkungan ikan bandeng masih berada dalam ambang batas yang ditentukan namun hasil pengamatan struktur mikroanatomi insang menunjukkan terdapat kerusakan struktur mikroanatomi berupa edema, hyperplasia, atrofi, fusi lamella, curling dan nekrosis. Hal ini diduga karena zat toksik lain yang ada diperairan namun tidak terukur dalam penelitian. Disimpulkan bahwa pencemaran air tambak di wilayah Tapak Kelurahan Tugurejo Kecamatan Tugu Semarang masih berada pada pencemaran tingkat awal. Pada hasil pengamatan struktur mikroanatomi insang ikan bandeng kerusakan yang terjadi pada jaringan disebabkan lebih karena kerusakan struktur mikroanatominya.A wide variety of industrial and technological activities in Tapak Area Tugurejo Village Tugu District could result in water pollution if they are not accompanied by a good waste management program. Fish as one of aquatic biota can be used as an indicator of the level of pollution in the waters. The aim of this research is to determine the condition of pond water and mikroanatomi structural damage of milkfish gills in Tapak pond. Data retrieved using purposive random sampling. Data analysis is qualitative descriptive. The result of environmental factors milkfish showed that environmental factors milkfish still in the threshold which is determined, but observations mikroanatomi gill structure showed that there are mikroanatomi structural damage in the form of edema, hyperplasia, atrophy, fusion lamella, curling, and necrosis. It is thought to be caused by other toxic substances that exist in waters, but it was not measured in the research. It was concluded that water pollution in Tapak pond still at the initial level of pollution. In observations milkfish gill structure mikroanatomi showed that tissue damage caused by damage structure it’s self.
Isolation of Potential Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) from Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Rhizosphere Soil Suri Raihan Safriani; Lenni Fitri; Yulia Sari Ismail
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.25905

Abstract

Cassava is the third most important calorie source in tropical area after rice and corn. The microorganism associated with cassava roots may be potent and useful for application to promote plant growth. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria  is a group of benefical bacteria that live in rhizosphere. The aim of this study was to isolate and to identify the potential Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) from cassava rhizosphere soil. The study consisted of isolation and identification of bacteria based on morphological and biochemical characters, hypersensitive reaction test, the ability to solubilize potassium and phosphate, and the ability to inhibit the growth of pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii. A total of nine bacteria isolates were succesfully isolated from Cassava rhizosphere soil. Those isolates suspected as Micrococcus sp.1, Micrococcus sp.2, Micrococcus sp.3, Micrococcus sp.4, Micrococcus sp.5, Micrococcus sp.6, Neisseria sp.1, Neisseria sp.2 and Bacillus sp. All nine isolates did not show hypersensitivity reactions. Only Neisseria sp.1 and Neisseria sp. 2 were able to solubilize potassium and phosphate. All isolates were able to inhibit the growth of S. rolfsii. The highest inhibition was done by Micrococcus sp.4 (51.46 %). The physical and chemical properties of cassava rhizosphere soil affected the type of bacteria found in this study. The result confirmed that the potential isolates obtained from cassava rhizosphere soil can be plant growth promoters. The present study suggested that PGPR isolates might have potential in future field applications as plant growth promoters or biocontrol agents.
Ethnobotanical Study on Medicinal Plants in Sesaot Forest, Narmada,West Lombok, Indonesia Slamet Mardiyanto Rahayu; Arista Suci Andini
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 2 (2019): August 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i2.19314

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest mega biodiversity countries in the world that is rich in biological resources. Plants can be an alternative in treating diseases by Indonesian people such as around the Sesaot Forest, the Buwun Sejati Village. This study aimed to determine the types of plants in Sesaot Forest which were used as medicine by the people of Buwun Sejati Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency. This research was conducted by interview method and field survey. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. Based on the research, there were 87 species included in 42 families used as medicine by the community of Buwun Sejati Village. The Zingiberaceae family was a plant family that was most widely used as a traditional medicine ingredient. There were 30 types of diseases treated using Sesaot Forest plants by the community of Buwun Sejati Village. Leaves were of the most common part of plant used as raw material for traditional medicine by the people of Buwun Sejati Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency. The advantages of traditional medicines include its widespread accessibility and relative low prices. Therefore, this data obtained from this study is necessary to inventory the kind of medicinal plants and their utilization by the community, so that, the traditional knowledge of the medicinal plants can be documented and preserved.
Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning Module as An Instructional Tool in Improving Scientific Argumentation Skill Sindy Nurinda; Sajidan Sajidan; Baskoro Adi Prayitno
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.12600

Abstract

Scientific argumentation skill required to be mastered in this era. Unfortunately many students still have strunggle improving their scientific argumentation skills. This study was aimed at describing the effectiveness of ecosystem module grounded in Problem-Based Learning in improving scientific argumentation skills. This research was part of the field testing of RD, a research and development previously conducted. Research participants included tenth grade senior high school students. Two classes were selected as a control and experiment class. The control class (existing) did not use the module but the experiment class use the module (module class) grounded in Problem Based Learning implemented. Data were collected from written tests and observations. Data analysis used the scoring rubric of scientific argumentation skill aspect which their results were tested with Gain test and independent T-test. The findings showed an increase in scores of the four aspects of scientific argumentation skills from the module class. The highest percentage of aspect was rebuttal aspect (27.27%) followed by evidence 26,06% and reasoning 23.94%, while the aspect of claim increased by 20.61%. The independent t-test results showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test results of the module class. It can be concluded that the ecosystem module with problem-based learning material was effective to improve students’ scientific argumentation skills. The product of this reasearch can be use as a tools to improve students’ scientific argumentation skills.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN MINYAK SAWIT DAN MINYAK LEMURU DALAM MEMPERCEPAT PUBERTAS TIKUS BETINA Mirtaati Na’ima; R. Susanti; Wulan Christijanti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2266

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru dalam mempercepat pubertas tikus betina, pada parameter peningkatan berat badan, berat ovarium dan perkembangan folikel ovarium. Tikus betina usia 21 hari sebanyak 20 ekor dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok variasi pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru per oral, yaitu kelompok A (0%+0%), B (3%+3%), C (4%+4%), dan D (5%+5%). Pada akhir penelitian (hari ke-20), dilakukan pengambilan data peningkatan berat badan, berat ovarium, dan perkembangan folikel ovarium. Data dianalisis secara deskripsi dan statistik dengan anava satu arah. Jika terdapat perbedaan, dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru dapat mempercepat pubertas tikus betina khususnya dari peningkatan berat badan, berat ovarium, dan perkembangan folikel ovarium. Dosis paling efektif untuk mempercepat pubertas adalah 4% minyak sawit + 4% minyak lemuru. This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of palm and lemuru oil for the acceleration of female rat puberty, especially in increasing the body weight, the ovarian weight and the follicle development. Twenty female rats aged 21 days were divided into 4 based on the variation of orally feeding palm and lemuru oil, namely group A (0% +0%), B (3% +3%), C (4% +4%), and D (5% +5%). At the twentieth day, data of the increase of the body weight, the ovarian weight and the follicle development were collected and then analyzed descriptively and statistically using one-way ANOVA. For any difference, the Least Significance Difference Test would be performed. The result of this study showed that palm and lemuru oil can accelerate the puberty of female rats. The most effective dose was 4% palm oil and 4% lemuru oil.
Resistance of Advanced Soybean Lines to Pod Borrer (Etiella zinckenella) Heru Kuswantoro; Marida S. Y. I. Bayu; Yuliantoro Baliadi; Wedanimbi Tengkano
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.7895

Abstract

The increasing and stabilizing of soybean product in Indonesia face many limitations. One of the limiting factors is pod borrer (Etiella zinckenella Treitschke) infestation that is able to cause yield loss up to 80%. Objective of the research was to find out some advanced soybean lines that resistant to pod borrer. Design was randomized complete block with three replications. Soybean lines were grown gradualy to ensure the simultanously flowering. The plants were caged at 35 days after planting (DAT) and infested with the imago of E. zinckenella at 56 DAT. Results showed that different soybean lines affected imago population, eggs population, larvae population, infected pods and infected seeds. Some genotypes were consistantly resistant to E. zinckenella. The resistance of those genotypes were non preference resistance based on eggs population, larvae population, infected pod and infected seeds. This study discovered nine soybean lines that is resistant to E. zinckenella, so that it can be beneficial for improving soybean resistance to this pest through releasing as a new resistant pod borer variety after tested further in potential yield and genetic x environment interaction trials. In addition, there were three varieties and two germplasm accessions that can be used as gene sources for improving the resistance of the varieties. The three varieties are able to be cultivated directly in field to decrease the E. zinckenella occurrence. 
Characteristics of superior soybean breeding lines tolerance to rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd.) Alfi Inayati; Eriyanto Yusnawan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 1 (2016): March 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i1.5081

Abstract

Soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is one of the most important diseases which limits soybean production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance of 28 superior soybean lines and their tolerance to rust. The study was conducted at a screen house and arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD); three replications. All genotypes tested were artificially inoculated with P. pachyrhizi, and a set of un-inoculated genotypes was planted as a comparison. Number of pustules was recorded weekly, and resistant criteria was rated based on the International working group on soybean rust IWGSR method. Lesion color (LC), sporulation level (SL), number of uredia (NoU), frequency of pustule which had uredia, and yield were also recorded. Among 28 genotypes tested, only one was categorized as resistant and 2 genotypes were susceptible. Resistant genotypes had few pustules, lower AUDPC values, low disease severity, and Reddish Brown lesion type. Soybean rust affected yield components, i.e. number of intact pods and yield per plant. Yield loses due to rust in this study varied from 5-89%, and the average was 51%. The set of lines from Tanggamus pedigree showed more resistant to rust but less tolerant compared to Sinabung pedigree.How to CiteInayati, A., Yusnawan, E. (2016). Characteristics of superior soybean breeding lines tolerancet to rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd.). Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(1), 47-55.
Raw Secondary Metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum T10 in Tapioca Flour Towards Cucumber Damping-off Loekas Soesanto; Hidayatul Ilahiyyah; Endang Mugiastuti; Abdul Manan; Rostaman Rostaman
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 2 (2020): August 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i2.24567

Abstract

Trichoderma harzianum is effective for controlling soil-borne pathogenic fungi and producing secondary metabolites. When applied in the field, the raw secondary metabolites are quickly decreased directly by sunlight. One strategy to avoid degradation is the use of tapioca fluor liquid formula for biological control agents. This research aimed to obtain the most effective concentration of tapioca flour in development of raw secondary metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum T10, its effect on damping-off and growth of cucumber. This research was carried out at the screen house and the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University from September 2017 up to January 2018. The study was conducted in two stages, i.e., in vitro and in planta. The in vitro stage used completely randomized design with five repetitions and five treatments consisted of T. harzianum T10 in Potato Dextrose Broth, and in 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2% of tapioca flour media. In in planta, randomized block design was used with five repetitions and six treatments consisted of control, T. harzianum T10 in PDB, and in 0.5; 1; 1.5, and 2% of tapioca flour media. Variables observed were density of conidia, disease incubation period, disease incidence, AUDPC, maximum growth potential, germination ability, plant height, canopy fresh weight, root length, and fresh root weight. Result of the research showed that the highest conidial density (1.23 x 107 conidia mL-1) of T. harzianum T10 was found in 2% tapioca flour with an increase of 63.28% compared to the PDB. The tapioca flour of 1 and 2%, and PDB could suppress the disease incidence by 81.82%. The lowest AUDPC was at 2% tapioca flour. The raw secondary metabolites could not delay the incubation period significantly and increase cucumber plant growth. The novelty is the use of antagonistic fungi in terms of raw secondary metabolites and the discovery of tapioca flour with the right concentration to produce high conidia density and high raw secondary metabolites. The benefits are to find other cheaper ingredients in promoting antagonistic fungal growth and the use of antagonistic fungal bioactive compounds to control plant pathogen

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