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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 84   85   86   87   88 
The Guild Composition for Modelling Fish Community in Banjaran River, Purwokerto Windiariani Lestari; Dini Auliya Zayyana; Nuning Setyaningrum; Titis Amelia
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.15602

Abstract

Over exploitation of consumed fishes causes declining of  targeted fish populations that will lead to a cascade effect to the guild compositions. The change of carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous fish populations drives to the food chain destructions and unstable ecosystems. The objective of this study was to build fish community modelling based on guild compositions. This study was conducted on fish communities in the Banjaran River. The data collected were species richness, the abundance of fish and the guild composition among carnivore, herbivore, and omnivore. Survey and purposive random sampling technique were applied and Banjaran River was divided into five sites based on the physical characteristics of the environment and fishing activities. Species richness data were analyzed by ANOVA, the composition of the carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous fish was analyzed descriptively based on the guild pyramides.  About 115 individuals consist of 17 species belong to 5 families were found. The species richness in the five sites in was relatively similar (P 0.05 (P = 0.269)). The fish community in site 3 had the balanced composition which was composed by 3% carnivores, 21.2% omnivores and 75.8% of herbivores.  This fish community modelling could be an an alternative way to manage fish community.  By controlling the carnivorous fish population, the natural resource especially fish as food resource will sustain and the species loss will be prevent.
Screening Endophytes of Neem Leaf that Potential Anti-Anthrax through Tests of Anti Staphylococcus Aureus Khuzyia Rizqi Triavi Ananda; Sunarno Sunarno; Muhamad Fikri Zulfikar; Hafsah Avisha; Muhamad Nastain; Ridwan Abdullah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.13956

Abstract

Anthrax is a deadly disease caused by Bacillus antracis that damages the lymphatic and vascular systems of animals and humans. Anthrax prevention in Indonesia has been done but has many shortcomings among them is a lot of dead animal raises after vaccination and relatively expensive. The azadirachtin bioactive compound produced by neem endophytic microbes is known to inhibit the growth of B. anthracis bacteria, thus potentially as an anti-anthrax agent. Other bacteria that have the same pathogens as B. antrachis are Methycillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) so that it is used as a research object. The aim of this research is to obtain the active biomaterials from selected neem leaf endophytes to be tested in S. aureus MRSA as bacteria with Anthrax pathogens. The method used in this research is the isolation, selection, and extraction of Neem  endophytes. The process of isolation is done by growing on the general media and the selection process on special media. The bioactive extraction process uses 1000 rpm centrifuge and screening on MRSA culture medium. Inhibitory zone tests were used to determine the effect of endophytic biopsy in inhibiting MRSA growth. The result of the research is that the bioactive endophytes of neem are able to inhibit MRSA growth which is characterized by the formation of drag zone around the endophytic bioactive. Thus it can be concluded that the use of neem endophytes can be a new solution to eradicate the presence of anthrax disease in the livestock and people in Indonesia with safe research methods, relatively inexpensive and ineffective vaccine replacements.
The Effects of Calina Papaya Leaf Ethanol Extract On Estrus Cycle And Uterus Morphology of Wistar Rats Haris Setiawan; Sri Wijayanti Wulandari; Fauziana Eka Nurwidyantary; Intan Dewantari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 3 (2021): December 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.31343

Abstract

Calina papaya leaf is an Indonesian papaya plant type that has the potential to be used as a medicinal plant. Phytochemical compounds found in papaya leaves act as antifertility agents. The research aimed to study the antifertility effect of Calina papaya leaf ethanol extract on estrus cycle and uterine morphology of wistar rats. The experiment lasted 30 days and involved 25 female wistar rats. The treatment consisted of 5 groups, namely K (distilled water), K+ (contraceptive pill), P1 (Calina papaya leaf ethanol extract 200mg/KgBW), P2 (Calina papaya leaf ethanol extract 300mg/KgBW), and P3 (Calina papaya leaf ethanol extract 400mg/KgBW). The parameters of estrus cycle consisted of estrus cycle phase, total cycle and estrus cycle ratio. Uterus morphological parameters consist of wall thickness of the endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium. The estrus cycle examination was carried out every day using the vaginal smear method (Giemsa 5%). On the 31st day, surgery was performed and the uterus was taken for histological observation using the paraffin method (HE staining). Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA with further Duncan’s test. The results showed that a dose of 400 mg/KgBW could affect the estrus cycle with accelerate the estrus phase and increase the estrus cycle ratio compared to the control (P0.05). There was a decrease in endometrium and myometrium wall thickness at a dose of 400 mg/KgBW compared to the control (P0.05). The conclusion of the study is that the ethanol extract of Calina papaya leaves at a dose of 400 mg/KgBW has the potential to be a natural antifertility agent on female wistar rats.
Genetic Diversity and Relationships of Phalaenopsis Based on the rbcL and trnL-F Markers: In Silico Approach Dindin Hidayatul Mursyidin; Gusti Muhammad Zainal Ahyar; Ahmad Winarto Saputra; Aminoor Hidayat
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 2 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29904

Abstract

In silico is the more comprehensive and applicable approach in supporting, both conservation and breeding programs of germplasm. The study aimed to analyze and determine the genetic diversity and relationships of 24 species of Phalaenopsis using two DNA barcoding markers, namely the rbcL and trnL-F, by in silico approach. All sequences of these markers were collected randomly from the NCBI website and analyzed using several softwares and methods, such as ClustalW and MultAlin for multiple sequence alignments and MEGA-X to determine its genetic diversity and relationships. Specifically, the genetic diversity was determined using a nucleotide diversity index and their relationships by the Maximum Likelihood method. The results showed that Phalaenopsis has a low genetic diversity of 0.24, 0.32, and 0.19, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that this orchid separated into five (for the rbcL), six (trnL-F), and seven clades (a combined one), where the closest relationship is shown by P. amboinensis vs. P. venosa, whereas the farthest by P. gibbosa vs. P. doweryensis, P. stuartiana vs. P. micholitzii, and P. celebensis vs. P. pulchra. The results have novel information on the diversity and relationships of Phalaenopsis on the in silico approach. Thus, our findings might be used in supporting the conservation and breeding program of Phalaenopsis, both locally and globally.
Traditional Knowledge of Banyumas Community about Mesua ferrea as the Identity Plant Enni Suwarsi Rahayu; Erni Suharini; Siti Fathonah; Aisirotul Maisah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 1 (2020): April 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i1.23834

Abstract

The population of Mesua ferrea L. in Banyumas Regency, Central of Java Province is very low. There are some factors affecting the quantity of plant population, particularly traditional knowledge of local community about the plant. The aim of this study was to describe the knowledge of Banyumas community about the existence, economic value, usefulness, and propagation technique of M. ferrea. The study was done by field survey on a total of 146 residents from 10 districts which were determined by proportionally stratified random sampling. Data obtained from questionnaires and interviews were analyzed by percentage descriptive. The results revealed that only 9% of respondents were familiar with the M. ferrea and knew its status as plant identity of Banyumas Regency. Most of the respondents did not understand the economic value, only 8% of respondents understood the usefulness, 2% of respondents had utilized the timber as craft material, and 3% understood the propagation technique. The utilization was very low, equal to 14.45% compared to the potential usefulness. Most of the respondents (98%) thought that conservation efforts should be undertaken. This study found that the traditional knowledge of M. ferrea in Banyumas was low. This result should be used as a basic information for developing conservation program of M. ferrea.  
Purification and Partial Characterization of α-Amylase Produced by a Thermo-Halophilic Bacterium Isolate PLS 75 Teuku M. Iqbalsyah; Farah Fajarna; Febriani Febriani
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.15861

Abstract

Bio-based industries require stable enzymes in a broad range of environmental conditions. Extremophiles have attracted more interests as the source of such enzymes, one of which is α-amylase. This study aimed to purify and characterize α-amylase produced by a thermo-halophilic bacterium PLS 75 isolated from underwater fumaroles. Ammonium sulfate precipitation results showed that the highest specific α-amylase activity (21.7 U/mg) obtained at 40-60% saturation level, with a purity of 7.7-fold of the crude extract with 16.2% yield. Further purification using DEAE Sepharose column chromatography increased the enzyme purity 11.1-fold of the crude extract with 7.1% yield. Specific activity after column chromatography purification was 31.3 U/mg. The pure enzyme had a low molecular weight of 14 kDa. The enzyme showed the highest activity at 80 °C and pH 5. The activity increased to 126% when in methanol, while decreased when in ethyl acetate and chloroform. The characteristics of α-amylase with low molecular weight, which was active in acidic condition, stable in polar and non-polar solvents, may be used for for specific industrial needs.
Kelimpahan Serangga Predator kutudaun Aphis gossypii di Sentra Tanaman Sayuran di Sumatera Selatan Khodijah -
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3100

Abstract

Aphis gossypii sebagai vektor penyakit virus keriting yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian hingga 35% sebagai hama  sebagai vektor dapat menyebabkan kerugian hingga 90%. Tujuan penelitian  untuk mengeksplorasi dan mengidentifikasi serangga predator  yang ditemukan di Sumatera Selatan. Survei serangga predator dilakukan pada tanaman cabai, tomat, dan mentimun. Hasil survei di  Sumatera Selatan, yaitu  daerah Sukarami, Inderalaya, Tanjung Raja, Gelumbang, Kenten, dan Talang Buruk telah ditemukan dua belas (12) spesies serangga predator A. gossypii yang yaitu, 10 spesies dari famili Coccinellidae, dan satu spesies dari famili Syrphidae dan Chamaemyiidae. Dua belas (12) spesies serangga predator yang ditemukan adalah Coccinella arcuata Fabricius, Coccinella repanda Thunberg, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius), Coelophora maculata Thunberg, Coelophora pupillata Swartz, Verania lineata Thunberg, Verania discolor  Fabricius, Chilocorus ruber Weise, Coelophora reniplagiata Mulsant, Chilocorus sp., Ischidion sp., dan spesies yang tidak dapat diidentifikasikan Chamaemyiidae. Yang paling dominan dari spesies serangga predator  ditemukan adalah M. sexmaculatus. Kelimpahan tertinggi dari predator ditemukan pada cabai. Aphis gossypii as the vector of mosaic virus disease have caused loss of up to 35% as pest and up to 90% as vector. The aim of the research was to explore and identify the predatory insects found in vegetable plants around South Sumatera. The survey was carried out on chilies, tomatoes and cucumbers. Result showed that in South Sumatera, particularly in regions of Sukarami, Inderalaya, Tanjung Raja, Gelumbang, Kenten, and Talang Buruk it have been found twelve (12) species of predatory insects against A. gossypii, in which 10 species were from Coccinellidae family, and one species each were from Syrphidae and Chamaemyiidae families.. The twelve (12) species were Coccinella arcuata Fabricius, Coccinella repanda Thunberg, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius), Coelophora maculata Thunberg, Coelophora pupillata Swartz, Verania lineata Thunberg, Verania discolor Fabricius, Chilocorus ruber Weise, Coelophora reniplagiata Mulsant, Chilocorus sp., Ischidion sp., and one unidentified species from Chamaemyiidae family. The most dominant species was  M. sexmaculatus. The highest abudance of predators was found in chilies. 
Morphology and Anatomy Characteristic of Pisang Awak (Musa paradisiaca cv. Awak) in West Kalimantan Ari Sunandar; Adi Pasah Kahar
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11258

Abstract

Indonesia is the origin and center of diversity of banana. One of an edible banana in Indonesia is Pisang Awak (Musa paradisiaca cv. Awak ). In West Kalimantan, the ripe Pisang Awak has been processed into sale (dried banana). The aims of this research were to describe the morphological and anatomical character of Pisang Awak in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. In this study, Pisang Awak were collected from Padang Tikar I village, Batu Ampar Sub-district, Kubu Raya district, West Kalimantan. Morphological characterizations were conducted by following the instruction on Descriptors for Banana (Musa spp.) from IPGRI. The root, leaf blade, and petiole were fixed in FAA solution. Root, leaf, and petiole anatomy preparats were made by paraffin method. The lamina of Pisang Awak consisted of adaxial epidermis, two hypodermis layers, two palisade layers, spongy layer, bundle sheath cell, abaxial epidermis, laticifer. The petiole of Pisang Awak composed of three tissue systems, i.e., epidermis layer, parenchyma tissue and vascular tissue. The root of Pisang Awak consists of two epidermis layers, parenchyma and vascular cylinder. In the future, morphological and anatomical character in Pisang Awak could be applied as the basis of information for breeding programs of banana cultivars and classification.
Population Dynamics of Pometia for The Period of Post-Selective Logging in Tropical Rainforest, Southern Papua, Indonesia Agustinus Murdjoko; Djoko Marsono; Ronggo Sadono; Suwarno Hadisusanto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.6309

Abstract

Tropical rainforest changed in term of structure, composition and population, resulting from logging. One of target trees during logging is Pometia. Our goals of this research were to answer that (1) How were survival, growth, fecundity and population growth rate (λ) of Pometia within remnant stands?; (2) what were driving factors to explain population dynamics of Pometia within logged forest?. Data were derived from three hectares-permanent sample plot (PSP) in logged forest of PT Tunas Timber Lestari. Integral Projection Models (IPMs) were applied to analyze population dynamics. The study showed dynamically that probability of the individuals of Pometia survived in this area did not significantly differ among their size, while stands showed the significant difference between small and large individuals. The growth of both individuals of Pometia and stands varied significantly in different size. The probability of fecundity both Pometia and stands were significantly different among size. The population of Pometia has been increasing for about a decade as the population of all stands was growing as well. Moreover, the regular documentation of species composition and structure before and after logging is necessary as a control of biodiversity. Therefore, a proper protocol to monitor the biodiversity should be designed by government and disseminated it to logging companies.    How to CiteMurdjoko, A., Marsono, D., Sadono, R. Hadisusanto, S. (2016). Population Dynamics of Pometia for The Period of Post-Selective Logging in Tropical Rainforest, Southern Papua, Indonesia. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(3), 321-330. 
The Histomorphometry of Liver and Kidney of Hyperglycemic Albino Rats after Treatment with Tithonia diversifolia Leaf Extract Rizki Fitrawan Yuneldi; Tyas Rini Saraswati; Enny Yusuf Wachidah Yuniwarti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 2 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i2.29459

Abstract

Tithonia diversifolia can be used as an antidiabetic, so it is necessary to study the safety of its use, especially the side effects on the liver and kidneys. This study aimed to determine the effect of using T. diversifolia leaf extract through histomorphometry observations of the liver and kidneys of hyperglycemic albino rats. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD). This study used 20 male albino rats which were divided into five treatment groups, there were T0 (rat normal/control), T1 (hyperglycemic rat without T. diversifolia leaf extract), T2 (hyperglycemic rat administered with Glibenclamide 10 mg/kg BW), T3 (hyperglycemic rat administered with T. diversifolia leaf extract 150 mg/kg BW), T4 (hyperglycemic rat administered with T. diversifolia leaf extract 300 mg/kg BW). Every treatment was repeated four times. The damage of hepatocyte and the glomerular cell was observed through histological structure observation by histomorphometry method using a photomicrography microscope (Olympus BX51). The results indicate that there were significant differences (P 0.05) in the variable of hepatocytes diameter and there was no significant different (P 0.05) result on glomerular diameter, as well as kidney and liver weight. It was concluded that T. diversifolia leaf extract of 150 mg/kg BW and 300 mg/kg BW are safe to be used as antidiabetic. It does not cause any side effects on the liver and kidneys of hyperglycemic albino rats. Thereby T. diversifolia leaf extract can be further tested as preparation of biopharmaca which can be used as herbal medicines for diabetics.

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