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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
 87   88   89   90   91 
A Preliminary Study of Bryophytes in Enggano Island, Bengkulu, Indonesia Ainun Nadhifah; Muhammad Imam Surya
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.5239

Abstract

Enggano Island is one of the outer islands  that belongs to the Province of Bengkulu. Furthermore, there is very limited information about the diversity of bryophyte from Sumatera, especially in lowland forest, Enggano Island. The aim of this research was to provide the initial information related to the diversity of bryophytes in Enggano. The research was conducted in six forests i.e. primary, secondary and degraded forests. The results showed that 32 number of collection from 14 families, 21 genera, and 32 species were identified. Leceuneaceae was common family for liverworts while the mosses family was dominated by Hypnaceae. None of the hornworts were found in this study. Some species identified (Taxyphyllum sp., Vesicularia sp., Riccardia sp., and Thuidium sp.) have the potential benefit and biological activity. Two genera were new records to Sumatra, Gongylanthus, and Symphyogyna. Moreover, Gongylanthus sp. and Symphyogyna sp. have important records related to the habitat.How to CiteNadhifah, A., Surya, M. I. (2016). A Preliminary Study of Bryophytes in Enggano Island, Bengkulu, Indonesia. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology Biology Education, 8(2), 201-205.
Nutritional Content of Bone Flour Made from Plecos Fish Pterygoplichthys pardalis from the Ciliwung River, Indonesia Handhini Dwi Putri; Dewi Elfidasari; Haninah Haninah; Irawan Sugoro
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.23881

Abstract

Pterygoplichthys pardalis bones that are thrown into the river is one source of pollutants in the Ciliwung River. P. pardalis bones have a high calcium content, they can be used as an alternative raw material for flour. The purpose of this study was to analyze the nutritional content of P. pardalis bone flour from the Ciliwung River. The research method used was a proximate analysis consisting of moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates content analyses. Proximate analysis results showed that the P. pardalis bone plus head flour contained 3% moisture, 35% ash, 34% protein, 23% fat, and 5% carbohydrate. P. pardalis body bone flour contained 4% water, 37% ash, 37% protein, 19% fat, and 3% carbohydrate. Based on the proximate analysis results, P. pardalis bone flours did not met the national standard of SNI 2013 fish flour for quality I, II, and III. Until now, there has been no research that explain the nutritional content of bone flour of P. pardalis from Ciliwung River. This research provides information on the nutritional content of P. pardalis flour. Data obtained from the results of this study can be the basis for consideration in utilizing and processing P.pardalis from the Jakarta Ciliwung River.
The Effect of Seed Position in Pod on The Seed Viability of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) Mochammad Muchlish Adie; Ayda Krisnawati; Ratri Tri Hapsari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i1.17730

Abstract

In Indonesia, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is widely cultivated in the dry climate area. Famers used the seeds from previous plants or traditional markets. The aims of the study were to determine the effect of seed position in the pods on seed viability and to study the seed and seedling characteristics regarding the genetic variation and seed position. The cowpea used in this study was from 18 Indonesian local varieties. Twenty-five matured pods were randomly detached from each variety. Each pod was divided into three parts, i.e. the lower third (base), the middle third, and the upper third (tip). The seeds of each part were germinated using sand media to evaluate their viability. Each local variety has different response to the percentage of seed viability in each seed position in the pod. The highest abnormal germination occurred in the seed from lower part of the pod, followed by seed in the middle of the pod and the tip of the pod. The variation of seed viability in pods was more determined by genetic differences in local varieties. The average seed viability from three parts of the pods was highest for seeds originated from local varieties of Lumajang and Sampang. Therefore, it is recommended that the seeds of both local varieties can be mixed to be used for optimum cowpea cultivation. 
In Vitro Propagation of Bambusa balcooa as Alternative Material of Wood Siti Nurhayani; Rita Megia; Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.11079

Abstract

A diversion of raw material from wood to bamboo is necessary. In vitro culture of bamboo can be used to provide a high number of seedling. The aim of this study was to increase the multiplication of a high quality Bambusa balcooa as a wood alternative material. Part of plants used was the sterile axillary shoot. The explants were planted on MS0 medium for 2 weeks and later on multiplication medium MS+0.3 mg/l BAP + 0.3mg/l TDZ. The shoots obtained were fragmented into clusters (3-5 shoots) used for the next multiplication stage using five different medium formulas: (1) MS0; MS containing: (2) 0.1 mg/l BAP, (3) 0.3 mg/l BAP, (4) 0.1 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l TDZ and (5) 0.3 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l TDZ. The results showed that MS medium containing 0.1 mg/l BAP + 0.1mg/l TDZ was the best medium for B. balcooa propagation. The shoots produced from aforementioned medium had a better quality compared to the other medium. Forty days after planting, the average number of shoots in this medium was 14.25. MS medium containing 0.3 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l TDZ produced the highest number of shoot but in lower quality. Rooting medium containing 10 mg/l IBA + 5 mg/l NAA produced 9-16 root in 8 weeks. Vermicompost was more prevalent for the acclimatization of B. balcooa compared to compost. The use of B.balcooa resulted in in vitro propagation as a substitute alternative for wood is expected to save the environment from illegal logging.  
Efek Inokulasi Bakteri Micrococcus luteus Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Benang dan Kandungan Isoflavon pada Proses Pengolahan Tempe (Effect Inoculation of Micrococcus luteus to Growth of Mold and Content Isoflavone at Tempe Processing) Siti Harnina Bintari; Anisa Dyah P; Veronika Eka J; Rivana Citra R
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.43

Abstract

Tempe content of aglikon isoflavone which have potency to as anticancer compound. During processing of tempe, beside tempe mold (Rhizopus oligosporus) share other microbial namely bacterium. One of the bacterium residing at tempe ecosystem is Micrococcus luteus, having the character of gram positive and can conduct genistein biotransformation and daidzein become factor II compound (6,7,4-tri hydroksi isoflavone). Its problems how amount of R.oligosporus cell and M. luteus at processing of tempe associated is full scale of yielded tempe isoflavone. The study aimed to improve full scalely tempe aglikon isoflavone through inoculation of M.luteus bacteria. Used complete random designd, with M.luteus bacteria, as independent variable and variable depended is the amount of mold cell (R..oligosporus), amount of full scale M.luteus cell and total of isoflavone. Result of one way Anava indicate that inoculation of M.luteus bacteria do not degrade the amount of R.oligosporus cell with F call (53,28) F tab (3,10) at significancy level 5%. Amount of M.luteus cell from 1,3 x 109 cell / gr [at] fermentation first becomes 3,4 x 106 cell/gr and decrease after day fermentation second becoming 1,75 x 106 cell/gr. Proportion of increasing isoflavone content at day fermentation 1-2 from 19,1 becoming 52,7 mg/100gr. Inoculation of M. luteus bacteria increased to count isoflavone aglicone and no trouble at growth of tempe mold and it relate to the increasing of is full scale of yielded tempe isoflavone.
Characterization of Ethanolic Extract of Streptomyces sp. as a Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors Produced by Endophytic Streptomyces sp. AEBg12 Lenni Fitri; Anja Meryandini; Dyah Iswantini; Yulin Lestari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.8907

Abstract

Endophytic Streptomyces sp. AEBg12 isolated from Zingiber cassumunar (Bangle) is known to produce pancreatic lipase inhibitory compound. However, the characteristics of this active compound has not been reported yet. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of pancreatics inhibitory compound produced by Streptomyces sp. AEBg12 and to assess the role of endophytic actinobacteria in producing pancreatic lipase inhibitor using endophytic-free bangle tissue culture, wild bangle and compared with the activity of Streptomyces sp. AEBg12 endophytes. Supernatant of Streptomyces sp. AEBg12 was extracted using ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvents. Toxicity test was performed using larvae of shrimp Artemia salina. The results showed that the best solvent to obtain pancreatic lipase inhibitor compounds was ethanol. Phytochemical analysis showed that ethanolic extract of endophytic Streptomyces sp. AEBg12 contained flavonoids. IC50 value of ethanol extract was 180.83 µg/ml. The result of TLC showed that ethanolic extract of Streptomyces AEBg12 had a blue luminescence band indicated that there were either flavone, flavanones, flavonols or isoflavones. Inhibitory activity of Streptomyces sp. AEBg12 was higher than wild bangle and bangle tissue culture. The information from this study can be be used as a basic data for further characterization of the active compound, which might be developed as an antiobesity agent through its pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity.
Analysis of Proximate and Protein Profile of Kefir from Fermented Goat and Cow Milk Erwin Hidayat; Irna Kinayungan W; Muhammad Irhas; Fathurrahman Sidiq
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 2 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i2.3950

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the characteristics of proximate and protein profile in kefir from fermented goat milk and cow milk with different concentration of kefir grains. The research design was true experimental with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of 3 repetitions. The research procedures consisted of kefir production, proximate analysis and protein profile characterization. Proximate assay result was analyzed by using LSD, whereas the protein profile was analyzed by descriptive qualitative method. Based on the analysis of kefir proximate levels, the kefir grain (5%) showed the highest proximate level of both kefirs from goat milk and cow milk. The analysis of protein profile of cow milk kefir showed 75 kDa of protein ribbon, while the goat milk kefir showed 48 kDa, 60 kDa and 75 kDa. Therefore it can be concluded that the proximate level of goat and cow milk kefir with different concentration of kefir grains showed significant differences in the nutrition content as well as its protein profiles.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis karakteristik proksimat dan profil protein pada kefir hasil fermentasi susu kambing dan susu sapi dengan konsentrasi biji kefir yang berbeda-beda. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimen murni, dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 3 kali ulangan. Prosedur penelitian meliputi pembuatan kefir, analisis proksimat dan profil protein. Data hasil proksimat dianalisi uji BNT, sedangkan profil protein dianalisis deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan analisis kadar proksimat kefir, kefir grains 5% menunjukan kadar proksimat paling tinggi baik pada kefir susu kambing dan susu sapi. Sedangkan analisis profil protein kefir susu sapi menunjukan pita protein 75 kDa, pada kefir susu kambing yaitu 48 kDa, 60 kDa dan 75 kDa. Simpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa kadar proksimat kefir susu kambing dan susu sapi dengan konsentrasi kefir grains yang berbeda menunjukan perbedaan kandungan yang berbeda secara signifikan dengan konsentrasi kefir grains yang paling optimal yaitu 5%. Sedangkan profil protein kefir susu sapi ditemukan pita protein yaitu 75 kDa, dan kefir susu kambing yaitu 48 kDa, 60 kDa dan 75 kDa.
The Cytogenetic Effects on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Cancer Patients After Radiation Therapy: Chromosome Aberrations and Micronuclei Yanti Lusiyanti; Harry Nugroho Eko Surniyantoro; Nastiti Rahajeng; Viria Agesti Suvifan; Sofiati Purnami; Lina Choridah
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 13, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i1.25264

Abstract

Individual responses to radiotherapy are often observed whether or not regimes with identical treatments were applied. Patient-related factors, the therapeutic process, and therefore the intrinsic factors of individual radiosensitivity are considered to be causing the variability of side effects. A preliminary evaluation was done on cytogenetic biomarkers found in cancer patients. The purpose of this present study was to assess the individual response of patients with cancers after radiation therapy. The sample obtained from 11 patients with different types of cancer as a case group and 12 people as a control group from a healthy volunteer. Blood samples were stimulated by an in vitro culture using phytohemagglutinin, and the cultures were assessed by using the Dicentric and Cytokinesis- Block Micronucleus (CBMN-) assay. These two methods were compared. The results showed that the overall dicentric chromosome and micronuclei in binucleate cells (MN/BNC) have a significantly higher frequency in the breast, head, and neck compared to extremity cancer. A high frequency of micronuclei in lymphocyte patients was seen after radiotherapy treatment but relatively not much higher compared to the range of micronuclei backgrounds in healthy people The CBMN is the most effective assay for evaluation of the cytogenetic studies in cancer patients because it is more radiosensitive to study individual responses. By evaluating the effects of radiotherapy based on DNA damage, the severity of radiation exposure can be studied. This study can be useful for researchers and related stakeholders in the application of radiotherapy.
Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida) Hory Iramaya Dillak; Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani; Sri Kasmiyati
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 11, No 3 (2019): December 2019
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.20736

Abstract

Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida) is a medicinal plant used by the people of East Nusa Tenggara to treat lumbago, liver dysfunction and to restore the stamina. The research aims were to determine the qualitative and quantitative content of flavonoids, phenols, and tannins, as well as to examine the antioxidant activity of roots, stem barks, leaves, fruits and seeds extracts of faloak plant. Each organ was extracted with ethanol 70% using the maceration method. The qualitative content of bioactive compounds was determined using the phytochemical screening method. The determination of bioactive compounds concentration was using spectrophotometric methods and antioxidant activity was using the DPPH method. The result of phytochemical screening showed that all of the extracts were exhibit phenols compounds, but the flavonoids and tannins were only found in roots, barks, leaves, and fruits extracts. The quantitative content of total flavonoids of roots, barks, leaves, fruits, and seeds was 48.09; 62.76; 12.56; 11.91 and 1.55 mg/g, while the phenols total content were 82.90; 45.37; 3.43; 29.50 and 2.89 mg/g. Tannins total content were 71.26; 59.64; 10.52; 13.18 and 14.12 mg/g samples respectively. The stem barks and roots extracts showed a very strong antioxidant activity, while leaves, fruits, and seeds extracts belong to the strong category.  The potential of faloak as an antioxidant has been widely studied, especially in the stem bark. Studies on the antioxidant activity of roots, leaves, fruits, and seeds can provide new information about the benefits of phaloac plants as a source of natural antioxidants.
Changes of Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activity in Soybean Seeds Harvested from Phakopsora pachyrhizi Infected Crops Eriyanto Yusnawan; Novita Nugrahaeni; Joko Susilo Utomo
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14481

Abstract

Asian soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is one of the most destructive foliar diseases on soybean. Severe infection of this disease causes early defoliation and reduces the yield. To determine the response of soybean genotypes to this disease and the changes of metabolites in seeds, a greenhouse study was conducted using eight Indonesian soybean cultivars, i.e. Malabar, Wilis, Ringgit, Pangrango, Argomulyo, Grobogan, Dena 1, and Dena 2. The experiment was arranged in a randomized completely block design and repeated three times. The soybean crops were inoculated with the pathogen and another set was not inoculated. Infection of P. pachyrhizi reduced fresh biomass, seed weight per plant, and weight of 100 seeds. However, total flavonoid contents in seeds increased from 12 to 50% in all infected genotypes. The increase of daidzein from 27 to 67% in seeds was observed, except for Malabar and Argomulyo . The increase of genistein was genotypic dependence. The increase of total phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity was also depending on the genotypes. P. pachyrhizi could be one of the biotic elicitors to increase total flavonoid contents in soybean seeds. Dena 1 less suffered from the rust infection as represented by the least pustule number, less reduction in seed weight and weight of 100 seeds. Secondary metabolites particularly phenolics and isoflavones in seeds of this cultivar increased significantly after the rust infection. This cultivar could be considered as an alternative tolerant genotype where cultivated area is favorable for soybean rust infection.

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