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Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : 1907817X EISSN : 25500023 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

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Articles 600 Documents

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A Brief of Water and Soil Pollution Management (Recent Trend and Economic Perspective) Muhammad Safri; Nurhayani Nurhayani; Desy Rosarina
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 18, No 2 (2021): July 2021
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Soil and water pollution are the most crucial issues in the world. Various reports have informed that pollution has had long-term adverse effects on environmental sustainability and human health. Several methods have been reported to be effective in reducing pollutant parameters in water and soil. The methods often used in water and soil remediation are bioremediation (land-vetting, bio-cell. Bio cell, Phytoremediation, Land venting, Composite, Bio venting, Bio slurry), Adsorption, Pretreatment (Ultrasonic), Microwave, Electrokinetic disintegration, High-Pressure Homogenization/HPH, Thermal Hydrolysis, Acid hydrolysis (HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4, and HNO3), Ozonation, Fenton Oxidation, Fe (II) -activated persulfate, Protease, amylase, lipase. This paper will explain water and soil pollution and the methods used to overcome them. Information collection is carried out using secondary data; internationally reputable journals and accredited national journals are used to obtain information about the effectiveness and costs incurred. This paper will provide a holistic comparison of prices, effectiveness, and information on various remediating water and soil pollution methods around the world. Based on the NPV and IRR analysis, the water treatment method using the adsorption method is an economically feasible method with an IRR value of 51%.

Compost Solid-phase Microbial Fuel Cell (CSMFC) Performance using Graphene and Graphite as Electrodes Putri, Soraya Annisa; Confera, Akbar Nugroho; Syafrudin, Syafrudin; Ramadan, Bimastyaji Surya
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 17, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Organic waste is a type of waste produced by many sector, which need to managed appropriately. During its development, composting is one of the organic waste management efforts that is often be applied, Another alternative organic waste management in the form of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) has emerged. Several researchers conducted studies on MFC performance which was influenced by many factors, especially the electrode which contributes to the electron transfer process. This study has a concern about energy optimization through CSMFC technology using different electrodeâ€™s material. Electrode materials from Graphene and Graphit has good electro-conductivity and has a large surface area, making it suitable for bacteria to adhere. The sampled reactors are consists of two types of electrodesÂ in the form of graphite and graphene. Each materials has anode and cathode ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. The samples measured into three kinds, which called a mature compost measurement, electrochemical measurement, and biochemical measurement. Some collected sampling data were then processed and analyzed statistically using SPSS software. The processed and analyzed data included the calculation of power density, total N, C/N ratio, and moisture content. Any data like voltage (V) and electric current (I) are needed to obtain a power density. The highest average voltage, current, power and power density are produced by the N3 reactor (graphene 3:1) that is 269 x 10-3 V, 163 x 10-6 A, 56 x 10-6 Watt and 1.914 x 10-3 W / m2. There is no significant effect of variations in the type of electrode (graphite and graphene) on CSMFC performances.

Analysis of Chemical Properties and Heavy Metals from Cisadane River, Tangerang, Indonesia Desy Rosarina; Ellysa Kusuma Laksanawati; Dewi Rosanti
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 18, No 1 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

This paper explained heavy metals and chemical properties from the Cisadane River in Tangerang City. A survey method was used to determine the place for sampling the test material. Water measurement is carried out in situ and laboratory tests. Data retrieval was done by purposive sampling determining three observation stations, namely in the Taman Gajah Tunggal park area (station1), Babakan Cikokol residential area (station 2), and Karawaci paper mill area (station 3). The analysis was carried out exactly using analysis. Namely, analysis carried out in the laboratory. The parameters observed were COD, phosphate, DO, BOD, pH. Results of this study informed the water quality in the Cisadane City river did not meet Class II Water Quality Standards based on Government Regulation Number 82, the year 2001. The COD content only meets class II water quality standards at stations 1 and 3. BOD and phosphate content is high and exceeds class II water quality standards. Heavy metal content still meets the water quality standard threshold with a value of Cd less than 0.01 mg/L, Cu less than 0.02 mg/L, Pb less than 0.03mg/L, and Cr less than 0.05mg/L. Zn content exceeds the water quality standard threshold at station three and meets water quality standards at stations 1 and 2 with a value of less than 0.05mg/L.

Efektivitas Hidroponik Tanaman Bunga Kana, Kayu Apu serta Ampas Kopi dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Greywater Domestik Nurhidayanti, Nisa; Ardiatma, Dodit
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 17, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Pelita Bangsa University is a developing private university in Bekasi Regency with an increasing number of students every year. The problem with the increasing number of students causes the domestic waste water produced to also increase. The purpose of this study was to determine the hydroponic effectiveness of Kana Flower and Apu wood and coffee grounds in reducing BOD, TSS, Oil and Fat of domestic greywater waste. The stages of the research method began with making activated charcoal from coffee grounds, taking wastewater samples, testing wastewater, acclimatizing plants, range finding tests, testing phytoreactors with activated carbon filters, and continuing with data analysis. The results of testing the parameters of domestic greywater waste with an activated carbon filter from coffee grounds for seven days obtained a final value of TSS <2.5 mg/l, BOD 23 mg/l, Oil and Fat of <0.1 mg/l, pH 7.61 and TDS of 286 ppm. The test results have met the quality standards for domestic wastewater according to the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number 68 of 2016. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the effectiveness of reducing the concentration of several parameters from the phytoremediation process with activated carbon filters from coffee grounds was a decrease in TSS of 98.20%, BOD 76.04%, oil and fat 0%, pH 0.39% and TDS 29.03%.

Synthesis and Characterization of Biodiesel from Tofu Dregs Oil through Esterification and Transesterification Irradiated by Microwave Niyar Candra Agustin; Ricka Prasdiantika; Yustika Kusumawardani
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 18, No 1 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Biodiesel has become an alternative energy source that continues to be developed. In this research, biodiesel synthesis from tofu dregs oil has been carried out through two stages of the reaction, namely the esterification stage using H2SO4 catalyst to reduce the content of FFA (Free Fatty Acid) and the transesterification stage using KOH catalyst to produce biodiesel. The esterification reaction using 2% H2SO4 catalyst was carried out by microwave heating at power variation of the microwave power 150, 300, 450, 600, 800 Watt with a reaction time of 10 minutes. The transesterification reaction was carried out with variations in microwave power of 150, 300, 450, 600, 800 watts and variations of the reaction time of 5, 10,15,20, and 25 minutes. Biodiesel products were characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), Hydrogen-1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) spectrometer, and feasibility test with the American Standard for Testing Material (ASTM). The characterization results showed that tofu dregs oil biodiesel has been successfully synthesized. The optimum biodiesel was achieved at 600 Watt microwave power with a reaction time of 20 minutes at 92%. The formation of biodiesel is evidenced by several methyl ester peaks, namely methyl oleate (59.98%), methyl linolenic (28.13%), methyl palmitate (8.54%), and methyl stearate (2.32%). Based on the results of ASTM biodiesel tofu dregs oil has met SNI-04-7182-2006 standards, namely the specific density parameter 60/60 ° F (0.87 g/cm3), kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C (4.3 mm2/s), pour point (8 °C), flash point (202 °C) and cloud point (7 )° C for biodiesel.

Kinerja Microbial Fuel Cell dengan Variasi Hambatan Eksternal dalam Menghasilkan Energi Listrik dan Menyisihkan Senyawa Organik pada Limbah Cair Hidayat, Syarif; Aghnia, Dini Widyani; Kardena, Edwan; Helmy, Qomarudin
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 17, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

wastewater into direct electrical energy. In this study, the applied external resistance in the MFC reactor was optimized to determine its optimum conditions in generating electrical energy and removing organic compounds in wastewater. The MFC reactor's performance was evaluated by cell potential, power density, Coulombic efficiency (CE), and organic removal efficiency. The purpose of measuring these parameters is to determine the MFC reactor's performance in producing electrical energy and removing organic compounds for each experiment variation. Biochemical tests were carried out to choose the type of microorganisms in the anode electrode. This measurement is essential for the optimization of environmental conditions for subsequent experiments. MFC reactor with 100 Î© was selected as an optimum condition since it produced the highest power density and efficiency organic removal. In this condition, the CE value was 57%, slightly lower than the MFC reactor with an external resistance of 50 Î©, 65%. Based on biochemical tests, microorganisms that grow on the anode electrode were closed to the Clostridium (Clostridium sp1 and Clostridium sp2), a type of bacteria that belongs to the class of the exoelectrogen. The results showed that the applied external resistance influenced the performance of the MFC reactor. Thus the selection of the proper external resistance is an essential factor in the MFC reactor's operation.

The Effectiveness of Reducing COD, TSS, and Detergent using Banana Stem Filter Media in the Wastewater Treatment of Motor Vehicles Waste Treatment Yustika Kusumawardani; Soehartono Soehartono; Sri Subekti
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 18, No 1 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

The development of the area around the river continues to increase in line with the pace of development to improve community welfare. Likewise, with small-scale motorized vehicle washing businesses that are widely located on the riverbank, if there is no processing, there is a concern that it will also pollute the river. One of the requirements for an effective wastewater treatment plant is minimal maintenance and costs and safe and easy operation. The cellulose content and hygroscopic ability of banana stems make banana stems usable as a porous medium. Based on previous research, banana stem filter media can reduce TSS concentration and detergent for motorized vehicle washing wastewater. This research uses descriptive quantitative research methods. The test variables were the concentrations of COD, TSS, and detergent. This study aims to design WWTP using banana stem filters and to determine the effectiveness of WWTP in reducing the test parameters. The analysis results show that the WWTP of banana stem filter media can be used to treat motorized vehicle washing wastewater with an average value of the effectiveness of reducing the overall test parameters by 51%. The percentage of the best reduction effectiveness was 77% in the TSS parameter on day 4. The average reduction effectiveness of each COD parameter was 48%, TSS 55%, and detergent was 51%.

Potensi Kandungan Gas Metana sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif di TPA Kebon Kongok Abdullah, Taufik; Hidayat, Nur Rosman; Sholehah, Hijriati
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 17, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Waste management in West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government focuses on two main things, namely the reduction and handling and providing of TPA which is still operated with an open dumping system. Application of an open system in TPA will cause many problems, including air pollution by methane gas and the greenhouse effect. This study aims to determine the potential methane gas content of the Kebon Kongok landfill as an alternative energy source by modelling using LandGEM. The data in this study consisted of the year of the TPA operation plan and the annual data on the waste generation of TPA. The results showed that the potential content of methane gas was 12,999,633.62 m3/year, or equivalent to 14,520.88 MWh/year, in the form of gas as much as 9,966.38 Megagrams of LPG/ year. Therefore, the Kebon Kongok TPA has the potential to be used as a power plant fuelled by methane gas and facilitates electricity connections for the surrounding community because when compared to other existing renewable energy plants in the Lombok Electricity System, the capacity of 1.66 Megawatts was alreadyÂ equivalent to the power generationÂ capacity which are already operating commercially.

Decontamination of Mercury from Mined Soil using Magnetite Functionalized Quaternary Ammonium Silica (Fe3O4/SAK) Ngatijo Ngatijo; Defia Indah Permatasari; Faizar Farid; Restina Bemis; Heriyanti Heriyanti; Rahmat Basuki; Yudha Gusti Wibowo
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 18, No 1 (2021): March 2021
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASCGM) has caused mercury contamination. However, efforts to decontaminate mercury from the ex-mining soils are still rare. This study aims to synthesize quaternary ammonium silica functionalized magnetite (Fe3O4/SAK) as a low price, highly available, and quickly separated adsorbent for mercury decontamination from ex-mining soils samples. The synthesis of Fe3O4/SAK and the mercury decontamination process was carried out by the co-precipitation and batch type reactor procedure, respectively. The Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) characterization of synthesized Fe3O4/SAK informed the appearance of siloxane, silanol, methyl, methylene, and Fe-O functional groups. Crystal analysis by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed that the typical peaks of SiO2 and Fe3O4 were emerged at 2θ 22.8˚ and 35.52˚, respectively. Morphological studies and elemental analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) indicated the successful functionalization Fe3O4 by SAK in the transformation of surface morphology and composition of the main elements, namely C, O, Si, and Fe. The results of characterization using Surface Area Analyzer (SAA) showed that the surface area and pore diameters were 224.98 m2/g and 36.149-38.70 Å, respectively. The optimum results for adsorbing Hg22+ metal ions were obtained at pH 4.0, and the adsorbent mass was 0.1 g. The Fe3O4/SAK has been proven to be an easily separable adsorbent after the mercury decontamination process in ex-mining soil samples with an adsorption efficiency of 43.36% (0.722 mg/g).

Analisis Kebutuhan Bak Penampung Lumpur IPA sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Sari, Deasy Ambar; Kamulyan, Budi; Triatmodjo, Bambang
Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan Vol 17, No 3 (2020): November 2020
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Sand Drying Bed (SDB) is designed for reducing the potential environmental impact caused by Water Treatment Plants â€“ WTP residuals. Currently, the technical document of SNI (Indonesian National Standard) is still difficult to be applied by the engineer in determining required SDBâ€™s volume based on WTPâ€™s capacity and raw water conditions. The purpose of this research is to analyze WTPâ€™s sludge production for designing SDBâ€™s volume. The research was taken place at Pajangan WTP (50 l/s capacity) and Bantar System of Kartamantul WTP (400 l/s capacity) in Yogyakarta Special Province, which use Progo River as raw water source. The data used in the analysis is raw water turbidity compilation data, TSS (Total Suspended Solid) fluctuations rate of raw water, coagulant dosage used, specific gravity range of dried sludge and imhoff settling ratio based on laboratory tests. The results obtained show that one-year production of dry sludge on Pajangan WTP Unit is estimated to reach 244.55Â m3/year from the total number of WTP residual (water and sludge) produced of around 43,158.52Â m3/year. Meanwhile, the dry sludge produced on Kartamantul WTP Unit is estimated to reach 1,550.49Â m3/year from the total number of WTP residual produced of around 273,635.22 m3/year. Then, each of Pajangan and Kartamantul WTP unit produced about 2.365Â m3/day and 1.874Â m3/day sludge for every 1Â liter/second of raw water. This large amount of sludge leads the SDB has to be better designed.

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