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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
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Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science" : 10 Documents clear
Effectiveness of Various Foliar Fertilizer on the Growth and Performance of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Seedlings in Main Nurseries Sukmawan, Yan; Riniarti, Dewi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.1-7

Abstract

Fertilizer can be applied through soil and leaves. Fertilizer application through leaves is more effective than soil application due to faster nutrient absorption. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of applying various foliar fertilizer compositions on the growth and performance of oil palm seedlings. The research was conducted from April 2020 to September 2020 at the Oil Palm Nursery Unit at Politeknik Negeri Lampung. A single factor in a completely randomized design with four replications was used in the experiment. The treatment involved the nutrient composition of foliar fertilizer consisting of five levels, namely control (no fertilizer), NPK 20-15-15, NPK 27-18-9, NPK 11-8-6, and NPK 27.5-5.5-4.8. Measurements were made on seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf greenness, rachis length, and leaflet length. The data were analyzed by means of variance, followed by orthogonal contrast if the result was significantly different. The results showed that the application of foliar fertilizers could increase the growth of seedling height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf greenness index, rachis length, and leaflet length. Generally, a foliar fertilizer application gives better results than without a foliar fertilizer application (control). There was no difference in the powder and liquid foliar fertilizer effect on increasing the growth of oil palm seedlings. The formulation of NPK 20-15-15 and NPK 11-8-6 foliar fertilizer had a better effect on the leaf greenness index of oil palm seedlings.
Fruit Quality of Guava (Psidium guajava ‘Kristal’) under Different Fruit Bagging Treatments and Altitudes of Growing Location Widyastuti, R.A.D.; Budiarto, Rahmat; Hendarto, Kus; Warganegara, Hayane Adeline; Listiana, Indah; Haryanto, Yoyon; Yanfika, Helvi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.8-14

Abstract

Fruit quality is an important aspect that requires attention and more study when it comes to commercializing tropical fruits, including guava ‘Kristal’. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of bagging treatment and altitude of growing orchard on fruit quality of guava (Psidium guajava var. ‘Kristal’). This study was conducted at two local orchards managed by small-scale farmers, at Gunung Batu (1000 meters above sea level, m asl) and Brajaselebah (25 m asl), Lampung Province, Indonesia. A nested design was applied to test 5 types of bagging treatments and 2 levels of land altitude. Fruit quality was assessed by measuring both physical and chemical characteristics. Fruit size indicated by fruit weight and diameter was significantly larger in lowland compared to highland. The total soluble solids (TSS) were significantly higher in the lowland compared to the highland, while titratable acid (TA) showed an opposite result. Vitamin C of the fruits varied from140 to 146 mg per 100 g. Different types of fruit bagging and land altitudes did not affect the physical and chemical characteristics of “Kristal” guava fruits. Fruit scar intensity was higher in lowland, especially in fruit without bagging. Fruit bagging is highly recommended for farmers due to the success of this treatment to reduce fruit scar intensity, thus resulting in good fruit quality, irrespective of the growing locations.
The Effects of Preharvest Mild Shading on the Quality and Production of Essential Oil from Kaffir Lime Leaves (Citrus hystrix) Budiarto, Rahmat; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Santosa, Edi; Efendi, Darda; Agusta, Andria
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.15-21

Abstract

Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC) is a less popular citrus species commonly used as a food spice and a source of essential oil. Early studies report the success of preharvest mild shading to increase leaf yield, although there is still limited information on the effect of preharvest shading on the quality of essential oil produced. The aim of this current study is to evaluate the effect of preharvest mild shading factors on the yield, physical characteristics, and metabolite fingerprinting of kaffir lime leaves essential oil (KLLEO). One-year-old kaffir lime trees were sampled in two preharvest treatments, i.e., open sun and mild shading (24% light reduction) at Pasir Kuda experimental field, Bogor, Indonesia. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant effect of preharvest treatment on yield and physical characteristics (color, specific gravity, and refractive index) of KLLEO. In contrast, there was a metabolite fingerprinting variation of KLLEO as an effect of mild shading. The relative percentage of bergamol, citronellol, caryophyllene oxide, citronellic acid, isopulegol, isopulegyl formate, limonene, linalool, and linalool oxide was increased by mild shading. On the other hand, the main metabolite (citronellal) was significantly reduced by about 10% in shading treatment, as compared to the open-sun ones.
Development of Rapid Vigor Test Using Urine Sugar Analysis Paper for Soybean (Glycine max L.) Seeds Rukundo, Jean D’amour; Suhartanto, M. Rahmad; Ilyas, Satriyas
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.22-30

Abstract

Seed vigor is an essential parameter of seed quality. It plays a critical value in the decision-making for the seeds to be used in agronomic and horticultural crops. The urinary sugar analysis paper (USAP) test determines seed vigor based on leakage concentration from the seed and corresponding color change of the USAP, which are obtained after soaking the seeds in water. This research was conducted from January 2021 to November 2021, intending to develop a rapid soybean vigor test using USAP, and it was composed of two experiments. Soybean seeds of the Biosoy1 variety were obtained from ICABIOGRAD (Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development). The seeds consisted of three different levels of seed lots (low, medium, and high viability with 35%, 64%, and 94% germination percentages, respectively). The first experiment was to determine moisture content and soaking period for the USAP seed vigor test. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor as the combination of three seed lots, two levels of seed moisture content (10-12% and 13-14%), and four levels of the soaking period (0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The second experiment was the optimization of the soaking period by seed number. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with one factor, which was combinations of three seed lots, three levels of seed numbers (50, 75, and 100 seeds), and the soaking period (four levels as 0, 6, 8, and 10 hours). The data were analyzed statistically by the Minitab package. The result showed that both combinations of 10-12% and 13-14% moisture content with the soaking period of 10 hours effectively differentiated the three seed lots into three vigor levels using USAP. Experiment 2 optimized the soaking period from 10 hours to 8 hours by using 100 seeds. The USAP color change was effectively significant to indicate seed lot vigor levels, mainly based on protein leakage concentration on USAP. The color changes from pale yellow-green for higher vigor seed lot to light greenish-blue for low vigor. The USAP was effective for the soybean vigor test for the seed lot with 10-14% moisture content by soaking 100 seeds into 50 ml of distilled water for 8 hours. The USAP is a promising rapid vigor test method but still needs to be developed further.
Morphology and Starch Production Potential of Sago Palm Found in Village Haripau, East Mimika Subdistrict, Mimika, Papua Province, Indonesia Nurulhaq, Muhammad Iqbal; Bintoro, Muhammad Hasjim; Supijatno, Supijatno
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.31-38

Abstract

Papua, Indonesia is the largest sago palm (Metroxylon spp) distribution area in the world. Most (85%) of the total sago area in the world is in Indonesia, and 95% of the sago area in Indonesia is in Papua and West Papua. Field observation of accessions of sago palm was conducted at the sago growing area at Hiripau village. The aim of the study was to determine the diversity of sago palm accessions from Hiripau village and compare their morphology and starch production. Based on interviews with the local farmers, the four accessions of sago palm that dominated the Hiripau area are Nakowai, Mapartaro, Tuhai, and Korearipi. These accessions vary in the spine characteristics, features of the trunk, leaf, pith, and starch production. Sago Mapartaro leaves are the largest (23.56 m2) and the leaflet areas are almost twice the size of the other accessions. Tuhai has the highest starch yield but it has high ash content resulting in low starch quality.
A Meta-Analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Stay-Green in Sorghum Aquib, Ahmed; Nafis, Shadma
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.39-46

Abstract

A strong association between stay-green and post-flowering drought tolerance in sorghum has been established previously. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to find relevant genetic intervals that regulate stay-green in sorghum and thereby affect drought resilience. Meta-QTL analysis was performed to combine 115 QTLs mapped in previous studies and locate regions where recurrent QTLs occurred across experiments. This approach overcomes the constraints of a single QTL association experiment by increasing heterogeneity in populations and environments. The analysis included the construction of consensus maps, QTL projection, and QTL clustering. We report 32 Meta-QTL for stay-green and their position relative to genetic markers on the sorghum genome. The results from this study will facilitate future attempts aiming to improve and understand drought tolerance in Sorghum by the use of fine mapping and marker-assisted selection.
Comparing the Genetic Parameters of Three Rice Varieties on Suboptimal Land Using the SRI Method Rozen, Nalwida; Kasim, Musliar; Dwipa, Indra; Hervani, Dini
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.47-51

Abstract

The conversion of fertile land into industrial areas and construction development has contributed to the decline of rice production in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the rice fields to the sub-optimal land, i.e. lands with high levels of Fe and Al and low soil pH. One of the solutions that can potentially solve the problem is choosing varieties of rice that can adapt to the suboptimal land environment; the rice varieties can be obtained by estimating rice genetic parameters and selecting the optimal planting methods. One method that can potentially improve rice yield is “System of Rice Intensification”, or SRI method. Our study was conducted in the rice fields on suboptimal land at Pasar Ambacang, Kuranji District, Padang, Sumatra, from December 2019 to April 2020. The aims of the experiment are to determine the genetic parameters and responses of the three rice varieties to suboptimal land using the SRI method. A complete randomized design with four replications was used to set up the experiment using three varieties of rice, i.e. “Batang Piaman”, “Bujang Marantau”, and “IPB3S”. Based on the plant growth measurement and analysis of the genetic parameters, we found that the plant growth characters, particularly height and panicles length, had high heritability and genetic progression values.
Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Two Varieties of Young Winged Beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) at Two Harvest Ages Susanti, Destia; Melati, Maya; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.52-67

Abstract

The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) is a member of the Fabaceae family (beans). Winged bean is developed as a vegetable, and young winged bean pods can be consumed fresh, steamed, fried, or pickled. In Southeast Asia, winged bean pods are generally cooked or consumed as side dishes or salad. Winged bean contains high protein content equivalent to soybean seed. Besides being rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals, the winged bean also has secondary metabolites, including phenolics and flavonoids. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in young pods of two varieties, “Fairuz” and “Sandi”, at two different harvest ages of 8 and 10 days after anthesis (DAA) and provide the biological activity on each identified compound. The experiment was conducted at the IPB experimental field at Leuwikopo, Bogor, from September 2020 to February 2021. The identification of secondary metabolites of the young green pods “Fairuz”, and the young purple pods “Sandi”, was performed using the GCMS method at the Regional Health Laboratory (KESDA) DKI Jakarta. The results of the GCMS analysis showed that 1,2-enzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-Ethylhexyl) ester was the most abundant compound identified from pods harvested at 8 DAA in both varieties, namely 42.26% in “Fairuz” and 26.66% in “Sandi”. Other compounds, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z, Z, Z) (Linoleic acid ester), were found in “Fairuz”, whereas (9E,12E)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Linoleic acid) was found in “Sandi”; these compounds are hydroxyl group and phenolic glucoside compounds and are found in pods harvested at 10 DAA.
Forage Potential of Plant Species Found in Various Ecosystems in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia Kanny, Putri Irene; Chozin, M.A.; Santosa, Edi; Guntoro, Dwi; Zaman, Sofyan; Suwarto, Suwarto; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.68-76

Abstract

Forage is an important component in sustainable smallholder livestock. The purpose of the study was to identify the diversity of natural plant species in various ecosystems, as well as their potential as forage. Based on our surveys of palm oil plantation, rubber plantation, and home gardens using the quadrant method, we identified approximately 50 species comprising the natural vegetation of our study area. Out of 50, we identified 39 broad-leaved species, 9 grasses (Poaceae) species, and 2 sedges (Cyperaceae) species. The palm oil plantation had 29 species dominated by Ottochloa nodosa (11.92%) and Asystasia gangetica (11.40%); 25 species were found in the rubber plantation dominated by Cynodon dactylon (28.42%) and Panicum repens (9.20%), and home gardens contained 30 species dominated by Eleusine indica (13.39%) and Ageratum conyzoides (9.60%). Among the 29 species found in the palm oil plantation, 13 were observed to have low palatability scores, and 16 species have high palatability scores. Based on their high palatability scores, the following species can be utilized as forage for Balinese cattle: Cyrtococcum acrescens, Eleusine indica, Centrosema pubescens, Paspalum conjugatum, and Sida rhombifolia.
Investigation of Vibration Technique To Control Physical Properties of Yam Tubers (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) uring Storage Osanyinpeju, Kifilideen L.; Aderinlewo, Adewole A.; Dairo, Olawale U.; Adetunji, Olayide R.; Ajisegiri, Emmanuel S.A.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.77-85

Abstract

Yam tubers lose weight during storage and prolonged storage can reduce tuber quality and quantity. This study investigated the application of vibration techniques for the control of the physical properties of yam tubers during storage. Measurements were conducted on the physical properties of the tubers: weight loss, shrinkage of the middle diameter, shrinkage of the length, top and bottom diameter, on 108 tubers treated and 32 tubers untreated (control). The factors of the experimental design were three levels of vibration frequencies, i.e. low (1 – 5 Hz), medium (60 – 100 Hz) and high (150 – 200 Hz), amplitudes of low (5 mm), medium (10 mm) and high (20 mm), and durations of low (5 minutes), medium (10 minutes) and high (15 minutes). Tuber weights were classified as small (0.1 – 2.9 kg) and large (3.0 – 5.0 kg). The tubers were stored for ten weeks after vibration, and their physical properties were measured every week during the storage period. Our study demonstrated that as the frequency, amplitude, and duration of vibration increase, the physical properties of yam tubers decrease significantly in both tuber classes. The study shows that mechanical vibration can slow down the changes in the physical properties of the yam tuber during storage.

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