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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia
Published by Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Karawang
ISSN : 08535884     EISSN : 25026542     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia accepts articles in the field of fisheries, both sea and inland public waters. The journal presents results of research resources, arrest, oceanography, environmental, environmental remediation and enrichment of fish stocks.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016" : 7 Documents clear
SEBARAN KELOMPOK UMUR DAN RASIO POTENSI PEMIJAHAN BANGGAI CARDINAL (Pterapogon kauderni, Koumans 1933) MENGGUNAKAN MODEL LB-SPR DI KEPULAUAN BANGGAI SULAWESI TENGAH Sri Turni Hartati; Kamaluddin Kasim
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (423.919 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.197-206

Abstract

Banggai cardinal (Pterapogon kauderni, Koumans 1933) adalah jenis ikan endemik yang saat ini masih diperdagangkan sebagai ikan hias. Informasi biologi seperti ukuran dan estimasi kelompok umur dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui status pemanfaatan di habitat aslinya, yang diperlukan dalam upaya pengelolaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status pemanfaatan stok Banggai cardinal melalui estimasi kelompok umur ikan dan menggunakan informasi tersebut sebagai indikator biologi (Biological Reference Point) Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) melalui pendekatan Length-Based SPR model. Pengukuran panjang ikan dilakukan terhadap 7.014 ekor ikan sampel selama tahun 2010 hingga 2011, dan pengamatan aspek biologi seperti jenis kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, serta fekunditas dilakukan terhadap 394 ekor ikan sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang tertangkap berumur 10-11 bulan, dengan ukuran panjang 32,7 – 35,2 mm FL, lebih kecil dari  ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) sebesar 36,1 – 44,4 mm FL. Rata-rata Nilai SPRsebesar 44,6% masih di atas ambang batas lebih tangkap (overfishing threshold) 30%. Nilai SPR secara signifikan menurun dari 46,8% pada 2010 menjadi 40,4% pada 2011. Sebanyak 50% ikan betina matang gonad (Lm) pada ukuran 37 mm FL dan 50% tertangkap (Selectivity/SL50) pada ukuran 32 mm FL (SL50< L50). Laju penangkapan relatif terhadap mortalitas alami (F/M) sebesar 0,57 mengindikasikan bahwa upaya penangkapan (relative fishing effort) telah mencapai  57% terhadap laju kematian alaminya. Banggai cardinal (Pterapogon kaudernii) fish is an endemic species which is traded as an ornamental fish. Population parameters such as length distribution and ages of P. kaudernii are required to estimate status of the species as a part of management purposes. This study aimed to determine the stock status of Banggai cardinal through estimation of the age groups and use that information as biological reference point to estimate the Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) through Length-Based SPR model. Length of fish samples were measured of 7,014 fish samples during the year 2010 to the year 2011 while gonadal maturity, fecundity and sex differentiation were obtained from 394 individuals fish samples. The results show that fisherman caught mostly young individual fish, aged 10-11 months with relative length 32.7 - 35.2 mm FL and at below the size of length at first maturity (Lm) of 36.1 - 44.4 mm FL. Estimation of SPR shows that stock has been in healthy status which indicated by average SPR of 44.6% which still above the overfishing threshold by 30%. However, the values of SPR were declined significantly from 46.8% in 2010 to be 40.4% in 2011. As many as 50% of mature female fish found on the size of 37 mm FL and 50% caught (Selectivity/SL50) on the size of 32 mm FL (SL50 <L50). The rate of relative fishing mortality (F) to natural mortality (F / M) of 0.57 indicates relative fishing effort has reached 57% of the rate of natural mortality. 
KEPADATAN DAN STRATIFIKASI KOMPOSISI SUMBER DAYA IKAN DEMERSAL DI LAUT CINA SELATAN (WPP – NRI 711) Robet Perangin Angin; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Rahmat Kurnia; Achmad Fahrudin; Ali Suman
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1104.848 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.161-172

Abstract

Informasi distribusi kepadatan stok dan komposisi ikan demersal sangat penting untuk diketahui sebagai bahan masukan guna keberhasilan pengelolaan perikanan. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi, kepadatan stok dan sebaran sumber daya ikan demersal di Laut Cina Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Mei sampai Juni 2015 dengan menggunakan scientific echosounder BIOSONICS DT-X dan frekuensi 120 KHz. Untuk verifikasi data akustik terutama komposisi jenis dilakukan pengoperasian trawl. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi jenis ikan demersal di Laut Cina Selatan meliputi 147 spesies dari 55 famili. Stratifikasi komposisi dikedalaman 20-30 m, 30-40 m, 40-50 m, 50-60 m, dan 60-70 m masing masing didominasi oleh ikan dari famili Leiognathidae, Lutjanidae, Nemipteridae, Tetraodontidae, dan Serranidae. Estimasi kepadatan stok sumber daya ikan demersal di Laut Cina Selatan berkisar antara 0,16 – 2,85 ton/km2 dengan rata-rata kepadatan 1,05 ton/km2. Information about density distribution and composition of demersal fish stocks is very important to be known as an input for the success of fisheries management. Current research aimed to determine the composition, stock density and distribution of demersal fish resources in the South China Sea. The research was conducted in May to June 2015 using scientific echosounder BIOSONICS DT-X and frequency of 120 KHz. Trawler sampling was done to verify the acoustic data, especially for species composition. The results show that the species composition of demersal fish in the South China Sea consisted of 147 species of 55 families. The stratification of the composition at the respective depth of 20-30 m, 30-40 m, 40-50 m, 50-60 m and 60-70 m, were dominated by fish families of Leiognathidae, Lutjanidae, Nemipteridae, Tetraodontidae, and Serranidae. The estimated stock density of demersal fish resources in the South China Sea ranged from 0.16 to 2.85 tonnes/km2 with the average of 1.05 tonnes / km2.     
EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN BERBAGAI JENIS TAG UNTUK MENGETAHUI KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP LOBSTER PASIR (Panulirus homarus Linnaeus, 1758) Danu Wijaya; Fayakun Satria; Endi Setiadi Kartamiharja
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (470.303 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.189-196

Abstract

Lobster pasir (Panulirus homarus) merupakan salah satu jenis lobster yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting dan banyak ditangkap di Indonesia. Salah satu cara untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan, tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan pergerakan lobster di alam adalah dengan menggunakan metode Capture-mark-recapture (CMR). Tiga jenis tag yang biasa dipakai untuk penandaan lobster adalah T-bar, streamer, dan Visual Implant Elastomer (VIE). Percobaan penandaan dilakukan di kolam penampungan di Teluk Gerupuk, Lombok Tengah. Penelitian  ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis tag yang efektif untuk mengetahui tingkat kelangsungan hidup pada lobster pasir. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan tiga jenis tag, yaitu T-bar (70 ekor), streamer (76 ekor), dan Visual Implant Elastomer (VIE) (10 ekor) pada dua kelompok ukuran lobster (>20-60 gram dan >60-100 gram). Semua sampel dipelihara dalam bak selama 30 hari yang dilakukan Agustus-September 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa VIE (60%) memiliki tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi diikuti oleh T-bar (34 %) dan steamer (13 %). Untuk keperluan monitoring di alam, disarankan menggunakan T-bar karena penerapannya praktis dan mudah dideteksi. Panulirus homarus (Spiny Lobster) is one of the lobster species that has an important economic value and highly catched in Indonesia. Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods are widely used to study the estimation of population parameters such as abundance, growth, distribution and survival of the wild organism. Three effective techniques commonly used for decapods tagging are  T-bar, streamer, and Visual Implant Elastomer (VIE). Tagging experiments conducted in ponds in the Gulf Gerupuk, Central Lombok. This study aims to determine the effective type of tags and to determine the survival rate of spiny lobster. The study was conducted using three types of tags, T-bar (70 lobsters), streamer (76 lobsters), and Visual Implant Elastomer (VIE) (10 lobsters) divided in two groups size of lobster (> 20-60 grams and> 60- 100 grams). All samples were maintained in the tank for 30 days in August-September, 2015. The results showed that VIE (60%) has the highest survival rate followed by the T-bar (34%) and streamer (13%). For monitoring purposes in nature T-bar are advised to use because of their more practical applicated and easily detected.
KEPADATAN STOK IKAN DEMERSAL DAN UDANG DI SAMUDERA HINDIA BARAT SUMATERA PADA MUSIM PERALIHAN II Nurulludin Nurulludin; Thomas Hidayat; Asep Mamun
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (302.021 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.139-146

Abstract

Kepadatan stok ikan merupakan indikasi dari potensi perikanan di suatu wilayah yang sangat penting diketahui. Tujuan tulisan ini membahas tentang laju tangkap, kepadatan stok dan perkiraan biomassa ikan demersal serta udang. Penelitian sumber daya ikan demersal dan udang di Samudera Hindia Barat Sumatera dilakukan dengan menggunakan Kapal Riset Baruna Jaya IV (1.200 GT) pada bulan Oktober dan November 2015 (Musim peralihan II). Penghitungan kepadatan stok menggunakan metode sweept area dengan panjang tali ris atas dari jaring trawl 36 m, kecepatan kapal saat menarik jaring berkisar 2,5 – 3 knot, lama penarikan jaring maksimal 1 jam. Perairan Samudera Hindia Barat Sumatera terdiri dari 151 spesies yang tergolong dalam 59 famili. Famili ikan demersal yang dominan tertangkap (5 besar), yaitu Leiognathidae sebesar 23,6 %, Trichiuridae 9,8%, Haemulidae 8,0%,  Engraulididae 6,6%, dan Polynemidae 6,05%. Famili udang yaitu Penaeidae (79,08%), Scyllaridae 19,49%, dan Solenoceridae 1,43%. Rata-rata laju tangkap ikan demersal 205,80 kg/jam, dengan kepadatan stok 6,66 ton/km2 dan udang 2,30 kg/jam dengan kepadatan stok 0,053 ton/km2. Biomassa ikan demersal diperkirakan sebesar 470.122 ton dan udang 3.706 ton.  Fish stock density  is an index of stock abundance indicating the fish resources potential in a region.  This paper discusses the catch rate, stock density and biomass estimates of the demersal fish and shrimp resources. Research on the demersal fish and shrimp resources in the Indian Ocean-Western Sumatera conducted using the Research Vessel Baruna Jaya IV (1200 GT) carried out during  October and November 2015 (2nd intermonsoon season). Stock density was estimated through the swept area method. The trawl used has 36 m headrope, trawling speed of 2.5 - 3 knots, and maximum towing time was 1 hour. It was found that the fish resources in the waters of the Indian Ocean-Western Sumatera consisted of 151 species belonging to 59 families. The top five dominant fish families caught were Leiognathidae of 23.6%, Trichiuridae 9.8%, Haemulidae 8.0%, Engraulididae 6.6%, and Polynemidae 6.05%, while the shrimp families were Penaeidae of 79.08%, Scyllaridae 19.49%, and Solenoceridae 1.43%. The average catch rate of demersal fish was 205.80 kg/hour, with a stock density of 6.66 tons/km2 and shrimp of 2.30 kg/hour with a stock density of 5.3 kgs/km2. The estimated biomass of demersal fish was  470,122 tons and shrimp was 3,706 tons.  
DINAMIKA PERUBAHAN METODE PENANGKAPAN RAWAI TUNA DI SAMUDERA HINDIA Irwan Jatmiko; Fathur Rochman; Arief Wujdi
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (195.566 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.173-180

Abstract

Rawai tuna merupakan salah satu alat tangkap penting bagi industri perikanan di Indonesia. Target utama alat tangkap ini adalah ikan tuna yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis penting seperti tuna mata besar dan madidihang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kapal dan perubahan metode penangkapan rawai tuna di Indonesia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh pemantau ilmiah (observer) pada kapal rawai tuna yang berbasis di Pelabuhan Benoa Bali, mulai Agustus 2005 hingga November 2014. Pemantau ilmiah mencatat data dan informasi meliputi: panjang tali cabang (PTC), panjang tali pelampung (PTP), panjang antar tali cabang (PATC), jumlah pancing antar pelampung (JPAP), jumlah mata pancing, lama waktu tebar pancing dan lama waktu perendaman. AnalisisAnova satu arah dan tes Tukey dilakukan untuk mengetahui perubahan karakteristik armada rawai tuna selama beberapa tahun. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terjadi perubahan karakteristik operasi rawai tuna selama beberapa tahun (p<0,05). Jarak antar tali cabang dan panjang tali pelampung berfluktuasi dengan menunjukkan pola yang acak. Jumlah mata pancing dan lama waktu tebar pancing juga berfluktuasi namun cenderung menurun jumlah dan durasinya. Selanjutnya, jumlah pancing antar pelampung juga memiliki kecendurungan lebih sedikit dalam kurun waktu beberapa tahun. Panjang tali cabang dan lama waktu perendaman menunjukkan peningkatan dalam panjang dan durasinya Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran yang lebih lengkap terhadap perubahan karakteristik kapal rawai tuna Indonesia di Samudra Hindia. Tuna longline is one of the important fishing gears for the fisheries industry in Indonesia. The target species of this type of gear are a group of economically important tuna that have higher economic values such as bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna. This study aims to investigate the fleet characteristics and the modification of fishing method of tuna longline in Indonesia. Data collection was conducted by scientific observers on tuna longline fishing vessels, mainly based in the port of Benoa Bali, from August 2005 to November 2014. The scientific observers record the information that will be tested were: length of branch line (LBL), length of float line (LFL), length between branch line (LBBL), number of hooks between floats (NHBF), number of hooks, length of set time and length of soak time. Analysis of one-way Anova and Tukey tests conducted to determine the changing characteristics of tuna longline fleets in several years. The analysis showed that changes in the characteristics of longline tuna operations for several years (p <0.05) were likely occurred. Length between branch line and length of float line were fluctuated with random pattern. Number of hooks and length of set time also fluctuated but tended to decrease in number and duration. Furthermore, number of hooks between floats also tends to decrease in recent years. Length of branch line and length of soak time showed an increase in the length and duration. The results of this study are expected to provide a more complete picture of the presence of changes in the characteristics of the Indonesian tuna longline fleets.
DUGAAN DAERAH PEMIJAHAN IKAN NAPOLEON (Cheilinus undulatus, RUPPELL, 1835) DI SEKITAR PERAIRAN KEPULAUAN ANAMBAS Amran Ronny Syam; Mujiyanto Mujiyanto; Masayu Rahmia Anwar Putri
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (413.792 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.147-160

Abstract

Kelimpahan ikan Napoleon di alam sangat rendah, namun larvanya muncul setiap tahun di sekitar perairan Kepulauan Anambas. Saat ini ikan Napoleon yang berukuran satu kilogram masih banyak ditemukan dari hasil pemeliharaan dalam Keramba Jaring Tancap dan Karamba Jaring Apung.  Kajian terhadap keberadaan larva/juvenil ikan Napoleon dan lokasi pemijahan di alam merupakan salah satu indikator dalam upaya mempertahankan keberlanjutan hidup populasi ikan napoleon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menduga daerah pemijahan ikan Napoleon di alam berdasarkan ukuran larva/juvenil ikan Napoleon yang tertangkap di alam dan pola arus di sekitar perairan tersebut.  Metode yang digunakan adalah Sensus visual (UVC), enumerasi hasil tangkapan benih dan penentuan pola arus laut di sekitar daerah penangkapan benih. Daerah pemijahan ikan Napoleon belum diketahui pasti. Berdasarkan pola arus laut dan keberadaan larva ikan Napoleon yang berukuran 0,5 inci, dapat diduga pemijahan ikan Napoleon di alam berlangsung tidak jauh dari lokasi ditemukannya larva tersebut, yaitu 1. Tanjung Datuk, 2.Pulau Tembuk, 3. Tanjung Ikan, 4.Teluk Nipah, 5.Teluk Pau, dan 6. Tanjung Sing. Populasi ikan Napoleon dewasa di perairan sekitar Kabupaten Anambas tergolong rendah, namun kemunculan benih ikan Napoleon dapat terjadi setiap tahun terutama pada Oktober/Nopember atau Januari dan Februari. The adult of Napoleon wrasse fish abundance in nature is very low, but the larvae can be found almost at year-round  in the Anambas waters. Currently, napoleon wrasse of one kilogram weight is still found in the fixed net cage and floating net cage. Study on the larva/juvenile existence and spawning site in nature is one of the keys indicators to maintain the sustainability of fish population. The methods used were the visual census (UVC), enumerating the seed catch and identify the pattern of ocean currents around the seed collection area. Spawning area of Napoleon wrasse fish could not exactly be determined yet. Based on the pattern of ocean currents and the smallest size of fish larvae that were found, the spawning site of Napoleon wrasse fish in the wild was estimated to be in around the occurrence location of Napoleon wrasse larvae, namely 1. Tanjung Datuk, 2. Tembuk Island, 3 Tanjung Ikan, 4. Teluk Nipah, 5.Teluk Pau, and 6.Tanjung Sing. The population of adult Napoleon fish in the waters around Anambas was relatively low, but the emergence of Napoleon wrasse larvae can occurs annually, especially in October- November or January-February.  
DAMPAK PEMBERLAKUAN MORATORIUM PERIZINAN TANGKAP TERHADAP UPAYA PENANGKAPAN DAN PRODUKSI RAWAI TUNA SKALA INDUSTRI YANG BERBASIS DI PELABUHAN BENOA-BALI Fathur Rochman; Bram Setyadji; Irwan Jatmiko
Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 22, No 3 (2016): (September) 2016
Publisher : Pusat Riset Perikanan, BRSDM KP.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (215.712 KB) | DOI: 10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.181-188

Abstract

PERMEN KP Nomor 56 tahun 2014  dan PERMEN KP Nomor 10 tahun 2015 berguna untuk mewujudkan pengelolaan perikanan yang bertanggung jawab dan penanggulangan terhadap Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan (WPP) Indonesia.  Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui dampak moratorium perizinan perikanan tangkap terhadap upaya penangkapan dan produksi rawai tuna yang berbasis di pelabuhan Benoa-Bali.Analisis data didasarkan pada hasil enumerasi oleh enumerator Loka Penelitian Perikanan Tuna (LPPT) di pelabuhan Benoa, dari Januari 2012 sampai dengan Desember 2015. Moratorium perizinan perikanan tangkap efektif diberlakukan pada tanggal 3 Nopember 2014. Hasil studi menunjukkan terjadi kenaikan pada rata-rata  produksi, upaya dan CPUE perikanan tuna skala industri di pelabuhan Benoa di tahun 2015 (setelah moratorium). Kenaikan produksi, CPUE dan upaya penangkapan perikanan tuna skala industri di pelabuhan Benoa berturut turut sebesar 6-18%, 3,3-16% dan 4-11% dari rata-rata produksi, CPUE dan upaya penangkapan 3 tahun sebelum moratorium.  Meskipun terjadi kenaikan produksi, CPUE, dan upaya penangkapan namun setelah di uji statistik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (tidak berdampak nyata). The Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation number 56 year 2014  and number 10 year 2015 are directed to realize a responsible fisheries management and counter-measures of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing in Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA). The contents of the regulation is a temporary suspension (moratorium) and temporary licensing of capture fisheries  imposed to the boat constructed overseas and restriction of fisheries transshipment. The objectives of this study is to identify the impact of this regulation on the efforts and productivity rate of the industrial longline tuna based in Benoa port, Bali. This study was the result of analysis on data collected by Research Institute for Tuna Fisheries (RITF) in Benoa port, Bali during 2012-2015. The moratorium was started on 3 November 2014. The results  of the study showed that production, effort and CPUE were increased after this regulation been in forced. Within the period of 3 years, the average increasing production, CPUE and effort of the industrial scale tuna longline in Benoa port were at the range of 6-18%, 3.3-16% and 4-11%, respectively, although, it was found that the results were statistically not significant.

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