Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health
Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health is a conference collection of technical papers freely accessible to scholars over the world. Articles featured vary areas of efforts to develop health and well-being for better society such as factors of illness, epidemiology, health promotion, health policy, nutrition, environmental health and safety, nursing and midwifery, and other sciences related to health development.
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<![CDATA[THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEAN STRATEGY TO ALLEVIATE OVERCROWDING IN EMERGENCY ROOM: NARRATIVE REVIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Yani Oryza]]>;
<![CDATA[Jaslis Ilyas]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Emergency Room (ER) of hospital worldwide undergoes significantly challenging problems; overcrowding patient leads to block the access, causes discomfort and increases demands to be served by medical personnel immediately. To overcome these problems, the ER needs to implement lean strategies. This study presents a narrative review aimed to identify whether there is a positive impact of the lean implementations in overcoming the overcrowded ER or not. Methods: This narrative review explores the current literature from an online database and highlights the lean strategies adopted by several ER to reduce overcrowding and delaying and to streamline patient flow. Literatures without data on waiting time, length of stay (LOS), and untreated patients leaving the ER, will be excluded from this review. The types of intervention were grouped into team triage, streaming, fast track, point-of-care test (POCT), and nurse-requested x-ray. Results: The evidence of lean intervention is beneficial in reducing patients’ waiting time and length of stay (LOS). Fast track reduces the length of waiting time, LOS, and the number of untreated patients by physician. Team triage consisting of appointed doctors and nurses also has a positive impact on shortening the waiting time. There is not enough evidence to suggest that streaming, POCT early in arrival, and x-rays by nurses can reduce waiting times and LOS.Conclusions: The implementations of lean strategy have a positive impact in shortening the waiting time and LOS, and help speed up the patients’ flow and access to other supporting units. ]]>
<![CDATA[STAFFING NEEDS ANALYSIS IN THE PHARMACY UNIT OF SANTA MARIA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU 2017 ]]>
<![CDATA[Monika Noviena Susanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Vetty Yuliaty Permanasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Several previous studies have calculated the workload and the needs of human resources in the pharmacy unit and found that the availability of human resources is still not in accordance with the workload undertaken. This study aims to analyse the workload and human resource requirement in Pharmacy Installation of Santa Maria Hospital Pekanbaru 2017 Methods: This research is descriptive research conducted at Hospital Santa Maria Pekanbaru from January until December 2017. Subject of the research included pharmacist laboratory and pharmaceutical technical personnel (pharmacist assistant). Data collection was done by in-depth interview with key informants and from hospital staffing documents and hospital pharmacy installation documents. Results: Total requirement of pharmaceutical work force during effective day is 40 persons, while requirement during holiday accounted for 21 persons and make it totally 61 persons. Conclusions: With The current number of employee of 54 people, the hospital required an additional seven person to cope with the workload at the Pharmacy unit of Santa Maria Hospital. ]]>
<![CDATA[THE COGNITIVE SCREENING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Siti Aisah]]>;
<![CDATA[Kemal Nazarudin Siregar]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Stunting or being too short affects one-third of children under five years old in developing countries. Stunting has long-term effects on cognitive development, school performance and economic productivity in adulthood. Early detection of cognitive impairment caused by stunting offers rapid strategies for reducing stunting by examine the consequence on cognitive development. Reliable assessment tools are necessary to properly track cognitive development caused by stunting. This study identifies that the use of appropriate cognitive assessment tools assists in early detection of the impact of stunting in children under five years old in developing countries. Methods: Systematic literature review using PRISMA-P guidelines were applied for this study. Studies were identified from 4 electronic sources (Scopus, Science Direct, EBSCO and Google Scholar) from 2015 to 2018 using relevant keywords. All studies were conducted on children under five years old in developing countries. The used studies for this review are limited to full-text in English and Bahasa Indonesia. Studies conducted from 19 April to 11 May 2018. Results: From 492 studies that have been extracted, there are 10 studies reported the cognitive impairment assessment tools for under five years old children used in developing countries. The satisfying assessment tools in eligibility criteria are Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID III), the Indonesian child development pre-screening questionnaire (Kuesioner Pra-Skrining Perkembangan/KPSP ) and Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST II). They appear promising to be used in identifying and monitoring cognitive development of children in developing countries. Conclusions: In the context of stunting in children under five years old, rapid assessment of cognitive ability is feasible for routine clinical use. The BSID III, KPSP and DDST II are the most common used in developing countries and they have moderately good accuracy to detect the cognitive impairment. ]]>
<![CDATA[THE ROLE OF CLINICAL PATHWAY IN IMPROVING HOSPITALS COST EFFICIENCY ]]>
<![CDATA[Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Mardiati Nadjib]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Clinical Pathway (CP) is a method of clinical documentation that reflects clinical practice standards for physicians, nurses and other members of healthcare team. Clinical pathways are collaborative guidelines for treating patients focused on diagnosis, clinical problems and stages of care. The advantage is any intervention given and the development of the patient recorded systematically based on the time criteria set and is expected to improve the quality of service and to lower hospital costs. The aim of this narrative review is to assess the role of CP in improving the efficiency of hospital costs. Methods: Narrative review was performed by analyzing the scientific articles obtained through Electronic Library provided by the University of Indonesia through online database list and chooses Science Direct as a search. The keywords used in the search were "Clinical Pathway and Hospital Cost". Search strategy was conducted by searching for articles related to CP role on hospital cost efficiency. Articles were selected using inclusion criteria and through several stages. Results: Acquired as many as 1.324 articles conducted search through Science Direct. From the results of the screening finally 4 scientific articles were chosen relevant to the topic of writing and the criteria of inclusion or exclusion. After the analysis, it was found that the use of CP in the management of patients can lower hospital costs. Conclusions: Implementation of clinical pathway for the management of patients in hospital can improve hospital cost efficiency. ]]>
<![CDATA[ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Edi Junaidi]]>;
<![CDATA[Budi Hidayat]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: The innovation of the cigarettes industry leads to evolved into an electric cigarette. US General Surgeon in 2016 reports that 13.5% of junior high school students, 37.7% of high school students and 35.8% of young adolescents in America have used electric cigarettes. This study aims to identify the use of electric cigarette among adolescent Methods: This study utilized systematic reviews using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews & Meta-Analyzes) to identify all published literature using relevant keywords. The selection process is based on the literature of which the population is human, published in the last 5 years, and there is a complete text form, then selected back by title and abstract. The journal used is the selected journal based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Electric cigarettes are used by adolescents influence through social media or commercial advertisement. One type of electric cigarette that is widely used is the Electronic Vapor Product (EVP) that can easily to obtain from retail stores, kiosks, malls, and the internet. Electric cigarette users were led to increasing the symptoms of bronchitis and asthma in adolescents. Conclusions: The use of electric cigarettes in adolescents has increased mainly among male adolescents. The current study revealed the use of electronic cigarette was influenced by the several factors: lifestyle, electric cigarette prices, and the teenager’s pocket money. Therefore, serious efforts needed to control the factors that affected the teenage users of electric cigarette. Campaign on ruthless effects of the electric cigarette among adolescents should be implemented in the school, furthermore in several places related to teenagers. ]]>
<![CDATA[THE ASSOCIATION OF UNINTENDED PREGNANCY WITH STUNTING ON CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Annisa Lidra Maribeth]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad Syafiq]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Introduction: One of the complex causes of stunting is an unintended pregnancy. Children from unintended pregnancies are at greater risk for stunting than children born from intended pregnancies. This study aims to analyze the association of intended pregnancies with stunting events in children under 5 years old. Methods: This systematic review used PRISMA-P protocol (Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) in 2009. Studies were collected through search in the source data Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed from January 2015 through May 2018. Keywords search used PICO- S (Population Intervention Compare Outcome-Study design) technique. 278 studies were found and five studies were included in this study. Results: From the 5 studies reviewed, it was found that unintended pregnancies can be the cause of stunting in the range 1.25 to 2.19 times higher than the intended pregnancy. Conclusion: We found a significant relationship between unintended pregnancies among 5 countries (Bangladesh, Nepal, India, Northern Malawi, and Indonesia) with stunting in children under 5 years’ old. ]]>
<![CDATA[THE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG HEROIN ADDICTS THROUGH METHADONE MAINTENANCE THERAPY ]]>
<![CDATA[Eka Yuliartiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Puput Oktamianti]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Many cases of heroin abuse was the leading cause of death. Due to difficulties stop addiction to heroin, many methods were used for the recovery process. The effective and approved therapy method with a medical approach was transferal heroin with another substance program, which was called methadone maintenance therapy. Methadone was chosen as the main substitution therapy because it has a similar effect to heroin with lengthier bioavailability, so it could be prescribed once a day. There are positive benefits that can make heroin addicts function normally with methadone maintenance therapy, it will improve the quality of life people with heroin addicts. Methods: This research used a narrative review method with data retrieval from Universitas Indonesia online database such as PubMed and Springer Link. The research strategy has done by employed several articles about life quality improvement of heroin addicts with methadone maintenance therapy service, which already publish in Universitas Indonesia online database in December 2017. The chosen articles were use, selected by inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Results: From the reviewed the 5 published journal articles, revealed one of the benefits from methadone maintenance therapy services is improving the life quality of heroin addicts. Conclusions: Methadone maintenance therapy services could improve the life quality of heroin addicts. ]]>
<![CDATA[COST AND FINANCIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT IN CATHETER ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTION (CAUTI): A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatimah Sarah]]>;
<![CDATA[Oktaminati Puput]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) was the first condition chosen for nonpayment because of its anticipated effect on large numbers of hospitalizations. The risk of CAUTI is mainly related to the duration of catheterization, occurring at a rate of 5% per day. This study is to identify the cost and financial economic impact of intervention and prevention including an indication of CAUTI, number of events, duration of urinary catheterization, length of stay, the cost for antibiotics and hospitalization cost in catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) to reducing the rate and hospital payment. Methods: Systematic Review with PRISMA – P Protocol in 2009 method from a relevant database such as PubMed and ProQuest search engine in 2007 until 2017. Total document selected by full text is 10 article. Results: Based on literature search and screening article after using intervention and prevention strategy for CAUTI in the USA, UK and Thailand have a good impact in the duration of urinary catheterization, length of stay, the cost for antibiotic and hospitalization cost. Some article result that the change in the rate of CAUTI was not significantly different before and after the policy and validity in identifying CAUTI is limited. Conclusions: Cost impact in catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) can preventable by reducing unnecessary urinary catheter use (appropriate indication), shortening catheter duration, bladder bundles intervention, supervision, and evaluation of the implementation. ]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECT OF TREE MARIGOLD (Tithonia diversifolia (HEMSL.) A. GRAY) LEAVES INFUSION AND ETHANOL EXTRACT ON BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL AND LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY OF STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED MALE WISTAR RATS ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachma Ayu Maulidiany]]>;
<![CDATA[Eni Suhaeni]]>;
<![CDATA[Catur Setiya Sulistiyana]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariestya Indah Permata Sari]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Common Indonesians often use alternative therapy for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) due to its high prevalence. Tree marigold (Tithonia difersivolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) leaves show its positive effect in decreasing blood glucose level. Thus, it is important to analyze the negative effect of consuming the proposing alternative including its toxicity level to vital organs. This study aims to observe the blood glucose level and liver histopathology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats treated by infusion and ethanol extract of the tree marigold leaves. Methods: Pretest and posttest with control group design experiment was conducted to analyze effect on blood glucose level and posttest only with control group design was for determining liver histopathology. Twenty-four male white rats (Wistar strain) were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (KN), positive control group (K+) treated with 0.45mg/kg of glibenclamid, treatment group 1 (P1) treated by 100 mg/kg of tree marigold leaves ethanol extract, and treatment group 2 (P2) treated by 1373 mg/kg of tree marigold leaves infusion. The rats at the groups of K+, P1, and P2 were induced by streptozotocin to reach hyperglycemic state. Comparison of blood glucose level effect between infusion and ethanol extract was analyzed by One-Way ANOVA continued by post-hoc test, while comparison of liver histopathology effect was determined by Kruskal-Wallis continued by Mann-Whitney test. Results: Significant differences of blood glucose level decrease were found in all groups. Group P2 significantly decreased blood glucose level more than P1 (p=0.000) as much as 124.97 mg/dl and 101.46 mg/dl respectively. Significant differences of liver histopathology were obtained between KN vs K(+), KN vs P2, K(+) vs P2, and P1 vs P2. Group P2 showed more severe of liver histopathology changes than P1 (p=0.025). Conclusion: Tree marigold leaves extract is more effective in lowering blood glucose level and has less toxic effect to liver histopathology than its infusion. ]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION FREQUENCY ON OVERWEIGHT LEVEL AMONG HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENT ]]>
<![CDATA[Lita Harlianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Witri Pratiwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Donny Nauphar]]>;
<![CDATA[Eni Suhaeni]]>
<![CDATA[ Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Health No. 3 (2018) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Obesity was believed to be one of the risk factors of degenerative diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. Obesity occurred gradually that started with overweight. Risk factors for overweight are lack of physical activity, and consumption of high caloric fatty food which may cause accumulation of fats inside the body. This research aims to examine the effect of physical activity and fast food consumption frequency on overweight level among high school adolescent in Cirebon. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted among 262 high school students aged 15-17 years using stratified random sampling. Results: The result based on Spearman correlation test showed negative correlation between physical activity and overweight level with p= 0,001 (p< 0,05) and correlation coefficient of -0,627. There was positive correlation between consumption fast food frequency with overweight with p=0,037 (p=0,05) and correlation coefficient of 0,423. Conclusions: Physical activity and fast food consumption frequency have effects on overweight level in high school adolescent in Cirebon. ]]>
