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TSAQAFAH
ISSN : 14110334     EISSN : 24600008     DOI : -
TSAQAFAH (pISSN: 1411-0334 | eISSN: 2460-0008) is journal of Islamic civilization published by University of Darussalam Gontor. It is semiannual journal published in May and November for the developing the scientific ethos. Editors accept scientific articles and result of research in accordance with its nature as a journal of Islamic Civilization, such as: Islamic Philosophy, Islam and Contemporary Issues, Religious Studies, Islamic Science, Islamic Economics, Islamic education, Qur’anic Studies, Islamic Law, and Islamic Ethics
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Articles 590 Documents
Pemikiran Islam Kontemporer , Antara Mode Pemikiran dan Model Pembacaan Mohammad Muslih
TSAQAFAH Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012): Islamic Jurisprudence
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v8i2.28

Abstract

This paper examines mode of Islamic thought is developing today ,which was then known as Contemporary Islamic Thought, by searching the role of logic and reasoning behind the idea. Three main issues are addressed: first, the project of contemporary Islamic thought, which is a radical reading of the construction of epistemology of sciences and building of logical basic of traditions, culture and civilization, by taking the authentic (al-ashâlah) and inner structure (bunyah),so that it can be transformed to the present.  Second,the mode of contemporary Islamic thought, related to attitudes toward tradition (turâts) on the one hand and attitudes towards modernity (hadâtsah) on the other. In contrast to the traditional thought that addressing modernity with a priori for conservation,are also different from modern thought that response to the tradition as something that must be eliminated for the sake of progress; Contemporary Islamic thought involved a critical reading of tradition and modernity ,before bringing them within the framework of contemporary challenges. And third,the model of contemporary readings, by indicate methodological tools of scientific work. Hermeneutics, criticism, and deconstruction are three species of readings that be able to break through the scarcity of methodological for reading complexity of culture and problems of humanity in general, which has not been available instrument for that.
Divine Emanation As Cosmic Origin: Ibn Sînâ and His Critics Syamsuddin Arif
TSAQAFAH Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012): Islamic Jurisprudence
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v8i2.29

Abstract

The question of cosmic beginning has always attracted considerable attention from serious thinkers past and present. Among many contesting theories that have emerged, that of emanation was appropriated by Muslim philosophers like Ibn Sînâ in order to reconcile the Aristotelian doctrine of the eternity of matter with the teaching of al-Qur’ân on the One Creator-God. According to this theory, the universe, which comprises a multitude of  entities, is generated from a transcendent Being, the One, that is unitary, through the medium of  a hierarchy of  immaterial substances. While the ultimate source is undiminished, the beings which are emanated are progressively less perfect as they are further removed from the first principle. The process is conceived as being atemporal and often compared to the efflux of light from a luminous body, or to water flowing from a spring. This metaphysical theory has enabled Ibn Sînâ to solve the vexed problem: given an eternally existing world and one eternally existing God, how can the two necessarily co-exist without having the perfect, simple unity of God destroyed by contact with the multiplicity of material things? The following essay delineates and evaluates both Ibn Sînâ’s arguments as well as the counter-arguments of  his critics.
Menelusuri Historisitas Pembentukan Hukum Islam: Menggagas Yurisprudensi Islam Indonesia Muhammad Yusuf
TSAQAFAH Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012): Islamic Jurisprudence
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v8i2.30

Abstract

The Islamic law and its existence can not be separated from the socio- historical factors surrounding the scholars of  fiqh in producing islamic law. Variety of  environmental and socio-political context contributed significantly in shaping patterns of Islamic legal thought. In fact, judging from the relationship between the political (power) with the occurance of laws there are a number of  correralion indicators. It is likely a madhhab develop because of  political support. When a madhhab ruling the other madhhab highly susceptible to hard resistance. Indeed, ideally fiqh should be able to provide answers to a variety of  empirical facts on the various issues. And, fiqh in Indonesia should not simply adopt the products of  classical period only, but need to develop and articulate the contemporary context based on the empirical facts. Internal understanding of the diversity of Indonesian Muslims is also a consideration in producing fiqh other than social facts. With the principle of  unity in things agreed, and tolerant of things that are not agreed upon, particularly with regard to the furu’iyat. Fiqh as a product of thought influenced by the socio-historical conditions of  society should not be seen as absolute. Now, need to show that penetrates all aspects of jurisprudence and responded critically on contemporary issues that continue to vary and evolve.
Ibn Rusyd al-Qurtubi wa Manhajuhu al-Fiqhi fi Kitabihi "Bidayah al-Mujtahid" Sujiat Zubaidi
TSAQAFAH Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012): Islamic Jurisprudence
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v8i2.34

Abstract

So far, studies focusing on the pattern of Ibn Rusyd’s thought are less performed. Whereas, according to Muhammad Abduh, it is important  to intensively study it, so that there is a balance with his brilliant thought  of philosophy. In this research, the author tries to analyze the patterns of philosophical thought of Islamic jurisprudence of Ibn Rusyd in his book “Bidayah al-Mujtahid”. This short study records many characteristics of his genuineIslamic jurisprudence thoughts namely the presence of strong interrelation and intermediation among jurists, by comparing various opinions of the scholars, followed with istidlal, to the al-khuruj min al-khilaf and tarjih concept. Although earning many praises from many scholars such as Ibn Taymiyya, Ibn Qayyim and Al-Syatibi as contained in his work al-Muwafaqat, however, he also suffered from number of critics due to his preference to the opinions of Imam Malik. Interestingly, Bidayah al-Mujtahid was written by Ibn Rusyd as a critique against Al-Wajiz of Al-Ghazali which is according to Ibn Rusyd it inclines to only one school of thought of Islamic jurisprudence namely Imam Syafi’i. Furthermore, he did also to the same thing to the philosophy of Al-Ghazali in his famous work, Tahafut al-Tahafut.
Hukm Naql A'da'i Mahdur al-Dam min Manzur Islami Ahmad Al-Suwaehi Syulaibek
TSAQAFAH Vol. 8 No. 2 (2012): Islamic Jurisprudence
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v8i2.35

Abstract

This research deals with an important issue, namely: (provisions of transferring organs of executed), it has been divided to: introduction, preface, and three section: The Researcher discuss in the preface: the concept of transfer of human organs, showed the meaning of transportation, the organ, and the meaning of organ transplants. The concept of the executed, its types, showed the meaning of shed, and the executed, and its types. And search in second section: transfer organs of a living person to another, showed the rule of transferring individual organ, and organs of non-individual. An  discussed in the third section: Transfer of organs of the executed to another human being, showed the rule of eating the executed when necessary, and the rule of transferring of organs of the executed, and the rule of reconciliation of the executed on the transfer of its organs in exchange for not killing him, starting the opinions of jurists and their evidence, and discuss the evidence and weighting between opinions. The Researcher concluded that it is permissible to transfer organs of the executed and put it in an human body protected blood near death, under certain conditions to be met, and it is permissible to reconcile the infidel military and spy to waive for not killing him.
Worldview Islam dan Kapitalisme Barat Hamid Fahmy Zarkasyi
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.36

Abstract

In the era when the idea of similarity, equality and pluralism are disseminated in diversified area, one might face difficulty to distinguish one civilization from the other.Now capitalism is the most dominant system of economic in the world and even developed into a civilization that has a worldveiw. Capitalism also used to be claimed and accepted as universal system that could be applied to the whole world. In response to this state of mind, it is imperative that capitalism be studied and identified from its very basic concept, i.e worldview perspective, and then compared it with Islam. This paper is a preliminary attempt to identify capitalist worldview and prove that it differs fundamentally from the worldview of Islam. The capitalist vision on religion, world, life style, justice, freedom of thought, wealth, economic activities which are influenced by Western worldview is diametrically different from Islamic worldview. Based on this study it must be very clear that Muslim intellectual who intend to borrow certain concept of capitalism for the development of Islamic economic should realize there are fundamental principles of capitalism that are irreconciliable with that of Islamic economic.
Force Majeure in Islamic Law of Transaction: A Comparative Study of the Civil Codes of Islamic Countries Mhd. Syahnan
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.37

Abstract

This paper attempts to shed lights on the performance of  the obligations to a valid contract that can be frustrated by events beyond human control. Such events may have considerable impact on various designated legal principles and rules which is widely known as force majeure. The doctrine of unforeseen circumstances in contemporary legislation, on the main, is expressed in the same term which understandably as result of  the origin derivation of  the French law le theorie de l’imprévision. Although it is true that there is no such general principle of  force majeure in classical Islamic law, the author argues that significant efforts have been made in synthesizing both the Islamic and Western law concepts. Accordingly, despite the fact that the traditional Islamic legal system has its own mechanism to deal with such events at the time of contract, to a certain extent, it has influenced its contemporary form of  the concept of  intervening conti- ngencies (nazariyyat al-jawa’ih ) as reflected in the Civil Codes of  the Arab states. In addition, in response to the exigencies of the ever-increasing problems of modern life which brings with it alien concept, force majeure does not contradict with the provisions of the Shari‘ah since the views of Islamic jurisprudents (fuqahâ) can justifiably be referred to.
Kebijakan Moneter dan Implikasinya terhadap Pembangunan Ekonomi dalam Perspektif Islam Ahmad Mansur
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.38

Abstract

The role of government is very important in an Islamic economy. The government is not only responsible for the establishment of Islamic values and norms in the society ,but also in economic matters such as fulfillment of basic needs, achieving full employment, price stability and low inflation, growth and development that lead to economic well being and welfare.  T o achieve that goal, the government certainly needs an appropriate policy to direct the economy into desired goal and direction.One of the policies is monetary policy .Monetary policy refers to the control of the supply of money to achieve and accomplish manageable inflation,price stability ,full employment and steady growth in the economy. This research tries to investigate the role of monetary policy and its implication on economic development in an Islamic perspective conceptually and theoretically. It found that the role of monetary policy is the same as that in modern economy, except that in Islamic economy ,the role of government is to ensure the Islamic values and nor ms to prevail in the society including the establishment of free interest economy and Islamic financial system that is free from interest based. The instruments of monetary policy in an Islamic perspective are not only confined in using open market operation, reserve ratio, discount rate, but also beyond those tools such as credit rationing, lending ratio and profit ratio which are based on the Islamic principles of interest free based economy.
Implementasi Musyarakah Mutanaqisah sebagai Alternatif Pembiayaan Murabahah di Perbankan Syariah Indonesia M. Ridwan; Syahruddin -
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.39

Abstract

Islamic banking and finance movement has now become mainstream with participation and competition from the leading,conventional banks. In Indonesia, majority of Islamic banking products is dominated by murâbahah. As the green-contract,  murâbahahalso has many shortcomings to be implemented in Islamic banking. It has potential deficiency for both customers and banks point of view. Alternatively, Musyaraka Mutanaqisa has several benefits that are not carried by murabaha. These advantages moreover can make Islamic banking productsto be competitive and attractive towards on-going dual banking system as being implemented in the most countries. This current modified contract can be an interesting alternative to murabahah especially for financing on real aset such as property. In other hand, there are some issues in musyaraka mutanaqisa  that should be revealed and educated to customers and banks to make this late product properly practiced. Some issues on the other hand, in this paper, the authors emphasized to classify into property indent financing, buying debts on debts, take over financing, taxations, annuity on profit distribution and the rest normative laws regarding with this hybrid contract.Overall,in ter m of compliancy of this product,it must be in line with sharia rules and regulations. The paper concludes that  Musyaraka Mutanaqisa can be practiced more widely as an alternative financing of murabahah which has been dominant applied to date by Islamic banking in Indonesia.
Kesatuan Bisnis dan Etika dalam al-Qur’an: Upaya Membangun Kerangka Bisnis Syariah Muhamad Muhammad
TSAQAFAH Vol. 9 No. 1 (2013): Islamic Economics
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.40

Abstract

The integration of ethics and business or business and ethics can mean to impose religious norms upon business, to post ethical code for business, to revise the economic system and law, and to improve the skills of  managing the demands of ethics from outside parties to seek for safe and so on. It implies that ethics is treated as a separate discipline and would be applied to the business world or to be developed by applying the study of moral issues in the business field. Such understanding will in turn lead to various branches of ethics such as economic ethics, business ethics, management ethics, banking ethics and others. At such levels, associated with this study, the questions are raised whether business and ethics in the Qur’an are separated or integrated; also how the Qur’an gives its perception about business and ethics. In Islam, Al-Quran provides a clear guidance for business vision which is a future business vision which is not only aiming at a short term profit which includes harm but a kind of  profit which is essentially good and having a good effect at its end. In other words, Ethics and Business are an integrated unity. As the result, the business growth in Islam is a function of profit, satisfaction of customer and other factors which cannot be detected and at the same time influencing the business success and the approval of Allah.

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