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jurnal Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 01264214     EISSN : 25277162     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) with registered number ISSN 0126-4214 (print) ISSN 2527-7162 (online) is a scientific open access journal published by Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI (Perhimpunan Sarjana Pertanian Indonesia). Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) provides a forum for the publication of scientific articles in the scope of agricultural sciences with priority on science and plant technology (plantation, horticulture, and forestry), including aspects of postharvest and socioeconomic. Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) is published three times annually, April, August, and December.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 532 Documents
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Effects of mycorrhiza and phosphate fertilizers on the growth and yield of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) under drought stress conditions Anissatul Laili; Okti Herliana; Ahadiyat Yugi Rahayu; Wilis Cahyani; Ahmad Fauzi
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.71822

Abstract

Millet is a cereal plant that’s potential for rice substitution. This plant is adaptive to be cultivated in dry land but has a tolerance limit to drought stress. Mycorrhiza and phospate (P) fertilizer treatments help plants adapt to this condition. This study aimed to determine the effects of phosphate fertilizer and mycorrhiza as well as their interaction effects on the growth and yield of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) under drought stress. The experiment was carried out from January to June 2020 in the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jenderal Soedirman. The research was arranged in a factorial randomized complete block design consisting of two factors. The first factor was the dose of SP-36 fertilizer per polybag, namely P0 = 0 g, P1 = 37,5 kg.ha⁻¹ (25%), P2 = 75 kg.ha⁻¹ = 0.88 g/polybag (50%), and P3 = 150 kg.ha⁻¹. The second factor was the dose of mycorrhiza biofertilizer, namely M0 = 0 g.polibag⁻¹, M1 = 33.3 g. polibag⁻¹ and M2 = 66.6 g.polybag⁻¹. The treatment was replicated three times. The data observed were analyzed using the F test, continued with DMRT test at p=0.05. The results showed that SP-36 fertilizer application at half of the recommended dose (0.88 g/polybag) could increase growth variables, such as leaf area, panicle length, and seed weight. Mycorrhizae application 33.3 g/polybag could improve variables such as plant height, leaf area, panicle length, and seed weight. It also accelerated the initiation of panicle emergence compared to control.
Effects of water hyacinth compost and biological agents (Trichoderma sp) on the growth and yield of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) in dry land Lehar, Laurensius; Proklamita, Tri Luchi; Arifin, Zainal
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.74820

Abstract

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of leading vegetable commodities intensively cultivated by farmers for a long time, including farmers in East Nusa Tenggara (ENT). The purpose of this study was to produce water hyacinth compost with ability to interact with Trichoderma sp. in order to improve the shallot bulb quality cultivated in dry land. This factorial experimental research was arranged in a Split Plot Design with 10 treatments and 3 replications. There were 10 treatment combinations with 30 experimental plots. Two factors were tested in this research. The first factor was the water hyacinth compost as the main plot, namely: 15 ton ha⁻¹ water hyacinth compost (K1) and without water hyacinth compost (K2), while the second factor as a sub-plot was the concentration of Trichoderma sp., consisting of watering with plain water (as control) of 100 mL(P0), watering with a concentration of Trichoderma sp. 5 mL.L⁻¹ (P1), watering with a concentration of Trichoderma sp. 10 mL.L⁻¹ (P2), watering with Trichoderma sp. concentration 15 mL.L⁻¹ (P3) and watering with Trichoderma sp. 20 mL.L⁻¹ (P4). The treatment of water hyacinth compost fertilizer at 15 tons ha⁻¹ with a concentration of Trichoderma sp 20 mL.L⁻¹ resulted in the highest number of shallot leaves (84.27 strands) and tillers (10.82). The shallot bulb weight per plot was 2455.33 g, and the number of bulbs per plot was 350.40 bulbs.
Response of mineral formulation towards different growth phases of arabica coffee in lowland Wulanjari, Distiana; Wijaya, Ketut Anom; Rosyady, Muhammad Ghufron; Suwardiyanto, Suwardiyanto; Meliala, Susan Barbara Patricia Sembiring; Setiyono, Setiyono; Farisi, Oria Alit
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.76043

Abstract

Arabica coffee cultivation is limited by altitude, which affects its production. Some farmers in Jember Regency are innovating to grow arabica coffee in the lowland, but the potential for leaf rust disease is quite high. Plant natural resistance can be enhanced by adding minerals formulation (containing silica, iodine, and calcium). This research aimed to determine which phase is more effective for applying mineral formulation that induces plant resistance. The formulation was tested on arabica coffee plants grown at the lowland (460 masl) in Jember Regency on 12 years old (y.o) mature and 1 y.o immature plants. One formulation was dissolved in 14 L of water and applied by foliar feeding. The effect was analyzed using two-way T-test of two samples assuming unequal variances at 95% confidence level to determine the differences. The analysis showed that the plants supplemented with the formulation could increase the variables that supported the natural resistance of plants (both mechanically and through the production of chemical compounds), such as polyphenol content, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, total dissolved protein, vitamin C, reducing sugar, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and iodine content in the plant. The response of the formulation application showed that the most resistance variables was better in 1 y.o immature plants than in 12 y.o mature plants. The application of mineral formulation in immature phase will have a better impact on increasing natural resistance, and it has the potential to be used as a supplement for arabica coffee plants cultivated in the lowland.
Anatomical responses of roots and yield of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) to K fertilization doses Shodiq, Muhammad Syaiful; Susila Putra, Eka Tarwaca; Rofiqo Irwan, Siti Nurul
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 2 (2024): August
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.76188

Abstract

Cocoa is one of important commodities for the economy of Indonesia. However, national exports of the commodity has declined due to decreasing of domestic cocoa production. For enhancing cocoa production, potassium fertilization is required. Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient in the physiology, anatomy, and yields processes. Anatomically, K is needed in the elongation of meristem tissue as well as for increasing the yields of fruit and seed. The objectives of this research included the study of the effect of K fertilizer dose and determination of optimum K doses on root anatomy development as well as the yield of cocoa pods. This research was conducted on the cocoa plantation of PT. Pagilaran. Applied doses of K fertilization consisted of 0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 g KCl/plant in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 replications. Observed variables consisted of root anatomy and yield of cocoa pods. The results indicated that the dose of K fertilization significantly influenced both stele and xylem diameters of cocoa roots but insignificantly effected the thickness of cork tissue, phloem diameter, and the thickness of cambium tissue. Moreover, the dose also showed significant effect on the number of beans per pod, the weight of 100 beans, as well as the fresh and dry weight of beans per plant. It was also revealed that the dose showed no significant effect on length, diameter, and weight of the cocoa pods. It implied that K fertilization dose had effect on root anatomical properties and yield of cacao. 
Utilization of Actinomycetes to increase phosphate availability at different soil moisture conditions in Andisols Namanteran, North Sumatera M Reza Alfikri; T Sabrina; Asmarlaili Sahar
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.77785

Abstract

The high phosphate retention in Andisols causes the availability of P to be low, can not be absorbed by plants. Actinomycetes are capable of solubilizing bound phosphates. This research aimed to identify Actinomycetes in Andisols Namanteran, assess their ability to increase phosphate availability, and understand how they work to increase phosphate availability in this soil. The research design used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors; factor 1 was Actinomycetes isolate, consisting of A₀ = No Inoculant, A₁ = Inoculant A₁₃₂ (vegetable crops; 32 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹), A₂ = A₄₆₈ (forest plants; 41 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹), A₃ = A₄₅₈ (forest plant; 58 × 10⁸ CFUmL⁻¹), A₄ = A₄₇₁ (coffee plant; 35 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹), A₅ = A₄₅₉ (forest plant; 63 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹), A₆ = A₃₂₁ (hibiscus plant; 37 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹), and A₇ = A₃₅₆ (vegetable plant; 33 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹), and factor 2 was soil water content, consisting of K₁ = 50%, K₂ = 75% and K₃ = 100% of field capacity. The results showed that the availability of P in Andisols increased due to the application of Actinomycetes from 42.46 ppm to 159.20−266.60 ppm. The population of Actinomycetes in Actinomycetes treatment ranged from 27.33−31.58 × 10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹), with a soil pH of 4.41. Water content of 100% was the best in increasing soil pH and Actinomycetes population, but not having significant effects on the available P of the soil. The results of molecular identification of Actinomycetes that have the best potential in dissolving P include A₃>A₅>A₂>A₄>A₁.
Drought tolerance selection of several tomato varieties by using polyethylene glycol Sholeh Avivi; Novrida Yanti Sitompul; Tri Agus Siswoyo; Mohammad Ubaidillah
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.80278

Abstract

A prolonged dry season can cause drought stress and have an unfavorable impact on the growth of tomato plants, resulting in crop failure. Therefore, research is needed on the resistance of tomato varieties to drought stress. The recommended technique for drought resistance screening in tomatoes is in vitro cultivation using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG). The research aimed to obtain new varieties that could be used as promising lines for varieties tolerant to drought stress. The research method used included using ingredients in the form of 5 varieties of tomatoes (Ratna, Intan, Chung, Palupi, and Amelia) and 5 concentrations of PEG chemicals (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). Each seed of each tomato variety that had been sterilized using hypochlorite was germinated on MS0 media, then the germinated seeds with a size of ± 0.3 cm were transferred to MS0 + PEG treatment medium with each treatment concentration. The seeds that had been planted on the PEG-treated medium were then observed for growth for ± 4 weeks. The research data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with DMRT at the 5% significance level. Based on the results, Palupi variety is the most tolerant variety, and Ratna variety is the most intolerant variety to drought stress. The higher the concentration of PEG used, the more it inhibits plant height, root length, and fresh weight of the roots.
Effects of seed size and nursery media on the germination and seedling growth of Plukenetia conophora Nwakuche Chinenye Onwubiko; Raymond Onyedikachi Enwereji
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2023): December
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.80771

Abstract

Research on the effects of seed size, soil-based and soilless media to determine the best condition for increased seedling production of African walnut was carried out at the green house of Department of Crop Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri. Seed size was categorized into 10.23 to 10.31g (for large seeds) and below 10.23g (for small seeds). Soil-based nursery medium was sawdust mixed with topsoil volume by volume (v/v) 1:1, while soilless was sawdust alone. The experiment was a 2×3 factorial in a complete randomized design with 6 replications. Data were collected on number of days to emergence, plant height at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after planting (WAP), and number of leaves at 4, 8, and 12 WAP. Data collected were tested with analysis of variance (ANOVA), and treatment means were separated with Fishers least significant difference at 5% level of probability. Result showed that large seeds planted on soil-based media performed best in all the assessed traits. The inference is that high quality seedlings of African walnut can be produced by planting large seeds in soil-based media.
Variability of fruit shelf-life of commercial tomatoes and their hybrids crossing with insensitivity ethylene mutant tomato Sletr1-2 Wiguna, Gungun; Bachtiar, Nedya Putri; Anas, Anas; Wicaksana, Noladhi; Mubarok, Syariful; Saadah, Imas Rita
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.82772

Abstract

Tomatoes are climacteric fruits that experience a surge in respiration rate and ethylene production. This condition affects the fruits’ physiological deterioration, shortens their shelf-life, and degrades the quality of tomatoes. The study aimed to enhance the shelf-life of commercial tomatoes with different genetic backgrounds by utilizing the Sletr1-2 mutant, which has a lower sensitivity to ethylene. A randomized block design (RBD) was applied to achieve this goal, where 12 different plant genotypes were considered as treatments, and each treatment was replicated four times.  The results showed that fruit shelf-life was extended by crossing commercial tomatoes with Sletr1-2 mutant tomatoes. Genetic variability for all shelf-life characteristics were narrow. In contrast, there were broad phenotypic variability for fruit hardness and weight loss characteristics.
Characteristics and classification of the peat at Toba Highland, North Sumatera, Indonesia Sarifuddin, Sarifuddin; Sitohang, Ester Juliana; Mukhlis, Mukhlis
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.83931

Abstract

Peatland serves as a crucial natural resource with hydrological and other environmental functions essential for all living organisms. In some regions, peat soil isn't limited to lowland areas, it is also found in highland areas. This study is a survey research aiming to examine the characteristics of the highland peatlands of Toba North Sumatera, namely in the Village of Matiti II, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatera and lowland peatlands as control of peatlands in general in Sidomulyo Village, Bilah Hilir Subdistrict, Labuhan Batu. The study employed a survey research approach with a descriptive method to determine the differences in the characteristics of highland Toba peat soils. In each area, a representative profile was made, and the soil morphology, characteristics and classification were observed according to the 2014 soil taxonomic classification. Soil samples were taken from each layer in the soil profile for soil analysis in the laboratory. Soil analysis included bulk density, pH H₂O, pH NaF, CEC, base saturation, organic C, total N, C/N, electrical conductivity (EC) and ash content. The results showed that the difference in altitude directly affected the microclimate and the hydrologic conditions, which in turn affected the characteristics of the peat soil. In the context of the Toba highland, the main source of peat soils comes from rainfall. In contrast with the peatland of the lowlands, where the impact of tides is a significant factor, the peat of the Toba highland is affected by the surrounding hills.
Humic acid enriched with urea and NPK factory by-products promoted the growth and yield of Saccharum officinarum L. Aziz, Muhammad Abdul; Fitriyah, Fauziatul; Wahyuni, Sri; Arisandy, Poppy; Fadila, Hana; Siregar, Valdi Muhamad Rafiansyah; Sulastri, Sulastri; Luktyansyah, Insyiah Meida; Priyono, Priyono; Siswanto, Siswanto
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Vol 9, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada jointly with PISPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ipas.83960

Abstract

Nutrient uptake efficiency in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) must be increased using organic matter to restore soil fertility, resulting in greater productivity. The humic substance is a complex organic material that is excellent for overcoming this challenge. This study aimed to determine the effect of the humic acid enriched by liquid urea by-product (PSUC) and liquid NPK by-product (PSNC) application on the growth and productivity of sugarcane. The experiment was conducted from October 2021 to September 2022 on PT RNI plantation land, Jatitujuh, Majalengka. The research was arranged in a completely randomized (CRD) using two different humic acid product prototypes (PSUC and PSNC) with two evaluation times, a screening and a semi-pilot scale. Solid humic at a dose of 15 Kg ha⁻¹ was applied by mixing it with inorganic fertilizers, while liquid humic at a total dose of 15 L ha⁻¹ was applied by foliar spray technique at 1, 2, and 3 months after planting (MAP). The results showed that applying humic acid PSUC and PSNC enhanced sugarcane shoot growth, segmented stem number, and diameter. In addition, it could consistently promote sugarcane yields on the semi-pilot scale up to 19.18% and 24.26% under humic acid PSUC and PSNC treatments, respectively. Therefore, both in the screening and semi-pilot evaluation, the solid and liquid humic acid PSUC and PSNC applied simultaneously are potential organic materials to enhance sugarcane growth and yield.

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