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INDONESIA
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 14104830     EISSN : 25021966     DOI : -
Core Subject :
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 869 Documents
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INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: THE IMPLEMENTATION AND ITS CHALLENGES Laely Nurhidayah
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v13i1.96

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai Negara kepulauan masih menghadapi permasalahan dalam manajemen sumber daya laut and pesisir. Kerusakan terumbu karang, mangrove serta overfishing adalah salah satu indikator adanya permasalahan dalam manajemen sumber daya laut. Permasalahan ini termasuk tumpang tindihperaturan perundangan, kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat, dan konflik penggunaan pesisir dan sumber daya laut. Pengelolaan Pesisir Terpadu adalah pendekatan untuk mencapai keberlanjutan sumber daya laut dan pesisir seperti yang termaktub dalam Agenda 21 dan telah banyak diterapkan di berbagai negera. Pendekatan Pesisir terpadu adalah pendekatan baru yang menggantikan pendekatan sektoral yang dalam kenyataanya pendekatan sektoral ini tidak mampu mengatasi permasalahan kompleks manajemen sumber daya pesisir dan laut. Pengelolaan Pesisir Terpadu adalah pengintegrasian dan harmonisasi hukum, kebijakan dan kerjasama semua pemangku kepentingan dalam manajemen sumber daya laut dan pesisir. Tulisan ini mengkaji permasalahan dan tantangan pengelolaan pesisir laut terpadu di Indonesia, terutama dengan masih tumpang tindihnya peraturan perundang-undangan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya laut dan pesisir, kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dan konflik lahan.Kata Kunci : integrated coastal zone management, partisipasi publik, manajemen konflik
POLICY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON LITERATURE: SOEHARTO AND MAO Nurni Wuryandari
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v13i1.97

Abstract

Sastra dan kebijakan pemerintah sering dianggap tak dapat dipisahkan. Sastra memiliki fungsi untuk menyampaikan pesan atau tujuan politik, juga menjadi alat untuk menyampaikan kritik. Membandingkan antara Indonesia dengan Cina, Indonesia memiliki situasi yang berbeda dengan Cina. Pemerintah Indonesia tidak pernah menggunakan sastra sebagai alat untuk menyampaikan kebijakan, dan tidak menjadikan sastra sebagai agenda penting dalam rapat-rapat partai. Akan tetapi keputusan-keputusan politik pemerintah, atau instruksiinstruksi presiden, yang sering kali didukung kekuatan militer, juga membawa dampak pada sastra dan tren sastra. Sementara karena fungsi dari sastra yang salah satunya bisa dijadikan alat menyampaikan kritik, pemerintah Cina sangat peka terhadap sastra. Mereka sering menggunakan kekuasaan untuk mengawasi sastra, dan juga menggunakan sastra untuk menyampaikan kebijakan-kebijakannya. Situasi seperti ini membuat sastra di Cina memiliki hubungan erat dan langsung dengan pemerintah. Garis-garis politik pemerintah seringkali menentukan tren sastra di sana. Berdasarkan kasus-kasus di kedua negara tersebut, khususnya dalam periode Soeharto dan Mao Zedong, dapat dilihat bahwa sastra dapat memiliki hubungan langsung atau tidak langsung dengan kebijakan pemerintah, dan hubungan ini membawa dampak positif dan negatif pada sastra dan tren sastra pada kurun waktu tertentu.Kata Kunci : pemerintah, kebijakan, sastra, tren sastra
OTONOMI DAERAH DAN PERMASALAHANNYA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KELAUTAN Masyhuri Imron
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v13i1.98

Abstract

Since 1999, based on Law No. 22 of 1999 as revised by Law No. 32 of 2004, Indonesia has implementeed local autonomy in the marine sector. In those regulations, central government delegates his authority to manage 12 miles of the sea to provincial and one third of it to the district/municipalgovernment. However, there are many problems which impacted to the ineffectiveness of the local marine management. The most serious problem is the exclusion of local community roles in marine management. As one recommendation of this writing, the increase of community participation should be supported, and traditional management system should be revitalized. Keywords: Local autonomy; Marine Management; Community Participation.
GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM KONFIGURASI NEGARA KESEJAHTERAAN VERSI 1945: TINJAUAN KRITIS TATA KELOLA PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA Anas Saidi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v13i1.99

Abstract

The implementation of good governance is very popular since the successful implementation of local government autonomy inIndonesia. Efficiency, effectivity, accountability, transparency, and participation, as the key principles in the application of good governance have been successful in lessening the emerging bad governance that in the past had been the prime character of Indonesian bureaucracy. The suggestion to the need of mindsetchanges of government system to apply bureaucracy entrepreneurship principles have been the only paradigm in the governance of local government in Indonesia. The overstated spirit in supporting those principles makes us easily address critical question on whether good governance is not merely as a tool of a neutral ideological interest. Is there any possibility for good governance to have hidden agenda that finally place market as the main source of chance contradictory to welfare state principles as stated in Indonesian Constitution of 1945; or whether good governance is a need for transition period that can be utilized as a step to achieve welfare state. This writing is aimed at addressing critical review on: how the good governance that has many positive results can be utilized as the main referenced in running the government in reform era, that is contrary to the principles of welfare state version in the Indonesian Constitution of 1945. If the hypothesis of there is ideologically-significant difference between good governance and welfare state is true, then at least there is a need for responding critically the journey of good governance in gaining its final purpose. In other words, there is a need of rethinking or reviewing the hegemony of mindset in the whole stakeholders, which is believed as the only way to gain people welfare. The question then do we capable of redesigning good governance which has final purpose to gain welfare state principles as dreamed by Indonesian Constitution of 1945.Keywords: good governance, welfare state, governance of local government.
DIMENSI-DIMENSI SOSIAL DAN BUDAYA DALAM KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN, DAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM Rusdi Syahra
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 14 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v14i3.100

Abstract

This article aims to discuss the extent to which social and cultural dimensions have been taken into account in the whole process of negotiations and agreements regarding the mitigation the impacts of and adaptation to climate change. Almost 18 years have passed since the establishment of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1995, and 18 annual Conference of Parties (COP) have been held since then to set up agreements on the mitigation of climate change, but long and heated debates had taken place as to how to implement the agreements. It has been widely argued that social and cultural dimensions may have significant contribution in constraining the implementation of the agreements on the emission reduction of green house gasses (GSGs), especially when national interests have become a matter of non-negotiable. On the other hand some experts believe that social structures and cultural frameworks of individual countries could become the bases for concerted efforts by local communities to mitigate and adapt to climate change beyond the large scheme of the international agreements. Meanwhile Indonesia can play a strategic role in mitigating the impacts of global warming given the vast forest area at its disposal and can reap the benefits from carbon trading when land disputes with indigenous people and forest dependent communities could be settled. Keywords: environmental degradation, climate change, social dimension, cultural dimension, mitigation, adaptation, indigenous people
GEJALA PERUBAHAN IKLIM, DAMPAK DAN STRATEGI ADAPTASINYA PADA WILAYAH DAN KOMUNITAS NELAYAN DI KECAMATAN BLUTO, KABUPATEN SUMENEP Ratna Indrawasih
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 14 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v14i3.101

Abstract

This article discusses the results of research in Sumenep, East Java Province. The purpose of the research is to understand the community perceptions on natural conditions and symptons related to climate change; to understand the impact of the climate change to the coastal environmental and livelihood activities; and to identify how the adaptations made strategy developed on the economic activity. The study was using a qualitative approach. Collecting data was carried out through in-depth interviews with the help of an interview guide. Purposive selection of informants and snowball step is then performed. The results showed that climate change and its impacts have been felt by the people in the District of Bluto, even though they do not understand that the time shift transition seasons, the rainy season to the dry season is the symptoms of climate change. The impacts felt by people such as reduced income to meet their economic needs, adding to the reduction in yield from the sea as a fisherman, was also unable to obtain additional land, because they can not grow tobacco. An adaption strategy undertaken by fishermen is to do seaweed farming and the farmers to grow herbal chilly. Keywords: climate change, impact, strategy of adaptation, fisherman
PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN KASUS MALARIA: PEMAHAMAN DAN PERILAKU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN KEBUMEN Augustina Situmorang; Widayatun Widayatun; Zainal Fatoni; Yuly Astuti; Sari Seftiani
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 14 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v14i3.102

Abstract

Previous studies indicate that the complexity of malaria transmission in certain areas is influenced by the indirect impact of climate change as well as non-climate factors, such as population mobility, behaviour and their access to health services. This paper aims to discuss the knowledge, understanding and health behaviour of rural community related to malaria and climate change. Information presented in this paper is mainly based on field research conducted in Kebumen District in 2010, and supported by a desk review of secondary data, related documents and previous studies. The study shows that several areas (village or sub-district) in Kebumen are vulnerable to malaria. Trend of malaria tends to increase during the last three years (2008-2010), meanwhile malaria outbreaks occur almost every year in different places. Even though local people are aware of the weather and temperature changes in their areas, they have not linked it with climate change phenomenon. People’s knowledge of malaria in terms of the source of the disease, the tranmission of malaria and the various method of malaria prevention is relatively limited and has not been practiced in their daily life. Therefore, an active participation of the government, the private sector and the local community is needed to address this situation. Keywords: malaria, climate change, knowledge and behaviour, rural community, Kebumen district
DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PETANI TAMBAK GARAM DI KABUPATEN SAMPANG DAN SUMENEP Tikkyrino Kurniawan; Achmad Azizi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 14 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v14i3.103

Abstract

The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) has proclaimed Salt Self-Suficiency since 2011 and established Salt Producing Community Empowerment Program (PUGAR) under the Directorate General of Coastal Marine and Small Islands (KP3K) to support it. This article was based on a research conducted in Sampang and Sumenep Districts from February to August 2012. Data was collected by using purposive sampling and analysed by descriptive method. Climate gives huge contribution to salt production because the process uses evaporation techniques onto salt ponds that depends on the weather and climate. Rainfall is one of the decreased of elements that influence salt production. The research shows that without an adaptation strategy, the rain might cause significant reduction in salt production. In addition, strong winds and hurricanes destroy the indmills and salt warehouses; tide high waves damages the ponds; and soil abrasion will reduce the number of salt ponds. This research recommends an adaptation strategy based on the knowledge about climate that can be used to forecast the volume of salt import and to determine the time frame and the amount of PUGAR needed. Keywords: climate impact, salt farmers, dry season, forecasting, adaptation strategy.
KERENTANAN PENAMBAK GARAM AKIBAT PERUBAHAN MUSIM HUJAN DI DESA RANDUTATAH, KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO Ary Wahyono
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 14 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v14i3.104

Abstract

This paper describes the vulnerability of salt farmers due to changes in rainy season caused by climate change. This paper also discusses about its effect on the working relationship between salt pond owners and salt farmers that need to adapt to this climate change or managing the risk sharing between parties. Salt farming is the main source of income of the people in coastal area in Probolinggo, East Java. The risk of salt pond harvest failure is relatively smaller than shrimp pond or fish pond. Salt pond farming is less like in to subject to crop disease or seed mortality, or any other problems that may happen on other farmings. Nonetheless, the salt farming at present faces difficulties since the global warming change the rainy season has changed. Usually the rainy and dry season was predictable, therefore the salt farmers are able to plan their income sources. Salt farming business is the activity conducted during dry season; and during rainy season, salt farmer work as crop workers, or fishermen. Unpredicted rainy season makes salt farmers unable to schedule salt farm production. The rain melts the salt, therefore the salt farmer has to start all over again. Keywords: climate change, social vulnerability, salt pond, salt farmer
STRATEGI MITIGASI DAN ADAPTASI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN IKLIM: STUDI KASUS KOMUNITAS NAPU DI CAGAR BIOSFER LORE LINDU Y. Purwanto; J. Suryanto
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 14 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : LIPI Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v14i3.105

Abstract

Global climate change influences poverty phenomena and will be a challenge to community because its impact in the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem degradation. Ecosystem degradation that is brought about by climate change will affect the communities that depend on biodiversity for their livelihoods. The objective of this study are to gather knowledge and Napu community capabilities regarding to develop adaptation strategy in order to manage their biological resources. The study conducted in 2012 in Napu valley area, in the buffer zone and transition area of Lore Lindu Biosphere Reserve shows that communities have good knowledge about biodiversity and ecosystem types and spatial arrangement. Napu community knows and beliefs that climate change is the indicator of unpredictable temperature, dry season, rain season, and quantity of precipitation. Based on those conditions Napu community develops adaptation strategy with cultivation development, mixed cropping, changed in the varieties of crops, and other technique. Keywords: adaptation strategy, natural and biological resources management, climate change, Napu community Lore Lindu biosphere reserve

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