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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 14104830 EISSN : 25021966 DOI : -

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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.

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Articles 869 Documents

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ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS FILM “PUTERI GIOK”: CERMIN ASIMILASI PAKSA ERA ORDE BARU Marta, Rustono Farady
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 17, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Abstrak Media massa merupakan salah satu sarana bagi setiap bangsa untuk memperkenalkan perjalanan sejarahnya dari masa ke masa. Salah satu perekam jejak yang paling efektif adalah film nasional. Film nasional dapat merefleksikan proses konstruksi identitas yang ditampilkan, baik visual maupun nonverbal. Salah satu film nasional yang menggambarkan hal tersebut adalah “Puteri Giok” yang dibesut oleh Maman Firmansjah pada tahun 1980. Film tersebut berkisah mengenai konflik tentang asimilasi melalui relasi seorang remaja putri bernama Han Giok Nio dan Han Tek Liong sebagai kakaknya. Konflik muncul akibat opini TuanVijay, rekan bisnis Han Liong Swie, ayah Giok dan Tek Liong, mengenai hubungannya dengan Herman seorang pribumi. Kemarahannya memuncak hingga menggunduli rambut Giok. Tak pelak, Tek Liong mendatangi kantor TuanVijay untuk menyadarkannya melalui Pancasila serta semboyan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika yang dipahaminya sebagai upaya meredam rasialisme. Peneliti menggunakan wacana Leeuwen untuk menyibak pola bercerita film yang mengetengahkan tokoh minoritas yang dibungkam dari berbagai tataran identitasnya, bahkan seakan-akan memperjuangkan terjadinya pembauran. Film ini memperlihatkan adanya doktrin Pancasila serta subordinasi dari pemangku kebijakan di era pemerintah Orde Baru melalui BP 7 dan BAKOM PKB serta doktrin Pancasila. Selain itu, praktik-praktik diskursif berupa “asimilasi paksa” tampak melalui wacana film. Kata kunci: Film Nasional, Wacana Kritis Leeuwen, Asimilasi Paksa Abstract Mass media is one way for each nation to introduce their history now and then. One of the most effective track records is the national movie, which reflects the process of identity construction both visual and nonverbal. The national movie "Puteri Giok"—directed by Maman Firmansjah in 1980—told the story of a teenage girl, namely Han Giok Nio and her brother, Han Tek Liong, who dealt with assimilation issue. Conflict arised from the opinion of Mr. Vijay as a business partner of Han Liong Swie, the father of Giok and Tek Liong about her relationships with Herman—a “pribumi”, which led to cut Giok’s hair bald. In the conflict, Pancasila and the motto ‘Unity in Diversity’ were understood to prevent racism. Researcher used Leeuwen critical discourse to uncover the pattern of the movie, which muted the minority figures from their identities, even as though fighting for assimilation. The movie shows that there was Pancasila doctrinal as well as assimilation that reflected the subordination of the New Order regime through BP 7 and Bakom PKB. Moreover, the discursive practices in the movie also showed the "forced assimilation". Keywords : National Movie , Leeuwen Critical Discourse, Forced Assimilation

Ectasy Gaya Hidup: Kebudayaan Pop dalam Masyarakat Komoditas Indonesia Haba, John
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 2, No.1 (1998)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Idi Subady Ibrahim (editor), Mizan, Bandung April 1997

NELAYAN SELAT NASIK DAN ALTERNATIF PEMBERDAYAAN Imron, Masyuri
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 8, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Selat Nasik is a district in Kabupaten Belitung. Most of the people living in this area are fishermen, who live in poverty. Among the causes of their poverty are simplicity of their fishing gear, and no market access. To develop fishing gear, fulfill their daily needs and operational cost for fishing, some of them borrow money from fish trader. However, this has created dependency, and on the consequence, their fishes are bought in a cheaper price. To empower fishermen in this area, many aspects should be attended. Firstly, institutional replaces of the role of fish traders. This institution is expected to help provides capital forfishermen, and in return the payment should be adapted with the fishermen fluctuative income. Secondly, to handle limited access to market, there is a need to build a TPI (place for fishing auction) in the area. The existence of TPI is expected to increase the price of fish, because only traders with highest bargains get fish from fishermen. Last but not least, participation of local people in deciding adequate empowerment programme is a necessity, keeping in mind that fishermen are subjects of empowerment, not as an object. Kata Kunci: Nelayan; kemiskinan; pemberdayaan

DINAMIKA RELASI SOSIAL-KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT AHMADIYAH DAN NON-AHMADIYAH Sulistyati, Mardian
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Religious sentiment is often called as primary factor behind the many cases of violent conflict in Indonesia. Nevertheless, many contemporary studies on conflict and peace showed that trigger variables of conflict are not only varied but also layered and unique. This article reveals about the relational model and management between JAI (Jemaat Ahmadiyah Indonesia/Indonesian Ahmadiyya Community) and non-JAI in the rural Manislor. By phenomenology, this study looked at the depth of relations, perceptions, and conceptions of both groups; and by genetic structuralism of Bourdieu, this study revealed the relationships that unite and integrate of these two groups. Some of the findings appeared that besides the theological factor, the variables such as group sentiments, space separation, identity polemic, economical jealousy, political jealousy and elite interference, contribute to the segregation and conflict between them. Thus, this is the the strengthening of social bonding such as local habituations and local wisdoms is an urgent matter to build a suistainable peace. As well as the agents of civil society, with their own way, must be readily to care and control the mechanisms of conflict resolution. Dalam berbagai kasus konflik kekerasan yang marak terjadi di Indonesia, sentimen agama sering dikatakan sebagai faktor utama dibaliknya. Namun demikian, studi-studi kontemporer atas konflik dan perdamaian, menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang menjadi pemicu konflik bukan saja beragam, tetapi juga berlapis dan unik. Tulisan ini mengkaji model relasi dan pengelolaan relasional antarkelompok beragama JAI dan non-JAI di Permukiman Desa Manislor. Dengan menggunakan kaca mata fenomenologi, penelitian ini melihat kedalaman relasi, persepsi, dan konsepsi kedua kelompok; serta dengan sudut pandang strukturalisme genetik Bourdieu, penelitian ini mengungkap relasi kedua kelompok yang bersifat menyatukan dan mengintegrasi di tengah tarik-menarik situasi kultural dan kekuasaan yang melingkupinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor sepertisentimen kelompok, pemisahan ruang, polemik identitas, kecemburuan ekonomi, kecemburuan politik, hingga interfensi elit, turut menyumbang segregasi konflik antara masyarakat JAI dan non-JAI di Manislor, di samping faktor teologis. Namun demikian, pada saat bersamaan penelitian ini juga menguak faktor-faktor kultural-tradisi yang justru memperkuat ikatan kewargaan antarkelompok, bahkan ketika dalam keadaan bertikai sekalipun. Pada akhirnya, penelitian ini menemukan urgensitasnya: pengarus utama anhabituasi-habituasi lokal sebagai resolusi konflik dalam upaya membangun binadamai nirkekerasan. Begitu pula agen-agen civil society yang dengan caranya masing-masing, merupakan potensi penting dalam pengembangan mekanisme penanganan konflik.

KOPRODUKSI DAN SINERGISME: PERGESERAN PARADIGMA DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK Syahra, Rusydi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 7, No 1 (2005)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This article seeks to discuss a shift in paradigm in public service policy from full government responsibility toward the larger participation of civil society in public service provision. The dominant paradigm is that conventionally the government positions itself as the provider of services, whereas the people perceive themselves as the beneficiaries because as the tax payers they assume every right to enjoy the services. However this paradigm has been challenged by the fact that in recent development the governments in many countries have shown their inability to shoulder the full responsibility in public services and have rendered part of the responsibility to the communities. A number of studies conducted in these countries concluded that there is a tendency toward an increase in civic engagement in the forms of coproduction and synergy between the government and the communities in service provision. Recent government policies in several municipalities in Brazil that allow citizens’ participation in the planning, budgeting, implementing and monitoring many kinds of public services are provided as an example to show that a new paradigm is being adopted to replace the old one. In Indonesia, despite a longtime recognition of community participation in development in the form of swadaya masyarakat or community contribution in development, in most instances the government still perceives itself as the sole benefactor of public services. Some structural and cultural problems must be addressed before the new paradigm can be fully adopted in this country.

KYAI SELEBRITI DAN MEDIA BARU kiptiyah, siti mariatul
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Tulisan ini menganalisis munculnya kyai selebriti di Indonesia utamanya pada K.H. Anwar Zahid yang ceramahnya banyak diunggah di media YouTube. Model dakwah dari waktu ke waktu terus berubah, dan ceramah di YouTube adalah salah satu bentuk bagaimana dakwah disebarluaskan melalui media baru. Studi ini akan menguji seberapa besar peran YouTube sebagai media baru dalam menciptakan otoritas baru bagi seorang kyai melalui pengajiannya. Kajian ini penting untuk melihat bagaimana kehadiran media baru memperkuat otoritas kyai sebagai pemimpin agama di masyarakat. Pertanyaan yang hendak saya jawab dalam penelitian ini adalah seperti apakah otoritas kyai di era media baru?. Bagaimana K.H. Anwar Zahid membangun otoritasnya?, serta, bagaimana K.H. Anwar Zahid menggunakan otoritas tersebut dalam ceramahnya?. Penelitian ini mengkombinasikan data empiris dan teoritis terhadap ceramah K.H. Anwar Zahid yang bersifat online (YouTube) dan offline (langsung). Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa media baru tidak menggeser otoritas tradisional seorang kyai sebagai pemimpin agama, tetapi justru otoritas tersebut semakin diperkuat dengan otoritas selebriti dari media baru yang mendapat pengakuan secara konsensus oleh masyarakat. This paper analyses the xin Indonesia, mainly on K.H. Anwar Zahid whose are widely uploaded in the YouTube. The model of has changed over time, and on YouTube is one of the models in which xis disseminated through new media. This study will examines how far the roles of YouTube as a new media in creating new authority for a . This study is important to see how the existence of new media strengthens the 's authority as a religious leader in society. The questions to be answered in this research are the following: How is ’s authority in the era of new media? How did K.H. Anwar Zahid builds his authority? How did K.H. Anwar Zahid use that authority in his dakwah? This research combines empirical and theoretical data on K.H. Anwar Zahid which explore the online (YouTube) and offline (direct) data. The results of this study indicate that the new media does not shift the traditional authority of a as a religious leader, but rather the authority is further strengthened with the celebrity’s authority of a new media that gets consensus recognition by the public.

PENGELOLAAN SUMBERDAYA AIR DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT: SEBUAH POTRET IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN EKONOMI HIJAU Sudiyono, Sudiyono
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 14, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This article discusses water scarcity that occured in West Nusa Tenggara Province, particularly in West Lombok District. The main cause of this nature calamity was the forest destruction at the upstream area. To overcome this problem, the West Lombok District Government have issued water resource management policy, popularly known as “Green Economy Policy”. According to the UNEP, the concept of green economy is one effort to improve human well-being and social equity, while at the same time may significantly reduce environmental risks and ecological scarcities. In other words, green economy is the new paradigm of nature resource management, which shifts this sectoral approach to integrated management. Implementation of this programs are as follows; reforestation at the water catchment area, planting of mangrove trees, village self-help energy program (program desa mandiri energi), thousand blue programs (program seribu biru), and environment public services program. How this program is carried out by the West Lombok District Government? This article aims to answer the question. Keywords: water scarcity, water resource management, green economy.

DINAMIKA SOSIAL SEBUAH DESA DI PINGGIRAN KOTA (STUDI KASUS MAGUWOHARJO, DIY) Aji, Gutomo Bayu
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Based on a research conducted in Maguwoharjo village, this article discusses the impact of regional reclassification from rural to rural-urban area. Without a good plan, urban expansion could create a problem of unplanned regional development, as well as environmental degradation. On the non-physical side, changes in rural to rural-urban has led to the emergence in main industry shifts from agricultural to services sectors. It also creates potential conflict as a result of in-migration to the region. Such problems would not be in existence if the development of urban region was wellplanned designed with the use of collaborative management that includes the government, private sectors and the society. Keywords: Urban expansion, urban fringe, social change

“De Particuliere Sadja”: Kelas Menengah Kota dan Politik Kewargaan di Kota Kolonial Surabaya Akhir Abad ke-19 Achdian, Andi; E. Chotin, Erna
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Dalam kepustakaan kontemporer di Indonesia, konsepsi tentang masyarakat sipil dan politik kewargaan telah menjadi tema penting yang mengisi kepustakaan ilmu sosial dan politik di Indonesia sejak dekade 1990an dalam menghadapi dominasi kekuasaan pemerintahan otoriter Orde Baru. Bagaimanapun, terdapat kelemahan dalam perkembangan konsep tersebut dengan ketiadaan rujukan historis dalam pengalaman sejarah Indonesia. Dengan menguraikan bagaimana perkembangan kehidupan masyarakat kota kolonial Surabaya pada paruh kedua abad ke-19 dan awal abad ke-20, artikel ini menunjukkan dimensi penting ruang kota dan praktek politik yang muncul di dalamnya sebagai landasan penting bagi kemunculan masyarakat sipil yang kuat untuk mewujudkan konsepsi ideal politik kewargaan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari warga. Tema yang muncul dalam tulisan ini dengan diharapkan dapat merangsang pembicaraan dan debat akademis di Indonesia terkait konsepsi tersebut seiring konteks perkembangan masyarakat Indonesia yang secara demografis berkembang menjadi masyarakat kota dalam waktu satu dekade ke depan. In the last three decades, civil society and citizenships has become key terms that entered the debates and dicussions about the prospects of democtratization in Indonesian society under the New Order regime in 1990s. However, due to the lack of historical perspectives and evidences, the debates and discussions about civil society and citizenships tems in the academic discourse in Indonesia has increasingly been left behind in the literatures. By focusing its analyses to the development of colonial city of Surabaya in the late nineteenth to the early twentieth century under the Dutch colonialism, this article seeks to highlight an interesting aspects that was neglected in the debates. This article presented the idea that the spatial aspect of the city and the dynamic development of city politics has become a crucial aspect in the development of strong civil society and the politics of citizenships in the Dutch colony at the time.

MEMAHAMI “BETAWI” DALAM KONTEKS CAGAR BUDAYA CONDET DAN SETU BABAKAN Windarsih, Ana
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 15, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

To know “Betawi” is interesting, but complex, as researchers and observers view “Betawi” according to their scientific background. The question about “Betawi”, who they are and how is the condition of “Betawi” lead to Jakarta’s government policies for cultural conservation for securing “Betawi”. The“Cagar Budaya Condet” and “Setu Babakan” is case study using in depth interview and observation for explaining and understanding the identity questions. The finding is the “Betawi” still exist and secured at Setu Babakan as “Cagar Budaya Condet” which were previously being estimated would be unsuccessful effort. Keywords: betawi, Condet cultural conservation and Setu Babakan

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