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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 14104830 EISSN : 25021966 DOI : -

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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.

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Articles 869 Documents

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INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT APPROACH FOR REDUCING SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN URBAN AREA: A CASE STUDY OF MARGINAL GROUPS IN KAMPUNG SEMANGGI, SOLO, CENTRAL JAVA Warsilah, Henny
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Since the 1980’s the paradigm of development in developing countries, especially in urban areas, has relied on the economic development with economic growth as the main output. This model tends to produce poverty, deprivation, and social exclusion. Social exclusion is a condition, in which individuals, families, and groups in the population do not have the social and political access toward social resources, lack of participation in social activities, and have inadequate living conditions and facilities. This development paradigm has been criticized as it only uses economic indicators and neglects other non-economical aspects. The challenge is to redefine or conceptualize the development in a wider term as a continuum process on a society or a social system led to social inclusion. It is a new approach, which develops an open environment and involves everyone from various backgrounds in the development process. As the development gap between rural and urban areas is getting wider, understanding social inclusion development is a need. Furthermore, President Joko Widodo’s (Jokowi) Nawacita declared that the State must be present among society; therefore, the development should start from the periphery to the centre in order to improve the quality of life, prosperity, and democracy. This paper aims to reconstruct the values of urban development along with the concept of social inclusion in order to increase the quality of life, social relationships, social cohesion, social participation, and social capital in Solo, Central Java. Keywords: social exclusion, social inclusion, inclusive development

Global Process and the Search of Identity: A Note on Cultural Tourism in Bali Pitana, I Gde
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 1, No.2 (1998)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Turisme telah menjadi penopang ekonomi di Bali. Dan ia juga telah menjadi penggerak utama perubahan social selama beberapa dekade ini. Turisme telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan di kebudayaan Bali. Di samping dampak terhadap ekonomi, peneliti-peneliti lain telah membuktikan bahwa turisme membawa dampak pada penduduk setempat, antara lain komodisasi seni dan dampak budaya lain: prafarasasi sangsi agama, upacara-upacara kegamaan atau objek keagamaan, efek konsumsi, pelacuran, tindak kejahatan, pengguna obat terlarang dan sebagainya. Namun demikian, penulis mengamati sisi lain yaitu keberagaman pada orang Bali malah semakin meningkat pada masa terakhir ini. Dengan semakin meningkatnya terhadap turisme, maka memperkuat rasa “kebalian” orang Bali.

MSAA DAN MRNIA BAGI RECOVERY DANA BLBI: SEBUAH JALAN KELUAR ATAU “JALAN UNTUK KELUAR” Kurniasari, Tri Widya
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 8, No 1 (2006)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

In performing its task to recovery, BPPN has an authority to manage assets guaranteed by debtors who have got BLBI after the monetery crisis in 1997. BPPN also has an authority to sell assets of debtors who have signed Master Settlement and Acquitition Agreement (MSAA) or Master Refinancing and Note Issuance Agreement (MRNIA). Both are the instruments, offered by BPPN as a recovery procedure. The assets can be sold directly by either BPPN or its representatives. Generally speaking, BPPN creates a holding company to manage the selling of assets of each organization group, who have signed the MSAA/MRNIA. However, many debtors of BLBI use these instruments as a way to escape their responsibility to return BLBI. This is caused by, among others, release and discharge clausuls in those agreement. It indicates that there is still the weaknesses in those agreement. Therefore, it must reviewed to make its clear. This article attempts to analyze those agreement, not only their status in the public and private law in this country but also the advantaged value of those agreement in the economic sector. In fact, those agreement can be the out of court settlement in the private law only but can’t abolish the demand in the public law. Keywords: MSAA, MRNIA, Dana BLBI, BPPN

STRATEGI ADAPTASI NELAYAN DESA TANJUNG BERAKIT DALAM MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN IKLIM Sudiyono, Sudiyono
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Climate change as a consequence of global warming has been discussed nationally, regionally and internationally. Most of the people, inclusing academicians, NGO activists, government as the policy makers, put great concerns on the impact of climate change. Indonesia as an archipelagic state consisting of 17000 islands with 81.000 km coastline has a high level of vurnerability. The fishermen is one the most vulnerable ones. This paper aims to draw the ways of Tanjung Berakit fishermen in Bintan-Riau islands in facing climate change in the recent days. The data were gathered qualitatively through interviews, observations and limited discussion with the fishermen as well as the related stakeholders. Result shows that they are very vulnerable to various environmental changes. They are also vulnerable because of low level health, education and skill, as well as lack of information, financial and means of production accesses; therefore, they have low capacity for adapting. In fact, they create their own adaptation strategies, including optimizing nonfisheries products, developing any grants and programs provided by the government or other stakeholders, as well as using their traditional networks to fulfill their basic needs. Keywords: fishermen, adaptation, climate change Perubahan iklim (climate change) sebagai dampak dari pemanasan global (global warming), telah menjadi bahan pembicaraan di berbagai forum, baik di tingkat nasional, regional, maupun di tingkat internasional. Dampak luas perubahan iklim terhadap kelangsungan hidup makluk di bumi, telah menarik perhatian orang dari berbagai kalangan masyarakat, para akademisi, pegiat lingkungan yang tergabung dalam lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM), dan pejabat pemerintah terkait yang terlibat dalam perumusan kebijakan. Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan yang terdiri dari 17000 pulau dan panjang pantai 81.000 km, memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi. Komunitas nelayan adalah salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang paling rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim. Pertanyaannya, bagaimana strategi nelayan Tanjung Berakit Bintan Kepulauan Riau menghadapi perubahan iklim yang terjadi pada tahun-tahun terakhir ini? Penelitian terhadap masalah itu dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam, pengamatan dan diskusi terbatas kepada para nelayan dan para pihak lain yang terlibat dalam kehidupan para nelayan di Tanjung Berikat itu. Penelitian telah menemukan bahwa kehidupan mereka sangat rentan terhadap berbagai bentuk fenomena perubahan lingkungan. Mereka juga memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi akibat berbagai keterbatasan yang membelit dirinya, seperti rendahnya tingkat kesehatan, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan dan keterampilan, terbatasnya akses informasi yang dapat menolong dirinya, terbatasnya modal finansial, terbatasnya kepemilikan dan penguasaan aset produksi, kesemuanya telah berkontribusi terhadap rendahnya kemampuan adaptasi nelayan. Berbagai strategi menghadapi kerentanan itu dilakukan dengan cara, yaitu mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan sumber daya laut selain ikan, mengembangkan secara maksimal bantuan dan program yang diberikan pihak pemerintah dan pihak lain, dan memanfaatkan jaringan tradisional dalam menjaga pemenuhan kebutuhan mereka mereka, walaupun masih sebatas pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok. Kata kunci: nelayan, adaptasi, perubahan iklim

STRATEGI BERTAHAN HIDUP MASYARAKAT DESA RAP RAP Fatimah, Nyayu
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 15, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The present study describes food security in Rap Rap Village, Tatapaan sub-District, South Minahasa District. This qualitative study use interview and observation. The results show that mapalus, a traditional value, has become a valuable asset in a social life. It has been embedded as culture in the Village of Rap Rap as the wealth basis in the society. Besides, mapalus implies a reciprocity principle, requiring the members of the society to help each other, either in good or bad time. This solidarity as an extended family has become a key and a driving force in the society. Keywords: poverty, food security, survival strategy

DINAMIKA KELOMPOK SOSIAL BUDAYA DI KOTA MAKASSAR: MEMUDARNYA STRATIFIKASI SOSIAL BERBASIS KETURUNAN Haris, Rochmawati
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Kota Makassar merupakan ibukota provinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki masyarakat sangat heterogen. Heterogenitas sosial tersebut turut dikontribusikan pula oleh keberadaan empat etnis besar, yaitu Bugis, Makassar, Mandar, dan Toraja. Masyarakat yang berasal dari keturunan bangsawan atau raja, menganggap diri mereka sebagai kelompok ”elite” karena memiliki strata sosial paling tinggi dibandingkan yang lain. Namun, stratifikasi sosial ini lama kelamaan luntur, begitu juga gelar kebangsawanan makin memudar, sehingga penggunaannya hanya terbatas pada kegiatan upacara adat atau ritual saja. Status sosial tidak lagi semata-mata didasarkan pada keturunan atau status kebangsawanan seseorang, melainkan ditentukan oleh tingkat pendidikan. Tulisan ini membahas dinamika kewargaan kelompok-kelompok sosial budaya yang saling berinteraksi dalam kehidupan Kota Makassar. Makassar as the capital city of South Sulawesi province has a diverse society. This social diversity is contributed by four big ethnics, which are Bugis, Makassar, Mandar, and Toraja. People whose ancestor is a patrician often claimed themselves as an elite group, the highest social level amongst others. Thus, this social stratum and patrician title have gradually disappeared, and as a result this usage is very limited during special custom ceremony. Stratum is no longer judged by ancestry or title, but mostly determined by the level of education. This paper explains the dynamic citizenship of socio-cultural groups which interact one another in Makassar.

POLICY AND ITS INFLUENCE ON LITERATURE: SOEHARTO AND MAO Wuryandari, Nurni
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 13, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Sastra dan kebijakan pemerintah sering dianggap tak dapat dipisahkan. Sastra memiliki fungsi untuk menyampaikan pesan atau tujuan politik, juga menjadi alat untuk menyampaikan kritik. Membandingkan antara Indonesia dengan Cina, Indonesia memiliki situasi yang berbeda dengan Cina. Pemerintah Indonesia tidak pernah menggunakan sastra sebagai alat untuk menyampaikan kebijakan, dan tidak menjadikan sastra sebagai agenda penting dalam rapat-rapat partai. Akan tetapi keputusan-keputusan politik pemerintah, atau instruksiinstruksi presiden, yang sering kali didukung kekuatan militer, juga membawa dampak pada sastra dan tren sastra. Sementara karena fungsi dari sastra yang salah satunya bisa dijadikan alat menyampaikan kritik, pemerintah Cina sangat peka terhadap sastra. Mereka sering menggunakan kekuasaan untuk mengawasi sastra, dan juga menggunakan sastra untuk menyampaikan kebijakan-kebijakannya. Situasi seperti ini membuat sastra di Cina memiliki hubungan erat dan langsung dengan pemerintah. Garis-garis politik pemerintah seringkali menentukan tren sastra di sana. Berdasarkan kasus-kasus di kedua negara tersebut, khususnya dalam periode Soeharto dan Mao Zedong, dapat dilihat bahwa sastra dapat memiliki hubungan langsung atau tidak langsung dengan kebijakan pemerintah, dan hubungan ini membawa dampak positif dan negatif pada sastra dan tren sastra pada kurun waktu tertentu.Kata Kunci : pemerintah, kebijakan, sastra, tren sastra

KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN “SIJORI” DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KEBUDAYAAN Aribowo, Sutamat
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

In the New Order era, President Soeharto, Prime Minister Mahathir Muhammad, and Prime Minister of Lee Kuan Yew developed a cooperation among three nearby states, which called “growth triangle” Singapura - Johor - Riau (Sijori). The approach used at that moment was “comparative advantage”. As a consequence of this approach, its orientation tends to be more quantitative rather than qualitative. Caring less for the qualitative issue has made the approach ‘ignore’ the problems of culture. Therefore, policies executed following the paradigm of “growth triangle” Sijori were merely seen from the perspective of economic and politics. This article tries to reflect and converse the cooperation of “growth triangle” in Kepulauan Riau from the perspective of culture. Particularly in answering the question on how the policies of culture in this area at past, present, and the future are. Keyword: Politics of culture, development policy, Sijori, Malay’s world.

Preface JMB Vol 18 No 3 2016 Sukmawati, MA, Anggy Denok
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

REVIVALISME MASYARAKAT ADAT DALAM POLITIK LOKAL DI INDONESIA PASCA-SOEHARTO: STUDI KASUS KOMUNITAS KAMPUNG NAGA, TASIKMALAYA, JAWA BARAT Mudzakkir, Amin
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 13, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Indigenous people is an important issue in the post-Suharto Indonesian politics. In the struggle over state power and capital, the discourse is used by both human rights activists and indigenous communities as their agenda. The process is described as “adat revivalism”. However, the 'indigenous' term was actually created from a certain social and intellectual process; which shall not taken for granted. In this term, the discourses of indigenous peoples become complexand dynamic. Based on that perspective, this article observes how Kampung Naga traditional community in Tasikmalaya, West Java, deals with government policy on tourism. Through the process of resistance and negotiations, it created a consensus among the community of Kampung Naga and the government.Keywords: Indigenous peoples, revivalism, on tourism policy, Kampung Naga

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