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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Sepuluh Provenans Kayu Mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) dari Parung Panjang, Jawa Barat Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ten Mangium Wood (Acacia mangium Willd.) Provenances from Parung Panjang, West Java Nurwati Hadjib; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Dian Setyaningsih
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 5, No 1 (2007): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Physical and mechanical properties of ten Mangium provenances have been studied in Forest Products Research and Development Center Bogor. The 14 years old Mangium was from Parung Panjang, Bogor, West Java, and the provenances were Kiriwo/Scrisa WP-PNG, Wipin District-PNG, Kini WP-PNG, Claudia River-Qld, Lake Muray-PNG, Mata Area WP-PNG, Bimadebun Village WP-PNG, Bilimo District-PNG, Kuru-PNG and Arufi Village-PNG. Test methods were referring to ASTM D.143-94 (ASTM 2002) for Methods of Testing Small Clear Specimen of Timber. The results showed that the highest density was Bimadebun Village WP-PNG (0.559 g/cm3) and the lowest was Kiriwo/Serisa WP-PNG (0.493 g/cm3), the highest MOE was Bimadebun Village WP-PNG (101,297 kg/cm2) and the lowest was Wipin District-NG (79,211 kg/cm2), the highest MOR was Bimadebun Village WP-PNG (708.5 kg/cm2) and the lowest was Kini WP-PNG (596.2 kg/cm2), the highest compression strength parallel to grain was Bimadebun Village WP-PNG (421.9 kg/cm2) and the lowest was Wipin District-PNG (342.1 kg/cm2), the highest shearing strength parallel to grain at radial was Arufi Village-PNG (66.2 kg/cm2) and the lowest was Claudia River-QLD (56.4 kg/cm2), the highest shearing strength parallel to grain at tangential was Kuru-PNG (74.4 kg/cm2) and the lowest was Lake Muray-PNG (48.3 kg/cm2). Based on values of its density, compression strength parallel to grain, shearing strength parallel to grain, the best Mangium provenance from Parung Panjang can be ordered as follow (1) Bimadebun Village WP-PNG, (2) Kuru-PNG, (3) Mata Area-PNG, (4) Arufi Village-PNG, (5) Bilimo District-PNG, (6) Kini WP-PNG, (7) Wipin District-PNG, (8) Kiriwo Serisa-PNG, (9) Claudia River-QLD and (10) Lake Muray-PNG.

Profitability and Market Chain Analyses of Sumatera Benzoin at Sampean Village District of Humbang Hasundutan North Sumatera Province Exas DL Gaol; Bintang C Simangunsong
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 2 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Sumatera benzoin is one of Indonesia’non-timber forest products and traditionally produced from Styrax community forest. This community forest has not been intensively managed due to lack of farmer’s market acces and its fluctuated gum prices. Profitability and market chains of benzoin bussines was then analysed. Fifteen farmers at Sampean Village - one of the Sumatera benzoin producer centres - were interviewed and observed. The average of forest area managed by a farmer was about 5 ha with gum production of 201.6 kg per year. The annual production cost and profit of a farmer were estimated about Rp. 4.99 millions and Rp.10.47 millions, respectively. When farmer’s labour was taken into account as a variable cost, the farmer’s profit would drastically decline to Rp. 1.47 millions per year, which was much lower than farmer’s income generated from padi or coffee plantations. Two type market chains of Sumatera benzoin were also identified: a main line and a secondary line. The secondary line was found as the most efficient market chain with value of Rp. 43000 per kg and had the highest farmer’s share of 69%.Key words: market chain, non-timber forest products, production cost, styrax forest, sumatera benzoin

Kajian Hubungan antara Kekuatan Sambungan Paku dengan Diameter Paku dan Berat Jenis Kayu pada Beberapa Kayu Indonesia Study on Correlation between Nail Connection Strength and Both Nail Diameter and Specific Gravity on Several Indonesian Wood Sucahyo Sadiyo; Agustina Suharti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

On a strong, stiff, and stable wood construction for structural purposes, wood connection on several elements on its constituent is generally performed. On this construction, wood connection is a critical point. The strength of this connection is affected by the strength of 3 components, i.e. the connector, the wood, and the connection type. In a truss of structural construction, element of its constituent will receive compressive or tensile loads. In a case of connection, such load is called lateral resistance. In this study, the nail and several Indonesian wood species namely Sengon, Meranti, Kamper, and Bangkirai representing the low, moderate, and high specific gravity, were utilized. Effect of the nail diameter as a connector and wood specific gravity on wood connection has been investigated.The main objective of this research was to study the correlation between nail connection strength in two types of loading (lateral and withdrawal), and both nail diameter and wood specific gravity on several Indonesian wood.Based on this study there was a positive correlation between nail diameter and wood specific gravity on lateral or withdrawal resistance. Increasing both the nail diameter and wood specific gravity, resulted in increasing the wood connection strength. Correlation model for lateral and withdrawal resistances using P as the ultimate load, D as nail diameter, and G as wood specific gravity, respectively were P = 19.95 GD2.07 and P = 38.02 G1.42D

Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Surian, Mangium, dan Pegagan serta Kombinasinya dalam Formula Krim (Antioxidant Activities of Mangium, Surian, and Pegagan Leaf Extracts and Its Combination in Cream Formulas) Rita K Sari; Nyoman J Wistara; Deded S Nawawi; Itje Wintarsih; Dewi R Agungpriyono; L N Sutardi; Mawar Subangkit; Vetnizah Juniantito
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 14, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The simplicia properties of toona (TS), mangium (AM), and centella (CA) leaves and antioxidant activities of their ethanolic leave extract and their combinations in cream formulas were examined in the present reserach. The ethanolic extracts were partitioned with n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity of the fractions and their combinations were tested against DPPH. The best combination was formulated in F1, F2, and F3 cream formulas with 0.1, 0.18, and 0.36% of extract, respectively. The formulas antioxidant activity was then tested. The results showed that the water content, ash content, and acidic insoluble ash content of TS, AM, and CA simplicias were ±10%, 3.8-9.7%, and 0.9-1.2% respectively. The yields of n-hexane (FN), ethyl acetate (FEA), and residues (FR) fractions were 6-9, 2, and 5-6% respectively. The antioxidant activity of FEA, FR, and FN was very strong, strong, and weak to inactive, respectively. The best combination was the mixture of 2/3CA, 1/6AM, and 1/6TS (IC50 9 μg ml-1). The antioxidant activity of all cream formulas were higher than refered commercial cream. The IC50 values of formula 1, 2, and 3 were 1109, 596, and 202 μg ml-1, respectively, while the IC50 of refered commercial cream was 2372 μg ml-1.Keywords: antioxidant, centella, cream, extract, mangium, toona

PEMANFAATAN KULIT GEMOR (Alseodaphne sp) SEBAGAI BAHAN UNTUK PEMBUATAN ANTI NYAMUK BAKAR The Possible Utilization of Gemor (Alseodaphne sp.) Bark as Material for the Manufacture of Anti Mosquito Agent Zulnely, Zulnely; Martono, D.
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 1, No 1 (2003): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Gemor (Alseodaphne sp.) plants belong to the Lauraceae family and grow abundantly in particular Indonesian regions, predominantly South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. It has been known that the bark portion of gemor plants can be used as an effective stuff or material to repel the mosquitoes (i.e. anti-mosquito agent).In this research, a laboratory-scale trial on the manufacture of anti-mosquito agent was conducted by diversifying its manufacturing formulations. As such, two kinds of formulae were prepared. The first formula (designated as A) consisted of the gemor bark (20 percent), which has been fragmented into flour, wood flour (60 percent), coconut-shell flour (10 percent), and wood flour of Cassiavera sp. (10 percent), and cassava flour (3 percent). Meanwhile, the second formula (B) contained gemor bark flour (25 percent), wood flour (50 percent), coconut-shell flour (10 percent), Cassiavera wood flour (12 percent), and cassava flour (3 percent). During the trial, in addition to varying or diversifying the formulation, the manufacturing process (i.e. cooking) was also conducted in two different durations, i.e. 45- and 65-minutes. Afterwards, the resulting anti-mosquito agents were tested of their efficacy through the burning process (i.e. the ease to get ignited, flaming duration, and efficacy to repel the mosquitoes). Besides, assessing the qualities of the anti-mosquito agent was also conducted not through the burning process (i.e. the resistance of the agent to breakage, crumbling, and other destructive mechanical actions).The results revealed that the anti-mosquito agents manufactured using the two kinds of formulae (A and B) turned out to have almost similar characteristics, i.e. the ease to get ignited, flaming (burning) duration, and mosquito-repelling efficacy. Meanwhile, the agent resulting from formula B disclosed better resistance to damage (crumbling/breakage) due to mechanical actions than the one from formula A. Formulation A and B are to use anti mosquito agent.

Kualitas Arang Aktif Kayu Gelam dan Aplikasinya untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Air (Activated Charcoal Quality of Gelam Wood and Its Application to Improve Water Quality) Alpian, Alpian; Prayitno, TA; Sutapa, JP Gentur; Budiadi, Budiadi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (495.123 KB)

Gelam (Melaleuca cajuputi) is the dominant tree species grown in swamp forests, especially in tidal areas in Central Kalimantan. Gelam wood has been used for construction and biomass energy, which is due to high density of wood. Previously studies reported that the quality of charcoal from wood stems of Gelam was better than that from roots, fruits, flowers, branches and leaves. The study was to investigate the characteristics of activated charcoal from wood stem of gelam which taken from different site and growth stages of the tree, and its utilizations for water quality improvement. The parameters observed were yield, moisture content, volatile matter content, ash content, fixed carbon, absorption of benzene, iodine and methylene blue. The Gelam wood from different growth site and stage of trees (saplings, poles, trees) can be used as raw material for activated charcoal production. The quality of activated charcoal fulfilled the quality requirements of technical activated charcoal (SNI 06-3730-1995), activated charcoal for the purification of edible oil (SNI 06-4262-1996) and drinking water (SNI 06-4253-1996), except for absorption of benzene. Generally, the quality of water treated by activated charcoal increased and fulfilled the requirements of clean water standards (Departemen Kesehatan 1990).

Natural Durability of Five Bamboo Species Against Termites and Powder Post Beetle Fauzi Febrianto; Adiyantara Gumilang; Sena Maulana; Imam busyra; Agustina Purwaningsih
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bamboo is multipurpose plant and is traditionally used by Indonesian rural community to substitute wood for housing material. Bamboo is susceptible to termite and powder post beetle. Consequently, bamboo and its derivative products have relatively short service life. Most available information regarding the natural durability of bamboo in Indonesia was acquired based on various different methods and are less accurate. The present research was aimed to analyze the natural durability of ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. Ex Wendl), betung bamboo (Dendrocalum asper), andong bamboo (Gigantochloa verticillata), hitam bamboo (Gigantochloa atroviolaceae) and tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus)) against subterranean termite (Coptotermes curvignathus), dry wood termite (Cryptotermes cynocephalus), and powder post beetle (Anobium sp) referring to SNI 01.7207-2006. The results showed that bamboo species determined its natural durability against C. curvignathus, C. cynocephalus and Anobium sp. Natural durability of tali bamboo, betung bamboo, and hitam bamboo against C. curvignathus belonged to the 2nd class (resistant), while andong bamboo and ampel bamboo belonged to the 4th class (poor). Natural durability of non-barked hitam bamboo, and andong bamboo against C. cynocephalus belonged to the 3rd class (medium), while those of tali bamboo, betung bamboo, and ampel bamboo belonged to the 4th class (poor). Natural durability of all barked bamboos species against C. cynocephalus were categorized to the 4th class (poor). The resistance of ampel bamboo and andong bamboo against Anobium sp were lower compared to those of tali bamboo, hitam bamboo, and betung bamboo.Keywords: bamboo, dry wood termite, natural durability, powder post beetle, subterranean termite

Physical and Chemical Characteristic of Albizzia Sawdust as a Matrix in the Decomposition of Human Excreta Using Bio-toilet Triastuti, Jovita; Sintawardani, Neni; Irie, Mitsuteru
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (387.192 KB)

Bio-toilet (BT) is a dry closet that using sawdust as an artificial soil matrix due to the benefit characteristics of sawdust it self. In this study, Albizzia (Paraserianthes Falcataria) sawdust from a local sawmill was used as matrix in the decomposition of human waste in BT system. The study was carried out at Pesantren Daarut Tauhiid Bandung for about 4 months using BT type S-50 from Seiwa Denko Ltd, Japan. The human body waste from 25 students was loaded daily. Mixer was setting to run-on automatically with 15 minutes interval for 2 minutes; 1 minute to clockwise and counter-clockwise rotation respectively. Exhaust fan was operated continuously for aeration. Heater was run-off at first 2 months, and run-on at last 2 months. The physical and chemical properties of Albizzia sawdust, before (fresh) and after process (residual) were observed. Data showed that friction both among sawdust particles and between sawdust and screw material caused the particle size reduction due to the mechanical effect of mixing. Bulk density of sawdust increased (0.187 > 0.109 g/ml). Water retention increased from 2.09 to 2.55 ml/g. C/N ratio decreased significantly, from 200:1 to 27:1. Ash content of residual is higher than fresh sawdust (7.11 > 3.32%). The extractive compounds increased (3.68 > 1.8%). Lignin content tends increase, from 27.71 to 29.74% DM, meanwhile cellulose content decrease. Mineral P, K, and Na increased significantly during process. It was concluded Albizzia sawdust can be used as matrix in BT, but the residual should be replaced with fresh after 4 months usage due to maintain of BT performance. Residual sawdust has a good point as soil fertilizer due to its water retention, air capacity, and the high NPK content that would be valuable for plant.

Extractives Content and Shrinkage of Nangka (Arthocarpus heteroohyllus) and Mangium (Acacia mangium) Woods Deded S Nawawi; Satriyo H Wicaksono; Istie S Rahayu
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Extractives may contribute to dimensional stability of wood, physically and chemically, due to its heterogeneous of compounds. The objective of this research was to determine the extractives content of nangka (Arthocarpus heterophyllus) and mangium (Acacia mangium) woods and its influence on wood shrinkage. Extraction of wood was carried out by sokhlet method of ethanol and ethanol:benzene (1:2) for 12 h, and hot water for 3 h, respectively. The tangential, radial, and longitudinal shrinkage both of extracted and fresh wood samples were compared. The removal of ethanol, ethanol:benzene (1:2), and hot water soluble extractives increased tangential and radial shrinkage of wood, indicating that wood extractives was a significant factor influencing dimensional stability of wood. Extractive may influenced wood shrinkage physically as a bulking agent, and chemically by its contribution to hygroscopic properties of wood. However, longitudinal shrinkage of wood was not affected by extractives content which was, probably, due to very small of wood shrinkage in longitudinal direction. In addition, the basic density of wood was not affected by extractives content.Key words: Acacia mangium, Arthocarpus heterophyllus, bulking agent, extractives, wood shrinkage

Pemanfaatan Kulit Kayu Akasia (Acacia mangium Willd) untuk Papan Partikel dengan Kadar Fenol Formaldehida Rendah Utilization of Acacia (Acacia mangium Willd) Bark for Particleboard with Low Phenol Formaldehyde Content Subyakto Subyakto; Lisman Suryanegara; Mohamad Gopar; Kurnia Wiji Prasetyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 3, No 2 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Industrial forest plantation is a future for supplying raw material of wood industries. From the wood harvesting, bark wastes are abundantly resulted. As an illustration, a pulp factory in Palembang produces about 500 ton per day of bark waste of Acacia mangium Willd. At present the utilization of bark wastes was not optimally done. The purpose of this experiment was to utilize bark waste for particleboard, it is expected that high tannin content in the bark will reduce amount of adhesive applied.Fresh bark was cut into chips and processed further with a ring flaker machine to produce bark particles. Bark particles were mixed with Phenol Formaldehyde adhesive and water then hot pressed at temperature of 150ºC, pressure of 20 kgf/cm2, for 15 minutes. Amount of adhesive was varied at 4%, 6% and 8% based on dry weight of particles. Water was added for 10% of dry weight of particles. The size of board was 25 cm x 25 cm x 1 cm, with target densities of 0.7 and 0.9 g/cm3, with 2 replications. Boards were tested for their physical and mechanical properties in accordance with JIS A 5908.Results shown that board with density of 0.9 g/cm3 and amount of adhesive of 6% and 8% have internal bond and MOR (modulus of rupture) that met JIS A5908 type 8; while values of MOE (modulus of elasticity) and thickness swelling were not met the standard

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