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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

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Articles 316 Documents

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Fiksasi Bambu Gombong dan Tali Fixation of Gombong and Tali Bamboos Wahyu Dwianto; Toshiro Morooka; Misato Norimoto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 2, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This research describes stress relaxation measurement to understand the fixation mechanism of compressive deformation of water saturated Gombong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseduarundinaceae) and Tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus). Stress relaxations are measured by compressing the specimens in radial direction to 0.2 strains between 110ºC and 190ºC for various periods of time in electro oil hydraulic testing system equipped with an autoclave, which was heated by high temperatures saturated steam. The stress approximately disappears in 60min at 170ºC, in 30min at 180ºC, and in 20 min at 190ºC for Gombong bamboo. On the other hand, the fastest release of stress is found for Tali bamboo. The plots of relationship between residual stress and strain recovery of Gombong and Tali bamboos lay on a single curve, respectively. The relationship is similar to that of Sugi wood by heating. However, the weight loss of the two bamboos is extremely higher than that of wood. The fixation is achieved at a weight loss of 20% for Gombong and Tali bamboos. From these results, the fixation mechanism is considerably dominated by the decomposition of hemicelluloses and lignin.

Sifat Anti Jamur Kayu Kupa (Syzygium polycephalum (Mig)) (Antifungal Properties of Kupa Wood (Syzygium polycephalum Mig.)) Renhart Jemi; Wasrin Syafii; Fauzi Febrianto; Muhammad Hanafi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the extractive substances of heartwood of Kupa wood (Syzygium polycephalum (Mig)) and its potention as bio-active substance to wood destroying fungi i.e., Schizophyllum commune Fr and Pleurotus sp. Successive extraction method was used in this experiment. The heartwood part was then converted into 40 mesh wood flour and followed by extraction using methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and buthanol solvents. The extractives obtained were subjected to wood destroying fungi S. commune and Pleurotus sp. The results indicated that the extractive content of S. polychephalum mostly dominated by substance diluted in chloroform (2.87%), followed by ethyl acetate (0.38%), n-hexane (0.33%) and buthanol (0.05%). All the wood extracts of S. polychephalum potentially contain anti-fungal compound to inhibit the growth of S. commune Fr and Pleurotus sp fungi. N-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of S. polychephalum are the most active extracts. Isolation of ethyl acetate fraction resulted in nine (9) active compounds (G.1-G.9) that could inhibit the growth both S. commune and Pleurotus sp with IC(50) values 49.33-61.71 ppm and 48.84-64.61 ppm, respectively. It was found that G.2 compound of ethyl acetate has anti fungal substance namely 3-O-glucosyl-3’,4’ 5-trihydroxyflavonol.

Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitor Activities of Methanol Extracts of Acacia mangium Rita K Sari; Rahmi Utami; Irmanida Batubara; Anne Carolina; Salina Febriany
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 13, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Active compounds utilization of its extractives for cosmetic products increase the value added of mangium tree. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant and an inhibitor tirosinase activities of methanol extract of the various parts of mangium tree. Phytochemical properties of the best extract were also anlayzed. Extraction was conducted by soxhletation in methanol for 12 hours. The antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the extracts were tested in vitro to radical of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and inhibition to tyrosinase enzyme. The results showed that leave resulted in the highest methanol ectract followed succesively by bark, heartwood, and sapwood the value of 10.7; 4.4; 2.5; and 0.9%, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was bark extract and followed by leave, heartwood, and sapwood extracts with EC50 values respectively of 8.3; 26.7; 66.9; and 137.9 ppm. Only bark extract which classified as an active tyrosinase inhibitor with IC50 value of 257.8 ppm in the difenolase reaction. The IC50 value of the positive control (kojic acid) was 116.7 ppm. The other extracts relatively inactive as a tyrosinase inhibitor because their IC50 values > 1000 ppm. The qualitative analysis detect the methanol extract of mangium bark as the best extract containing phenolic compounds (phenol hirokinon, flavonoids, and tannins) and alkaloids which were thought to contribute to the high antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor activities.Keywords: Acacia mangium, antioxidant, extracts, tyrosinase inhibitor

Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Batang Gewang (Corypha utan Lamk.) dari Nusa Tenggara Timur Physical and Mechanical Properties of Gewang (Corypha utan Lamk.) Stem from East Nusa Tenggara Kurnia Wiji Prasetyo; Subyakto Subyakto; B. Paul Naiola
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 6, No 1 (2008): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Gewang (Corypha utan Lamk.) is an important palm grown wild in the savannah of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. The genus Corypha, belong to Arecaceae or Palmae consist of about 8 species distributed from tropical Africa to India, tropical Asia, Indochina, Malaysia, and Quensland. Corypha grows in lowland of very dried climate and savannah. The local people have used this palm traditionally for many purposes to fulfill their daily needs. Trunks are used for producing starch for food, cattle food (putak), building material for housing, furniture and fence.Basic properties of stem from Gewang palm are identified according to the height and depth of samples in the stem. The properties identified are physical properties including density, water absorbtion and shrinkage on thickness and length direction; mechanical properties including modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and maximum crushing strength pararel to grain.Almost all properties tested are affected significantly by the height and depth of samples in the Gewang stem, where the influence of depth stem factor is higher than the height stem factor. Gewang stem from the bottom part of the stem produces better properties than middle and top part, indicates by a higher density, lower water absorption and shrinkage values. Similarly, physical properties of the outer part Gewang stem is higher than those in the medium and center parts. The mechanical properties result shown same phenomena that the bottom part of Gewang stem produces better properties than middle and top part, indicates by a higher modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and maximum crushing strength pararel to grain values. Similarly, mechanical properties of the outer part Gewang stem is higher than those in the medium and center parts.

Kualitas Glulam Samama dengan Kombinasi Kayu Mangium dan Mahoni (The Quality of Samama Glulam and Its Combination with Mangium and Mahogany Wood) Tekat D Cahyono; Fauzi Febrianto; Syarif Ohorella
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Previous study on several types of samama glulam had shown the MOE and MOR which is not meet JAS 2007. The recent study addressed the glulam construction from samama wood combined with two commercial woods to improve the quality of resulting glulam. Mangium (Acacia mangium) and mahogany (Swietenia mahogany) woods were laminated with samama wood using isocyanate adhesive at a spread rate of 200 g m-2 and then clamped with 30 cm gap between the clamp for 3 hours. Nine types of glulam were made with and without a combination of 1 cm lamina from the three types of wood species. The results showed the difference of density between samama glulam with the other types. Furthermore, the moisture content, hot water delamination, cold water delamination, MOE and MOR of the products have met the requirements of JAS 2007 for structural wood. Bonding strengths of most types of glulam have met the standard except for samama and mahogany glulam without the combination. The results of this study strengthened the potency of samama as glulam material for the structural application.Keywords: glulam, mahogany, mangium, samama, structural.

Sifat Kimia dan Dimensi Serat Kayu Mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) dari Tiga Provenans. Chemical Properties and Fiber Dimension of Acacia mangium Willd. from Three Provenances Wasrin Syafii; Iskandar Z Siregar
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 4, No 1 (2006): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The objectives of this research are to evaluate the chemical components and the fiber dimension of Acacia mangium Willd from three provenances. The wood samples used in this study are grown in Parungpanjang, Bogor originated from three provenances namely Queensland (QLD), Papua New Guinea (PNG), and East Indonesia (EI). The chemical components measured in this study are cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and extractives, while fiber dimensions and its derivatives determined are Runkle Ratio, Felting Power, Muhlsteph Ratio, Flexibility Ratio, and Coefficient of Rigidity. This research indicated that among three provenances investigated, the Queensland provenance is better than two others as sources of raw material for pulp and paper due to the highest cellulose content and lowest lignin and extractives contents. Likewise, from fiber dimension aspect, Queensland provenance also showed better properties than that of PNG and EI

UPAYA MENGURANGI KOTORAN DAN KANDUNGAN ZAT EKSTRAKTIF SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN PENCUCIAN Reduction of Dirts and Extractives Contents of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber by Water Treatment. Euis Hermiati; Nurhayati Nurhayati; Lisman Suryanegara; Mohamad Gopar
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 1, No 1 (2003): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to get an optimum washing process of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OP EFB) fiber to reduce dirts and extractives contents in the fiber. Treatments used were boiling (0.5; 1; 2 and 3 hours); soaking and shaking in cold water (1; 4; 8; 12; 24 and 48 hours); 10 minutes agitation in cold water using a washing machine; and 10 minutes agitation in cold water using a washing machine followed by boiling for 0.5 hours. The clean fiber yield as well as water, ash, hot and cold water soluble extractives and fat contents were determined. Results of this study showed that soaking and shaking of OP EFB fiber in cold water were quite effective for removing dirts on the fiber, but were not for removing hot and cold water extractives and fats. Strong agitation could increase the removal of dirts and extractives from the OP EFB fiber. However, boiling and combination of agitation and boiling removed dirts and extractives more effectively than did the two former processes

Chemical and Physical Treatments of Four Rattan Species after Felling Djamal Sanusi
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The effectiveness of chemical and physical treatments in protecting four rattan species (i.e., batang, saloso, lambang, anranga) against blue stain attack were studied. Four rattan mature stem of each species were felled, and each rattan cane was cutted into 9 samples with 1 m long for every treatment. The treatments consisted of soaking in 0.5% formalin solution for 10 min, soaking in 10% boric acid solution for 10 min, and dipping the two cross sections in melted wax. Untreated samples were also prepared for control. The samples were stored in harvesting location for 20 days. Every 5 days, the samples were observed for the presence of blue stain attack. The results showed that untreated samples were attacked by blue stain with the average intensity of 59.3% and the average depth of 5.3 cm. Samples soaked in 0.5% formalin solution were attacked by blue stain with the average intensity of 40.3% and the average depth of 2.4 cm. Samples soaked in 10% boric acid were attacked by blue stain with the average intensity of 18.8% and the average depth of 0.8 cm. Samples treated by melted wax were found to be free from blue stain attack.Key words: blue stain, chemical treatment, physical treatment, rattan

Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Kayu Bisbul (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bisbul Wood (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) Abdurachman Abdurachman
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 7, No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bisbul (Diospyros blancoi A.DC.) signifies as one of the wood species that belong to the streaked Ebony. InIndonesia, this species prevalently grows in Sumatera andWest Java. The branch-free stem of this species when reaching over 25 years can reach about 5 m in height and 30 cm in diameter. It is categorized as dense wood with dark color, which gradually appears like Eben wood. This wood usually finds much uses as handcraft and merchant items.This research aimed to look into characteristic and uses of Bisbul wood through laboratory-scale testing on its physical and mechanical properties. This examined wood species was originated from the community-owned forest situated inBogorregency. The wood samples were taken from three height positions at branch-free Bisbul tree stems (i.e. top, middle, and butt portions) and from three lateral portions (sapwood, heartwood, and pitch), and then prepared to specimens measuring 2 cm by 2 cm in cross-section area. Each of the combination between such height and lateral-depth positions was replicated three times. The tested physical and mechanical properties covered specific gravity, moisture content, shrinkage, static bending, compressive strength parallel to the grain, shear, tensile parallel to the grain, and impact bending.Results revealed that based on moisture content and specific gravity, Bisbul wood belongs to medium density and floats on the water. Its radial (R) and tangential (T) shrinkages were categorized as medium in the range of 0.92 ~ 2.74% and 2.26 ~ 4.04%, respectively with T/R ratio somewhat less than 2, indicating that the wood was unstable due to moisture changes. Air-dry moisture content at various height and depth positions ranged about 14 ~ 16%, but the density decreased moving from the top, middle, to butt portions. The density at top, middle, and butt portions was consecutively 0.756 ~ 0.806 g/cm3, 0.710 ~ 0.805 g/cm3, and 0.672 ~ 0.716 g/cm3. Based on the examined mechanical properties, Bisbul wood belonged to strength class II ~ I at the butt and middle portion, and to class III ~ II to top portion

Potential Antidiabetic and Anticancer Agents from the Inner bark Extractives of Mount Salak Forest Woods Rita K Sari; Wasrin Syafii; Nur Azizah; Juliasman Juliasman; Muhammad Fadli; Minarti Minarti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 12, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The aim of this research was to determine the extract contents, antidiabetic and anticancer activities of the acetone extracts of the inner barks of beunying (Ficus fistulosa)/BE, hamerang (F. foxicaria)/HE, kilemo (Litsea cubeba)/KLE, kiseueur (Antidesma tetandrum)/KSE, kopo (Eugenia cymosa)/KOE, and pasang butarua (Quercus induta)/PBE from Mount Salak Forest. The phytochemical profile of the best extract as antidiabetic and anticancer agents was also determined. The investigation of antidiabetic and anticacer activities of this extracts was carried out through invitro inhibitory α-glucosidase test and toxicity test to Artemia salina. The content of acetone extract of the KSE, KOE, and BE contents were in the range of 4.3-7.8% (high), however that of the KLE, HE, and PBE contents were in the range of 3.0-3.9% (moderate). The acetone extract of the KSE was very active as α-glucosidase inhibitor (IC50 5.9 mg ml-1), the KLE, PBE, and BE were rated active with IC50 value 11.2, 17.2, and 43.2 mg ml-1 respectively, while the HE and KOE were inactive (IC50 > 100 mg ml-1). The acetone extract of the KSE was very toxic to A.salina (LC50 19.7 mg ml-1), these of the HE, KOE, and BE were toxic with LC50 value 79.5, 94.5, and 115.9 μg ml-1 respectively, while these of the KLE and PSE were inactive (LC50 > 250 mg ml-1). The most potential antidiabetic and anticancer agents was the acetone extract of KSE. The acetone extract of the KSE was detected with strong intensity containing alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins.Keyword: anticancer, antidiabetic, α-glucosidase, innerbark extractives, Mount Salak Forest

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