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Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis

JITKT
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Published by Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

ISSN : - EISSN : 16933834 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel asli baik penelitian dasar maupun terapan di bidang ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi kayu, bahan berlignoselulosa bukan kayu, hasil hutan lainnya dan industri hasil hutan.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 316 Documents

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Karakteristik Lignin Empat Jenis Bambu (Lignin Characteristic of Four Bamboo Species) Deded S Nawawi; Rita K Sari; Nyoman J Wistara; Adesna Fatrawana; Puji Astuti; Wasrin Syafii
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 17, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Lignin is one of the major component of bamboo, together with cellulose and hemicellulose, which may differ comparing to wood lignin. Lignin characteristics of four bamboos species, i.e. betung (Dendrocalamus asper), ampel (Bambusa vulgaris), andong (Gigantochloa nigrociliata), and tali (Gigantochloa apus) were investigated. As lignin characteristics; lignin content and proportion of lignin monomer were investigated by Klason method, UV spectrophotometry, and Pyrolysis Gas-Chromatography analysis, respectively. Lignin content of bamboos varies depending on species and position of sample. Bamboo lignin was categorized into syringyl-guaiacil-p-hydroxyohenil (S-G-H) lignin. There was high correlation between proportion of syringyl unit with acid-soluble lignin obtained during Klason lignin procedure.

Modifikasi Faktor Konversi Format dan Faktor Normalisasi Reliabilitas dalam Standar ASTM D 5457 untuk Penyempurnaan Standar SNI 7973:2013 (Modification of Format Conversion Factor and Reliability Normalization Factor in the ASTM D 5457 Standard Applicable for SNI 7973:2013 Standard) Leonard D D Liliefna; Naresworo Nugroho; Lina Karlinasari; Sucahyo Sadiyo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 17, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

The Indonesian SNI 7973:2013 standard for wood design specification was an adopted standard from the USA national design specification (NDS) 2012. However, due to the climate differences between USA and Indonesia, the SNI 7973:2013 standard should be further modified in order to meet the climate condition in Indonesia. Format conversion factor (KF) and reliability normalization factor (KR) specified in the ASTM D 5457 standard contained the snow load for the duration of load factor. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (1) to replace snow load with occupancy live load to revise KF, (2) to use the revised KF and safety factors for softwood and hardwood to perform the reliability analysis on calculated resistance factors (fc), (3) calculate the new KR values using the revised fc. The result of FORM reliability analysis showed that there were, on the average, 15 and 26% increases of the calculated KR values, respectively, for softwood and hardwood, over the calculated KR values according to the ASTM D 5457 standard for each given coefficient of variation of material resistance distribution.

Paleobotani: Dryobalanoxylon, Fosil Kayu Asal Jambi (Paleobotany: Dryobalanoxylon, Fossil Wood Origin Jambi) Andianto Andianto; Agus Ismanto; Ratih Damayanti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 16, No 1 (2018): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Jambi Province is known as an area with abundant source of geological diversity (Geodeversity), including fossil woods. Specimen of Fossil wood from Merangin District-Jambi was observation its anatomical structures on thin slices of cross, radial and tangential-section using Carl Zeiss-Axio Imager A1m microscope. The description of wood anatomical structures referred to the International Association of Wood Anatomists (IAWA) list of microscopic features for hardwood identification. The age estimate of fossil wood is based on geological map (scale 1: 100.000) of Sarolangun sheet, Sumatra. The anatomical structures of the fossil wood are as follow: vessel exclusively solitary, simple perforation plates, intervessel pits alternate, very thick fibre wall, apotracheal parenchyma diffuse-in-aggregates, paratracheal parenchyma vasicentric, axial canals in long tangential lines, prismatic crystal in chambered axial parenchyma cells, and silica bodies present in ray cells and axial parenchyma cells. The anatomical structures mentioned are similar to Kamper/Kapur wood species (Dryobalanops sp.) which it is member of Dipterocarpaceae family, with the result that this fossil is Kamper wood (Dryobalanoxylon sp.). Based on age analysis through the geological map, it is estimated that this fossil wood was formed between 3.60 and 2.58 million BP (Before Present), which was between the late Pliocene and the early Plistocene era.

Baterai Ramah Lingkungan dari Limbah Serbuk Kayu Merbau (Intsia bijuga) dan Matoa (Pometia sp.) (Eco-friendly battery from Merbau (Intsia bijuga) and Matoa (Pometia sp.) sawdust) Dessy Ernawati; Muliyana Arifudin; Susilo B Husodo
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 17, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This research aimed to elucidate the potency of merbau and matoa sawdust as filler material of dry cell battery. The sawdust was ground, sieved to get a-80 mesh particle size and then made into paste. Then, the paste was put into the battery that its electrolyte has been removed previously. There were 40 batteries tested based on 3 treatments, namely wood species (A), charging time (B) and usage method (C). Each variable was tested with 5 replications. The battery was tested for its voltase generated and usage duration. The result indicated that the highest voltase was obtained from battery with matoa groundwood which was directly used for a stopwatch (1.99 volt), while the lowest voltase was found in battery with merbau groundwood which was kept for 20 minutes after charging, before it was used for the tested stopwatch (0.43 volt). Besides, the highest usage duration (˃20 mins) was found in both bio-batteries from merbau and matoa groundwood which were directly used after charging, with total 21 batteries. Sawdust of merbau and matoa has potency to be used as bio-battery, but their voltage generated and usage duration are still low, so several challenging problems are needed to be addressed.

Utilization of Oil Palm Wastes and Recycled Plastic as Raw Materials for Wood-Plastic Composites Lusita Wardani; Muhammad Y Massijaya; Muhammad F Machdie
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 10, No 1 (2012): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

This study examined the physical and mechanical properties of wood plastic composites made from recycled propypropylene (RPP) and oil palm biomass wastes under various particle sizes and pressing temperatures. Oil-palm biomass wastes (ie., oil palm trunk(OPT) was used as filler. The OPT was produced in 3groups (i.e., passed from 20, 40,and 60 meshes filtered). The RPP and OPT or EFB ratio were 7:3. Maleic anhydride (MAH) and benzoil peroxyde (BPO) were used as a modifier and an inisiator in amount of 5% based on RPP and MAH weight, respectively. The hand-mixtures of RPP and OPT or EFB with or without MAH and BPO were subjected to hot-press at 180 ⁰C and 190 ⁰C for 10 min at 15 kgf cm-2 pressure. The results indicated particle sizes, MAH and BPO and pressure of temperature were influences of physical and mechanical properties of WPC from OPT. Samples WPC with MAH and BPO have a highest value than samples without MAH and BPO. Testing was done according to standard JIS A 5908-2003. Preliminary research results shown that particle from palm oil trunk with additive content shown the best physical and mechanical properties compared to the others.Key words: benzoil peroxide, empty fruit bunches, maleic anhydride, oil palm trunk, particle size, recycle polypropylene

Perubahan Kadar Komponen Kimia Bambu Kuning akibat Modifikasi Steam dan Pembilasan (Change of Chemical Component Content in Kuning Bamboo due to Steam and Rinsing Modification) Muhammad I Maulana; Abi K Arif; Deded S Nawawi; Nyoman J Wistara; Siti Nikmatin; Fauzi Febrianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 17, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Bamboo is a forest product that has potential as substitution of wood for the raw material of any products of forest products processing. Oriented Strand Board (OSB) made from bamboo is more superior compared to the wood one in physical and mechanical properties. Steam and rinsing treatments can improve the OSB properties that occur due to changes in the chemical components of bamboo, but research on the effect of the treatment has not been done for kuning bamboo. The objective of this reseach were to identify the changes of chemical components content in kuning bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris var. striata.) due to steam, steam with distillation water rinsing and steam with 1% NaOH rinsing treatments. The chemical component of bamboo was analyzed according to Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI) standards. The results showed that alpha-cellulose and lignin contents were relatively stable. In addition, hollocellulose, hemicellulose and extractives decreased, while the pH value was increased by treatments. The decreased of hemicellulose and extractive substances, as well as increased pH values can improve the quality of OSB produced.

Peningkatan Kerapatan Kayu Samama Melalui Pre-kompresi Asam Sitrat (Density Improvement of Samama Wood by Pre-compression of Citric Acid) Azis Rumbaremata; Tekat D Cahyono; Teguh Darmawan; Sukma S Kusumah; Fazhar Akbar; Wahyu Dwianto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 17, No 2 (2019): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v17i2.418

Samama wood (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil.) is a potential fast-growing species of Sulawesi and Maluku. This study aimed to increase the density of the wood through citric acid pre-compression. The temperature/time pressing formula and the optimal concentration of citric acid for fixation were also determined. Water saturated samples of (5x5x4) cm3 (L = longitudinal x T = tangential x R = radial) were pre-compressed at 100 °C for one hour to reach drying set. Subsquently, the samples were soaked for 4 hours in a citric acid solution of 5% and 10% concentration, drained and wrapped in aluminum foil before re-pressed at 180 °C for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes. Fixation was measured by soaking the samples into water for 24 hours at room temperature. The results showed that the moisture contents at fiber saturation point ranged from 33.15-33.94%, with density of 0.46 g cm-3 and oven dry density of 0.37 g cm-3. The L, T, and R shrinkages were 0.18-0.20%, 4.13-4.14%, and 2.53-3.10%, respectively; while the T/R ratio was 1.33-1.63%. Pre-compression can only be done at a compression target of 25% with compression level of 19.57-20.01%. Pre-compression increased the oven dry density of 17.11-20.13% to 0.44-0.45 g cm-3. After thickness recovery, the weight of the oven dried samples increased by 1.79-2.72% at the 5% citric acid concentration and by 12.04-15.25% at the 10% citric acid concentration. Permanent fixation achieved at 180 °C for 50 minutes pressing time with 10% citric acid concentration.

Aktivitas Anti Jamur Ekstrak Kulit Kayu Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl) (Antifungal Activity of Laban (Vitex pubescens) Bark Extracts) Enih Rosamah; Irawan W. Kusuma; Deny Kurniawan
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v8i1.507

The most of antifungi used in preservatives for wood, food, fungicides, dyestuff, etc. come from synthetical substances, that poisoned not only for fungi but also for environment. In recent, antifungi have been taken from plants. Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl) is one of high quality wood has been used in Kalimantan (Borneo). Isolation of active compounds will provide scientific validation for the use of laban in another purposes. The object of this research was to evaluate the antifungi activity of bark extract of Laban wood. Extractives solubility of laban bark in methanol was 6.03%. Soluble fractions in n-hexane, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate yielded 0.27%, 0.39%, and 0.47% respectively. Fractions of n- hexane and diethyl ether contained steroid, flavonoid and carbohydrates. While, ethyl acetate fraction contained triterpeoids, flavonoids, and carbohydrates. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) test of laban bark extracts showed the active compounds of aldehide, keton, and flavonoids. The n-hexane-, diethyl ether-, and ethyl acetate extracts showed the significant anti fungal activities by air-borne method. Antifungal activity of o- hexane extract against Candida albicans was detected by a bioautography assay on TLC plate. The results showed that bark of laban possess potential antifungal activity to be developed as natural antifungal substances.

Some Importance Properties of Bamboo-Wood Strand Board Ihak Sumardi; Yoyo Suhaya; Tito T. Putra
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v8i1.512

Bamboo has gained increasing attention as an alternative raw material for use in the manufacture of composite boards. Three layered boards were made from bamboo strand and wood particle to evaluate the effects of resin content and layer structure on the properties of bamboo-wood strand board. Bamboo strand was used as face/back layers, and wood particle was used as core layer. The boards were fabricated using urea formaldehyde resin with three dosage levels ranging from 3 to 9 percent for bamboo strand and 6 percent resin content for wood particle. The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of bamboo-wood strand board were evaluated, and the results were summarized as follows. The bending properties, internal bond (IB) strength and dimensional stability of the board increased with increasing of resin content. Using bamboo strand as face/back layered, slightly increase bending properties of bamboo-wood strand board. However, the modulus constant and IB strengths after boiling test could not be observed. It indicates that urea formaldehyde was not suitable for bamboo-wood strand board.

Hydrogen Peroxide and Ferrous Sulphate Activated Wood Particles for Binderless Particleboard Suhasman Suhasman; Muh. Y. Massijaya; Yusuf S. Hadi; Adi Santoso
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 8, No 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v8i1.503

A series of study have been conducted to analyze the effect of pretreatments and particle sizes on physical and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard (BP). The BP made of particles from sengon wood (Paraseranthes falcataria L Nielsen) and pine wood (Pinus merkusii Jungh et. de. Vriese) which passed through 10 mesh sieve, were used to analyze the effect of particle pretreatments. The pretreatments were: immersion in boiling water for 30 minutes; the immersion in boiling water followed by oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate; and oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate without immersion in boiling water. The results showed that the best phisycal and mechanical properties was found in board made from sengon wood particle with oxidation using hydrogen peroxide without immersion in boiling water; It had the internal bond (IB) of 6.95 kgf cm-2 and the thickness swelling (TS) of 5.74%. In the next step, the sengon wood with several particles sizes namely; passed through 20 mesh, 10 mesh, 5 mesh, 2.5 mesh, and shaving were used to produced BP. The results indicated that the MOR decreases when the particle size increases, while the IB, MOE, and TS were relatively similar for all particle sizes.

Page 29 of 32 | Total Record : 316

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