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Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Telinga Hidung dan Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Indonesia
ISSN : 02163667     EISSN : 25983970     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal Othorhinolaryngologica Indonesiana is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery that publishes research reports, case reports, and literature reviews, to increase knowledge and updating diagnostics procedurs on otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
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Articles 493 Documents
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Noma: a neglected tropical disease Mirta Hediyati Reksodiputro; Mikhael Yosia
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.429

Abstract

Background: Noma is an orofacial gangrene often manifesting in malnourished children in developing and tropical countries. Epidemiological data on noma are hard to find, but it is estimated that the global incidence of noma is 30-40,000 cases per year, with estimated mortality rate of about 85%. Purpose: To discuss the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of noma. Literature review: The cause of noma is multifactorial, but is often found in conjunction with malnutrition and with other diseases such as measles, malaria, and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), along with poor oral hygiene. The pathogenesis of noma includes a rapidly spreading noninfectious gangrene infection of the face, often preceded by acute necrotizing gingivitis, and stomatitis. Microbiological studies show opportunistic infections caused by imbalance of normal intraoral microorganisms. The key to prevention is to increase food hygiene, improving vaccination program against measles, prevention of malaria and HIV, and early detection and treatment of necrotic gingivitis and stomatitis. Early treatment with antibiotics can prevent gangrene formation or reduce the extent of the lesions. Late treatment consists of surgical rehabilitation, which is often hard to conduct. Conclusion: Noma is an infectious disease that can cause wide gangrenous wounds. Recognizing and understanding the symptoms and characteristic signs of noma is important so that comprehensive prevention and management can be given as early and optimally as possible to provide complete recovery for patients.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Noma adalah gangren orofasial yang menyerang anak-anak kekurangan gizi terutama di negara-negara berkembang dan negara-negara tropis. Data epidemiologi tentang noma sangat langka, tetapi perkiraan kejadian global saat ini adalah 30-40.000 kasus per tahun, dengan tingkat kematian sekitar 85%. Tujuan: Membahas patogenesis, diagnosis, pencegahan, dan tatalaksana noma. Tinjauan pustaka: Penyebab noma multifaktorial, namun sering ditemukan bersamaan dengan malnutrisi dan dengan penyakit lain seperti campak, malaria, dan human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Sering pula terjadi bersamaan dengan higiene mulut yang buruk. Patogenesis noma meliputi infeksi gangren tidak menular, yang menyebar cepat di daerah wajah, sering didahului oleh gingivitis nekrotikans akut, dan stomatitis. Studi mikrobiologi menunjukkan adanya infeksi oportunistik yang disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan mikroorganisme intraoral normal. Pencegahan dapat berupa nutrisi yang baik, vaksinasi campak, pencegahan malaria dan HIV, termasuk deteksi dini dan pengobatan gingivitis nekrotikans dan stomatitis. Pengobatan dini dengan antibiotik dapat mencegah terjadinya gangren atau mengurangi luasnya lesi. Perawatan lebih lanjut berupa rehabilitasi bedah, yang seringkali tidak mudah dilakukan. Kesimpulan: Noma adalah penyakit infeksi yang dapat menimbulkan defek luka gangren luas. Penting untuk mengenali dan memahami gejala serta tanda karakteristik noma, sehingga pencegahan dan tatalaksana secara komprehensif dapat diberikan sedini dan seoptimal mungkin, agar dapat memberikan kesembuhan sempurna untuk pasien.Kata kunci: noma, penyakit tropik terabaikan, gangren orofasial, gingivitis nekrotik akut
Comparison of Fluticasone Furoate and Cetirizine Versus Fluticasone Furoate and Montelukast in Allergic Rhinitis Bobby Pardomuan Sitompul; Rus Suheryanto; Hendradi Surjotomo
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.409

Abstract

Background: The complexity of treatment in allergic rhinitis remains to be a global challenge. The medical treatment option for moderate-severe persistent allergic rhinitis is the combination of intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) and oral antihistamine or leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA). The combination INCS with LTRA is selected based on the presence of asthma. Purpose: To determine the effect of fluticasone furoate plus cetirizine administration compared to fluticasone furoate plus montelukast on nasal eosinophils count and clinical improvement in patients with moderate-severe persistent allergic rhinitis. Method: This study was an experimental research with double blind randomized clinical trial (RCT) design, and pre and post test control. Patient were divided into two group. Group-1 received intranasal fluticasone furoate 110 μg in the morning and oral cetirizine 10 mg in the evening, and group-2 received intranasal fluticasone furoate 110 μg and montelukast 10mg. The treatment efficacy was assessed from nasal eosinophil count and total five symptoms score (T5SS) based on visual analogue scale (VAS) before and 4 weeks after treatment. Result: Both groups showed a decrease in the nasal eosinophil count and T5SS score based on VAS before and after treatment (p< 0.05). Group-2 showed a statistically significant improvement in nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea compared to group-1 (p <0.05). The decrease in nasal eosinophil count and T5SS was higher in group-2 than group-1, however it is not statistically significant. Conclusion: The combination of fluticasone furoate and montelukast was found to be more effective in reducing nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea than the combination of fluticasone furoate and cetirizineABSTRAK Latar belakang: Rinitis alergi masih merupakan masalah besar secara global dengan tatalaksana yang kompleks. Terapi medikamentosa rinitis alergi persisten sedang berat (RAPSB) berdasarkan guideline yaitu pemberian kortikosteroid intranasal (INCS) dikombinasikan dengan antihistamin oral atau leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA). Saat ini, terapi menggunakan kombinasi LTRA masih berdasarkan ada atau tidaknya komorbiditas asma pada pasien RAPSB. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fluticasone furoate bersama cetirizine dibandingkan dengan fluticasone furoate bersama montelukast terhadap eosinofil mukosa hidung dan perbaikan klinis pada penderita RAPSB. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental murni dengan rancangan uji klinik secara acak, tersamar ganda, serta kontrol pra dan pasca perlakuan. Penderita dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok. Kelompok 1 mendapat terapi fluticasone furoate intranasal 110 μg/hari dengan cetirizine 10mg/hari dan kelompok 2 fluticasone furoate intranasal 110 μg/hari dengan montelukast 10mg/hari. Penilaian efektivitas terapi dengan menilai jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung dan total five symptoms score (T5SS) berdasarkan visual analogue scale (VAS) pada awal penelitian dan 4 minggu setelah perlakuan. Hasil: Kedua kelompok memperlihatkan penurunan jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung dan penurunan T5SS berdasarkan VAS antara sebelum dan setelah perlakuan (p< 0.05). Kelompok 2 lebih baik secara bermakna menurunkan keluhan hidung tersumbat dan pilek encer dibandingkan kelompok 1 (p <0.05). Jumlah eosinofil dan T5SS berdasarkan VAS kelompok 2 lebih menurun dibandingkan kelompok 1, akan tetapi secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna. Kesimpulan: Pemberian fluticasone furoate serta montelukast lebih baik secara bermakna menurunkan keluhan hidung tersumbat dan pilek encer dibandingkan pemberian fluticasone furoate serta cetirizine. Kata kunci: rinitis alergi, cetirizine, kortikosteroid intranasal, montelukast
Modified cervicofacial flap for temporal region reconstruction post basal cell carcinoma excision Lorensia Fitra Dwita; Al Hafiz
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 50, No 2 (2020): Volume 50, No. 2 July - December 2020
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v50i2.325

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Cervicofacial flap is considered to be the main choice for reconstruction of large defect in skin malignancies at head and neck such as basal cell carcinoma. Cervicofacial flap has a high successfull rate, due to the excellent vascularization, also the suitable matching in colour, thickness and texture. Purpose: To find out the result of reconstruction with modified cervicofacial flap after wide excision of basal cell carcinoma. Case report: A case of a 54-year-old-woman with basal cell carcinoma of the skin at right temporal region. Reconstruction of the temporal area was performed using a modified cervicofacial flap and followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, which resulted in a good outcome. Clinical Question: Is modified cervicofacial flap, the appropriate technique for defect reconstruction of post excision basal cell carcinoma at temporal region? Review method: Evidence based literature study of the procedure and outcome after reconstruction with modified cervicofacial flap through Cochrane library, Pubmed Medline, and hand searching. Result: Cervicofacial flap has a good vascularization, gave a blending colour, and almost similar healthy skin texture with its surrounding. Conclusion: Cervicofacial flap is the best technique for large defect in head and neck area, particularly in the face. Cervicofacial flap is also used for covering the cutaneous defect at facial and cheek region due to malignancy, particularly for basal cell carcinoma. It produces a good outcome. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Flap servikofasial dianggap merupakan pilihan utama  untuk  rekonstruksi  defek yang luas pada keganasan kulit pada area kepala dan leher, seperti karsinoma sel basal. Flap servikofasial memiliki tingkat keberhasilan yang cukup tingg, karena jenis flap ini memiliki vaskularisasi yang baik serta memberikan keserasian warna, ketebalan dan tekstur yang sesuai. Tujuan: Mengetahui keberhasilan rekonstruksi dengan teknik flap servikofasial modifikasi pasca eksisi karsinoma sel basal. Laporan kasus: Seorang wanita berusia 54 tahun dengan diagnosis karsinoma sel basal kulit regio temporalis dekstra. Pada pasien telah dilakukan rekonstruksi daerah temporal dengan teknik flap servikofasialis modifikasi serta dilanjutkan dengan radioterapi adjuvan. Penatalaksanaan tersebut memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Pertanyaan Klinis: Apakah teknik servikofasial flap modifikasi merupakan teknik yang tepat untuk menutup defek pasca eksisi karsinoma sel basal regio temporal? Telaah literatur: Berbasis bukti mengenai teknik dan hasil dari rekonstruksi dengan flap servikofasialis modifikasi melalui database Cochrane library, Pubmed Medline, dan pencarian manual. Hasil: Flap servikofasial memberikan vaskularisasi yang baik, warna yang sesuai dan mendekati tekstur kulit sehat sekitarnya. Kesimpulan: Flap servikofasial merupakan teknik flap terbaik untuk menutupi defek yang luas pada kepala dan leher, terutama pada area wajah. Flap servikofasial juga digunakan untuk menutup defek pada kulit wajah dan pipi akibat keganasan, terutama pada karsinoma sel basal, dan memberikan hasil yang baik.
The depression level effect on the QOL of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome Vicky Eko Nurcahyo; Donny Hendriyanto
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 50, No 2 (2020): Volume 50, No. 2 July - December 2020
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v50i2.377

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is one of the obstructive sleep disorders, which has a high prevalence. The neuropsychological impact will affect daily life activities, social life, and reduce the quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Purpose: To find out the effect of depression level against the quality of life (QOL) on patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Method: Analytical observational study with cross sectional approach. The study sample was 30 patients with high risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome who came to Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of Dr. Moewardi Hospital, from February to April 2019. The samples were determined using the Modified Berlin Questionnaire, and had fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variables studied were measured using questionnaires, including the level of depression (Beck’s Depression Inventory-II) and quality of life (Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index). Result: From 30 samples, there were 20 patients (66.7%) with moderate depression and 10 patients (33.3%) with severe depression. The mean QOL of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with moderate depression was 4.085±0.369, while with severe depression was 3.040±0.241. The Independent Samples t-test showed a statistically and clinically significant correlation between the level of depression and QOL patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (95% CI=0.78-1.31; p=0.000; t=8.097). Conclusion: There was a significant effect of depression level on the quality of life of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome merupakan salah satu gangguan bernapas saat tidur tipe obstruktif, yang memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi. Gangguan neuropsikologis yang ditimbulkannya dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari, kehidupan sosial, dan akan menurunkan kualitas hidup pada pasien obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh tingkat depresi terhadap kualitas hidup pasien dengan obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang, yang dilaksanakan pada 30 pasien dengan risiko tinggi obstructive sleep apnea syndrome di Bagian Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala dan Leher RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Subjek penelitian diambil berdasarkan Modified Berlin Questionnaire, dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Variabel yang diteliti diukur menggunakan kuesioner, meliputi tingkat depresi (Beck’s Depression Inventory-II) dan kualitas hidup (Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index). Analisis data dilakukan uji normalitas dengan uji Saphiro- Wilk. Jika data terdistribusi normal, uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah Independent Samples t-test. Apabila data tidak terdistribusi normal maka dilakukan uji Mann Whitney. Nilai p<0,05 menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan. Hasil: Dari 30 sampel didapatkan 20 pasien (66,7%) dengan depresi sedang dan 10 pasien (33,3%) dengan depresi berat. Nilai rerata kualitas hidup pasien obstructive sleep apnea syndrome dengan depresi sedang didapatkan 4,085±0,369, sedangkan dengan depresi berat 3,040±0,241. Uji Independent Samples t-test menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat depresi dengan kualitas hidup pasien obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (IK 95%=0,78-1,31; p=0,000; t=8,097). Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh tingkat depresi terhadap kualitas hidup pasien obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Coalescent mastioditis as a complication of acute otitis media Ratna Dwi Restuti; Harim Priyono; Dora A Marpaung; Ayu Astria Sriyana; Rangga Rayendra Saleh
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.443

Abstract

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infections in children. AOM disease can lead to complications such as coalescent mastoiditis. Mastoidectomy surgery in cases of coalescent mastoiditis in children is still a debate. Purpose: To convey the management of coalescent mastoiditis in pediatric patients as complication of AOM using an evidence-based literature search. Case Report: A 10-month old patient with a diagnosis of AOM and coalescent mastoiditis, who was given antibiotic therapy and abscess drainage incision. Clinical question: In a child with coalescent mastoiditis as a complication of otitis media, could the disease be cured with intravena antiobitic therapy only without mastoidectomy operation? Review methods: Evidence-based literature searches through Pubmed, Proquest and Cochrane were performed using the keywords mastoidectomy, antibiotics and coalescent mastoiditis. Result: The search resulted in 277 literatures, and 12 were relevant with the case, and two journals stating that in cases of uncomplicated coalescent mastoiditis, mastoidectomy operation could be postponed and intravenous antibiotic could be administered with monitoring of the patient’s condition for 48 hours. Conclusion: Intravenous antibiotic is the primary therapy in cases of coalescence mastoiditis accompanied by clinical monitoring for 48 hours. Additional mastoidectomy and other surgeries were performed in cases of clinical deterioration after intravenous antibiotic therapy, and in cases of intratemporal or intracranial complications. ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Otitis Media Akut (OMA) merupakan salah satu infeksi yang sering ditemukan pada anak. Penyakit OMA dapat mengakibatkan komplikasi seperti mastoiditis koalesens. Operasi telinga mastoidektomi untuk kasus mastoiditis koalesens anak masih merupakan perdebatan sampai saat ini. Tujuan: Mengulas tatalaksana mastoiditis koalesens akibat OMA pada pasien anak menggunakan pencarian literatur berbasis bukti. Laporan Kasus: Seorang pasien umur 10 bulan dengan OMA dan komplikasi mastoiditis koalesens. Dilakukan tatalaksana terapi antibiotik dan insisi drainase abses. Pertanyaan klinis: Pada kasus anak kecil dengan mastoiditis koalensens sebagai komplikasi otitis media akut, apakah penyakit ini dapat disembuhkan hanya dengan pemberian terapi antibiotik intravena tanpa operasi mastoidektomi? Telaah literatur: Telaah berbasis bukti dilakukan melalui Pubmed, Proquest dan Cochrane, dengan menggunakan kata kunci mastoidektomi, antibiotik dan mastoiditis koalesens. Hasil: Telaah berbasis bukti menghasilkan 277 literatur, 12 diantaranya relevan dengan kasus, dan dua literatur menyatakan bahwa pada kasus mastoiditis koalesens tanpa komplikasi, mastoidektomi bisa ditunda dan pemberian antibiotik intravena bisa diberikan dengan pemantauan kondisi pasien selama 48 jam. Kesimpulan: Pemberian antibiotik intravena merupakan terapi utama pada kasus mastoiditis koalesens disertai pemantauan klinis selama 48 jam. Terapi lanjutan berupa mastoidektomi dan operasi lainnya dilakukan pada kasus dengan perburukan klinis sesudah terapi antibiotik intravena, dan pada kasus komplikasi intratemporal atau intrakranial.Kata kunci: mastoiditis koalesens, otitis media akut, antibiotik, mastoidektomi
Communication Ability and Related Factors in Children with Hearing Aids doloksaribu, rico; -, Wijana
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i2.307

Abstract

Background : Hearing function is very influential on the development of speech and language. Hearing disorders in children can lead to disrupt of communication skills. Hearing aids help provide the development of the ability to hear, talk, and communicate. Some factors such as age, duration of use of hearing aids, and parental activeness in encouraging children to communicate and perform auditory verbal therapy are known have an effect on communication skills.Aim : Knowing the capabilities and related factors of communication  after using of hearing aids in children.Method : Had been done cross sectional study design at the private hearing centre in Bandung in the period January - May 2018. Inclusion criteria for this research is children who use hearing aids which control in the period January-May 2018Result : From  60 subjects that fit with research criteria. There were 35 childrens (58,33%)  who use mix communication, there were 23 childrens (38,33%) in special school. There were 37 childrens (61,67%) who have communication duration more than 6 hours. There were 45 childrens (75%) had routine  frequency of therapy. There were 23 childrens (38,33%) who use AVT&Speech Therapy. A total of 66.67% of subjects had a low PEACH score (< 60), 16.67% had a moderate PEACH score (> 60 - ≤ 75), and 16.66% had a normal PEACH score (> 75). The PEACH score in this study shows an average value of 52.63% with 16.66% had a normal PEACH score (> 75)Conclusion : Caractheristic that have a significant relationship with normal peach score, communication method, educational method, communication duration, frequency of therapy, and type of therapy used (p <0.05 )
Correlation of nodule with body mass index and Karnofsky status in nasopharyngeal carcinoma chemotherapy Bagus Harning Efranto; Soehartono -; Edi Handoko
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.412

Abstract

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy arising from the nasopharyngeal epithelium, usually present in the Rosenmüller fossa. NPC is a cancer of the head and neck that is most common in Indonesia. The main therapeutic for NPC is radiotherapy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces the local spread of advanced NPC, optimizing the eradication of micrometastases, and improved local control. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy’s effectiveness can be assessed by changes in the patient’s neck nodule size (N), Body Mass Index (BMI), and Karnofsky’s status. Purpose: To determine the correlation between N with BMI and Karnofsky status on neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Cisplatin and 5-Fu in WHO type 3 of NPC patients. Method: Analytical observational study using medical record data. An assessment of N, BMI and Karnofsky status of NPC WHO type 3 of 23 patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy using Cisplatin and 5-Fu for three cycles. Result: The N value decreased, p = 0.001. BMI value decreased, p = 0.615. Karnofsky’s status value, p = 0.564. The correlation between N and BMI before and after three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy: r = -0.201 and p = 0.358 ; r = -0.070 and p = 0.751. Correlation of N with Karnofsky status: r = 0.155 and p = 0.480; r = 0.571 and p = 0.004. Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Cisplatin and 5-Fu was effective towards reducing the N and also in correlation between N and BMI but less effective in the correlation between N and Karnofsky status.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) adalah keganasan yang berasal dari epitel nasofaring yang biasanya timbul di fossa Rosenmüller. KNF merupakan kanker di kepala dan leher yang paling umum terjadi di Indonesia. Terapi utama pada KNF adalah radioterapi. Kemoterapi neoajuvan dapat menurunkan penyebaran lokal KNF stadium lanjut, mengoptimalkan eradikasi mikrometastasis, dan meningkatkan kontrol lokal. Efektivitas kemoterapi neoajuvan dapat dinilai dengan perubahan ukuran nodul leher (N) pasien, indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dan status Karnofsky pasien. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara N dengan IMT dan status Karnofsky pada pemberian kemoterapi neoajuvan Cisplatin dan 5-Fu pada pasien KNF WHO tipe 3. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan menggunakan data rekam medis. Penilaian dilakukan terhadap N, IMT dan status Karnofsky pada 23 pasien KNF WHO tipe 3 yang telah menjalani kemoterapi neoajuvan dengan menggunakan Cisplatin dan 5-Fu sebanyak tiga siklus. Hasil: Nilai N menurun, p=0,001. Nilai IMT menurun, p=0,615. Nilai status Karnofsky, p=0,564. Korelasi antara N dengan IMT sebelum dan setelah tiga siklus kemoterapi neoajuvan: r= -0,201 dan p= 0,358; r= -0,070 dan p=0,751. Korelasi N dengan status Karnofsky: r=0,155 dan p=0,480; r=0,571 dan p=0,004. Kesimpulan: Kemoterapi neoajuvan dengan Cisplatin dan 5-Fu efektif terhadap penurunan N serta korelasi antara N dengan IMT, namun kurang efektif menilai korelasi antara N dengan Status Karnofsky.Kata kunci: karsinoma nasofaring, kemoterapi neoajuvan,nodul, indeks massa tubuh, status Karnofsky
The role of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Nadya Dwi Karsa; Sukri Rahman
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 50, No 2 (2020): Volume 50, No. 2 July - December 2020
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v50i2.327

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that arises from the epithelial cell that cover surface of the nasopharynx, which has the highest incidence of all types of head and neck cancer. Cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in the growth and development of NPC. The expressions of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) of NPC is still being debated and researched. Objective: To find out and understand the role of PD-L1 expression in NPC. Literature review: PD-L1 is a ligand from Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptors that could be expressed by cancer cells. When the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is active, it promotes survival of cancer cells via anti apoptotic signals and inhibits the activation of signaling pathways, which are critical for survival of T cells. Conclusion: Various studies had found an increase of the PD-L1 expression in NPC cancer cells. PD-L1 is also a potentially important tumor immunotherapy target and can be a significant prognostic factor in NPC. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan suatu tumor ganas epitelial nasofaring yang mempunyai insiden tertinggi di antara kanker kepala dan leher. Imunitas selular mempunyai peran penting terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan KNF. Ekspresi Programmed Death-Ligand  1 (PD-L1) pada KNF masih diperdebatkan dan diteliti. Tujuan: Mengetahui dan memahami peran PD-L1 terhadap kejadian KNF. Tinjauan Pustaka: PD-L1 merupakan ligan dari reseptor Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) yang dapat diekpresikan oleh sel kanker. Jalur PD-1 / PD-L1 yang teraktivasi akan melindungi sel kanker melalui sinyal anti apoptosis dan menghambat aktivasi jalur-jalur pengiriman sinyal lain yang sangat penting untuk kelangsungan hidup sel T. Kesimpulan: Berbagai penelitian menemukan adanya peningkatan ekspresi PD-L1 pada sel kanker KNF. PD-L1 menjadi suatu target imunoterapi yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan respon imun terhadap sel kanker dan dapat dijadikan suatu faktor prognosis pada KNF.
Profile of Head and Neck Cancer Patients at Hasan Sadikin Hospital in 2013-2018 Nur Nathania; Yussy Afriani Dewi; Agung Dinasti Permana
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 50, No 2 (2020): Volume 50, No. 2 July - December 2020
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v50i2.361

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the 6th highest cancer worldwide. Risk factors include history of smoking, exposure of carcinogen, diet, oral hygiene, HPV and EBV infections, genetic, and alcohol consumption. Purpose: To identify the profile of HNC patients in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS) Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2013 to 2018. Method: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in 2013-2018 in the Department of ORL-HNS Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, using total sampling method. Medical record of the patients were used as secondary data. Result: There were 2952 HNC patients consisted of 1689 males and 1263 females. Most of the subjects were graduated from elementary school (45.56%), with mean age 47.45 years old. The majority types of HNC were nasopharyngeal (31.20%), sinonasal (19.65%) and laryngeal (14.16%) carcinoma. The main histopathological types were undifferentiated carcinoma (47.15%) and squamous cell carcinoma (34.08%). The major risk factors were smoking and salted fish consumptions. Discussion: Unlike previous studies, our study found out that most HNC cases occurred in patients under the age of 30 years old. In this research, smoking was the highest risk factor of research subjects, followed by salted fish intake, mosquito burnt coils, and alcohol consumption. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and stadium IV were the highest incidence of HNC, mostly found in male patients. Histopathologically, the dominant type was the undifferentiated carcinoma. Conclusion: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma was the main cancer type. The main histopathological type was undifferentiated carcinoma. The main risk factors were smoking and salted fish consumptions. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Karsinoma kepala leher (KKL) merupakan keganasan terbanyak ke enam di dunia. Faktor risiko KKL antara lain riwayat merokok, paparan karsinogen, diet, kebersihan mulut, infeksi Human Papilloma Virus, Virus Epstein Barr, genetika, konsumsi alkohol. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui profil penderita KKL di Departemen T.H.T-K.L Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung, tahun 2013- 2018. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan total sampling, pada periode 2013-2018 di Dept/KSM THT-KL RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin. Rekam medis subjek penelitian digunakan sebagai data sekunder. Hasil: Terdapat 2.952 penderita KKL terdiri dari 1.689 laki-laki dan 1.263 perempuan. Mayoritas berpendidikan SD (45,56%), dengan rerata usia 47,45 tahun. Jenis KKL terbanyak karsinoma nasofaring (31,20%), sinonasal (19,65%), dan laring (14,16%). Karakteristik histopatologi terbanyak karsinoma tak berdiferensiasi (47,15%) dan karsinoma sel skuamosa (34,08%). Faktor risiko terbanyak merokok serta konsumsi ikan asin. Diskusi: Berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya, penelitian kami mendapatkan kasus KKL terbanyak didapati pada pasien di bawah usia 30 tahun. Didapatkan juga faktor risiko tertinggi adalah merokok, diikuti oleh mengonsumsi ikan asin, obat nyamuk bakar, dan minum alkohol. Angka kejadian KKL terbanyak adalah karsinoma nasofaring stadium IV, yang kebanyakan didapati pada pasien laki-laki. Secara histopatologi, tipe yang dominan adalah jenis karsinoma tak berdiferensiasi. Kesimpulan: Karsinoma nasofaring merupakan jenis KKL terbanyak. Jenis histopatologi terbanyak karsinoma tak berdiferensiasi. Faktor risiko KKL yang paling banyak ditemui yaitu merokok dan konsumsi ikan asin.
Sensorineural hearing loss in Bartter syndrome Zizlavsky, Semiramis; -, Fadilah; Soewento, Ronny; Airlangga, Tri Juda
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 51, No 1 (2021): Volume 51, No. 1 January - June 2021
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v51i1.445

Abstract

Background: Bartter syndrome is a rare inherited case characterized by autosomal recessive and has few different types. Diagnosis is established by laboratory findings, namely hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, and normotensive. Hearing loss indicates Bartter syndrome type IV. Purpose: To report a case of Bartter syndrome with delayed speech. Case report: A seven years old girl with delayed speech and recurrent hypokalemia was referred to the Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, in order to evaluate the hearing level and treatment needed. Based on the Otoacoustic Emission (OAE), Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA), and Auditory State Steady Response (ASSR), the diagnosis was profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and proceeded with hearing aid and also speech occupational therapy. Clinical question: Is there a relationship between Bartter syndrome and the incidence of hearing loss? Review method: Literature review through PubMed, Cochrane, and EBSCO, using keywords such as the impacts of Bartter syndrome on hearing loss, and sensorineural hearing loss in Bartter syndrome case. Result: Following screening of double publication and based on clinical questions over the past five years, only one relevant literature was found. Conclusion: Audiological assessment should be done in all Bartter syndrome’s cases. Early intervention and timely audiological rehabilitation could improve the quality of life of such children.ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Sindrom Bartter merupakan kasus jarang, yang diturunkan secara autosomal resesif dan terdiri atas beberapa tipe. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan temuan laboratorium yaitu hipokalemi, alkalosis metabolik dan tekanan darah normal. Adanya gangguan pendengaran merupakan sindrom Bartter tipe IV. Tujuan: melaporkan kasus Sindrom Bartter dengan keterlambatan bicara. Kasus: Dilaporkan satu kasus anak perempuan berusia tujuh tahun dengan gangguan bicara dan terdapat riwayat hipokalemia berulang yang dirujuk ke Departemen Telinga Hidung Tenggorok-Bedah Kepala Leher, Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo untuk menilai ambang dengar serta tatalaksana selanjutnya. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan Otoacoustic Emission (OAE), Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA) dan Auditory State Steady Response (ASSR) ditemukan tuli sensorineural sangat berat bilateral yang kemudian ditatalaksana dengan pemakaian Alat Bantu Dengar dan terapi wicara dan okupasi. Pertanyaan klinis: Apakah ada hubungan antara sindroma Bartter dengan insidens gangguan pendengaran? Telaah literatur: Pencarian literatur melalui, PubMed, Cochrane dan EBSCO dengan kata kunci hubungan gangguan pendengaran pada sindrom Bartter, gangguan pendengaran sensorineural pada sindrom Bartter. Hasil: Setelah dilakukan skrining yakni publikasi ganda dan sesuai pertanyaan klinis dari lima tahun terakhir hanya didapatkan satu literatur yang relevan. Kesimpulan: Pemeriksaan pendengaran harus dilakukan pada kasus dengan sindrom Bartter. Intervensi dini dan rehabilitasi audiologi yang tepat waktu dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup anak dengan sindrom Bartter.Kata kunci: sindroma Bartter, tuli sensorineural.

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