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Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Telinga Hidung dan Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Indonesia
ISSN : 02163667     EISSN : 25983970     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal Othorhinolaryngologica Indonesiana is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery that publishes research reports, case reports, and literature reviews, to increase knowledge and updating diagnostics procedurs on otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
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Articles 493 Documents
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Fungus ball paranasal sinuses: pattern of histopathology and culture characteristics Nugroho Suharsono
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.315

Abstract

Background: Fungal infection of the nose and paranasal sinuses is an uncommon condition which is now being increasingly recognized. The clinical presentation is not specific with various symptoms such as nasal obstruction, purulent nasal discharge, facial pain, and chronic cough. Only unilaterality may alert the clinician. Purpose: To find the morphological characteristics of the fungus in patients with paranasal sinus fungus ball. Methods: A retrospective study of 13 paranasal sinus fungus balls cases which underwent endoscopic sinus surgery at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery St. Vincentius A Paulo Hospital Surabaya from March, 2012 until December, 2013. Age, sex, histopathology and fungal cultur were analysed. Histopathologic sections of all the patients were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and Gomori methenamine silver (GMS). The specimens were then cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates and incubated at 30°C for 1 month. At the end of the incubation period, the samples were evaluated microscopically to detect fungi and identify their species. Results: The age reported of the 13 patients, was ranging from 36 to 63 years old. There was a significant female predominance, 10 female patients (76.92%) and 3 male patients (23.08%). Histopathological examination showed that most causative agents were Aspergillus species 92.31% (12/13). Culture test was positive for 69.23% (9/13). Aspergillus niger (61.54%, 8/13) is the most frequent fungus reported to cause fungus balls. Conclusion: Pattern of histopathologic on HE and GMS is very helpful and sensitive to identify fungi. The most common isolated mould in our study was Aspergillus niger.Keywords: fungus ball, histopathology and culture, Aspergillus nigerABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Infeksi jamur di hidung dan sinus paranasal merupakan kondisi yang jarang terjadi, namun kini lebih sering ditemukan. Gejala klinisnya tidak spesifik dapat berupa obstruksi hidung, sekret dari hidung, nyeri wajah, dan batuk kronis. Bila terjadi unilateral, patut diwaspadai oleh para klinisi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfologi fungus yang didapati pada pasien sinusitis jamur yang kami teliti. Metode: Dilakukan penelitian retrospektif pada 13 pasien sinusitis jamur yang menjalani bedah sinus endoskopi di Departemen Otorinolaringologi-Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit St. Vincentius A Paulo Surabaya dari bulan Maret 2012 sampai dengan Desember 2013. Dilakukan analisis usia, jenis kelamin, histopatologi dan kultur jamur. Pewarnaan preparat histopatologi menggunakan Hematoxylin dan eosin (H&E) dan Gomori Methenamine Silver (GMS). Kemudian spesimen diletakkan pada piring agar Sabouraud dextrose, dan dilakukan inkubasi pada suhu 30°C selama satu bulan. Pada akhir masa inkubasi, sampel dievaluasi dengan mikroskop untuk mendeteksi jamur dan spesiesnya. Hasil: Didapati usia 13 penderita berkisar dari 36-63 tahun. Wanita lebih dominan sebanyak 10 penderita (76,92 %) dan 3 penderita laki-laki (23,08%). Hasil pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan spesies Aspergillus sebagai penyebab utama (92,31%) pada 12 penderita (12/13).Tes kultur positif pada 69,23% (9/13). Jamur yang paling sering menyebabkan bola jamur pada sinus adalah Aspergillus niger (61,54%, 8/13). Kesimpulan: Pewarnaan preparat histopatologi menggunakan Hematoxylin dan eosin (H&E) dan Gomori Methenamine Silver (GMS) sangat berguna dan sensitif dalam mendeteksi adanya jamur. Jenis jamur yang paling banyak ditemukan pada penelitian kami adalah Aspergillus niger.
Pengaruh pemberian vitamin E terhadap eosinofil mukosa hidung dan kualitas hidup penderita rinitis alergi Nanchy Christy; Rus Suheryanto; Mohammad Dwijo Murdiyo
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.316

Abstract

Latar belakang: Penyakit rinitis alergi (RA) banyak dijumpai dan memberi dampak negatif terhadap produktivitas, kualitas hidup, gangguan tidur, aktivitas di luar rumah, serta gangguan sekolah pada anak. Vitamin E bekerja sebagai antioksidan pada membran sel dan berikatan dengan radikal bebas dengan cara menghambat peroksidasi Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA). Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh vitamin E terhadap jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung dan perbaikan klinis pada penderita rinitis alergi persisten sedang berat. Metode: Menggunakan Randomized Clinical Trial, double blind, pre and post control group dengan perlakuan pemberian terapi semprot hidung triamcinolone acetonide, cetirizine 10 mg, dan vitamin E 400IU selama 4 minggu. Dilakukan penilaian Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) dan Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), serta pemeriksaan eosinofil mukosa hidung pada awal dan 4 minggu setelah perlakuan. Hasil: Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung sebelum dan sesudah pemberian vitamin E pada kelompok perlakuan (p=<0,001). Penurunan jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung lebih besar dan bermakna pada kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p=<0,001). Didapat perbaikan kualitas hidup berdasarkan perbaikan nilai VAS dan TNSS yang bermakna setelah perlakuan pada kelompok kontrol maupun perlakuan (p=<0,001), serta didapatkan perbaikan kualitas hidup berdasarkan nilai VAS dan TNSS pada kedua kelompok dengan selisih nilai perbaikan gejala yang lebih besar pada kelompok perlakuan, namun dari perhitungan statistik tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna. Kesimpulan: Vitamin E 400IU menurunkan jumlah eosinofil mukosa hidung secara bermakna pada pasien rinitis alergi persisten sedang berat. Perbaikan nilai TNSS pada penggunaan vitamin E 400IU lebih baik dibandingkan subjek yang mendapat plasebo, walaupun tidak berbeda secara bermakna.Kata kunci: rinitis alergi, Vitamin E, Total Nasal Symptom Score ABSTRACT Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease frequently found and has a negative impact on productivity, quality of life, sleep disorder, outdoors activities, and school disruption in children. Vitamin E works as an antioxidant in cell membranes through binding free radicals by inhibiting peroxidation of Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA). Purpose: To find out the effect of vitamin E administration on nasal mucosa eosinophil counts and the clinical improvement in patients with moderate severe persistent AR. Methods: A double blind randomized clinical trial, pre and post control group, given therapy of triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray, cetirizine 10 mg, and vitamin E 400 IU orally for 4 weeks. Evaluation by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), as well as nasal mucosal eosinophils count at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment. Results: There was a significant difference on the number of nasal mucosal eosinophils before and after vitamin E administration in the treatment group (p = <0.001). A greater and more significant decrease in the number of nasal mucosal eosinophils in the treatment group compared to control group (p = <0.001). Significant improvement of VAS and TNSS after treatment in the control and treatment groups (p = <0.001) and quality of life improvement based on VAS and TNSS values in both control and treatment groups, but the statistical calculations showed no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Vitamin E 400IU significantly reduce the number of nasal mucosal eosinophils in patients with moderate severe persistent AR.
Korelasi ekspresi IL-6 dengan STAT3 pada metastasis penderita KNF WHO tipe 3 LMP-1 positif S. Soehartono; Monika Teresa Prasetyo; Hendradi Surjotomo; Hendy Setyo Yudhanto
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.317

Abstract

Latar belakang: Karsinogenesis karsinoma nasofaring sangat kompleks, dan disebabkan oleh interaksi antara infeksi kronis Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), faktor lingkungan, dan perubahan genetik serta epigenetik. Latent Membrane Protein (LMP)-1 merupakan antigen utama EBV. LMP-1 diyakini menstimulasi ekspresi sitokin yang memengaruhi perilaku sel epitel, salah satunya adalah Interleukin (IL)- 6. IL-6 akan mengaktivasi jalur Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)3. Peningkatan ekspresi IL-6 dan STAT3 memiliki kaitan erat dalam lingkungan mikro tumor KNF, namun peran IL-6 dan STAT3 dalam modulasi migrasi dan invasi sel KNF masih belum jelas diketahui. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara ekspresi IL-6 dan ekspresi STAT3 di jaringan nasofaring dengan metastasis penderita KNF WHO tipe III LMP-1 positif. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang melibatkan 15 penderita KNF WHO tipe III LMP-1 positif. Pemeriksaan ekspresi LMP-1, IL-6, dan STAT3 menggunakan metode pewarnaan imunohistokimia, dan hasilnya dihitung dengan menggunakan software ImmunoRatio. Penentuan stadium klinis metastasis berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan penunjang radiologis, kemudian dievaluasi nilai TNM menggunakan AJCC 2017. Hasil: Analisis statistik ekspresi IL-6 dan STAT3 menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan (p=0,020) dengan koefisien korelasi r=0,592. Tidak terdapat perbedaan ekspresi IL-6 yang bermakna di antara penderita stadium III, IVa, dan IVb (p=0,116). Terdapat perbedaan ekspresi STAT3 yang signifikan di antara penderita dengan stadium III, IVa, dan IVb (p=0,038). Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi ekspresi IL-6 maka ekspresi STAT3 pada jaringan nasofaring penderita KNF WHO tipe III LMP-1 positif semakin meningkat. Semakin tinggi stadium klinis, maka ekspresi STAT3 pada jaringan nasofaring penderita KNF WHO tipe III LMP-1 positif akan meningkat. Kata kunci: karsinoma nasofaring, Virus Epstein-Barr, LMP-1, IL-6, STAT3 ABSTRACT Background:Carcinogenesis of NPC is complex interactions among chronic EBV infection, environmental factors, genetic and epigenetic. LMP-1 is EBV’s antigen most expressed in NPC cases. LMP-1 is believed to stimulate expression of cytokines that affect the behavior of epithelial cells, i.e. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) which will activate the STAT3 pathway. Increased expression of IL-6 and STAT3 has a close relationship in tumor microenvironment of NPC patients, but the role of IL-6 and STAT3 themselves in modulation of migration and invasion of NPC cells are not yet fully understood. Purpose: To find out the correlation between IL-6 expression and STAT3 expression in the nasopharyngeal tissue of NPC patients with LMP-1 positive metastatic WHO type III. Method: Observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach involving 15 patients WHO type III LMP-1 positive NPC patients. Examination of LMP-1, IL-6, and STAT3 using immunohistochemical, and the results were calculated using ImmunoRatio. Clinical staging of metastases based on clinical examination and radiological imaging then synchronized with AJCC 2017. Result: Expressions of IL-6 and STAT3 showed significant correlation (p=0.020) with coefficient r=0.592. There were no differences in IL-6 expression among patients with stage III, IVa, and IVb (p=0.116). There were significant differences in STAT3 expression among patients with stage III, IVa, and IVb (p=0.038). Conclusion: There was a significant positive correlation between IL-6 and STAT3 in tissue from WHO type III LMP-1 positive NPC patients. The higher the clinical stage, the expression of STAT3 in the nasopharyngeal tissue of positive WHO type III LMP-1 NPC patients will increase. 
Validitas, reliabilitas dan adaptasi transkultural Dizziness Handicap Inventory dalam Bahasa Indonesia Jenny Bashiruddin; Widayat Alviandi; Brastho Bramantyo; D. Daneswarry
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.318

Abstract

  Latar belakang: Keluhan gangguan keseimbangan berupa dizziness sulit untuk diukur, sementara itu individu dengan keluhan dizziness sering mengalami kesulitan untuk beraktivitas dan terganggu kualitas hidupnya. Salah satu perangkat yang paling sering digunakan untuk menilai kecacatan (handicap) pasien gangguan keseimbangan adalah kuesioner Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). Sampai sekarang, kuesioner ini belum pernah diadaptasi ke bahasa Indonesia. DHI versi adaptasi yang valid dan handal (reliable) dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kualitas hidup, dan sebagai modalitas untuk menilai efektivitas terapi pasien gangguan keseimbangan. Tujuan: Mendapatkan instrumen DHI adaptasi bahasa Indonesia dengan validitas dan reabilitas yang teruji. Metode: Desain potong lintang digunakan pada studi yang dilaksanakan di poliklinik THT Divisi Neurotologi Departemen THT RS Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo sejak Agustus 2012 sampai Februari 2013, pada pasien gangguan keseimbangan usia dewasa. Kuesioner DHI yang terdiri dari 25 pertanyaan diterjemahkan ke bahasa Indonesia, kemudian dilakukan terjemahan balik dengan proses validasi dan juga adaptasi kultural. Hasil: Uji validitas dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Spearman dan mendapatkan korelasi yang bermakna pada seluruh butir pertanyaan pada tingkat signifikansi p < 0,1 dengan nilai r sebesar 0,409- 0,783. Uji reliabilitas mendapatkan hasil nilai Cronbach-α total 0,9265 yang sangat baik untuk semua skala. Kesimpulan: Instrumen DHI adaptasi bahasa Indonesia valid dan handal berdasarkan kaidah validasi transkultural WHO sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai instrumen psikometrik untuk menilai kualitas hidup pasien gangguan keseimbangan.Kata kunci: Dizziness Handicap Inventory, gangguan keseimbangan, kecacatanABSTRACT Background: Balance disorder symptoms, such as dizziness is difficult to be assessed, it could caused difficulties in doing daily activities, and declining the quality of life. The most frequent tools used to measure handicap in patients with balance disorder is Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). This questionnaire has never been adapted to Indonesian language. A valid and reliable version of the DHI adaptation can be used to measure the quality of life and also as a modality for assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic outcomes in balance disorders patients. Purpose: To obtain an Indonesian adaptation of DHI instrument which is valid and reliable. Methods: A cross-sectional research design in Outpatient Clinic of Neurotology Division, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, from August 2012 to February 2013. Respondents were all adult patients with balance disorders. DHI questionnaire contained 25 questions was translated into Indonesian language and re-translated with validation process and cultural adaptation. Results: The validity test was carried out with Spearman correlation test and obtained a significant correlation on all questions at a significance level of p<0.1 with r value of 0.409-0.783. The reliability test obtained a Cronbach-α value of 0.9265 which was very good for all scales. Conclusion: The Indonesian adaptation of DHI instrument was valid and reliable based on WHO transcultural validation rules, therefore it can be used as a psychometric instrument to assess the quality of life of patients with balance disorders.
Communication ability and related factors in children with hearing aids W. Wijana; Rico Doloksaribu
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.319

Abstract

Background:Hearing function is very significant in the development of speech and language. Hearing disorders in children can lead to communication skill disturbance. Hearing aids can help to support the development of hearing, talking, and communication abilities. Several factors such as age, duration of using hearing aids, and parental participation in encouraging children to communicate and undergo auditory verbal therapy, are recognized to have impacts on communication skills. Aim:To find out communication capabilities and related factors after using hearing aids in children. Method:A cross sectional study was performed at a private hearing center in Bandung. Inclusion criteria was children using hearing aids who were doing follow-up in the period January-May 2018. Result: From 60 research subjects, there were 35 (58.33%) who used mixed communication, and 23 (38.33%) were in special school. There were 37 (61.67%) who had more than 6 hours communication, 45 (75%) underwent routine therapy, and 23 (38.33%) underwent Auditory Verbal Therapy (AVT) and Speech Therapy. The assessment was using PEACH (Parents’ Evaluation of Aural/oral performance of Children) score. A total of 66.67% subjects had a low (<60) PEACH score, 16.67% had a moderate (>60 - ≤75) PEACH score, and 16.66% had a normal (>75) PEACH score. The PEACH score in this study showed an average value of 52.63% with 16.66% had a normal (>75) PEACH score. Conclusion:Specific characters that had significant correlation with normal PEACH score were communication method, educational method, communication duration, frequency of therapy, and type of therapy (p <0.05). Keywords: PEACH score, hearing aid, communication, children ABSTRACT Latar Belakang: Fungsi pendengaran sangat berpengaruh pada perkembangan bicara dan bahasa. Gangguan pendengaran pada anak dapat menyebabkan gangguan komunikasi. Alat bantu dengar menunjang mengembangkan kemampuan mendengar, berbicara, dan berkomunikasi. Beberapa faktor seperti usia, lamanya penggunaan alat bantu dengar, dan keaktifan orang tua dalam mendorong anak untuk berkomunikasi dan melakukan terapi verbal pendengaran diketahui memiliki dampak pada keterampilan komunikasi. Tujuan: Mengetahui kemampuan komunikasi dan faktor yang memengaruhi setelah menggunakan alat bantu dengar pada anak-anak. Metode: Telah dilakukan penelitian cross sectional di sebuah Klinik Pusat pendengaran di Bandung pada periode Januari-Mei 2018 . Kriteria inklusi untuk penelitian ini adalah anak yang menggunakan alat bantu dengar, yang melakukan kontrol pada periode Januari-Mei 2018. Hasil: Dari 60 subjek yang sesuai dengan kriteria penelitian, terdapat 35 anak (58,33%) yang menggunakan komunikasi campuran, dan 23 anak (38,33%) mengikuti pendidikan di sekolah khusus. Ada 37 anak (61,67%) yang memiliki durasi komunikasi lebih dari 6 jam, 45 anak (75%) rutin dalam terapi, dan 23 anak (38,33%) yang menggunakan terapi Auditory Verbal Therapy (AVT) dan terapi wicara. Penilaiannya menggunakan skor PEACH (Parents’ Evaluation of Aural/ oral performance of Children). Sebanyak 66,67% subjek memiliki skor PEACH rendah (<60), 16,67% memiliki skor PEACH sedang (> 60 - ≤ 75), dan 16,66% memiliki skor PEACH normal (> 75). Skor PEACH dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 52,63% dengan 16,66% memiliki skor PEACH normal (>75). Kesimpulan: Karakteristik yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan skor PEACH normal adalah metode komunikasi, metode pendidikan, durasi komunikasi, frekuensi terapi, dan jenis terapi yang digunakan (p<0,05). 
Peran implanted electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses(Imp-eABR) pada pasien tuli kongenital Fikri Mirza Putranto; Jenny Bashiruddin; Semiramis Zizlavsky; Irawan Mangunatmadja; Jacub Pandelaki; Saptawati Bardosono; Wijana Hasansulama
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.320

Abstract

Latar belakang: Variasi performa pasca implan koklea menunjukkan adanya variasi patologi yang belum dapat dijelaskan melalui pemeriksaan standar pra-operasi. Untuk itu dibutuhkan pemeriksaan yang dapat menunjukkan variasi integritas jaras auditori sebagai petunjuk variasi potensi internal tiap individu. Tujuan: Mendapatkan variasi respons jaras auditori terhadap stimulus listrik pasca implan berdasarkan pemeriksaan Implanted Electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Respons (Imp-eABR), serta korelasinya dengan faktor internal pra-implan lain berupa usia, luas area n. koklearis dan kemampuan komunikasi pra-operasi. Metode: Kriteria subjek penelitian adalah pasien operasi implan koklea berusia kurang dari 10 tahun, memiliki koklea dan n. koklearis normal, dan pada pasien berusia lebih dari 4 tahun sudah memakai alat bantu dengar minimal 1 tahun. Pemeriksaan Imp-eABR dilakukan terhadap 5 elektrode yang mewakili area apikal, medial dan basal koklea. Dicari hubungan respons dari stimulasi terhadap ketiga faktor internal.Hasil:Pemeriksaan Imp-eABR dilakukan terhadap 28 telinga dari 19 pasien yang dilakukan operasi secara unilateral dan bilateral. Rerata skor total respons Imp-eABR adalah 6,3 + 2,63; dengan 60,7% telinga memiliki skor total kurang dari 8. Uji regresi linear menunjukkan faktor usia, luas area n. koklearis dan kemampuan komunikasi berkorelasi secara bermakna dan dapat memprediksi variasi skor Imp-eABR sebanyak 49,2%. Kesimpulan:Variasi skor total Imp-eABR pada pasien dengan faktor internal pra-operasi menunjukkan adanya patogenesis lain yang mendasari kemampuan transmisi jaras pendengaran retrokoklea terhadap stimulasi listrik dari implan koklea. Faktor internal pra-operasi dapat menjelaskan kurang dari 50% variasi respons Imp-eABR. Kata kunci: Imp-eABR, luas area n. koklearis, implant koklea, integritas jaras auditori ABSTRACT Background:Variations in performance after cochlear implant indicates pathology variations that cannot be explained through standard preoperative examination. Therefore, an examination is needed to show variations in the integrity of auditory pathways as a guide to internal potential variations of each individual. Objectives: To show variations of auditory pathways responses to electrical stimulation from cochlear implant by performing Implanted Electrically evoked Auditory Brainstem Response (Imp-eABR) examination and to find its correlation to age, cochlear nerve area and preoperative communication skills. Methods: Subjects were cochlear implant patients with age less than 10 years, had normal cochlear and cochlear nerve,and patients over 4 years old with history of wearing hearing aids for at least 1 year. The Imp-eABR examination was performed to 5 electrodes representing the apical, medial and basal areas of the cochlea. Results:Imp-eABR examination was performed on 28 ears from 19 patients who underwent unilateral and bilateral surgery. The average total score of Imp-eABR responses was 6.3 + 2.63; with 60.7% of the ears having a total score of less than 8. Linear regression tests showed age,cochlear nerve area,andcommunicationabilitysignificantlycorrelate,it canexplain49.2%ofthevariationinthetotal Imp-eABR score. Conclusion: The variation in the total Imp-eABR score in patients with preoperative internal factors indicated that another pathogenesis also underlines the ability of transmission of the retrocochlear auditory pathway to electrical stimulation from the cochlear implant. Preoperative internal factors can only explain less than 50% of the variation of the Imp-eABR response.   
Agenesis corpus callosum: dampaknya pada perkembangan bicara anak Semiramis Zizlavsky; Tara Candida Mariska
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.321

Abstract

Latar belakang: Corpus callosum (CC) merupakan jalur utama yang menghubungkan hemisfer cerebral. Fungsinya adalah mentransfer informasi dari satu hemifer ke hemisfer lainnya dengan menyediakan sarana untuk mengintegrasi informasi dari setiap hemisfer untuk menerima, memahami dan bertindak sepenuhnya atas masukan sensori termasuk auditori yang berdampak pada proses perkembangan bicara. Tujuan: Mengetahui adakah gangguan pendengaran dan proses perkembangan bicara pada anak sebagai Agenesis Corpus Callosum (AgCC) serta penanganannya. Laporan kasus: Dilaporkan dua kasus yang terdiagnosis sebagai agenesis corpus callosum dan dirujuk untuk mengetahui adakah gangguan pendengaran yang diperkirakan akan berdampak pada perkembangan bicara. Pada kasus pertama terdapat Otitis Media Efusi bilateral dengan adanya keterlambatan bicara dan motorik, sedangkan kasus kedua tidak ditemukan adanya gangguan pendengaran. Metode: Berdasarkan telaah literatur berbasis bukti melalui Pubmed, Science Direct, Springer Link, Clinical Key dengan kata kunci agenesis corpus callosum, pemeriksaan pendengaran, gangguan bicara diperoleh 161 literatur. Skrining dilakukan dan diperoleh 12 literatur yang relevan. Pemilihan jurnal 5 tahun terakhir dengan memasukkan kata kunci maka diperoleh 2 jurnal yang sesuai. Kesimpulan: Penegakan diagnosis agenesis CC sering luput karena gejala yang ditimbulkan tidak khas, sehingga kebanyakan kasus baru terdiagnosis bila ada riwayat kejang yang perlu dicari etiologinya, atau adanya dugaan hidrosefalus. Gangguan pendengaran tidak selalu terjadi tetapi permasalahan yang utama adalah tidak terjadinya integrasi informasi sensorik antar hemisfer yang memengaruhi perkembangan bicara. Oleh karena itu kedua kasus tersebut perlu dievaluasi lanjut. Penanganan kasus agenesis CC bervariasi tergantung kelainan yang dialami.Kata kunci: Agenesis corpus callosum, gangguan pendengaran, perkembangan bicaraABSTRACT Background: The corpus callosum is the main pathway connecting the cerebral hemispheres. Its function is to transfer information from one hemisphere to another by providing a means to integrate information from each hemisphere to receive, understand and act fully on sensory input including auditory which has an impact on the process of speech development. Objective: To identify hearing loss and speech development impairment in children as agenesis CC (AgCC) and provide recommendations regarding the treatment needed. Case Report: Two AgCC cases were reported and referred to identify hearing loss that could interfere with speech development. On the first case, bilateral otitis media with effusion was found along with speech and motoric delay. On the second case, hearing problem was not identified. Methods: Evidence-based literature review was performed through Pubmed, Science Direct, Springer Link, Clinical Key with agenesis corpus callosum, hearing examination, speech disorders as keywords produced 161 literatures. Screening was carried out, resulting in 12 relevant literatures. Selection of the last 5 years by entering keywords produced 2 appropriate journals. Conclusion: Diagnosis of CC is often missed because the symptoms are not typical. Most cases are diagnosed when a history of seizures appeared that need to be sought for etiology or the presence of hydrocephalus. Hearing loss is not always the case but the main problem is its impact on speech development. Therefore both cases need to be further evaluated. Treatment of AgCC cases varies depend on the abnormality found.
Choristoma kartilaginosa pada lidah: kasus langka Indra Zachreini; F. Faisal; Muhammad Najib Dahlan Lubis
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 49 (2019): Volume 49, No. 2 July - December 2019
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v49i20.322

Abstract

Latar belakang: Choristoma adalah suatu pertumbuhan jaringan normal di daerah yang tidak semestinya. Choristoma kartilaginosa pada lidah adalah pertumbuhan tulang rawan normal, yang berbentuk seperti tumor, terdapat pada lidah, pertumbuhan lambat, berbatas tegas, dan bersifat jinak, yang berkembang dari jaringan tulang rawan yang matang. Kelainan ini jarang ditemukan. Etiologi dan patogenesisnya sampai saat ini belum jelas namun diduga terjadi akibat malformasi perkembangan, atau reaksi pasca trauma. Tujuan: Melaporkan satu kasus choristoma kartilaginosa pada lidah, yang jarang ditemukan. Laporan Kasus: Kasus langka ini ditemukan pada seorang wanita berusia 39 tahun dengan keluhan terasa ada benjolan di pangkal lidah. Pada pemeriksaan tampak massa tumor di pangkal lidah, bertangkai, tidak nyeri dan tidak mudah berdarah. Penatalaksanaan berupa eksisi bedah secara lengkap. Pemeriksaan histopatologi didapati choristoma kartilaginosa pada lidah. Metode: Penelusuran bukti kepustakaan menghasilkan 11 jurnal dan hanya 3 jurnal yang relevan. Hasil: Dari hasil 3 jurnal yang relevan dengan kasus yang kami laporkan, mempunyai kesamaan dalam lokasi dan penatalaksanaannya. Kesimpulan: choristoma kartilaginosa pada lidah merupakan lesi jinak yang jarang ditemukan.Kata kunci: Choristoma kartilaginosa lidah, histopatologi, eksisiABSTRACT Background: Choristoma is a tumor-like growth of normal tissue in unusual location/site. Cartilaginous choristoma of the tongue is a normal cartilage growth which shaped like a tumor, located in the tongue, slow growing, well defined, benign, developed from mature cartilage tissue. This disorder is rarely found. Up till now, the etiology and pathogenesis is still unsure, but it is assumed to be the result of developmental malformations or post traumatic reactions. Purpose: To report a rare case of cartilaginous choristoma of the tongue. Case: A 39 years old woman came with a lump at the base of her tongue. Physical examination found a stalked tumor mass in the tongue, which was painless, and not easily bled. Management of this lesion was a complete excision. Histopathology examination found a cartilaginous choristoma of the tongue. Method: Searching for literature evidence produced 11 journals, and only 3 journals were relevant. Result: From the 3 relevant journals, there were similarities on location and case management with this reported case. Conclusion: Cartilaginous choristomas of the tongue is a benign lesion of the tongue that is rarely found.
Modified cervicofacial flap for temporal region reconstruction post basal cell carcinoma excision Lorensia Fitra Dwita; Al Hafiz
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 50 No. 2 (2020): Volume 50, No. 2 July - December 2020
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v50i2.325

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Cervicofacial flap is considered to be the main choice for reconstruction of large defect in skin malignancies at head and neck such as basal cell carcinoma. Cervicofacial flap has a high successfull rate, due to the excellent vascularization, also the suitable matching in colour, thickness and texture. Purpose: To find out the result of reconstruction with modified cervicofacial flap after wide excision of basal cell carcinoma. Case report: A case of a 54-year-old-woman with basal cell carcinoma of the skin at right temporal region. Reconstruction of the temporal area was performed using a modified cervicofacial flap and followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, which resulted in a good outcome. Clinical Question: Is modified cervicofacial flap, the appropriate technique for defect reconstruction of post excision basal cell carcinoma at temporal region? Review method: Evidence based literature study of the procedure and outcome after reconstruction with modified cervicofacial flap through Cochrane library, Pubmed Medline, and hand searching. Result: Cervicofacial flap has a good vascularization, gave a blending colour, and almost similar healthy skin texture with its surrounding. Conclusion: Cervicofacial flap is the best technique for large defect in head and neck area, particularly in the face. Cervicofacial flap is also used for covering the cutaneous defect at facial and cheek region due to malignancy, particularly for basal cell carcinoma. It produces a good outcome. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Flap servikofasial dianggap merupakan pilihan utama  untuk  rekonstruksi  defek yang luas pada keganasan kulit pada area kepala dan leher, seperti karsinoma sel basal. Flap servikofasial memiliki tingkat keberhasilan yang cukup tingg, karena jenis flap ini memiliki vaskularisasi yang baik serta memberikan keserasian warna, ketebalan dan tekstur yang sesuai. Tujuan: Mengetahui keberhasilan rekonstruksi dengan teknik flap servikofasial modifikasi pasca eksisi karsinoma sel basal. Laporan kasus: Seorang wanita berusia 54 tahun dengan diagnosis karsinoma sel basal kulit regio temporalis dekstra. Pada pasien telah dilakukan rekonstruksi daerah temporal dengan teknik flap servikofasialis modifikasi serta dilanjutkan dengan radioterapi adjuvan. Penatalaksanaan tersebut memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Pertanyaan Klinis: Apakah teknik servikofasial flap modifikasi merupakan teknik yang tepat untuk menutup defek pasca eksisi karsinoma sel basal regio temporal? Telaah literatur: Berbasis bukti mengenai teknik dan hasil dari rekonstruksi dengan flap servikofasialis modifikasi melalui database Cochrane library, Pubmed Medline, dan pencarian manual. Hasil: Flap servikofasial memberikan vaskularisasi yang baik, warna yang sesuai dan mendekati tekstur kulit sehat sekitarnya. Kesimpulan: Flap servikofasial merupakan teknik flap terbaik untuk menutupi defek yang luas pada kepala dan leher, terutama pada area wajah. Flap servikofasial juga digunakan untuk menutup defek pada kulit wajah dan pipi akibat keganasan, terutama pada karsinoma sel basal, dan memberikan hasil yang baik.
The role of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma Nadya Dwi Karsa; Sukri Rahman
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol. 50 No. 2 (2020): Volume 50, No. 2 July - December 2020
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32637/orli.v50i2.327

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that arises from the epithelial cell that cover surface of the nasopharynx, which has the highest incidence of all types of head and neck cancer. Cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in the growth and development of NPC. The expressions of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) of NPC is still being debated and researched. Objective: To find out and understand the role of PD-L1 expression in NPC. Literature review: PD-L1 is a ligand from Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptors that could be expressed by cancer cells. When the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is active, it promotes survival of cancer cells via anti apoptotic signals and inhibits the activation of signaling pathways, which are critical for survival of T cells. Conclusion: Various studies had found an increase of the PD-L1 expression in NPC cancer cells. PD-L1 is also a potentially important tumor immunotherapy target and can be a significant prognostic factor in NPC. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan suatu tumor ganas epitelial nasofaring yang mempunyai insiden tertinggi di antara kanker kepala dan leher. Imunitas selular mempunyai peran penting terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan KNF. Ekspresi Programmed Death-Ligand  1 (PD-L1) pada KNF masih diperdebatkan dan diteliti. Tujuan: Mengetahui dan memahami peran PD-L1 terhadap kejadian KNF. Tinjauan Pustaka: PD-L1 merupakan ligan dari reseptor Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) yang dapat diekpresikan oleh sel kanker. Jalur PD-1 / PD-L1 yang teraktivasi akan melindungi sel kanker melalui sinyal anti apoptosis dan menghambat aktivasi jalur-jalur pengiriman sinyal lain yang sangat penting untuk kelangsungan hidup sel T. Kesimpulan: Berbagai penelitian menemukan adanya peningkatan ekspresi PD-L1 pada sel kanker KNF. PD-L1 menjadi suatu target imunoterapi yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan respon imun terhadap sel kanker dan dapat dijadikan suatu faktor prognosis pada KNF.

Page 32 of 50 | Total Record : 493

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