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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 792 Documents
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KEPADATAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI PERUMNAS SITEBA PADANG TAHUN 2008 Nuzulia Irawati
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 34, No 2 (2010): Published in August 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (273.97 KB) | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v34.i2.p132-137.2010

Abstract

AbstrakDemam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat terpenting di Indonesia. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus dengue, yang disebarkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai vektor utama. Penyakit ini menyebar bersamaan dengan peningkatan mobilitas penduduk, kepadatan penduduk dan transportasi. Penyelidikan telah dilakukan dalam rangka memperoleh jawaban tentang kepadatan vektor DBD di Perumnas Siteba menggunakan metode penelitian Survey Deskriptif (Cross Sectional). Dalam hal ini, 100 buah rumah digunakan sebagai sampel sedangkan teknik pengambilan sample adalah Multi Stage Random Sampling. Hasil yang didapatkan 33% rumah dan 20.7% kontainer positif mengandung larva aedes dan 100% berupa Aedes aegypti. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kepadatan vektor DBD di Perumnas Siteba Padang cukup tinggi dengan ratio 3: 1, dengan vektornya Aesdes aegypti. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari salah satu rumah yang positif larva Aesdes aegypti.Kata lunci : Aedes aegypti, Dengue Haemorrhagic fever (DHF)AbstractDengue Hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still an critical community health problem in Indonesia. This disease is caused by Dengue Virus, which is spread through Aedes aegypti’s bite as the main vector. This disease spread together along with the increasing of people’s mobiliy, the population density and the transportation. The research has been done in order to get the description of the density 0f DHF vector in Perumnas Siteba by using Descriptive Survey (Cross Sectional) research method. In this case, one hundred houses are used as the sample, while the technique of taking the sample is in Multistage Random Sampling. The result 0f above 33% house and 20.7% the containera, positively with Aedes larva and almost 100% vector’s species are Aedes aegypti. In this respect, it can be concluded that the density of DHF Vector in Perumnas Siteba Padang is ther high, in ratio 3:1. It can be seen from one of three houses are positive with Aedes aegypti larvae.Key word : Aedes aegypti, Dengue Haemorrhagic fever (DHF)ARTIKEL PENELITIAN
Metilasi DNA dan Peranannya Pada Kanker Payudara Sporadik Wirsma Arif Harahap
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 37 (2014): Supplement 2 | Published in December 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8040.129 KB)

Abstract

Metilasi DNA dan Peranannya Pada Kanker Payudara Sporadik
ASUPAN GULA HARIAN DARI BAHAN-BAHAN PELENGKAP MASAKAN Evelyn Loanda; Ay Ly Margaret; Jenny Hidayat
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 39, No 1 (2016): Published in April 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.404 KB) | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v39.i1.p21-27.2016

Abstract

Asupan gula penting untuk dibatasi dalam diet sehari-hari. Hal ini dapat menjadi upaya preventif maupun terapi penyakit diabetes mellitus. Asupan gula tambahan maksimal yang dianjurkan per hari 24 gram. Gula yang berada dalam bahan-bahan pelengkap masakan seperti kecap manis, saos sambal, dan saos tiram selama ini tidak diperhitungkan sebagai asupan gula yang harus dibatasi. Peneliti berpendapat bahan-bahan pelengkap masakan tersebut berpengaruh terhadap asupan gula harian. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada 65 subjek penelitian secara random di RW 13 Perum Bumi Dirgantara. Data konsumsi bahan pelengkap masakan harian diperoleh dari hasil kuesioner tersebut. Peneliti juga mengambil 5 sampel dari masing-masing jenis bahan pelengkap masakan secara random. Kadar gula masing-masing sampel diukur dengan metode asam sulfat - UV spektrofotometri 315 nm. Diperoleh hasil gula yang terdapat pada bahan pelengkap masakan per sendok teh adalah sebagai berikut saos tomat (0,58 gram), saos sambal (0,74 gram), saos tiram (0,85 gram), kecap manis (0,88 gram). Konsumsi gula dari bahan pelengkap masakan rata-rata per hari sebesar 0,1354 gram. Jumlah gula dari bahan pelengkap masakan tidak berperan besar dalam peningkatan asupan gula harian. Bagaimanapun konsumsi bahan makanan pelengkap masakan secara berlebihan tidak direkomendasikan.
KELAMBU CELUP PERMETRIN Nora Harminarti
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 32, No 1: April 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (115.74 KB) | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v32.i1.p1-7.2008

Abstract

AbstrakPenyakit malaria masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Berbagai usaha telah dilakukan untuk mengatasinya, seperti penanggulangan vektor, pengobatan penderita dan perbaikan lingkungan. Di samping itu penting bagi masyarakat untuk melindungi diri dari gigitan nyamuk. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan penggunaan kelambu yang dikombinasi dengan insektisida seperti permetrin, yang dikenal dengan istilah kelambu celup permetrin. Permetrin merupakan insektisida golongan piretroid sintetik, bersifat fotostabil dan neuropoison terhadap serangga, tidak toksik bagi organisme lain hanya menimbulkan iritasi ringan pada kulit. Ia larut di dalam air, bersifat racun perut atau racun kontak dengan daya residu lebih kurang 6 bulan. Bentuk kelambu bisa empat persegi panjang dengan ukuran yang bervariasi. Bahan yang digunakan bisa bermacam-macam, dengan bahan poliester dan nilon memiliki daya bunuh terhadap nyamuk anophelini lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan katun. Penggunaan kelambu celup ini cukup efektif di daerah malaria bertransmisi rendah dan sedang, sedangkan di daerah bertransmisi tinggi penggunaannya harus dikombinasi dengan pengobatan.Kata kunci : kelambu celup - permetrin - piretroid sintetikAbstractMalaria is still a public health problem in Indonesia. Many efforts have been done to overcome it, such as vector control, patient treatment and environment im-provement. It is important for people to protect themselves from mosquito bite. One of these efforts is the use of bed net impregnated with insecticide such as permethrin, which is known as perme-thrin-impregnated bed net. Permethrin is a synthetic pyre-throid insecticide, photostable and neuropoisonous to insect, but only induce slight irri-tation at the skin of other organism. It is water soluble, has stomach poison or contact poison effect with residual power around six months. Bed net might take a form of four square with variable size. The material may vary, but polyester and nylon have better killing power against anopheline mosquitoes than cotton. The use of this impregnated net in low and middle malaria transmission area is so effective, while in high transmis-sion area it must be combined with the proper treatment.Keywords: mosquito net impregnated - permethrin - synthetic pyrethroidTINJAUAN PUSTAKA
Preface and ToC - Vol 40, No 1 (2017) Redaksi MKA
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 40, No 1 (2017): Published in May 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

PERBEDAAN SKIN CAPACITANCE DAN TRANSEPIDERMAL WATER LOSS PADA KULIT NON-LESI PASIEN PITIRIASIS VERSIKOLOR DENGAN NON-PITIRIASIS VERSIKOLOR Satya Wydya Yenny; Zainal Hakim; Kusmarinah Bramono; Wresti Indriatmi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 32, No 2: Agustus 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.568 KB) | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v32.i2.p%p.2008

Abstract

AbstrakPada pitiriasis versikolor sering timbul kekambuhan, diduga salah satu penyebabnya adalah kelembaban kulit yang tinggi. Kelembaban kulit dipengaruhi oleh skin capacitance dan transepidermal water loss.Mengetahui skin capacitance dan transepidermal water loss kulit pasien pitiriasis versikolor dan perbedaannya dengan non-pitiriasis versikolor.Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang perbandingan antar kelompok, yang dilakukan pada bulan September sampai dengan Nopember 2004 di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Subyek penelitian pasien pitiriasis versikolor dan kontrol non-pitiriasis versikolor yang dipasangkan dalam hal umur dan jenis kelamin dan dilakukan pemeriksaan skin capacitance dan transepidermal water loss pada kulit yang tampak normal di punggung menggunakan alat Tewameter/Corneometer 350.Dalam kurun waktu tersebut telah diperiksa sebanyak 32 pasien pitiriasis versikolor dan 32 kontrol non-pitiriasis versikolor. Skin capacitance pasien pitiriasis versikolor secara statistik tidak berbeda dengan kontrol non-pitiriasis versikolor (p = 0,730). Transepidermal water loss pasien pitiriasis versikolor secara bermakna lebih rendah dari pada kelompok kontrol non-pitiriasis versikolor (p = 0,000).Tidak ada perbedaan skin capacitance kulit pasien pitiriasis versikolor dengan non-pitiriasis versikolor. Transepidermal water loss kulit pasien pitiriasis versikolor lebih rendah daripada non-pitiriasis versikolor.Kata kunci: pitiriasis versikolor, skin capacitance, transepidermal water lossAbstractThe recurrence of pityriasis versicolor is high, it could be caused by high skin hydration. Skin hydration was influenced by skin capacitance and transepidermal water loss.ARTIKEL PENELITIAN168The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of the skin capacitance and transepidermal water loss between the pityriasis versicolor skin and healthy non-pityriasis versicolor skin.The design of this study was comparative cross-sectional study. Pityriasis versicolor subjects and non-pityriasis versicolor subjects were matched in age and sex. The study was done in September until November 2004, at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The measurement of the skin capacitance and transepidermal water loss were done on the back at the non-PV area, using Tewameter/Corneometer 350.During that periode there were 32 pityriasis versicolor and 32 healthy non-pityriasis versicolor subjects. No significant differences was observed for skin capacitance of pityriasis versicolor and healthy non-pityriasis versicolor skin (p = 0.730). The transepidermal water loss of PV skin is significantly lower than in the healthy non-pityriasis versicolor skin (p=0.000).There was no differences between skin capacitance of pityriasis versicolor and healthy non-pityriasis versicolor skin, but the transepidermal water loss of pityriasis versicolor skin was significantly. lower than non-pityriasis versicolor.Keywords: pityriasis versicolor, skin capacitance, transepidermal water loss
Preface and ToC - Vol 37, No 3 (2014) Redaksi MKA
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 37, No 3 (2014): Published in December 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

GAMBARAN AUDIOGRAM NADA MURNI PENDERITA KARSINOMA KEPALA DAN LEHER YANG MENDAPAT SATU SIKLUS KEMOTERAPI CISPLATIN Sukri Rahman; Widayat Alviandi; Yan Edward; M. Abduh Firdaus; Rizanda Machmud
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 34, No 1 (2010): Published in April 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (262.738 KB) | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v34.i1.p51-59.2010

Abstract

Sebagian besar keganasan kepala dan leher terdiagnosis sudah dalam stadium lanjut dan sering sudah inoperable. Kemoradiasi merupakan pengobatan pada keadaan seperti ini. Kemoterapi neoadjuvan (induksi) dengan cisplatin pada karsinoma kepala leher telah terbukti dapat mempreservasi organ dan menurunkan angka metastasis jauh, namun di sisi lain cisplatin menyebabkan berbagai efek samping berupa toksik terhadap berbagai organ, salah satunya ototoksikPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran audiogram nada murni penderita karsinoma kepala dan leher yang mendapat kemoterapi cisplatin.Penelitian ini merupakan uji potong lintang untuk mengetahui gambaran audiogram nada murni terhadap 25 orang penderita karsinoma kepala dan leher yang mendapat kemoterapi cisplatin 100 mg/m2 di bagian Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher (THT-KL) rumah sakit (RS) Dr. M. Djamil Padang, mulai bulan April sampai bulan Desember 2009.Dari 50 audiogram yang diperiksa didapatkan nilai rerata perubahan nilai ambang dengar hantaran tulang pada masing-masing frekuensi yaitu 3,4±5,84 dB pada frekuensi 250 Hz, 2,0±3,91dB (500 Hz), 2,6±4,87 dB (1000 Hz), 3,4±5,10 dB (2000 Hz), 4,9±9,23 dB (4000 Hz), 4,7±5,84 dB (6000 Hz) dan 6,5±9,85 dB pada 8000 Hz.Setelah pemberian satu siklus kemoterapi cisplatin 100 mg/m2 sebagian besar sampel tidak mengalami perubahan ambang dengar pada frekuensi 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 dan 6000 Hz, sedangkan pada frekuensi 8000 Hz, sebagian besar mengalami kenaikan nilai ambang dengar. Namun demikian nilai rerata hantaran tulang sebelum dengan setelah kemoterapi terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada semua frekuensi. 
EARLIER FORMAL ETHICS EDUCATION, THE IMPORTANCE OF MEICAL ETHICS AND EXPECTATION OF ETHICS DOCTOR IN FIRST GRADE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF MEDICAL FACULTY UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA PONTIANAK Ita Armyanti; Mardhia Mardhia; Arif Wicaksono
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 37 (2014): Supplement 1 | Published in March 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

AbstractHealth care decisions are based not only on clinical and technical grounds, but also onethical grounds. Although we carefully weigh the clinical and technical aspects, ethical issuesinvolved may be overlooked. A legal framework or code of conduct governing doctor's decisionsand behaviour may help overcome this problem but they often provide rigid guidelines for alimited number of situations. Earlier education in ethics might have some advantages to build agood medical character. The perception of the importance of medical ethics could also had aneffect to the expectation of a good medical doctor should be. This research was a cross sectionalstudy in first grade medical students of medical faculty Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak,conducted in the last week of April, 2014. All of first grade medical students participated in thisstudy. This subjects given questionaire contained several questions : did they ever get a lessonof ethics in their Senior high schcol, how important the medical ethics and after studied medicalethics, what were their expectation ?. 86 subjects participated, 3'1 (36,05%) subjects are maleand 55(63,95%) subjects are female. The Age range from 16-20 years old, median 1B years oldand mode 1B years old. The subject came from 39 senior high school, was spread from papua,java dan kalimantan. Only 10(25,64%) senior high school had been given ethics in theircurriculum and this'1C school all located in Kalinrantan. One subject (1,16%)stated that ethicsjust a common lesson while 35 (40,7A %)subjects stated ihat ethics was inrportani and most ofthe subjects, 50(58,14%) subjects stated that ethics was very important lesson. The expectationafter studying medical ethics are : 39(45,35 o/o) subjects: respect and emphatize the other people,17 (19.77%) subjeets : be a betier person, 14(16,28o/c) subjeets: hospitable docior, 11 (12,79o/o)sub;ects :Apply the basic principle of bioethics and 5 (5,81%) sublects :treat the other like we'dlike to be treated. Twenty five point sixtyfour percent of the prirhary school of first year medicalstudent gave ethics lesson. Most of Subject stated that medical ethics is a very important lesson.The expectation after studying medical ethics varies: respect and emphatize the other people, bea better person, hospitable doctor, Apply the basic principle of bioethics and treat the other likewe'd like to be treated.Affiliasi Penulis: l.Departement of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty Universitas Tanjungpura,2.Depa(ement oftr4icrobiology Medical Faculty Universitas Tanjungpura, 3. Departement of Anatomy Medical Faculty UniversitasTanjungpura, Korespcndensi :Arif Wicaksono, email :drarii,vicaksono@gmail.com.*@TEilSupplen-ren Majalah Kedokteran Andalas' Vol' 37' No Supl'1' Maret 2014ETIKoLEGAL,SEcoNDoPINIONDENGANSENGKETAMEDISNoorman HerryadiKorespondensi : Noorman Herryadi' email : noormanherryadi@yahoo'com'oortr"lu,,.anini mencoba mengetengahkan hubungan antara second opinion dengan sengketamedis dari aspek Etikolegal Kedokteran, kaitannya dengan perlindungan bagi dokter dan bagipasien. Second Opinion Jdatan hak pasien dan kewajiban dokter untuk melaksanakannya dalammenjalankan profesi r"oort","nnya. Dalam kenyataan banyak sengketa medis, dimana pasienatau keluarga/ahli warisnya melakukan fenuntutan hukum kepada dokter atau Rumah Sakityang merawatnya, v*g olr"nabkan oten-reterangan atau opini dokter lain atau pihak lain yangdianggap berkompeten-untuf memberi keterangan atau opini'r{nkrar - nerlindunoarKata kunci: second opinion - sengketa medis - perlindungan dokter perlindungan paslen
EFEK PENGGUNAAN ZAT PEWARNA Erythrosine TERHADAP KADAR T3 DAN T4 SERUM PADA TIKUS GALUR WISTAR Asterina Asterina; Elmatris Sy; Yustini Alioes
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol 35, No 2 (2011): Published in August 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (494.187 KB) | DOI: 10.22338/mka.v35.i2.p126-136.2011

Abstract

AbstrakZat pewarna sintetis erythrosine berdasarkan struktur kimianya terkandung senyawa yodium, maka dapat dikatakan secara substansial asupan makanan yang mengandung erythrosine merupakan asupan yodium. Penggunaan zat pewarna erythrosine dalam waktu lama dan kadar diatas ambang batas tentu akan memberikan kontribusi kelebihan asupan yodium dan akan berdampak terhadap kadar T3 dan T4 dalam serum.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efek Penggunaan Zat Pewarna Erythrosine terhadap Kadar T3 dan T4 Serum pada Tikus galur Wistar, yang dilakukan dari bulan April sampai bulan November 2010. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium Farmasi Unand dan Laboratorium Biokimia Fakultas Kedokteran Unand . Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Eksperimental dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat kecendrungan penurunan T3 dan T4. Kesimpulan : terdapat efek pemberian Erythrosine 300 ppm, 600 ppm hingga 1% pada waktu 3 minggu terhadap kadar T3 dan T4, secara statistic terdapat penurunan yang bermakna dengan nilai p = 0,018 dan p = 0,012 bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Tidak terdapat pengaruh lama waktu paparan zat pewarna erythrosine terhadap nilai T3, yang secara statistic tidak terdapat penurunan yang bermakna dengan p = 0,062, bila dibandingkan terhadap kontrol. Terdapat pengaruh lama waktu paparan zat pewarna erythrosine terhadap nilai T4 , yang secara statistic terdapat penurunan yang bermakna dengan p = 0,041, bila dibandingkan terhadap kontrol.Kata kunci : Erythrosine , T3, T4AbstractThe synthetic dyes, erythrosine based on their chemical structure contain iodine compound, then they can be said substantially as food intake containing erythrosine is iodine uptake. The utility eryhthrosine in a long time with certain over thres hold will provide to contribute iodine uptake exceed and impact to serum T3 and T4.This research aim to know the effect of using erythrosine dye to serum T3 and T4 in Galur Wistar mice, performed from April to November 2010. This research is performe in Laboratory of Farmacy of Andalas University and Biochemical laboratory of Medical Faculty, Andalas University. Type of study used isARTIKEL PENELITIAN127Experimental study with 21. samples. Result indicate that there is tendency of decreasing T3 and T4.Conclusion: there are administering effect of 300 ppm, 600 ppm Erythrosine until 1% for three weeks to T3 and T4, respectively. Statistically, there are significantly decreasing with value p = 0,018 and p = 0,012 respectively, than control. There is not effect of expose time of Erythrosine to T3, which statistically is no significantly declining by p =0,062, than control. There are effect of expose time of eryhrosine to T4 level, which statistically there is declining significantly with p = 0,041, than control.Key word : Erythrosine, T3, T4.

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