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INDONESIA
ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 25033638     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Intisari Sains Medis is published by Medical Scientific Community, Indonesia. Intisari Sains Medis is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal accepts papers for publication in all aspects of Science Digest, Medical Research Development, Research Medical Field and Theory. We also publish cases from third world country, that is considered very rare and special cases.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,063 Documents
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Karakteristik faktor penyebab hiperbilirubinemia pada neonatus di RSIA Puri Bunda Tabanan, Bali Tahun 2021 Intan Astariani; I Wayan Dharma Artana; Ni Made Rini Suari
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (304.231 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1174

Abstract

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a clinical problem that often occurs in neonates, 60% occurs in term neonates and 80% in preterm neonates.. There are non pathological and pathological hyperbilirubinemia. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia caused by 4 board groups, which are increased bilirubin production, deficiency of hepatic uptake, impaired bilirubin conjugation, and increased enterohepatic circulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the factors causing hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: This study used a restrospective cross-sectional method by taking 1 year data, from June 2020 until May 2021. Amount of samples was 146 neonates with diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia and receiving intensive phototherapy treatment in the Intermediate Room and Neonatal HCU at Puri Bunda Tabanan Mother and Child Hospital. The causative factors collected were ABO incompatibility, prematurity, neonatal asphyxia, breastfeeding jaundice, breastmilk jaundice, low birth weight baby, cephal hematome, and neonatal sepsis. Data collected through medical record and analyzed, subsequently explained descriptively with table.Result: The result show that from 146 samples that met the inclusion criteria, the most causative factor of hyperbilirubinemia was ABO incompatibility 29 (19.9%), prematurity 16 (11%), low birth weight 15 (10.3%), breastfeeding jaundice 15 (10.3%), neonatal sepsis 15 (10.3%), breastmilk jaundice 12 (8.2%), neonatal asphyxia 7 (4.8%), and no sample with cephal hematome.Conclusion: Factors causing hyperbilirubinemia found at Puri Bunda Tabanan Mother and Child Hospital were ABO icompatibility as the most common cause and neonatal asphyxia as the least cause. Pendahuluan: Hiperbilirubinemia neonatal merupakan permasalahan klinis yang sering terjadi pada neonatus, sekitar 60% terjadi pada neonatus aterm dan 80% pada neonatus preterm. Kernicterus sebagai komplikasi dari hiperbilirubinemia memiliki angka kematian 10% dan morbiditas jangka panjang 70%. Hiperbilirubinemia ada yang non patologis dan patologis. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia disebabkan oleh 4 kelompok besar yaitu peningkatan produksi bilirubin, defisiensi uptake hepar, gangguan konjugasi bilirubin, dan peningkatan sirkulasi enterohepatik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik faktor penyebab hiperbilirubinemia.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional retrospective dengan mengambil data selama 1 tahun yaitu periode Juni 2020-Mei 2021. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 146 neonatus dengan diagnosis hiperbilirubinemia dan mendapatkan tatalaksana fototerapi di ruang Intermediate dan HCU Neonatus di RSIA Puri Bunda Tabanan. Faktor penyebab yang dikumpulkan yaitu inkompatibilitas ABO, prematuritas, asfiksia neonatorum, breastfeeding jaundice, breastmilk jaundice, BBLR, cephal hematoma, dan sepsis neonatorum. Data dikumpulkan melalui rekam medis dan dianalisa untuk kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif.Hasil: Dari 146 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, didapatkan penyebab pertama yaitu inkompatibilitas ABO sebanyak 29 (19,9%), prematuritas sebanyak 16 (11%), BBLR sebanyak 15 (10,3%), breastfeeding jaundice sebanyak 15 (10,3%), sepsis neonatorum sebanyak 15 (10,3%), breastmilk jaundice sebanyak 12(8,2%), asfiksia neonatorum sebanyak 7 (4,8%), dan tidak ada penyebab berupa cephal hematoma yang ditemukan.Simpulan: Faktor penyebab hiperbilirubinemia yang didapatkan di RSIA Puri Bunda Tabanan yaitu inkompatibilitas ABO sebagai penyebab terbanyak dan asfiksia neonatorum sebagai penyebab paling sedikit.
Efek ekstrak sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) terhadap ekspresi vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) dan intimal media thickness (IMT) pada mencit yang terpapar asap rokok I Made Adi Satria Darma; Wayan Aryadana; I Nyoman Wiryawan; I Gede Raka Widiana; I Gusti Nyoman Kamasan Arijana; Made Satria Yudha Dewangga
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (943.858 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1175

Abstract

Introduction: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) is a plant that spread almost throughout the Indonesian archipelago and has been used for a long time as traditional medicine. Several previous literatures reported that sambiloto has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, so its use is useful in cardiovascular disease, especially in reducing the process of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving sambiloto extract on markers of inflammation and atherosclerosis in the form of VCAM-1 expression and IMT in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: This study used an experimental analytical method with a post-test-only group design. Using 32 healthy adult male mice weighing 20-30 grams were divided into four treatment groups, namely: control group (P0) only given exposure to cigarette smoke and treatment group 1 (P1), 2 (P2), and 3 (P3) given exposure cigarettes and sambiloto extract with doses of 18, 29, and 40 mg/kg/day. Exposure is given for 60 days, then the VCAM-1 expression and IMT in the aortic arch were examined histologically.Results: There were significant differences in VCAM-1 expression and IMT between the control group and all treatment groups. There was a significant decrease in VCAM-1 expression between P1 and P2 and P2 and P3. There was a significant decrease in IMT between P1 and P2 and P2 and P3.Conclusion: Sambiloto extract has effect in decreasing VCAM-1 expression and IMT. That effect strengthens with increasing dose. The maximum effect is obtained with the use of a dose of 40 mg/kg/day. Latar Belakang: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) merupakan tanaman yang tersebar hampir di seluruh nusantara dan telah digunakan sejak lama oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai obat tradisional. Dari beberapa literatur sebelumnya melaporkan sambiloto memiliki efek antiinflamasi dan antioksidan sehingga bermaafaat dalam bidang penyakit kardiovaskular terutama mengurangi proses aterosklerosis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak sambiloto terhadap petanda inflamasi dan atherosklerosis berupa ekspresi VCAM-1 dan IMT pada mencit yang terpapar asap rokok.    Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik eksperimental dengan rancangan post test only group design. Menggunakan 32 ekor mencit jantan dewasa kondisi sehat dengan berat 20-30 gram dibagi menjadi empat kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok kontrol (P0) hanya diberikan paparan asap rokok dan kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1), 2 (P2), dan 3 (P3) diberikan paparan rokok sigaret dan ekstrak sambiloto dengan dosis 18, 29, dan 40 mg/kg/hari. Paparan diberikan selama 60 hari, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan histologi ekspresi VCAM-1 dan IMT pada arkus aorta mencit.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna ekspresi VCAM-1 dan IMT antara kelompok kontrol dengan semua kelompok perlakuan. Terdapat penurunan bermakna ekspresi VCAM-1 antara P1 dengan P2 dan P2 dengan P3. Terdapat penurunan bermakna tebal IMT antara P1 dengan P2 dan P2 dengan P3.Simpulan: Ekstrak sambiloto memiliki efek menurunkan ekspresi VCAM-1 dan tebal IMT. Efek tersebut meningkat dengan peningkatan dosis. Efek maksimal diperoleh dengan penggunaan dosis 40 mg/kg/hari.
Strabismus sebagai komplikasi pemasangan sclera buckle pada ablasio retina regmatogen: laporan kasus Pande Putu Adityo Ananta Ardika; Ari Andayani; Ni Made Ayu Surasmiati; Ni Made Ari Suryathi; I Made Agus Kusumadjaja
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1379.01 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1177

Abstract

Introduction: Sclera buckle is one of the operative management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Sclera buckle can combine with vitrectomy in young people, phakic, myopia more than 6 dioptri, axial length more than 26mm, proliferative vitreoretinopathy stage C, multiple inferior break and recurrent break. Complications from the installation of sclera buckle is one of them the occurrence of strabismus after the installation of sclera buckle. Treatment can be done to remove the sclera buckle and further surgery for extraocular muscle.Case Description: Male patients aged 31 years, patients present with complaints right eyes rolling inward since 8 months ago. The patient had a history of surgical  sclera buckle and tamponade with silicone oil. Patient also complain blurry vision since 1 month ago after removing silicone oil. The patient has a history of -5.00 glasses in both eyes. In examination obtained Hirschberg esotropia 15 degrees and retinal detachment on right eyes. Patient was diagnosed with right eye Detached Retina post evacuation of silicone oil (16 days), acquired esotropia Suspect et cause sclera buckle installation. Patients are planned to undergo Re-Vitrectomy Pars Plana (VPP), Release Sclera Buckle , Endolaser, Silicon Oil tamponade, and evaluation of extraocular muscle at surgery. During evaluation of extraocular muscle there was fibrosis cover four rectus muscle and no tear was found. Then we removed of fibrosis and released sclera buckle. Strabismus complaint did not feel better after removed of fibrosis so we planned for further action was medial rectus recess with adjustable sutureConclusion: Sclera buckle can combine with vitrectomy on young people, phakic, myopia more than 6 dioptri, axial length more than 26mm, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, multiple inferior break and recurrent break. Installation of sclera buckle can cause complications in the form of postoperative strabismus. One of the causes of this complication is fibrosis of the extraocular muscles, so there is an attachment called fat adherent syndrome. Treatment that can be taken to treat strabismus after sclera buckle surgery is one of them with the release of sclera buckle, but if strabismus complaints did not improve, surgery can be done on extraocular muscles to improve the position of the ball  Pendahuluan: Sclera buckle merupakan salah satu tindakan operatif dalam menangani ablasio retina regmatogen. Tindakan sclera buckle dapat dikombinasikan dengan vitrektomi pada orang muda, phakia, riwayat miopia lebih dari 6 dioptri, panjang bola mata lebih dari 26 milimeter, ditemukan adanya proliferatif vitreoretinopati stadium C, robekan multiple pada bagian inferior retina dan robekan berulang. Komplikasi dari pemasangan sclera buckle ini adalah salah satunya terjadinya strabismus pasca pemasangan sclera buckle. Penanganan yang dapat dilakukan berupa pelepasan sclera buckle, dan operasi strabismus jika kondisi otot ekstraokular tidak membaik.Deskripsi Kasus: Pasien laki-laki, usia 31 tahun, datang dengan keluhan mata kanan bergulir ke dalam sejak 8 bulan yang lalu. Keluhan dirasakan setelah pasien melakukan operasi pemasangan sclera buckle dan silicon oil 8 bulan yang lalu. Saat ini pasien juga mengeluhkan pandangan kabur yang sudah dirasakan sejak 1 bulan yang lalu setelah dilakukan pengangkatan silicon oil. Pada pemeriksaan ditemukan Hirschberg esotropia 15 derajat dan ditemukan ablasio retina pada mata kanan. Pasien didiagnosis dengan okuli dekstra rekuren ablasio retina pasca pengeluaran silicon oil  (16 hari), dan kecurigaan esotropia didapat (acquired esotropia)  ec pasca pemasangan sclera buckle. Pasien direncanakan untuk dilakukan Re-Vitrektomi Pars Plana (VPP), pelepasan sclera buckle, endolaser, re-tamponade silicon oil dan evaluasi otot ekstraokular durante operasi. Pada saat dilakukan evaluasi otot ekstraokular ditemukan adanya fibrosis pada keempat otot rektus dan tidak ditemukan adanya robekan pada otot ekstraokular. Kemudian dilakukan pembersihan dari fibrosis dan pelepasan dari sclera buckle. Keluhan strabismus tidak dirasakan membaik pasca dilakukan pembersihan fibrosis sehingga direncanakan untuk dilakukan tindakan lanjutan yaitu medial rectus reses dengan adjustable suture.Simpulan: Tindakan sclera buckle ini dapat dikombinasi dengan vitrektomi pada pasien muda, phakia, riwayat miopia tinggi lebih dari 6 dioptri, panjang bola mata lebih dari 26 milimeter, ditemukan adanya proliferatif vitreoretinopati, robekan multiple di bagian inferior retina dan robekan berulang. Pemasangan sclera buckle ini dapat menimbulkan komplikasi berupa strabismus pasca operasi. Penyebab dari terjadinya komplikasi ini salah satunya fibrosis pada otot ekstraokular sehingga terjadi perlekatan yang disebut dengan fat adheren syndrome. Tindakan yang dapat dilakukan untuk penanganan strabismus pasca operasi sclera buckle ini adalah salah satunya dengan pelepasan dari sclera buckle, namun apabila keluhan strabismus tidak membaik bisa dilakukan operasi pada otot ekstraokular untuk memperbaiki posisi bola mata.
Limited Cutaneous Scleroderma Putu Gde Hari Wangsa; Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati Sudarsa; Made Hermina Laksmi
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (498.652 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1181

Abstract

Introduction: Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disease of connective tissue characterized by extensive fibrosis, inflammation, and vasculopathy. It classified as limited cutaneous and diffuse based on the degree of skin involvement. The management is still a challenge since it has a high morbidity and mortality rate. This case report aims to understand scleroderma and provide appropriate treatment that can improve the patient's prognosis.Case report: A 55-year-old female came with complaints of stiff skin on the forearms, lower legs and face since approximately eight months ago, initially on the right and left forearms, then to face, right and left lower legs. On physical examination, there was sclerosis of the skin on the face, forearms and lower legs, and salt and pepper appearance with Rodnan score were 26. The result from histopathological examination were sceleroderma. The patient was diagnosed with limited cutaneous scleroderma. The management consisted of methotrexate, folic acid, sulpha ferrous, vitamins B1, B6, B12 intraorally and 10% urea cream topically. She also was informed to practice moving the hands and fingers slowly.Conclusion: The diagnosis of limited cutaneous scleroderma is based on history, physical examination and investigations. It is still a life-threatening disease, however multidisciplinary management with early detection and treatment of complications can improve the prognosis.
Chorioretinitis with retinal ablation complications in patients with cytomegalovirus infections and high myopia: a case report Thedius Watu; I Gusti Made Ayu Juliari; I Made Agus Kusumadjaja; Ida Ayu Ari Pramita
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (453.514 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1182

Abstract

Background: Chorioretinitis is uveitis that causes choroidal and retinal inflammation. Chorioretinitis in general due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been recognized as a major cause of congenital virus infections. A common complication in patients with uveitis is retinal detachment. In addition, high myopia can also cause retinal detachment.Case Illustration: We reported a 33-year-old male patient who came with chief complaints of a sudden blurred left eye the couple of weeks before admission. The patient had a history of high myopia -5D in both eyes and was HIV positive. One week before the complaint, patient underwent laser therapy because of retinal detachment and was also given Neomicin and Potassium Iodide eye drops. Patients presented with vision 1/60. In funduscopy examination, we found vasculitis, retinal detachment, bleeding and exudate. The patient was then diagnosed with OS Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment (RRD) caused by CMV chorioretinitis and high myopia ODS. The patient was treated with valganciclovir 1x900mg, methylprednisolone 2x32mg, prednisone eye drops 6x1 OD and underwent pars plana vitrectomy (VPP). The patient had complicated cataracts, therefore phacoemulsification, evacuation and reinjection of silicon oil and endolaser were performed. Unfortunately, the results obtained are not optimal where the patient's vision becomes the patient's no light perception (NLP).Discussion: Retinal detachment is a frequent complication in patients with CMV chorioretinitis. The main therapy is HAART, anti-CMV and operative management. This therapy regimen is proven to improve overall patients’ prognosis.Conclusion: Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment have a very important role in determining the prognosis of patients with CMV chorioretinitis.
Analisis faktor risiko kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akut di Abiansemal Kabupaten Badung tahun 2018 Ni Made Marwati; I Wayan Sali; I Made Bulda Mahayana; I Gusti Ayu Made Aryasih
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.753 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1183

Abstract

Background: Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTI) is one of the main causes of patient visits to the public health center (40%-60%) and hospital (15%-30%). The purpose of this study was to determine various risk factors that influence the incidence of ARTI in Abiansemal in 2018.Methods: This research was an observational study using a case-control research design by looking for various relationships of risk factors on the incidence of ARTI. The case group consists of patients diagnosed with ARTI and the control group were those who were not diagnosed with ARTI. The independent variables in this study were room occupancy density, kitchen room ventilation, smoking habits of parents, bedroom and living room ventilation, bedroom and living room light intensity, bedroom and living room air temperature, bedroom and living room, floor and wall humidity.Result: The bivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for the incidence of ARTI were room occupancy density with a value of ?=0.05 (p=0.000, OR=28.444), smoking habits of the parents (p=0.000, OR=20.000), bedroom ventilation (p=0.003, OR=10.500), bedroom light intensity (p=0,000, OR=67,500), living room light intensity (p=0.001, OR=14.063), bedroom air temperature (p=0.002, OR=14.571), bedroom air humidity (p=0,000, OR=20,000).Conclusion: There were seven factors that were significantly associated with the incidence of ARTI in Abiansemal includeing room occupancy density, smoking habits of the parents, bedroom ventilation, bedroom light intensity, living room light intensity, bedroom air temperature, and bedroom air humidity. Latar Belakang: Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kunjungan pasien ke Puskesmas (40%-60%) dan rumah sakit (15%-30%). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berbagai faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kejadian ISPA di Abiansemal tahun 2018.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian kasus kontrol dengan mencari berbagai hubungan faktor risiko terhadap kejadian ISPA. Kelompok kasus terdiri dari pasien yang terdiagnosis ISPA dan kelompok kontrol adalah mereka yang tidak terdiagnosis ISPA. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah kepadatan hunian kamar, ventilasi ruang dapur, kebiasaan merokok orang tua, ventilasi kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, intensitas cahaya kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, suhu udara kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, kamar tidur dan ruang tamu, kelembaban lantai dan dinding.Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko kejadian ISPA adalah kepadatan hunian kamar dengan nilai 0,05 (p=0,000, OR=28,444), kebiasaan merokok orang tua (p=0,000, OR=20,000), ventilasi kamar tidur (p=0,003, OR=10,500), intensitas cahaya kamar tidur (p=0,000, OR=67,500), intensitas cahaya ruang tamu (p=0,001, OR=14,063), suhu udara kamar tidur (p=0,002, OR= 14,571), kelembaban udara kamar tidur (p=0,000, OR=20,000).Kesimpulan: Terdapat tujuh faktor yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian ISPA di Abiansemal meliputi kepadatan hunian kamar, kebiasaan merokok orang tua, ventilasi kamar tidur, intensitas cahaya kamar tidur, intensitas cahaya ruang tamu, suhu udara kamar tidur, dan kelembaban udara kamar tidur.
Interpretasi nilai Cycle Threshold (CT) Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) SARS-CoV-2 pada pasien hamil dengan uji antibodi SARS-CoV-2 positif dan COVID-19 asimtomatik Ni Wayan Candrawati; William Ray Cassidy
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (320.81 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1184

Abstract

Background: The majority of pregnant women with COVID-19 will be asymptomatic throughout the disease period. SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests were utilized as a screening tool for patients giving birth in a hospital. Cycle Threshold (CT) value in asymptomatic pregnant women may guide patient management and isolation protocol.Methods: Research data were obtained from medical records from March until October 2020 with a total sampling method. Pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody and asymptomatic COVID-19 were included. CT-value based on gene primers were grouped and analyzed by Microsoft Excel 365 for Windows.Results: Twenty-five pregnant women with asymptomatic COVID-19 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All patients had positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The highest and lowest CT-value for the RdRp gene were 37.91 and 26.90, followed by N-gene (34.37 and 32.16), E-gene (38.36 and 27.60), helicase gene (35.65 and 24.29), ORF1a (35.87 and 26.80), and ORF1ab (41.28 and 27.82).Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 antibody test is not a recommended screening tool as it can reveal past infection or immunity to SARS-CoV-2. CT-value is incapable of determining COVID-19 severity and infection period.   Latar Belakang: Mayoritas pasien COVID-19 dengan kehamilan tidak bergejala sepanjang periode perjalanan penyakit. Uji antibodi SARS-CoV-2 sempat digunakan sebagai alat skrining pasien yang akan melahirkan di rumah sakit. Nilai Cycle Threshold (CT) pada pasien hamil dengan COVID-19 asimtomatik kemungkinan dapat memandu tatalaksana dan isolasi pasien.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder rekam medis dari bulan Maret hingga Oktober 2020 dengan total sampling. Data pasien hamil dengan uji antibodi SARS-CoV-2 positif dan terkonfirmasi COVID-19 asimtomatik dianalisis. Nilai cycle threshold (CT-value) berdasar primer dikelompokkan dan dianalisis menggunakan Microsoft Excel 365 untuk Windows. Hasil: Sebanyak 25 pasien hamil dengan terkonfirmasi COVID-19 asimtomatik memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Seluruh pasien memiliki hasil tes cepat antibodi SARS-CoV-2 reaktif. Nilai CT tertinggi dan terendah untuk gen RdRp sebesar 37,91 dan 26,9, diikuti dengan gen N (34,37 dan 32,16), gen E (38,36 dan 27,60), gen helicase (35,65 dan 24,29), ORF1a (35,87 dan 26,80), dan ORF1ab (41,28 dan 27,82).Simpulan: Nilai CT tidak dapat digunakan sebagai indikator keparahan gejala dan periode infeksi COVID-19. Pasien hamil dengan COVID-19 asimtomatik tidak harus menjalani isolasi di rumah sakit. 
Efek pemberian formulasi SMEDDS ekstrak biji kedelai (glycine soja) terhadap kadar LDL dan HDL pada tikus yang diinduksi jantung koroner Adrian Wiryanata Gorintha; I Nengah Raka Swastika; Ni Ketut Risitani; Agung Wiwiek Indrayani
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (305.524 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1185

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary heart disease is one of the national health problems that gets attention. One of the efforts to develop the treatment of coronary heart disease includes the use of natural ingredients such as soybean seed extract which contains aglycone isoflavones which affect preventing endothelial dysfunction and reducing LDL levels in the blood, where high LDL levels and low HDL levels in the blood are one of the factors. The risk of coronary heart disease. Aglycone isoflavone compounds are non-polar compounds that are difficult to dissolve in water, so they require other ingredients to increase the absorption of aglycone isoflavones, one of which is the Self Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) formulation that can help improve solubilization and access drug to lymphatic tissueMethods: This experimental study was conducted with a post-test only approach. The research sample used 35 white rats which were divided into the first group which was given a normal diet, the second group which was given a high-fat diet and the third to fifth groups which were given a high-fat diet and the SMEDDS formulation of soybean seed extract. The SMEDDS formulation of soybean seed extract was administered at 200 mg/mL, 300 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL using a probe for seven days, twenty-one days after rats were induced with coronary heart disease with a high-fat diet. The rat blood was then taken for analysis of LDL and HDL levels. Data were analyzed by SPSS for windows.Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference in LDL and HDL levels from each experimental group (p>0.05). This can be caused by the short period of administration of the SMEDDS formulation and the dosage of the formulation that has not been able to provide clinical effects on experimental animals.Conclusion: The SMEDDS formulation of soybean seed extract did not show the ability to reduce LDL lizards or increase HDL levels in rats induced by coronary heart disease.  Pendahuluan: Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan nasional yang mendapat perhatian. Salah satu upaya pengembangan pengobatan penyakit jantung koroner meliputi pemanfaatan bahan alami seperti ekstrak biji kedelai yang memiliki kandungan isoflavon aglikon yang memiliki efek untuk pencegahan disfungsi endotel serta penurunan kadar LDL dalam darah, dimana tingginya kadar LDL dan rendahnya kadar HDL dalam darah sendiri merupakan salah satu faktor risiko dari kejadian penyakit jantung koroner. Senyawa isoflavon aglikon sendiri adalah senyawa non polar yang sulit untuk terlarut dalam air sehingga memerlukan bahan lain untuk meningkatkan penyerapan isoflavon aglikon, salah satunya adalah formulasi Self Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) yang dapat membantu meningkatkan solubilisasi dan akses obat ke jaringan limfatikMetode: Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan post-test only. Sampel penelitian menggunakan 35 ekor tikus putih yang dibagi menjadi kelompok pertama yang diberikan pakan normal, kelompok kedua yang diberikan pakan tinggi lemak serta kelompok ketiga hingga kelima yang diberikan pakan tinggi lemak dan formulasi SMEDDS ekstrak biji kedelai. Formulasi SMEDDS ekstrak biji kedelai diberikan sebanyak 200mg/mL, 300 mg/mL dan 400 mg/mL dengan menggunakan sonde selama tujuh hari, dua puluh satu hari setelah tikus diinduksi penyakit jantung koroner dengan diet tinggi lemak. Darah tikus kemudia diambil untuk analisis kadar LDL dan HDL. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS untuk windows.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar LDL dan HDL dari tiap kelompok percobaan (p>0,05). Hal ini dapat diakibatkan karena jangka waktu pemberian formulasi SMEDDS yang cukup singkat dan dosis formulasi yang belum dapat memberikan efek klinis terhadap hewan cobaSimpulan: Pemberian formulasi SMEDDS ekstrak biji kedelai tidak menunjukkan kemampuan untuk menurunkan kadal LDL ataupun meningkatkan kadar HDL pada tikus yang diinduksi penyakit jantung koroner
Prevalensi dan persepsi disfagia pada populasi lanjut usia di Kota Denpasar periode September-Desember 2021 I Putu Santhi Dewantara; I Wayan Sucipta
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (291.285 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1186

Abstract

Background: To investigate prevalence and perception of dysphagia in Denpasar City. The causes of dysphagia in the elderly include changes in the function and structure of the organs involved in the swallowing process, which are multifactorial. Dysphagia does affect not only the health aspect of the sufferer but also the social and economic aspects, especially in the elderly population. This study aims to determine the prevalence and perception of dysphagia in the elderly in Denpasar City.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that obtains data from the public health center in Denpasar City. Dysphagia was detected using the Swallowing Disturbances Questionaire (SDQ) and perception of dysphagia was obtained using direct questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 for Windows.Results: 102 samples were obtained, with the most gender being female (61.75%), and the age group was 60-69 years old (68.63%). A total of 11.76% of the sample stated that they had swallowing difficulties, while based on SDQ 10.78% had dysphagia. The most common comorbidities in the dysphagia group were head and neck malignancy (27.7%) and hypertension (27.7%), while in the non-dysphagic group were joint and skeletal disorders (34.09%).Conclusion: The prevalence of dysphagia in the elderly in Denpasar City is quite high, 10.78% based on SDQ and 11.76% based on the direct question. This requires special attention to overcome or prevent problems that may arise from dysphagia in the elderly. Latar Belakang: Disfagia diartikan sebagai gangguan menelan saliva, makanan padat dan cair, termasuk obat-obatan. Penyebab disfagia pada lansia diantaranya adalah perubahan fungsi dan struktur organ yang terlibat dalam proses menelan yang bersifat multifaktorial. Disfagia tidak hanya mempengaruhi aspek kesehatan penderitanya, namun juga aspek sosial dan ekonominya terutama pada populasi lanjut usia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan persepsi  disfagia pada lanjut usia di Kota Denpasar.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian deskriptif potong lintang dengan mengambil data di puskesmas-puskesmas kota Denpasar menggunakan kuisioner. Disfagia dideteksi menggunakan Swallowing Disturbances Questionnaire (SDQ) sedangkan persepsi disfagia didapatkan dengan pertanyaan langsung. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 21 untuk WindoesHasil: Didapatkan sampel sebanyak 102 orang, dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan (61,75%) dan rentang usia 60-69 tahun (68,63%). Sebanyak 11,76% menyatakan mengalami gangguan menelan, sedangkan berdasarkan SDQ didapatkan 10,78% mengalami disfagia. Penyakit penyerta terbanyak pada kelompok disfagia adalah keganasan kepala leher (27,27%) dan hipertensi (27,27%). Sedangkan pada kelompok tidak disfagia adalah gangguan sendi dan tulang (34,09%).Kesimpulan: Prevalensi disfagia pada populasi lansia di Kota Denpasar cukup tinggi. Hal ini memerlukan perhatian khusus untuk mengatasi dan mencegah permasalahan yang dapat timbul akibat disfagia pada lansia.
Studi kualitatif dan kuantitatif fitokimia ekstrak air dan ekstrak etanol daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata l.) yang tumbuh di Provinsi Bali Regina Tedjasulaksana; Maria Martina Nahak; Ni Ketut Ratmini
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (323.412 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1188

Abstract

Background: Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) leaf as a traditional medicine is used for wound healing. Kirinyuh is easy to get because it can still grow well in less fertile areas. This study aims to determine the results of qualitative and quantitative tests of the active substance in kirinyuh leaf extract (Chromolaena odorata L) growing in the province of Bali.Methods: This research was pre-experimental with completely randomized design with post-test only control group design. The research sample is kirinyuh leaves from three regions in the province of Bali based on geomorphology. Qualitative test results of ethanol and water extract of kirinyuh leaves (Chromolaena Odorata L.) methanol and ethyl acetate fractions contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, flavonoids and antioxidants.Results: The results of the quantitative test of the highest alkaloid content from the ethanol extract of the methanol fraction from Jimbaran, namely 11,690.49 mg/100 gr. The highest tannin content of the ethanol extract of the ethyl acetate fraction from Tabanan was 172777 mg/100 gr. The highest Saponin content from the aqua extract of the ethyl acetate fraction was 2977.27 mg/100gr. The highest phenol content from the ethanol extract of the methanol fraction from Bangli was 19716.1 mg/100 gr. The highest flavonoid content from the ethanol extract of the ethyl acetate fraction from Tabanan was 13704.7 mg/100 gr. The highest antioxidant content of the aqua extract of the methanol fraction from Tabanan was 62.3067 ppm.Conclusion: Total alkaloids of kirinyuh leaves in Jimbaran, Bangli and Tabanan were significantly different with p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), tannins with p value = 0.000, phenols with p value = 0.006, flavonoids with p value = 0.000 and antioxidants with p value. p=0.000. Saponins in extracts from Jimbaran, Bangli and Tabanan there was no significant difference because the value of p=0,252 (p>0,05). Latar Belakang: Daun kirinyuh ( Chromolaena odorata L. ) sebagai obat tradisional digunakan untuk penyembuhan luka. Kirinyuh  mudah didapat karena dapat tetap tumbuh baik di daerah yang kurang subur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil uji kualitatif dan kuntitatif zat aktif dalam ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L) yang tumbuh di propinsi Bali.Metode: penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen dengan rancangan completely randomized with post test only control group design. Sampel penelitian yaitu daun kirinyuh dari tiga wilayah di provinsi Bali berdasarkan geomorfologi. Hasil uji kualitatif  ekstrak etanol dan air daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena Odorata L.) fraksi methanol dan etil asetat mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, tannin, fenol, flavonoid dan antioksidan.Hasil: Hasil uji kuantitatif kadar alkaloid terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi methanol dari Jimbaran, yaitu 11.690,49 mg/100 gr. Kadar tannin terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi etil asetat dari Tabanan, yaitu 172777 mg/100 gr.  Kadar Saponin terbanyak dari ekstrak aqua fraksi etil asetat yaitu 2977,27 mg/100gr. Kadar fenol terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi methanol dari Bangli, yaitu 19716,1 mg/100 gr. Kadar flavonoid terbanyak dari ekstrak etanol fraksi etil asetat dari Tabanan, yaitu 13704,7 mg/100 gr.  Kadar antioksidan terbanyak dari ekstrak aqua fraksi metanol dari Tabanan, yaitu 62,3067 ppm.Simpulan: Total alkaloid daun kirinyuh Jimbaran, Bangli dan Tabanan berbeda bermakna dengan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05), tannin dengan nilai p=0,000, fenol dengan nilai p=0,006, flavonoid dengan nilai p=0,000 dan antioksidan dengan nilai p=0,000.  Saponin dalam ekstrak dari Jimbaran, Bangli dan Tabanan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna karena nilai p=0,252 (p>0,05).

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