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INDONESIA
ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 25033638     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Intisari Sains Medis is published by Medical Scientific Community, Indonesia. Intisari Sains Medis is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal accepts papers for publication in all aspects of Science Digest, Medical Research Development, Research Medical Field and Theory. We also publish cases from third world country, that is considered very rare and special cases.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,063 Documents
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Androgenetic alopecia in woman treated with botulinum toxin Henny Wijaya; Ketut Kwartantaya Winaya
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (963.923 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1205

Abstract

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of alopecia. AGA in women is called Female Pattern Hair Loss (FHPL). FHPL occurs in 50% of adolescence women. Case Description: A 29-year-old woman presented with hair thinning on the top of her head in the last 3 years. Dermatological status in the parietal region showed a diffuse and ill-define patch of alopecia, and hair thinning was found along the midline of the scalp. The hair pull test in frontal, temporal, and parietal regions was negative. The Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score is 10, and patient belonged to stage 2 according to The Sinclair Scale. Dermoscopy examination revealed scattered white dots over the vertex of the scalp with various hair diameters. Miniaturized hair and vellus hair were found in several areas. The ratio of terminal to vellus hair was 20:6 or 3:1. Injection of 100-unit botulinum toxin in the alopecia area was done every 3 months. After 1 month of treatment, the hair thinning was reduced. Conclusion: Appropriate treatment will affect the prognosis of AGA patients. Appropriate treatment that based on the pathophysiology of the disease and the patient's genetics will provide a good therapeutic response.
Karakteristik pasien diabetic retinopathy di Poliklinik Mata RSUP Sanglah periode Januari – Desember 2020 Angelina S Tallo; Ari Andayani; Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022): (In Press : 1 August 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (645.828 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i2.1206

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is known as microvascular disease. DR is a common complication in type 1 and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients which can be a major cause of vision loss in the working age population. Several studies have reported several risk factors for DR hyperglycemia, duration of DM, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetic nephropathy. The purpose of this study was to find out the description of DR patients who came to Sanglah Hospital in 2020 to increase awareness of risk factors related to DR. Method: This research is a descriptive study with an analytical cross sectional approach. Data were collected retrospectively by recording the characteristics of DR patients who came for treatment at the Eye Polyclinic of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar in 2020 based on medical records. Result: The research subjects were 80 patients with DR. Male patients dominate as much as 62.5%. Most of the participants were in the age group 50 – 59 years (37.50%). All patients who came for treatment at the Eye polyclinic of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar were type II DM patients with uncontrolled HbA1c levels (53.75%). Patients were dominated by PDR cases (73.75%), DME (53.75%) and blindness (63.75%). Conclusion: The results of data analysis showed that fair control and poor control HbA1c levels had an effect on the severity of the DR type and were statistically significant. Statistically significant decrease in visual acuity occurred based on the severity of type DR. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm other risk factors.   Pendahuluan: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) dikenal sebagai penyakit mikrovaskuler. DR merupakan komplikasi yang umum terjadi pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus (DM) tipe 1 dan tipe 2 yang dapat menjadi penyebab utama kehilangan penglihatan pada populasi usia kerja. Beberapa studi telah melaporkan beberapa faktor risiko terjadinya DR adalah hiperglikemia, durasi DM, hipertensi, obesitas, dislipidemia, dan diabetik nefropati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran pasien DR yang berobat di RSUP Sanglah pada tahun 2020 untuk meningkatkan kesadaran akan faktor risiko terkait DR. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi potong lintang (cross sectional) analitik. Data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif dilakukan dengan cara mencatat karakteristik pasien DR yang datang berobat di Poliklinik Mata RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada tahun 2020 berdasarkan rekam medis. Hasil: Subjek penelitian berjumlah 80 pasien dengan DR. Dari 80 pasien DR tersebut, pasien laki-laki mendominasi sebanyak 62,5%. Sebagian besar partisipan berada pada kelompok usia 50 – 59 tahun (37,50%). Seluruh pasien yang datang berobat di poliklinik Mata RSUP Sanglah Denpasar adalah pasien DM tipe II dengan kadar HbA1c yang tidak terkontrol (53,75%). Pasien didominasi oleh kasus PDR (73,75%), DME (53,75%) dan mengalami kebutaan (63,75%). Simpulan: Hasil analisis data menunjukkan kadar HbA1c fair control dan poor control berpengaruh pada keparahan dari tipe DR dan signifikan secara statistik. Penurunan visus yang signifikan secara statistik terjadi berdasarkan keparahan tipe DR. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dibutuhkan untuk mengkonfirmasi faktor-faktor risiko lainnya.
Seorang penderita syok anafilaksis dengan allergic myocardial infarction (kounis syndrome) I Putu Ary Wismayana; I Ketut Suardamana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (429.212 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1207

Abstract

Background: Kounis syndrome (KS) is defined as the concurrence of acute coronary syndromes associated with mast-cell and platelet activation in the setting of allergic or anaphylactic insults. Prevalence of KS is considered rare, estimated 1.1% of hospitalized allergic reaction patient, with mortality rate 7%. Case Report: Case of 39 years old male without history of coronary artery disease, having dyspnea, chest discomfort, and pruritus after eating skipjack tuna. 12 lead electrocardiogram showing ST depression segment on lead II, III, and aVF. Patient diagnose as Kounis syndrome variant type I. Treatment of Kounis Syndrome begins with cessation of the causative agent. After therapy using epinephrine and intravenous corticosteroid, clinical improvement was achieved, and ST segment depression on electrocardiogram resolved. Conclusion: Kounis syndrome is a rare disorder which need careful assessment and swift management. The diagnosis confirmed with sign and symptoms of allergic along with disorder in cardiovascular system.   Latar Belakang: Kounis Syndrome (KS) didefinisikan sebagai sindrom koroner akut yang terjadi bersamaan dengan aktivasi sel mast dan trombosit dalam keadaan alergi atau anafilaksis. Prevalensi KS tergolong jarang, diperkirakan 1,1% dari pasien reaksi alergi yang dirawat di rumah sakit, dengan angka kematian 7%. Laporan Kasus: Laki-laki 39 tahun tanpa riwayat penyakit jantung koroner, sesak nafas, rasa tidak nyaman di dada, dan pruritus setelah makan ikan cakalang. Elektrokardiogram 12 sadapan menunjukkan segmen depresi ST pada sadapan II, III, dan aVF. Diagnosis pasien sebagai sindrom Kounis varian tipe I. Pengobatan Sindrom Kounis dimulai dengan penghentian agen penyebab. Setelah terapi menggunakan epinefrin dan kortikosteroid intravena, perbaikan klinis dicapai serta depresi segmen ST pada elektrokardiogram teratasi. Simpulan: Kounis syndrome adalah kelainan langka yang membutuhkan penilaian yang cermat dan penanganan yang cepat. Diagnosis ditegakkan dengan adanya tanda dan gejala alergi disertai gangguan pada sistem kardiovaskular.
Ekspresi reseptor vitamin D plasenta yang rendah sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya preeklampsia dengan gambaran berat I Gede Mahendra Adiguna Dira; Ketut Suwiyoga; I Wayan Artana Putra; I Gede Mega Putra; Ida Bagus Gede Fajar Manuaba; I Gde Sastra Winata; I Wayan Megadhana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1208

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia is the cause of 10-15% of maternal deaths in Indonesia and occurs in about 2-10% of all pregnancies worldwide. The pathogenesis that underlies the occurrence of preeclampsia is not yet clearly known so that preeclampsia is referred to as a disease of theory. Nutritional factors such as vitamin D also play a role in the development of preeclampsia. This study aims to determine the relationship between vitamin D receptor expression as a risk factor for preeclampsia with severe features.Method: This study used a case-control design conducted in the maternity ward of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar from February to August 2020. A sample of 44 subjects was obtained and divided into case groups and control groups. Examination of vitamin D receptors using a central area placenta measuring 2x2 cm which was then examined semi-quantitatively at the Histology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.Result: The results were analyzed using the chi square test. There was no significant difference in the characteristics of the two groups. There was a significant relationship between low VDR expression in the placenta and the incidence of preeclampsia with severe features (p-value 0.002; 95% CI 1.96-31.57; OR 7.88).Conclusion: Low VDR placenta expression in pregnant women increases the risk of preeclampsia with a severe picture of 7.88 times greater than high VDR expression. Pendahuluan: Preeklampsia menjadi penyebab 10-15% kematian maternal di Indonesia, dan terjadi pada sekitar 2-10% dari seluruh kehamilan di seluruh dunia. Patogenesis yang mendasari terjadinya preeklampsia sampai saat ini belum jelas diketahui sehingga preeklampsia disebut sebagai disease of theory. Faktor nutrisi seperti vitamin D juga memainkan peran dalam terjadinya preeklampsia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari hubungan ekspresi reseptor vitamin D sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya preeklamsia dengan gambaran berat.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus-kontrol yang dilakukan di Ruang Bersalin RSUP Sanglah Denpasar pada Februari sampai Agustus 2020. Didapatkan sampel sebanyak 44 subyek dan dibagi kedalam kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol. Pemeriksaan reseptor vitamin D menggunakan plasenta area sentral ukuran 2x2 cm yang kemudian diperiksa secara semikuantitatif di Laboratorium Histologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Hasil dianalisa menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan karakteristik yang bermakna pada kedua kelompok. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi VDR pada plasenta yang rendah terhadap kejadian preeklamsia dengan gambaran berat (p-value 0.002; IK 95% 1.96-31.57; OR 7.88).SimpulanEkspresi VDR plasenta yang rendah pada ibu hamil meningkatkan risiko terjadinya preeklamsia dengan gambaran berat sebesar 7,88 kali lebih besar dibandingkan ekspresi VDR tinggi.
Polimorfisme gen COL1A1 sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya prolaps organ panggul pada perempuan Bali, Indonesia Putra Agung Eka Aricandana; I Gede Mega Putra; I Wayan Megadhana; Anak Agung Ngurah Anantasika; Ida Bagus Gde Fajar Manuaba; I Gede Ngurah Harry Wijaya Surya
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1209

Abstract

Introduction: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is still a common health problem in women, especially in the elderly female population. Pelvic organ prolapse is associated with a reduced quality of life for millions of women worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the COL1A1 rs 1800012 gene polymorphism as a risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse in Balinese women, Indonesia.Methods: This case-control observational study involved 60 Balinese women aged 30-70 years divided into 30 subjects with pelvic organ prolapse as a case group and 30 subjects with non-pelvic organ prolapse as a control group. Subject selection and clinical examination were carried out at the Reconstructive Urogynecology Polyclinic and Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic, Sanglah Central General Hospital Denpasar and Prima Medika General Hospital Denpasar. Three ml of blood sample was drawn and then put into a bottle containing EDTA for Polymerase Chain Reaction COL1A1 rs 180012 gene polymorphisms at the Integrated Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. The data obtained were then analyzed using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions software version 21.0.Results: COL1A1 gene polymorphism was found in eight subjects in the case group and one subject in the control group. The results of bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between the COL1A1 gene polymorphism and the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse (p = 0.011). The results of multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between COL1A1 gene polymorphisms and pelvic organ prolapse after controlling for controlled variables (parity status, occupation, BMI, age, menopause, and history of hysterectomy). Multivariate analysis showed adjusted odd ratio of 16.157 for the COL1A1 gene polymorphism (p = 0.021).Conclusion: COL1A1 gene polymorphism significantly increases the risk of pelvic organ prolapse in Balinese women.  Pendahuluan: Prolaps organ panggul (POP) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan umum pada perempuan, terutama pada populasi wanita lanjut usia. Prolaps organ panggul berkaitan dengan penurunan kualitas hidup dari jutaan wanita di seluruh dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran polimorfisme gen COL1A1 rs 1800012 sebagai faktor risiko kejadian prolaps organ panggul pada perempuan Bali, Indonesia.Metode: Studi observasional kasus kontrol ini melibatkan 60 orang perempuan Bali berusia 30-70 tahun yang terdiri dari 30 orang dengan diagnosis prolaps organ panggul sebagai kelompok kasus dan 30 orang dengan diagnosis non prolaps organ panggul sebagai kelompok kontrol. Pemilihan subjek dan pemeriksaan klinis dilakukan di Poliklinik Uroginekologi Rekonstruksi dan Poliklinik Obstetri dan Ginekologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar dan Rumah Sakit Umum Prima Medika Denpasar. Sampel darah diambil sebanyak 3 ml kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam botol yang berisi EDTA dan dilakukan pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction untuk polimorfisme gen COL1A1 rs 180012 di Laboratorium Biomedik Terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Statistical Product and Service Solutions versi 21.0.Hasil: Polimorfisme gen COL1A1 ditemukan pada 8 subjek pada kelompok kasus dan 1 subjek pada kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara polimorfisme gen COL1A1 dan kejadian prolaps organ panggul (p = 0,011). Hasil analisis multivariat memperjelas hubungan signifikan antara polimorfisme gen COL1A1 dan prolaps organ panggul setelah dikontrol dengan variabel terkendali (status paritas, pekerjaan, imt, umur, menopause, dan riwayat histerektomi). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan adjusted odd ratio sebesar 16,157 untuk polimorfisme gen COL1A1 (p = 0,021).Simpulan: Polimorfisme gen COL1A1 secara signifikan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya prolaps organ panggul pada perempuan Bali.
Pencapaian vaksinasi COVID-19 pada anak usia 12 - 18 tahun periode Agustus - September 2021 di Puskesmas Kelurahan Cililitan Luh Kadek Shastri Utami Wijayanti; Aan Kurniawan; Amalia Farahtika Srikandi; Jovian Lutfi Daniko; Setya Bayu Kurniawan
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (434.693 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1210

Abstract

Background: The morbidity and mortality rate of COVID-19 in Indonesia is increasing. Various efforts have been made to prevent the transmission process which is expected to have a significant impact in reducing morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. One of the steps taken by the Indonesian government is the implementation of COVID-19 vaccination for the entire community. The COVID-19 vaccination program in Indonesia is planned to run from February 2021 to March 2022, where one of the targets for COVID-19 vaccination is children.Aim: The study was conducted to assess the achievement of COVID-19 vaccination in children aged 12-18 years at the Cililitan Urban Village Health Center for the period August - September 2021.Method: This research is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Cililitan Urban Village Health Center in October 2021. The research sample was all vaccine participants at the Cililitan Urban Village Health Center who attended the first and second vaccines with a total sampling technique. The research data were obtained through documentation of vaccination records at the Cililitan Urban Village Health Center. The data obtained are presented as part of personal data and vaccination achievements in graphic form.Result: The recording of the results of vaccination services is carried out electronically through the information system for one COVID-19 vaccination data, namely the Pcare application which is carried out during the COVID-19 vaccination service. The COVID-19 vaccination program for children aged 12-18 years has been implemented since July 1, 2021. The Cililitan Urban Village Health Center area has 16 Neighborhood Units with a total population of children aged 12-18 years as many as 2955 people. The results of the achievements of children aged 12-18 years in the Cililitan Urban Village area for the period August - September 2021 who were vaccinated with the first dose were 13.73% and the second dose vaccinated was 24.53%.Conclusion: The Cililitan Urban Village Health Center has run a vaccination program for children aged 12-18 years, but the vaccination coverage in August-September 2021 has not reached the target of 50%. Latar Belakang: Angka kesakitan dan kematian COVID-19 di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Berbagai upaya dilakukan untuk mencegah proses penularan yang diharapkan berdampak signifikan dalam menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat penyakit COVID-19. Salah satu langkah yang diambil dari pemerintah Indonesia yaitu pelaksanaan vaksinasi COVID-19 untuk seluruh masyarakat. Program vaksinasi COVID-19 di Indonesia direncanakan berlangsung dari bulan Februari 2021 hingga Maret 2022, dimana salah satu sasaran vaksinasi COVID-19 adalah anak - anak.Tujuan: Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk melakukan penilaian terhadap pencapaian vaksinasi COVID-19 pada anak usia 12 – 18 tahun di Puskesmas Kelurahan Cililitan periode Agustus - September 2021.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Kelurahan Cililitan pada bulan Oktober 2021. Sampel penelitian adalah semua peserta vaksin Puskesmas Kelurahan Cililitan yang hadir vaksin pertama dan kedua dengan teknik total sampling. Data penelitian didapatkan melalui dokumen pencatatan vaksinasi di Puskesmas Kelurahan Cililitan. Data yang diperoleh disajikan menjadi bagian data diri dan capaian vaksinasi dalam bentuk grafik.Hasil: Pencatatan hasil pelayanan vaksinasi dilakukan secara elektronik melalui sistem informasi satu data vaksinasi COVID-19, yaitu aplikasi Pcare yang dilakukan saat pelayanan vaksinasi COVID-19 berlangsung. Program vaksinasi COVID-19 untuk anak usia 12 – 18 tahun sudah dilaksanakan sejak 1 Juli 2021. Wilayah puskesmas memiliki 16 Rukun Warga dengan total populasi anak usia 12 – 18 tahun sebanyak 2955 orang. Hasil capaian anak usia 12 – 18 tahun di wilayah Kelurahan Cililitan periode Agustus – September 2021 yang tervaksinasi dosis I sebesar 13,73% dan tervaksinasi dosis II sebesar 24,53%.Kesimpulan: Puskesmas Kelurahan Cililitan telah menjalankan program vaksinasi anak usia 12 – 18 tahun, namun cakupan vaksinasi pada bulan Agustus – September 2021 belum mencapai target hingga 50%.
Moluskum kontagiosum dengan human immunodeficiency virus stadium IV yang diterapi dengan KOH 20% Michael Hostiadi; I Gusti Ayu Agung Elis Indira; Ni Made Dwi Puspawati; Ketut Wida Komalasari
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022): (In Press : 1 August 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (401.463 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i2.1211

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of molluscum contagiosum (MC) was found to increase in the HIV population with a prevalence of 5-18%. Persistent molluscum lesions gradually increase in size. Some develop into giant, tumor-like, nodular lesions that can exceed 1 cm in diameter and cause esthetic defects in HIV-positive patients. Conventional treatment is usually not effective enough and requires additional therapy in immunocompromised cases. Case: A 31-year-old woman with stage IV HIV had the main complaint of a skin-colored rash near the genital area. Venereological examination found multiple papules with smooth, shiny surfaces with central umbilication discrete configuration and localized distribution. The molluscum body comes out after being squeezed. The treatment given is 20% potassium hydroxide spots on MC lesions every 24 hours topically. Two weeks after therapy was given, no new lesions were found without any side effects. Conclusion: Administration of 20% potassium hydroxide can be considered an MC treatment option in HIV patient with minimal side effects and is easy to use.   Latar Belakang: Prevalensi moluskum kontagiosum (MK) didapatkan meningkat pada populasi human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) dengan prevalensi 5-18%. Lesi moluskum persisten yang secara bertahap bertambah besar, beberapa berkembang menjadi raksasa, seperti tumor, lesi nodular yang dapat melebihi diameter 1cm, dan dapat menyebabkan kecacatan secara estetik sering ditemui pada pasien dengan HIV positif. Pengobatan konvensional biasanya tidak cukup ampuh dan membutuhkan tambahan terapi lainnya pada kasus imunokompromais. Kasus: Seorang perempuan usia 31 tahun, HIV positif stadium IV dengan keluhan utama berupa bintil-bintil bewarna serupa kulit di dekat area genital, bila ditekan keluar bintik putih seperti nasi. Pemeriksaan venereologis ditemukan papul multipel permukaan licin berkilat dengan umbilikasi sentral konfigurasi diskret dengan distribusi lokalisata. Penatalaksanaan yang diberikan adalah tutul kalium hidroksida (KOH) 20% pada lesi MK setiap 24 jam topikal. Dua minggu setelah terapi diberikan tidak ditemukan adanya lesi baru dan tanpa adanya efek samping. Simpulan: Pemberian KOH 20% dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai pilihan terapi MK pada HIV dengan efek sampung minimal dan mudah digunakan.
Serial kasus pneumonia neonatal dengan kemungkinan transmisi vertikal SARS-CoV-2 pada masa kehamilan Ida Ayu Sri Kusuma Dewi; Ade Tsarina Indira
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (441.379 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1212

Abstract

Background: The vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from pregnant women to fetuses during pregnancy is still under debate. However, the incidence of COVID-19 in neonates born to mothers with SARS-Cov-2 infection is increasing. Several case reports suspect that the possibility of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 can occur vertically through the placenta. Most neonates with COVID-19 infection experience mild illness, but some develop severe symptoms.Case Report: We report two cases of neonates with Neonatal Pneumonia born to mothers with COVID-19 infection. The first case is a baby born to a mother infected with COVID-19 with placenta previa totalis. The baby was born with severe asphyxia. The second case was a baby born to a mother infected with COVID-19 with premature membrane rupture. The baby experiences respiratory distress after four days of age. An RT-PCR swab examination was performed in both cases, and the results were positive. After intensive care, both babies were discharged in stable condition.Conclusion: The vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is still under debate. Examinations other than nasopharyngeal RT-PCR swabs such as peripheral blood examinations for mother and baby, placenta, umbilical cord, umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid are needed to support vertical transmission. In this case report, we could only perform the Nasopharyngeal RT-PCR swab test due to various limitations. Latar Belakang: Transmisi vertical SARS-CoV-2 dari ibu hamil ke janin selama masa kehamilan masih dalam perdebatan. Namun Angka kejadian COVID-19 pada neonatus yang lahir dari ibu dengan infeksi SARS-Cov-2 tersebut kian meningkat. Beberapa laporan kasus mencurigai bahwa kemungkinan transmisi dari SARS-CoV-2 dapat terjadi secara vertikal melalui plasenta. Sebagian besar neonatus dengan infeksi COVID-19 ini mengalami gejala ringan, namun beberapa berkembang menjadi berat. Laporan Kasus: Pada laporan ini, kami melaporkan dua kasus neonatus dengan pneumonia neonatal yang lahir dari ibu dengan infeksi COVID-19. Kasus pertama merupakan bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang terinfeksi COVID-19 dengan plasenta previa totalis, bayi lahir dengan asfiksia berat. Kasus kedua merupakan bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang terinfeksi COVID-19 dengan ketuban pecah dini (KPD), bayi mengalami distress napas setelah usia 4 hari. Pada kedua kasus ini dilakukan pemeriksaan swab RT-PCR dan mendapatkan hasil positif. Setelah dilakukan perawatan intensif, kedua bayi dipulangkan dengan kondisi stabil. Kesimpulan: Transmisi vertikal SARS-CoV-2 masih dalam perdebatan. Pemeriksaan selain swab RT-PCR nasofaring seperti pemeriksaan darah perifer pada ibu dan bayi, plasenta, tali pusat, darah tali pusat, cairanan amnion dibutuhkan untuk menunjang adanya suatu transmisi vertikal. Pada laporan kasus ini kami hanya dapat melakukan tes swab RT-PCR nasofaring dikarenakan keterbatasan pemeriksaan. 
Hubungan profil lipid dengan kejadian tuli mendadak di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia Made Prani Windasari; I Made Wiranadha
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (326.956 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1213

Abstract

Background: Sudden deafness is a neurotological emergency requiring rapid and comprehensive management. Sudden deafness can be caused by viral infections, neoplasms, rupture of the cochlear membrane, autoimmune, vascular occlusion, neurologic, psychogenic and idiopathic. The pathogenesis of sudden deafness is still being debated. However, the increased blood viscosity, micro thrombosis, and/or changes in blood vessel size can also cause hearing loss. This study evaluates the relationship between lipid profile and sudden deafness in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia. Methods: This study is analytical research using a retrospective case-control method by taking secondary data from the patient's medical records. The study was conducted at the ENT polyclinic of Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, from December 2020 to February 2021, with a total sample of 39 people in each group. Data analysis in this study consisted of descriptive statistical analysis, normality test, and correlation test, which were analyzed using the SPSS version 25.0 for Windows. Results: There was no significant difference of mean total cholesterol in the case group (204.030±38.756 mg/dL) and control group (189.710±27.200 mg/dL) (p> 0.05). There was a significant difference in mean LDL in the case group (140.680±32.177 mg/dL) compared with the control group (118.870±22.498 mg/dL) (p<0.05). In addition, significant differences were also found in the mean HDL (51.050±15.883 vs. 44.710±12.901 mg/dL) and mean triglycerides (93.840±44.665 vs. 154.050±83.975 mg/dL) (p<0.05) between the case and control group. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between HDL, LDL and triglycerides with the incidence of sudden deafness.   Latar Belakang: Tuli mendadak merupakan keadaan darurat neurotologi yang memerlukan penatalaksanaan secara cepat dan komprehensif. Tuli mendadak dapat disebabkan oleh infeksi virus, neoplasma, ruptur membran koklea, autoimun, oklusi vaskuler, neurologik, psikogenik dan idiopatik. Patogenesis terjadinya tuli mendadak sampai saat ini masih menjadi perdebatan. Akan tetapi, peningkatan viskositas darah, mikrotrombosis, dan atau perubahan ukuran pembuluh darah juga dapat menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara profil lipid dan kejadian tuli mendadak yang ada di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia.            Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian analitik dengan menggunakan metode kasus kontrol retrospektif dari data sekunder catatan medis pasien. Penelitian dilakukan di poliklinik THT-KL RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar dari bulan Desember 2020 – Februari 2021 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 39 orang pada masing-masing kelompok. Analisis data pada penelitian ini terdiri dari analisis statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, dan uji korelasi yang dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS versi 25.0 untuk Windows. Hasil: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata kolesterol total pada kelompok kasus (204.030±38.756 mg/dL) dan kelompok kontrol (189.710±27.200 mg/dL) (p>0,05). Terdapat perbedaan rerata LDL yang bermakna pada kelompok kasus (140,680±32,177 mg/dL) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (118,870±22.498 mg/dL) (p<0,05). Selain itu, perbedaan bermakna juga ditemukan pada rerata HDL (51.050±15.883 vs. 44.710±12.901 mg/dL) dan rerata trigliserida (93.840±44.665 vs. 154.050±83,975 mg/dL) (p<0,05) antara kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara HDL, LDL dan trigliserida dengan kejadian tuli mendadak.
Prevalence of SCCmec Types I, II, III, and pvl gene among Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from clinical specimens in Sanglah General Hospital I Gede Sathya Agastya; Agus Eka Darwinata; Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih; Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (418.598 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v13i1.1215

Abstract

Background: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a big challenge for health services worldwide which causes infections both in healthcare and community. Healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) strains are shown to be resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and several non-beta lactam antibiotics. At the same time, the community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) tends to be resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. MRSA carried staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) types I, II, III, IV, and V. SCCmec types I, II, and III were predominantly found in  HA-MRSA strain while SCCmec types IV and V predominantly found in CA-MRSA strains. Furthermore, the panton valentine leukocidine (pvl) gene is commonly found in CA-MRSA strains. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of SCCmec types I, II, III, and pvl gene in MRSA isolated from clinical specimens in Sanglah General Hospital. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. MRSA was isolated from clinical specimens (sputum, wounds, tissue, blood, etc.) from January 2020 to July 2021 and identified by the Vitek 2 Compact (Biomerieux, France) at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Sanglah Hospital. Prevalence of SCCmec and pvl gene using PCR. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel version 2010 for Windows. Results: Most of the specimens (69.56%) were wound. Seventeen (73.91%) out of 23 MRSA isolates were positive for the SCCmec III and pvl gene, while none was positive for the SCCmec I and SCCmec II. About 19 (82.60%) isolates were resistant to two or more non-beta-lactam antibiotics. Conclusions: The isolates of MRSA in this study were predominantly isolated from wound specimens, with the most prevalent genetic element being SCCmec III. In this study, although most MRSA isolates carried SCCmec III that suggested as HA-MRSA, however, most of the strains harbored the pvl gene. This interesting phenomenon needs to be further elucidated.

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